CN115821123A - Graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a graphene reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite conductor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 98-99.9% of aluminum rare earth alloy powder and 0.1-2% of graphene powder. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder under a first protective atmospherePerforming low-energy ball milling and mixing to obtain uniform mixed powder; and (3) rapidly solidifying and forming the mixed powder in a second protective atmosphere by utilizing a selective laser melting forming technology to obtain the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor. The invention forms nano-scale Al by in-situ self-generation 11 Ce 3 /Gr、Al 3 (Zr, Y)/Gr and/or Al 3 (Pr,Er)/Gr、Al 11 La 3 The three-dimensional continuous reticular frameworks such as/Gr and the like are mutually interwoven and penetrated with the aluminum matrix, and are interlocked in two phases, so that the composite material has the advantages of two phases; the composite material conductor has the advantages of low density, excellent room-temperature and high-temperature mechanical properties, high conductivity, good wear resistance, no crack and cracking tendency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal composite materials, in particular to a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous and rapid increase of economy, the rapid increase of power supply capacity and power demand, the increasing shortage of resource and energy, and the increasing of environmental protection, higher requirements such as low loss, large capacity, high strength and the like are put on conductor materials, and thus the conductor materials are required to have high strength, high conductivity and heat resistance. Compared with the traditional copper conductor, the aluminum-based conductor has the advantages of high strength, light weight, good conductivity, low price, environmental friendliness and the like, and the 'aluminum entering and exiting from copper' becomes the inevitable direction for the development of conductor materials.
Under modern high-tech operation conditions, complex battlefield environments provide requirements for weapons such as high maneuverability, high precision, fierce firepower, far range and the like, and the traditional kinetic energy weapons are difficult to meet the requirements of modern war. The electromagnetic rail gun is a novel weapon launching system taking electricity as an energy source, and has been widely concerned by various countries due to the advantages of high launching precision, long range, good safety and concealment, economy, practicality and the like, and the electromagnetic rail gun has become an inevitable trend of launching technology development.
With the development of the electromagnetic rail gun towards the practical application direction, the service life of the electromagnetic rail gun becomes a bottleneck problem restricting the development of the electromagnetic rail gun. The armature is a key part of the electromagnetic rail gun, and is used as a carrier of thrust of various emitters, so that electromagnetic energy is converted into kinetic energy to push the shot to reach the highest speed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the performance directly influence the emission performance and efficiency of the electromagnetic rail gun. Because the armature works in a strong electric field and magnetic field environment, the conditions are extremely severe, and the materials are subjected to complex mechanical, thermal and electrical actions and strong side impact force during emission, so that the damage forms of material softening, frictional wear, arc ablation, high-speed planing and the like are generated. The method is a key technology of the electromagnetic rail cannon for ensuring the launching precision, the service life and the energy utilization rate of the electromagnetic rail cannon and inhibiting the failure of armature materials.
Based on the temperature rise mechanism of the electromagnetic rail gun, the conductor material for the armature is generally required to have better high temperature resistance, high conductivity and better wear resistance. Meanwhile, in order to improve the emission efficiency, the armature material mass is required to be as small as possible. At present, the armature usually adopts aluminum alloy with lower density, however, the armature material adopted at present still is difficult to meet the ultra-high speed sliding of the electromagnetic rail gun, and the abrasion resistance and high-temperature ablation resistance of the material are difficult to meet the actual combat requirement on the premise of not obviously reducing the heat conductivity and the electric conductivity. Therefore, research and development of novel high-strength, high-conductivity, wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant aluminum-based conductor materials are reliable ways for solving the problem of the failure of the pivot rail material under the launching condition.
Chinese patent publication No. CN113215449A discloses a high-wear-resistance aluminum alloyThe aluminum alloy in the patent has excellent wear resistance, the hardness can reach more than 625HV, but the alloy components contain Mn, which can generate adverse effect on the conductivity of the alloy; meanwhile, precious metal elements such as Os and Ir are added into the alloy, so that the production cost is increased; and the patent does not disclose the electrical conductivity and high temperature performance. The Chinese patent with publication number CN105200252A discloses a novel high-conductivity high-wear-resistance aluminum-based composite material, and Ti is utilized in the patent 2 The room temperature strength of the AlC-reinforced conductive wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material is lower than 280MPa, the room temperature conductivity is lower than 15% IACS, and the requirement of the electromagnetic rail gun launching can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor and a preparation method thereof.
The traditional aluminum-based composite material usually adopts particles, whiskers or continuous long fibers and the like as reinforcements, and the aluminum-based composite material added with the reinforcements has good thermal conductivity, high strength and wear resistance. However, the 3 types of reinforced composite materials have respective defects, and the continuous long fiber is expensive and difficult to realize industrial production; the preparation process of the whiskers and the particles is simple, but the whiskers and the particles are not uniformly distributed, and are easy to fall off in the abrasion process, so that the abrasion resistance of the material is reduced. The bicontinuous phase material is a novel material with a special microstructure, two phases of the material are topologically continuous in the whole three-dimensional space, and the two phases are uniformly distributed. Compared with the traditional composite material, the network framework reinforcement has the potential advantages of both structural property and functional property. Meanwhile, due to the unique two-phase interlocking structure of the bicontinuous material, the material is considered to have the performance advantages of the framework and the matrix, and the toughness, the structural stability, the high-temperature performance and the like of the material are greatly improved.
Graphene is a two-dimensional crystal material formed by stacking carbon atoms, and is currently the thinnest material. Typical nano carbon materials have excellent electric conductivity, heat conductivity, mechanical properties and chemical properties, so that the nano carbon materials become a research hotspot. The mechanical strength of the graphene can be hundreds of times higher than that of steel, and the specific gravity of the graphene is only about one fourth of that of the steel, so that the graphene is one of excellent choices for improving the characteristics of the composite material; meanwhile, the self-lubricating effect of the graphene also provides favorable conditions for improving the wear resistance of the composite material.
According to one aspect of the invention, the graphene reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 98-99.9% of aluminum rare earth alloy powder and 0.1-2% of graphene powder. If the content of the graphene is too low, the graphene cannot exert the enhancing and lubricating effects to the maximum extent; too high graphene content can cause increased defects during printing, and affect the performance of the composite conductor.
Further, the aluminum rare earth alloy powder comprises, by mass: 8.00 percent, 10.00 percent, 12.00 percent of Ce,0.10 to 0.60 percent of Mg,0.50 percent, 1.00 percent, 1.50 percent, 2.00 percent of Y,0.20 to 0.50 percent of Zr,0.10 percent, 0.30 percent, 0.50 percent of Er,0.10 to 0.50 percent of Pr,0.10 to 0.50 percent of La,0.05 percent of Fe,0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.10 percent of impurities and the balance of aluminum.
Furthermore, the particle size distribution of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder is 15-70 mu m, the sphericity is greater than 99%, and the aluminum rare earth alloy powder with the particle size distribution and the sphericity is beneficial to improving the printing quality of the composite material conductor, reducing defects and improving the product performance.
Further, the sheet diameter of the graphene powder is 150-350nm, and the thickness of the graphene powder is 5-10nm.
Furthermore, the number of layers of the graphene powder is less than 10, which is beneficial to refining crystal grains.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a preparation method of the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor, the method includes:
carrying out low-energy ball milling mixing on aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder under a first protective atmosphere to obtain uniform mixed powder, wherein the graphene powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder in the mixed powder;
and rapidly solidifying and forming the mixed powder in a second protective atmosphere by using a selective laser melting forming technology to obtain the graphene reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor.
Further, the low-energy ball milling mixing of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder and the graphene powder under a first protective atmosphere comprises the following steps: the ball milling speed is 100-300 rpm, the intermittent positive and negative rotation ball milling time is 5-20h, and the ball material ratio is 2.
Further, the mixed powder is rapidly solidified and formed under a second protective atmosphere by utilizing a selective laser melting forming technology, and the method comprises the following steps: the laser power is 150-400W, the spot diameter is 70-110 μm, the scanning speed is 600-1500 mm/s, a checkerboard scanning strategy is adopted, the scanning distance is 90-130 μm, and the powder layer height is 10-50 μm. The aluminum alloy powder has high laser reflectivity, requires larger laser power, and generates larger thermal stress in a sample due to overlarge energy density, so that the sample has undesirable phenomena such as warping, cracking and the like; when the energy density is too low, defects such as voids and spheroidization are likely to occur. The above-mentioned undesirable phenomena can be avoided by using the above-mentioned parameters.
Further, the mixed powder is rapidly solidified and formed under a second protective atmosphere by utilizing a selective laser melting forming technology, and the method comprises the following steps: subjecting the mixed powder to a second protective atmosphere at a temperature greater than 10 deg.C 4 -10 6 And solidifying and forming at the cooling speed of K/s.
Further, the first protective atmosphere is argon; the second protective atmosphere is any one of argon, nitrogen, helium and neon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, low-energy ball milling is adopted, so that the graphene powder is uniformly dispersed in Al-RE (RE is one or a mixture of more of Ce, Y, zr, er, pr and La) powder, the good sphericity of the powder is ensured, the particle size distribution of the prepared powder is uniform, the fluidity is good, the powder requirement required by material increase manufacturing is completely met, the probability of defect occurrence is reduced, and the material quality is improved. In addition, the method has the advantages of simple low-energy ball milling process, no need of strong corrosive liquid such as concentrated sulfuric acid and the like, stable process, less damage to the structural integrity of the graphene, and small potential quality hazard, and provides favorable conditions for industrial production of the composite material.
(2) The invention utilizes the selective laser melting technology with high cooling rate to process and form the Al with nanometer scale by in-situ self-generation 11 (Ce,La) 3 Gr and/or Al 3 The (Y, zr, er, pr)/Gr three-dimensional continuous reticular skeleton structure is characterized in that the graphene nanosheets are embedded in the reticular intermetallic compound, so that the strength of the three-dimensional reticular skeleton is further improved, certain toughness is kept, and meanwhile, the existence of the graphene nanosheets does not cause negative influence on the conductivity of the material and is beneficial to further refining grains. The three-dimensional network framework can block the growth of crystal grains, so that the aluminum matrix is strengthened through fine grains, and in addition, the three-dimensional network structure can be strengthened through mechanisms such as crack turning, bridging and the like, and meanwhile, the toughness of the material is kept; under the condition of high-temperature service, the three-dimensional network structure can pin the grain boundary, block dislocation movement and block inter-grain sliding and rotation, thereby improving the high-temperature strength of the matrix. In the whole three-dimensional space, al 11 (Ce,La) 3 Gr and/or Al 3 The (Y, zr, er, pr)/Gr reticular frameworks are mutually interwoven and penetrated with the aluminum matrix and are interlocked in a two-phase manner to form a double-continuous-phase structure, so that the composite material conductor has the advantages of two-phase performance and excellent toughness, conductivity, high-temperature performance and the like; the density of the composite material conductor is more than 98.5 percent, and the density is 2.70-2.85g/cm 3 Room temperature yield strength of 280-367MPa, tensile strength of 410-533MPa, elongation of 5-10%, electrical conductivity of 30-37% IACS, wear rate of 3.425 × 10 -4 -9.0×10 -4 mm 3 V (N · min); yield strength of 240-359MPa above 400 deg.C, tensile strength of 360-469MPa, elongation of 15-21%, and electric conductivity of 35-45% IACS.
(3) The composite material conductor is used as a nano three-dimensional reticular framework of a hard phase to be exposed on a wear surface to form a micro convex body, so that the real contact area of an aluminum substrate and a mating part is reduced, and meanwhile, the three-dimensional reticular framework can effectively disperse load, so that the wear resistance of the composite material is effectively improved; in addition, the graphene has excellent thermal conductivity and self-lubricating property while enhancing the strength of the composite material, and the addition of the graphene can change the temperature gradient between the composite material and the two sides of the mating part, accelerate thermal diffusion and reduce the friction coefficient; meanwhile, the addition of the graphene is beneficial to forming a thick and stable mechanical mixing layer in the friction process of the composite material, so that a mating part is prevented from directly contacting the surface of the material, and the wear resistance of the composite material is improved; due to the self-lubricating property of the graphene, the shearing resistance is reduced in the friction process, and meanwhile, part of the abrasive dust is wrapped and coated in the sliding direction, so that the wear rate in the friction process is effectively reduced.
(4) The invention adopts the additive manufacturing technology, realizes the processing and individual customization of the material complex structure, and can reduce or even inhibit the waste of the material to the maximum extent. The controllable construction of any dimension and dimension of the composite material can be realized by adjusting parameters such as model design, powder particle size, composite material powder formula and proportion, printing parameters and the like, the structure, the form and the performance of the composite material are regulated and controlled according to actual application, and the application prospect of the composite material in the industrial field is greatly widened.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a microstructure diagram of a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of graphene powder attached to the surface of aluminum rare earth alloy powder particles after low-energy ball milling in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant composite material conductor, which comprises aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder; wherein the aluminum rare earth alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass (weight): 10.00 percent of Ce, 0.60 percent of Mg, 2.00 percent of Y,0.20 percent of Zr,0.10 percent of Er,0.10 percent of Pr,0.10 percent of La,0.05 percent of Fe,0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.10 percent of other impurities and the balance of aluminum; the grain size distribution of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder is 20-60 mu m, and the average grain size is 53 mu m; the graphene powder has the sheet diameter of about 200nm, the layer thickness of about 10nm, the number of layers less than 10, and the mass percent of the graphene powder is 0.5%.
Mixing aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder, carrying out low-energy ball milling under the protection of argon, wherein the ball milling rotation speed is 220rpm, the ball-to-material ratio is 2, and carrying out batch-type forward and reverse rotation ball milling for 6 hours to obtain uniform mixed powder, wherein the graphene powder in the mixed powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder as shown in fig. 2.
Utilizing a selective laser melting forming technology, wherein the laser power is 300W, the scanning speed is 1200mm/s, the scanning interval is 110 mu m, and the thickness of a powder layer is 30 mu m, quickly melting, solidifying and forming the mixed powder to obtain the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor, wherein the structure of the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor has in-situ self-generated nano-scale Al 11 (Ce,La) 3 Gr and/or Al 3 The (Y, zr, er, pr)/Gr three-dimensional network framework is biphase continuously interlocked with an aluminum matrix, and the microstructure of the framework is shown in figure 1.
The test proves that the density is more than 99.2 percent and the density is 2.73g/cm 3 Room temperature yield strength of 286MPa, tensile strength of 416MPa, elongation of 10%, room temperature conductivity of 34% IACS, and volumetric wear rate of 4.761 × 10 -4 mm 3 V (N.min), volumetric wear rate with pure aluminum (102.9X 10) -4 mm 3 /(N.min)) by about 95%. IACS at 400 ℃ or higher, yield strength of 244MPa, tensile strength of 366MPa, elongation of 18%, and electric conductivity of 43%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor, which comprises aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder; wherein the aluminum rare earth alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass (weight): 8.00 percent of Ce, 0.30 percent of Mg, 2.00 percent of Y, 0.30 percent of Zr, 0.30 percent of Er, 0.50 percent of Pr, 0.50 percent of La,0.05 percent of Fe,0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.10 percent of other impurities and the balance of aluminum; the grain size distribution of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder is 15-65 mu m, and the average grain size is 50.3 mu m; the diameter of each graphene powder sheet is about 270nm, the thickness of each graphene powder sheet is about 8nm, the number of layers is less than 10, and the mass percent of the graphene powder is 0.7%.
Mixing aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder, carrying out low-energy ball milling under the protection of argon, wherein the ball milling speed is 150rpm, the ball-material ratio is 4.
And (3) rapidly melting, solidifying and forming the mixed powder by utilizing a selective laser melting and forming technology with the laser power of 400W, the scanning speed of 900mm/s, the scanning interval of 90 microns and the powder layer thickness of 20 microns to obtain the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor.
The test proves that the density is more than 99.8 percent and is 2.78g/cm 3 367MPa of room-temperature yield strength, 533MPa of tensile strength, 8% of elongation, 37% of room-temperature electrical conductivity IACS, 3.425X 10 of volumetric wear rate -4 mm 3 V (N.min), volumetric wear rate with pure aluminum (102.9X 10) -4 mm 3 /(N.min)) by about 96%. At 400 ℃ or higher, a yield strength of 340MPa, a tensile strength of 469MPa, an elongation of 15%, an electric conductivity of 45%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor, which comprises aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder; wherein the aluminum rare earth alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass (weight): 12.00 percent of Ce,0.10 percent of Mg,0.50 percent of Y,0.20 percent of Zr,0.10 percent of Er,0.10 percent of Pr,0.10 percent of La,0.05 percent of Fe,0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.10 percent of other impurities and the balance of aluminum; the grain size distribution of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder is 25-70 mu m, and the average grain size is 55.6 mu m; the graphene powder has the sheet diameter of about 150nm, the layer thickness of about 5nm, the number of layers less than 10, and the mass percent of the graphene powder is 1.0%.
Mixing aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder, carrying out low-energy ball milling under the protection of argon, wherein the ball milling speed is 100rpm, the ball-material ratio is 8, and carrying out batch-type forward and reverse rotation ball milling for 20 hours to obtain uniform mixed powder.
And (3) rapidly melting, solidifying and forming the mixed powder by utilizing a selective laser melting and forming technology with the laser power of 200W, the scanning speed of 1500mm/s, the scanning interval of 120 mu m and the powder layer thickness of 40 mu m to obtain the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor.
The test shows that the density is more than 99.5 percent and the density is 2.83g/cm 3 Room temperature yield strength of 312MPa, tensile strength of 476MPa, elongation of 5%, room temperature conductivity of 35% IACS, volumetric wear rate of 5.989X 10 -4 mm 3 V (N.min), volumetric wear rate with pure aluminum (102.9X 10) -4 mm 3 /(N · min)) by about 94%. Yield strength of 331MPa, tensile strength of 412MPa, elongation of 20%, and electrical conductivity of 42% IACS at 400 ℃ or higher.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor, which comprises aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder; wherein the aluminum rare earth alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass (weight): 10.00 percent of Ce, 0.60 percent of Mg, 1.00 percent of Y, 0.50 percent of Zr, 0.50 percent of Er, 0.30 percent of Pr, 0.30 percent of La,0.05 percent of Fe,0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.10 percent of other impurities and the balance of aluminum; the grain size distribution of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder is 15-60 mu m, and the average grain size is 40.7 mu m; the diameter of each graphene powder sheet is about 200nm, the thickness of each graphene powder layer is about 5nm, and the mass percentage of the graphene powder is 1.5%.
Mixing aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder, carrying out low-energy ball milling under the protection of argon, wherein the ball milling speed is 300rpm, the ball-material ratio is 2.
And (3) rapidly melting, solidifying and forming the mixed powder by utilizing a selective laser melting and forming technology with the laser power of 400W, the scanning speed of 600mm/s, the scanning interval of 90 mu m and the powder layer thickness of 10 mu m to obtain the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor.
The test shows that the density is more than 99.1 percent and the density is 2.82g/cm 3 Room temperature yield strength 323MPa, tensile strength 488MPa, elongation 8%, room temperature conductivity 31% IACS, volumetric wear rate 6.436X 10 -4 mm 3 /(N.min), volumetric wear rate with pure aluminum (102.9X 10) -4 mm 3 /(N · min)) by about 93%. At 400 ℃ or higher, a yield strength of 317MPa, a tensile strength of 407MPa, an elongation of 20%, and an electric conductivity of 35%.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor, which comprises aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder; wherein the aluminum rare earth alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass (weight): 10.00 percent of Ce, 0.40 percent of Mg, 1.50 percent of Y,0.20 percent of Zr, 0.30 percent of Er,0.10 percent of Pr, 0.50 percent of La,0.05 percent of Fe,0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.10 percent of other impurities and the balance of aluminum; the grain size distribution of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder is 20-55 mu m, and the average grain size is 48.3 mu m; the diameter of each graphene powder sheet is about 230nm, the thickness of each layer is about 10nm, and the mass percentage of the graphene powder is 2.0%.
Mixing aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder, carrying out low-energy ball milling under the protection of argon, wherein the ball milling speed is 100rpm, the ball-material ratio is 6.
And (3) rapidly melting, solidifying and forming the mixed powder by using a selective laser melting and forming technology, wherein the laser power is 320W, the scanning speed is 1350mm/s, the scanning interval is 120 microns, and the thickness of the powder layer is 50 microns to obtain the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor.
The test shows that the density is more than 98.9 percent and the density is 2.76g/cm 3 Room temperature yield strength of 299MPa and tensile strength of452MPa, elongation 8%, room temperature conductivity 30% IACS, volume wear rate 8.765X 10 -4 mm 3 V (N.min), volumetric wear rate with pure aluminum (102.9X 10) -4 mm 3 /(N.min)) by about 91%. An IACS content of 38% at 400 ℃ or higher, yield strength of 359MPa, tensile strength of 377MPa, elongation of 21%.
The foregoing description has described specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The above-described preferred features may be used in any combination without conflict with each other.
Claims (10)
1. The graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 98-99.9% of aluminum rare earth alloy powder and 0.1-2% of graphene powder.
2. The graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum rare earth alloy powder comprises, in mass percent: 8.00 percent, 10.00 percent, 12.00 percent of Ce,0.10 to 0.60 percent of Mg,0.50 percent, 1.00 percent, 1.50 percent, 2.00 percent of Y,0.20 to 0.50 percent of Zr,0.10 percent, 0.30 percent, 0.50 percent of Er,0.10 to 0.50 percent of Pr,0.10 to 0.50 percent of La,0.05 percent of Fe,0.15 percent of Si, less than 0.10 percent of impurities and the balance of aluminum.
3. The graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size distribution of the aluminum-rare earth alloy powder is 15-70 μm, and the sphericity is greater than 99%.
4. The graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor according to claim 1, wherein the graphene powder has a sheet diameter of 150 to 350nm and a thickness of 5 to 10nm.
5. The graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor of claim 1, wherein the number of layers of the graphene powder is less than 10.
6. The preparation method of the graphene reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising:
carrying out low-energy ball milling mixing on aluminum rare earth alloy powder and graphene powder under a first protective atmosphere to obtain uniform mixed powder, wherein the graphene powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder in the mixed powder;
and rapidly solidifying and forming the mixed powder in a second protective atmosphere by using a selective laser melting forming technology to obtain the graphene reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material conductor.
7. The preparation method of the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor according to claim 6, wherein the low-energy ball-milling mixing of the aluminum rare earth alloy powder and the graphene powder under a first protective atmosphere comprises: the ball milling speed is 100-300 rpm, the intermittent positive and negative rotation ball milling time is 5-20h, and the ball material ratio is 2.
8. The preparation method of the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor according to claim 6, wherein the rapid solidification and forming of the mixed powder under a second protective atmosphere by using a selective laser melting and forming technology comprises: the laser power is 150-400W, the spot diameter is 70-110 μm, the scanning speed is 600-1500 mm/s, a checkerboard scanning strategy is adopted, the scanning distance is 90-130 μm, and the powder layer height is 10-50 μm.
9. The preparation method of the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor according to claim 6, characterized in thatThe method is characterized in that the mixed powder is rapidly solidified and formed under a second protective atmosphere by utilizing a selective laser melting forming technology, and comprises the following steps: subjecting the mixed powder to a second protective atmosphere at a temperature greater than 10 deg.C 4 -10 6 And solidifying and forming at the cooling speed of K/s.
10. The preparation method of the graphene-reinforced nano bicontinuous wear-resistant aluminum-based composite conductor according to claim 6, wherein the first protective atmosphere is argon; the second protective atmosphere is any one of argon, nitrogen, helium and neon.
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| CN116445780A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-18 | 广东鸿邦金属铝业有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-strength aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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