CN115812726B - 一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物 - Google Patents
一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115812726B CN115812726B CN202211575655.2A CN202211575655A CN115812726B CN 115812726 B CN115812726 B CN 115812726B CN 202211575655 A CN202211575655 A CN 202211575655A CN 115812726 B CN115812726 B CN 115812726B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,该组合物中有效活性成分为氟噁唑酰胺和沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂,其中氟噁唑酰胺和沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂的质量比为30:1‑1:30;所述所述氟噁唑酰胺和沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂在农药组合物中的质量百分含量为0.5%‑90%,所述杀虫组合物的剂型为可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、悬浮剂、可分散油悬浮剂、悬乳剂、可溶粉剂等。该杀虫组合物对农业害虫具有一定的增效作用,能够提高防效,降低成本,并且可以有效延缓害虫抗药性的产生,保护环境。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药复配技术领域,具体涉及一种含有氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物。
背景技术
氟噁唑酰胺,英文通用名:fluxametamide,是日产化学株式会社开发的异噁唑类杀虫剂,作用机理为γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)门控氯离子通道别构调节剂,主要用于蔬菜、果树、棉花、茶树等作物,防治蓟马、粉虱、潜叶蝇、甲虫、红蜘蛛、锈螨等害虫和害螨。
沙蚕毒素类(nereistoxin)杀虫剂是20世纪60年代开发兴起的一种新型有机合成仿生杀虫剂,属烟碱乙酰胆碱受体抑制剂,作用于昆虫神经***的突触体,使得昆虫神经冲动受阻于突触部位而最终死亡。沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂具有广谱、高效、低毒等特点,而且作用方式多样,除具有很强的胃毒作用外,还有触杀、拒食和内吸作用,对鳞翅目、鞘翅目和双翅目的多种害虫有较好的防治效果,现已被广泛用于水稻、蔬菜和果树等多种农作物上害虫的防治。沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂,主要包括杀螟丹、杀虫单、杀虫环等。
在农业生产实践过程中,农药的使用,为农业生产带来巨大效益的同时,也会带来一定的问题,其中害虫抗药性的产生是主要问题之一。在具体的化学防治过程中,由于某种制剂长期单一使用,容易使害虫产生不同程度的抗药性,并且会造成农药使用剂量的增加,污染环境,增加成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含有氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,用于对农业害虫的防治。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是这样解决的:
一种含有氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有两种活性成分,第一活性成分为氟噁唑酰胺,第二活性成分为沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂杀虫单、杀虫环、杀螟丹中的一种;
第一活性成分与第二活性成分的重量比为1:30~30:1,优选为1:20~20:1;含量之和为所述组合物总重量的0.5%~90%。
本发明一种含有氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物按照本技术领域技术人员所公知的方法可以配制成农业上允许的多种剂型。
本发明农药组合物制备成的各种应用剂型中,除了有效活性成分外,还包括不同农药剂型中允许使用和可以接受的各种辅助成分。
所述的辅助成分包括但不限于乳化剂、分散剂、润湿剂、溶剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、崩解剂、增效剂、防腐剂和填料等,都是农药制剂中常用或允许使用的成分,并无特别限定,具体成分和用量根据配方要求通过试验确定。
所述乳化剂可以为农药剂型领域所公知的各种乳化剂,该乳化剂可以为苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙稀醚、烷基芳基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、甘油月桂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙烯基苯基聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯基醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯甲醛缩合物、十二烷基磺酸钙、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚丁二酸单酯磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯磷酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺化琥珀酸酯中的一种或多种。
所述分散剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种分散剂,该分散剂可以为烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚硫酸盐、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯基醚嵌段共聚物、木质素磺酸钠、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠(分散剂NNO)、木质素磺酸钙、聚羧酸盐、亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、亚甲基双甲基萘磺酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、烷酰胺基牛磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸缩聚物钠盐、亚甲基双萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物中的一种或多种。
所述润湿剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种润湿剂,该润湿剂可以为烷基萘磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、仲烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚乙二醇醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、烷基萘甲醛缩合物、烷基萘磺酸盐和其他润湿剂中的一种或多种。
所述溶剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种溶剂,该溶剂可以为水、甲醇、乙醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、四氢糠醇、甲苯、二甲苯、二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃、环己酮、正丁醇、异丙醇、溶剂油100号、150号、180号、200号中的一种或多种。
所述防冻剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种防冻剂,该防冻剂可以为乙二醇、丙二醇丙三醇、二甘醇、尿素、无机盐中一种或几种。
所述消泡剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种消泡剂,该消泡剂可以为硅酮类化合物、环氧大豆油、乳化硅油、脂肪醇中的一种或几种。
所述增稠剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种增稠剂,该增稠剂可以为黄原胶、聚乙烯醇、海藻酸钠、***树胶、硅酸镁铝中的一种或多种。
所述崩解剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种崩解剂,该崩解剂可以为硫酸铵、羧甲基淀粉钠、尿素、低取代羟丙基纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联聚维酮、海藻酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氯化钠中的一种或多种。
所述载体可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种载体,该载体可以为葡萄糖、白炭黑、高岭土、硅藻土、轻质碳酸钙、重质碳酸钙、凹凸棒土、可溶性淀粉、尿素、麦芽糖、蔗糖、柠檬酸、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、无水硫酸钠中的一种或多种。
所述防腐剂可以为农药制剂领域所公知的各种防腐剂,该防腐剂可以为卡松,苯甲酸钠,苯甲酸,山梨酸钾、甲醛中的一种或多种。
所述的去离子水为工业化去离子水。
本发明所达到的技术效果:
1、本发明两种活性化合物复配,在一定的混配比例下,对多种害虫具有显著的增效作用;
2、两种化合物具有不同的作用机理,能够有效延缓害虫抗药性的产生,延长药剂使用寿命;
3、减少药剂使用量,降低成本,保护环境。
具体实施方式
下面通过室内毒力测定来说明氟噁唑酰胺分别与杀螟丹、杀虫单、杀虫环混配对多种害虫的联合作用。
1、氟噁唑酰胺与杀螟丹混配对甜菜夜蛾的联合作用测定
试验方法参考《农药室内生物测定试验准则 杀虫剂 第14部分:浸叶法》。首先将原药用有机溶剂配置成5个系列浓度的药液备用,将甘蓝叶片制成大小一致的叶段,浸入药液中10s后取出,晾干后置于培养皿,每个培养皿中接入生长一致的幼虫10头,然后置于温度24-29℃,湿度82%的条件下正常培养。每处理4次重复,设清水处理为空白对照。48h后检查试虫死亡情况,以试虫不能活动为标准调查死亡情况,记录总虫数,死虫数,计算死亡率。
死亡率(%)=死亡虫数/处理总虫数×100
校正死亡率(%)=(处理死亡率-空白对照死亡率)/(1-空白对照死亡率)×100
对照死亡率<5%,无需校正;对照死亡率在5%~20%之间,需校正;对照死亡率>20%,试验需重做。
采用共毒系数法评价本发明组合物对甜菜夜蛾的联合作用,共毒系数>120表示为增效作用,共毒系数在80~120之间表示为相加作用,共毒系数<80表示为拮抗作用。
表1 氟噁唑酰胺与杀螟丹混配对甜菜夜蛾的毒力测定结果
2、氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫单混配对稻纵卷叶螟的联合作用测定
试验方法为浸叶法,同具体实施方式1。
表2 氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫单混配对稻纵卷叶螟的毒力测定结果
3、氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫环混配对白粉虱的联合作用测定
试验方法参考《农药室内生物测定试验准则 杀虫剂 第9部分 喷雾法》。首先将原药用有机溶剂配置成5个系列浓度的药液备用,将potter喷雾塔依照标准调整好喷雾压力,喷雾头先用丙酮清洗2次,再用蒸馏水清洗2次备用。用毛笔选取生理状态一致的白粉虱10头放入培养皿中,然后将培养皿置于potter喷雾塔底盘进行喷雾,喷液量为ml,在药液沉降1min后取出试虫,在正常条件下即温度为25℃,湿度为70%,光照周期为L:D=(16:8)h进行饲养。每处理4次重复,设清水处理为空白对照。48h后检查死虫数,记录总虫数和死虫数,用毛笔拨动虫体,以试虫完全不动视为死亡。
同样采用共毒系数法评价氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫环混配对白粉虱的联合作用,计算方法及评价方法同具体实施方式1。
表3 氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫环混配对白粉虱的毒力测定结果
4、氟噁唑酰胺与杀螟丹混配对棉铃虫的联合作用测定
试验方法为浸叶法,同具体实施方式1。
表4 氟噁唑酰胺与杀螟丹混配对棉铃虫的毒力测定结果
5、氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫单混配对水稻二化螟的联合作用测定
试验方法为浸叶法,同具体实施方式1。
表5 氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫单混配对水稻二化螟的毒力测定结果
6、氟噁唑酰胺与杀螟丹混配对小菜蛾的联合作用测定
试验方法为浸叶法,同具体实施方式1。
表6 氟噁唑酰胺与杀螟丹混配对小菜蛾的毒力测定结果
7、氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫环混配对稻飞虱的联合作用测定
试验方法参考《农药室内生物测定试验准则 杀虫剂 第11部分 稻茎浸渍法》。首先将原药用有机溶剂配置成5个系列浓度的药液,再选取健壮一致的分蘖期至孕穗初期的稻株,剪成15cm长的连根稻茎,三株一组备用。首先药剂处理,将准备好的稻茎在配置好的药液中浸渍30s,然后取出晾干。用湿的脱脂棉包住根部保湿,再包上保鲜膜保湿,每组放入试管中。然后在再接虫,用吸虫器吸取生长一致的三龄幼虫放入试管中,每管15头,当幼虫全部爬上稻茎或试管壁时竖立试管,剔除损伤个体,补足15头。最后将管口用纱布包住,置于正常条件温度为25℃,湿度为70%,光照周期为L:D=(16:8)h进行饲养,每处理4次重复,设清水处理为空白对照。48h后检查死虫数,记录总虫数和死虫数,用毛笔拨动虫体,以试虫完全不动视为死亡。
同样采用共毒系数法评价氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫环混配对稻飞虱的联合作用,计算方法及评价方法同具体实施方式1。
表7 氟噁唑酰胺与杀虫环混配对稻飞虱的毒力测定结果
下面结合制剂实施例对本发明内容作进一步说明。
制剂实施例1
氟噁唑酰胺5%、杀螟丹75%、烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯4%、烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磺酸钠3%、烷基萘磺酸钠2%、白炭黑4%,陶土加至100%重量份。上述原料经混合,气流粉碎后制得80%氟噁唑酰胺·杀螟丹可湿性粉剂。
制剂实施例2
氟噁唑酰胺8%、杀螟丹80%、木质素磺酸钠2%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯2%、木质素磺酸钠1.5%、烷基萘磺酸钠0.5%、滑石粉2%,高岭土加至100%重量份。上述原料经混合,气流粉碎后制得88%氟噁唑酰胺·杀螟丹可湿性粉剂。
制剂实施例3
氟噁唑酰胺5%、杀虫单75%、GY-D06 4%、木质素磺酸钠3%、二丁基萘磺酸钠2%、十二烷基硫酸钠3%,轻钙加至100%重量份。上述原料经常规制取水分散粒剂的方法即混合、超微气流粉碎、混合、造粒步骤制取80%氟噁唑酰胺·杀虫单水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例4
氟噁唑酰胺5%、杀虫环50%、木质素磺酸钠5%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯3.5%、木质素磺酸钠3%、烷基萘磺酸钠2.5%、滑石粉3%,高岭土加至100%重量份。上述原料经混合,气流粉碎后制得55%氟噁唑酰胺·杀虫环可湿性粉剂。
生物实施例1:防治甜菜夜蛾田间药效试验。
发明人于2022年进行了制剂实施例1、制剂实施例2、制剂实施例3、制剂实施例4以及对照药剂防治甜菜夜蛾田间药效试验,验证了该药剂对甜菜夜蛾的防治效果及对甜菜的安全性。
试验作物为甘蓝,防治对象为甜菜夜蛾。每小区20m2,每处理4次重复,小区区组随机排列,施药时期为甘蓝莲座期,共施药1次,喷雾量约510L/hm2,施药方法采用常规喷雾法,于甘蓝茎叶常规喷雾,采用清水处理为空白对照。喷药前每小区5点取样,每点选择2株甘蓝挂牌,调查虫口基数。施药后1d、3d、7d调查固定甘蓝上的残存虫量,计算虫口减退率和校正防效。
药效计算方法:
虫口减退率(%)=(施药前虫数-施药后虫数)/施药前虫数×100
防治效果(%)=(对照区虫口减退率-处理区虫口减退率)/(100-对照区虫口减退率)×100
表8 对甜菜夜蛾田间药效试验结果
田间药效试验结果表明,药后3天,制剂实施例1、制剂实施例2、制剂实施例3、制剂实施例4对甜菜夜蛾的防效达到了85%以上,药后14天达到了90%以上,速效性好,持效期长,并且复配制剂的防效都高于对照药剂单剂,说明该复配药剂对甜菜夜蛾具有明显的防治效果。
试验期间观察,所有供试药剂对甘蓝生长安全,无药害现象发生。
生物实施例2:防治水稻二化螟田间药效试验。
发明人于2022年进行了制剂实施例1、制剂实施例2、制剂实施例3、制剂实施例4防治水稻二化螟田间药效试验,验证了该药剂对水稻二化螟的防治效果及对水稻的安全性。
试验作物为水稻,防治对象为水稻二化螟。每小区20m2,每处理4次重复,小区区组随机排列。施药时间为水稻二化螟2-3龄幼虫盛发期,共施药一次,施药方法采用常规喷雾法,在施药后3d、7d调查防治效果,每个小区沿对角线调查5个点,每点调查20丛,合计调查100丛水稻,记录调查水稻株数、螟害株数,剥查记录活虫数,计算杀虫效果。
药效计算方法:
防虫效果(%)=(对照区活虫数-处理区活虫数)/对照区活虫数×100;
枯心(白穗)率(%)=枯心(白穗)数/调查总株(穗)数×100;
表9 对水稻二化螟田间药效试验结果
田间药效试验结果表明,药后7天,制剂实施例1、制剂实施例2、制剂实施例3、制剂实施例4对水稻二化螟的防效达到了88%以上,药后14天,防效达到86%以上,速效性和持效性都表现良好,并且复配制剂的防效都高于对照药剂单剂,复配制剂枯心率都低于对照药剂以及空白,说明该复配药剂对水稻二化螟具有明显的防治效果。
试验期间观察,所有供试药剂对水稻生长安全,无药害现象发生。
综上,本发明在具体的农业生产实践中有很大的应用价值。
Claims (8)
1.一种含有氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,其特征在于:所述杀虫组合物包含活性成分A和活性成分B,活性成分A为氟噁唑酰胺,活性成分B为沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂,所述沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂为选***螟丹、杀虫单、杀虫环中的一种,活性成分A和活性成分B的重量比为30:1-1:30。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,其特征在于:所述活性成分A和活性成分B的重量比为20:1-1:20。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,其特征在于:所述沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂为杀螟丹。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,其特征在于:所述杀虫组合物中活性成分A和活性成分B重量之和占杀虫组合物总重量的质量百分比为0.5%~90%,余量为农业上可以接受的载体和助剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物,其特征在于:所述杀虫组合物制备的剂型为可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、悬浮剂、可分散油悬浮剂、悬乳剂、可溶粉剂。
6.权利要求1所述的一种含氟噁唑酰胺的杀虫组合物的在防治农业害虫上的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:所述农业害虫为鳞翅目害虫、同翅目害虫。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于:所述鳞翅目害虫为:甜菜夜蛾、稻纵卷叶螟、棉铃虫、水稻二化螟、小菜蛾,同翅目害虫为稻飞虱。
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