Overload limiting and blocking device and method for assembly site of assembly type building
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of assembly management and control of an assembly building site, and relates to an assembly building site overload limiting and blocking device and method.
Background
The method comprises the following steps that components of an assembly type building are prefabricated and maintained in a prefabricated factory building and then transferred to a field for assembly, before assembly, the components of various shapes and weights are placed in a yard, during assembly, a transfer tool is used for transferring the components to a designated area for assembly, various pipelines or pre-buried lines used during assembly are usually pre-buried between the yard and the designated area, particularly, a water pipeline network pipe used for watering parts in the assembly process is needed, in order to improve component transfer efficiency, a plurality of components are usually transferred to the designated area at one time, and when the components are carried by the transfer tool and pass through a channel between the yard and the designated area under the condition that the components are overweight, the pre-buried pipelines and lines are crushed, or a road foundation is damaged; although the approximate weight of the prefabricated components can be known after the prefabricated components are formed, the components are not overweight during transportation only by adopting a complicated shunting and calculating mode on site.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an overload limiting and blocking device and a method for an assembly site of an assembly type building, wherein a load-bearing mechanism and an inflation device are arranged in a load-bearing box, a blocking mechanism is positioned in front of the load-bearing box and communicated with the inflation device, a cover plate is matched with the load-bearing box and is in contact with the upper end face of the load-bearing mechanism, the load-bearing box and the blocking mechanism are embedded in a foundation pit of a road between a yard and an appointed area, a pipeline is positioned in front of the blocking mechanism, a carrier carries a loaded component to move from the yard direction to the appointed area, and when the lower side face of the cover plate passing through the load-bearing box is not in contact with the inflation device, the carrier can pass smoothly, the cover plate applies the pressure of the inflation device to enable gas to enter an air pressure cavity of the blocking mechanism, the blocking column is driven to ascend, the carrier is prevented from passing through the pipeline in front of the road, electric drive is not needed, personnel attendance is not needed, and the operation is simple and convenient.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an overload limiting and blocking device for an assembly site of an assembly type building comprises a bearing box, a load-carrying mechanism, an air charging device and a blocking mechanism; the load-bearing mechanism and the air charging device are positioned in the load-bearing box, the air pressure cavity of the blocking mechanism is communicated with the air charging device, and the cover plate is matched with the load-bearing box and is contacted with the upper end surface of the load-bearing mechanism; when the load borne by the cover plate exerts pressure on the air charging device, the air charging device charges air to the blocking mechanism to drive the blocking column to ascend.
The bearing box is a hollow box body with an opening at the upper side, and the annular frame at the lower side of the cover plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the hollow box body.
One side of the bearing box is provided with a through hole; at least one pressure relief hole and the bearing box are arranged on the cover plate and communicated with each other.
The load mechanism includes that the stay tube cup joints and sliding fit's pressure post, is located the stay tube and is equipped with the spring with the cover between the pressure post, and the both ends of spring are contradicted with the baffle of stay tube and pressure post end respectively.
The number of the load-carrying mechanisms is multiple, the load-carrying mechanisms are evenly distributed in the load-carrying box at intervals, and the nominal weight borne by each load-carrying mechanism is equal.
The air charging device is a pressure air bag, and an air outlet arranged at one end of the air charging device is communicated with the air pressure cavity of the stopping mechanism through an air pipe.
The number of the inflation devices is at least two, and the inflation devices are uniformly distributed in the bearing box at intervals; the upper side surface of the inflator is lower than the upper end surface of the load-carrying mechanism, and the upper side surface of the inflator does not contact the cover plate under the condition that the cover plate does not bear the load.
The blocking mechanism comprises a blocking column matched with the air cylinder, the space between the air cylinder and the blocking column is an air pressure cavity, and an air injection port arranged on one side of the air pressure cavity is communicated with the air pipe.
The blocking column retracts into the cylinder under the condition that the inflating device is not pressed, and when the inflating device is pressed and exceeds the preset load pressure, the blocking column rises to the preset height.
The overload limiting and blocking method of the overload limiting and blocking device for the assembly site of the assembly type building comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting, namely mounting a bearing box, a blocking mechanism and an air pipe in a foundation pit on a road between a yard and a designated area, wherein a pipeline pre-buried in the road is positioned in front of the blocking mechanism; in the step, the upper end surfaces of the pressed column and the cover plate are flush with the ground, and the assembly designated area is positioned in front of the blocking mechanism;
s2, transferring the components, wherein the loaded components are carried by a carrier to move from the storage yard direction to a designated area and pass through a cover plate of a bearing box;
s3, pressing, namely when the delivery vehicle passes through the cover plate, applying the pressure of the pressed column after the cover plate bears the pressure, and then descending the delivery vehicle along with the cover plate;
s4, detecting that in S3, when the delivery vehicle completely enters the upper part of the cover plate and the lower side surface of the cover plate is not contacted with the inflating device, the component is not overloaded, and the delivery vehicle can smoothly move towards a designated area;
and S5, blocking, in S3, after the carrier completely enters the upper part of the cover plate and the pressure of the inflating device is applied to the lower side surface of the cover plate, the gas in the inflating device enters a gas pressure cavity of the blocking mechanism to drive the blocking column to ascend and block the carrier from passing over, so that a pipeline in front of a road is prevented from being damaged.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly embodied in that:
a load-bearing mechanism and an air charging device are arranged in the bearing box, and the cover plate is in sliding fit with the load-bearing mechanism to seal the load-bearing mechanism so as to prevent dust from entering the load-bearing mechanism;
the lower side face of the cover plate is provided with the annular frame which is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the bearing box, so that the stability of the cover plate when the cover plate is pressed to descend is improved, and meanwhile, each loading mechanism and each inflation device can balance stress when the cover plate is pressed.
The number of the loading mechanisms is planned in advance according to the preset overload limit weight, and the cover plate can apply pressure to the air charging device only when the cover plate is pressed by the overload weight, so that the blocking column is prevented from extending out of the air cylinder under the condition of light load.
When the cover plate applies pressure to the inflating device, air in the inflating device enters the air pressure cavity of the blocking mechanism to drive the blocking column to ascend and block the overloaded vehicle from passing through a pipeline in front, and the pipeline and road bearing is prevented from being damaged due to overweight.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the loading mechanism and the inflator in the load-bearing box according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the load carrying mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the blocking mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of fig. 7.
In the figure: the bearing box 1, the cover plate 11, the annular frame 12, the through hole 13, the pressure relief hole 14, the load-carrying mechanism 2, the support pipe 21, the pressure-receiving column 22, the spring 23, the inflating device 3, the exhaust port 31, the air pipe 32, the blocking mechanism 4, the air cylinder 42, the blocking column 41 and the air pressure cavity 43.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, an assembly type building assembly site overload limiting and blocking device comprises a bearing box 1, a load-carrying mechanism 2, an inflation device 3 and a blocking mechanism 4; the load-bearing mechanism 2 and the inflating device 3 are positioned in the load-bearing box 1, the air pressure cavity 43 of the blocking mechanism 4 is communicated with the inflating device 3, and the cover plate 11 is matched with the load-bearing box 1 and is contacted with the upper end surface of the load-bearing mechanism 2; when the load applied to the cover 11 presses the inflator 3, the inflator 3 inflates the blocking mechanism 4 to drive the blocking post 41 to rise. When the device is used, the bearing box 1 and the blocking mechanism 4 are buried in a foundation pit of a road between a storage yard and an appointed area, a pipeline is positioned in front of the blocking mechanism 4, a carrier carries a loaded component to move from the storage yard to the appointed area and passes through the cover plate 11 of the bearing box 1, when the lower side surface of the cover plate 11 is not in contact with the inflating device 3, the carrier can smoothly pass through the pipeline, the cover plate 11 applies the pressure of the inflating device 3 to enable gas to enter the air pressure cavity 43 of the blocking mechanism 4, the blocking column 41 is driven to ascend, the carrier is blocked from passing through the pipeline, the pipeline in front of the road is prevented from being damaged, electric drive is not needed, personnel attendance is not needed, and the operation is simple and convenient.
In a preferred embodiment, the bearing box 1 is a hollow box with an opening on the upper side, and the annular frame 12 on the lower side of the cover plate 11 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the hollow box. When in manufacturing, the annular frame 12 and the bearing box 1 adopt sliding surfaces, so that jamming is avoided in the sliding process; meanwhile, the radial movement direction of the cover plate 11 is limited due to the sliding of the annular frame 12 and the inner wall of the bearing box 1, so that the stability of the cover plate 11 during movement is improved.
In a preferred scheme, a through hole 13 is formed in one side of the bearing box 1; at least one pressure relief hole 14 is formed in the cover plate 11 and communicated with the bearing box 1. When the bearing box is used, the through hole 13 is used for penetrating through the air pipe 32, and the pressure relief hole 14 is used for exhausting part of air in the bearing box 1 when the cover plate 11 slides downwards; or to let atmospheric air into the load-bearing box 1 when the cover 11 is raised.
In a preferred scheme, the load-carrying mechanism 2 comprises a pressed column 22 which is sleeved on the supporting tube 21 and is in sliding fit with the supporting tube 21, a spring 23 is sleeved between the supporting tube 21 and the pressed column 22, and two ends of the spring 23 are respectively abutted to the end baffles of the supporting tube 21 and the pressed column 22. When the device is used, the pressed column 22 is in contact with the cover plate 11, the spring 23 is compressed after the pressed column 22 is pressed, and the pressed column 22 slides along the supporting tube 21, so that the stability is improved.
Preferably, the load carried by each spring 23 is calculated according to the overload weight, the total number of the required load carrying mechanisms 2 is planned, and then the plurality of load carrying mechanisms 2 are uniformly distributed in the load bearing box 1, so that each load carrying mechanism 2 can be stressed in a balanced manner.
In a preferred scheme, the number of the load-bearing mechanisms 2 is multiple, the load-bearing mechanisms are uniformly distributed in the load-bearing box 1 at intervals, and the nominal weight carried by each load-bearing mechanism 2 is equal. When the loading mechanism is used, when the nominal weight loaded by each loading mechanism 2 is equal, the loaded stress points are stressed in a balanced manner, and clamping stagnation of stress on one side caused by lateral deviation of the cover plate 11 is avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, the inflating device 3 is a pressure airbag, and the exhaust port 31 disposed at one end is communicated with the pneumatic chamber 43 of the obstructing mechanism 4 through an air tube 32. In use, the inflator 3 is in communication with the pneumatic chamber 43 of the barrier mechanism 4 and inflates the pneumatic chamber 43 of the barrier mechanism 4 when the inflator 3 is pressurized.
In a preferable scheme, the number of the inflating devices 3 is at least two, and the inflating devices are uniformly distributed in the bearing box 1 at intervals; the upper side surface of the inflator 3 is lower than the upper end surface of the load mechanism 2, and the upper side surface of the inflator 3 does not contact the cover 11 when the cover 11 does not bear a load. In use, when the pressure carried by the cover plate 11 is outside the overload prefabrication range, the cover plate 11 is not in contact with the inflating device 3, and the inflating device 3 does not inflate the air pressure cavity 43.
In a preferred scheme, the arresting mechanism 4 comprises an arresting column 41 matched with an air cylinder 42, a space between the air cylinder 42 and the arresting column 41 is an air pressure cavity 43, and an air injection port arranged on one side of the air pressure cavity 43 is communicated with the air pipe 32. In use, the dam post 41 is positioned within the cylinder 42 after the pneumatic chamber 43 is in communication with the inflator 3 without the inflator 3 being pressurized.
In a preferred embodiment, the arresting post 41 is retracted in the cylinder 42 when the inflator 3 is not pressurized, and the arresting post 41 is raised to a predetermined height when the inflator 3 is pressurized and exceeds a predetermined load pressure. When the inflator 3 receives the pressure of the cover plate 11, indicating that the component carried by the vehicle is overloaded, the inflator 3 supplies air to the air pressure cavity 43, and drives the arresting column 41 to ascend to arrest the vehicle from advancing.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for limiting overload of the overload blocking device for the assembly site of the prefabricated building comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting, namely mounting the bearing box 1, the blocking mechanism 4 and the air pipe 32 in a foundation pit on a road between a yard and a designated area, wherein a pipeline pre-buried in the road is positioned in front of the blocking mechanism 4; in this step, the upper end faces of the pressed column 22 and the cover plate 11 are flush with the ground, and the assembly designated area is located in front of the blocking mechanism 4;
s2, transferring the components, wherein the loaded components are carried by a carrier to move from the storage yard direction to a designated area and pass through a cover plate 11 of the bearing box 1;
s3, when the carrier passes through the cover plate 11, the carrier descends along with the cover plate 11 after the cover plate 11 bears pressure and applies pressure of the pressure receiving column 22;
s4, detecting that in S3, when the vehicle completely enters the upper part of the cover plate 11 and the lower side surface of the cover plate 11 is not in contact with the inflating device 3, the component is not overloaded, and the vehicle can smoothly pass through and move to a designated area;
and S5, arresting, in S3, after the vehicle completely enters the upper part of the cover plate 11 and the pressure of the inflating device 3 is applied to the lower side surface of the cover plate 11, the gas in the inflating device 3 enters the gas pressure cavity 43 of the arresting mechanism 4 to drive the arresting column 41 to ascend and block the vehicle from passing through, so that a pipeline in front of a road is prevented from being damaged.
According to the method, under the condition that external power is not needed, the overload component is blocked during transportation, the pipeline on the road in front is prevented from being damaged, the roadbed is prevented from being damaged, and unattended operation is realized.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.