CN115811174B - Magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery - Google Patents
Magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN115811174B CN115811174B CN202310092176.3A CN202310092176A CN115811174B CN 115811174 B CN115811174 B CN 115811174B CN 202310092176 A CN202310092176 A CN 202310092176A CN 115811174 B CN115811174 B CN 115811174B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery, which comprises a shell, wherein the shell comprises an inner shell part, an outer shell part and an end shell part, and the inner shell part, the outer shell part and the end shell part are enclosed to form a closed flywheel chamber; the flywheel rotor is arranged in the flywheel cavity and is arranged in a hollow mode and sleeved on the inner shell part; the two magnetic bearing components are sleeved on the inner shell part and are symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the flywheel rotor in the radial direction; the flywheel motor comprises a motor rotor and a motor stator, the motor rotor is embedded at the first end and/or the second end of the flywheel rotor in the axial direction, and the motor stator is embedded at the position of the end shell part corresponding to the motor rotor. The flywheel motor is arranged at the first end and/or the second end of the flywheel rotor in the axial direction so as to improve the specific energy and the specific power of the flywheel battery.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of flywheel batteries, in particular to a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery.
Background
A flywheel battery is a power or energy type energy storage device that realizes interconversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy using a reciprocal type bidirectional motor (motor/generator). Compared with other energy storage devices, the flywheel battery has the advantages of high efficiency, high power density, high charging and discharging speed, unlimited charging and discharging times, no relation between energy storage and ambient temperature, no harmful substance generation in the operation process, almost no need of maintenance, high reliability, no influence of charging and discharging depth on the service life, long service life and the like.
The flywheel battery is widely applied to the engineering fields of new energy automobiles, communication, wind power generation, smart power grids, aerospace and the like, can provide a solution for the problem of grid connection difficulty of wind power and solar power stations, can prolong the effective power generation time of the new energy power stations, enables the new energy power stations to have certain peak regulation capacity, improves the stability and the schedulability of the power grids, and is most suitable for the energy storage requirements of high power, short-time discharge or frequent charge and discharge.
The kinetic energy of the flywheel battery when the flywheel rotor rotates is the stored energy of the flywheel battery, and how to improve the stored energy of the flywheel battery is a technical problem in the field of flywheel batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the problems in the related art, the present disclosure provides a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery.
The present disclosure proposes a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery, which includes:
the shell comprises an inner shell part, an outer shell part and an end shell part, wherein the inner shell part and the outer shell part are cylindrical, the inner shell part is arranged in the outer shell part, and the end shell part hermetically connects the side edges of the inner shell part opposite to the side edges of the outer shell part; the inner shell part, the outer shell part and the end shell part enclose to form a closed flywheel chamber;
the flywheel rotor is arranged in the flywheel cavity, and the flywheel rotor is arranged in a hollow manner and sleeved on the inner shell part; the flywheel rotor comprises a first end and a second end along the axial direction of the flywheel rotor;
the two magnetic bearing components are sleeved on the inner shell part and are symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the flywheel rotor in the radial direction, and the two magnetic bearing components are used for controlling the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor;
the flywheel motor comprises a motor rotor and a motor stator, the motor rotor is embedded at the first end and/or the second end of the flywheel rotor, and the motor stator is embedded at the position, corresponding to the motor rotor, of the end shell part.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the magnetic bearing assembly includes a stator core and a plurality of magnetic poles disposed on an outer end surface of the stator core, and the magnetic poles are respectively wound with an excitation coil;
inclined parts are respectively arranged at the positions of the flywheel rotor corresponding to the two magnetic bearing assemblies, one ends of the magnetic poles close to the inclined parts are respectively provided with a matching part, the inclined parts are correspondingly arranged with the matching parts, and a first air gap is formed between the inclined parts and the matching parts;
the plurality of magnetic poles are used for exerting electromagnetic force on the flywheel rotor through the cooperation portion when the excitation coil is electrified, and the inclined portion is used for decomposing the electromagnetic force into first electromagnetic force along the flywheel rotor axial direction and second electromagnetic force along the flywheel rotor radial direction.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flywheel rotor includes a rotor body, and the inclined portion is inclined from an inner wall surface of the rotor body toward a direction away from a center line of an axial direction of the rotor body.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the angled portion includes an inner tapered surface and the mating portion includes an outer tapered surface, the inner tapered surface being parallel to the outer tapered surface.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, axial permanent magnet rotors are embedded in the first end and the second end, and an axial permanent magnet stator is disposed in a position of the end casing portion corresponding to the axial permanent magnet rotors;
the axial permanent magnet rotor and the axial permanent magnet stator corresponding to the axial permanent magnet rotor have the same magnetism;
and a second air gap is formed between the axial permanent magnet rotor and the corresponding axial permanent magnet stator.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flywheel rotor includes a first flywheel rotor portion and a second flywheel rotor portion, the first flywheel rotor portion being disposed on an outer wall of the second flywheel rotor portion; the axial permanent magnet rotor and the motor rotor are embedded on the first flywheel rotor part; the inclined part is arranged on the inner wall of the second flywheel rotor part;
the first flywheel rotor part is made of composite materials, and the second flywheel rotor part is made of metal materials.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, two landing bearings are disposed on the inner housing portion, the two landing bearings corresponding to the two magnetic bearing assemblies, the two landing bearings being located between the two magnetic bearing assemblies, or the two magnetic bearing assemblies being located between the two landing bearings;
a third air gap is formed between the landing bearing and the flywheel rotor in a radial direction of the flywheel rotor, the third air gap being smaller than a dimension of the first air gap in the radial direction;
a fourth air gap is formed between the landing bearing and the flywheel rotor in an axial direction of the flywheel rotor, the fourth air gap being smaller than the second air gap.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the inner housing portion includes a first inner housing portion and a second inner housing portion along an axial direction of the flywheel rotor, two of the magnetic bearing assemblies are disposed on the first inner housing portion and the second inner housing portion, respectively, and two of the landing bearings are disposed on the first inner housing portion and the second inner housing portion, respectively;
the first inner shell part is connected with the second inner shell part through a corrugated pipe.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flywheel chamber is a vacuum chamber.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a heat dissipation device is further disposed on a side of the inner shell portion facing away from the flywheel cavity;
and/or the flywheel cavity is filled with heat-conducting gas.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects: according to the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery, the flywheel rotor is arranged into the hollow outer rotor to improve the rotational inertia of the flywheel, and the magnetic bearing assembly is arranged to realize magnetic suspension supporting of the flywheel rotor to improve the rotating angular speed of the flywheel rotor, so that the stored energy of the flywheel battery is improved, and the high energy storage requirement of the flywheel battery is met. Meanwhile, the flywheel motor is arranged at the first end and/or the second end of the flywheel rotor in the axial direction, so that the size of the flywheel battery is reduced, the weight of the flywheel battery is reduced, and the specific energy and the specific power of the flywheel battery are improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery configuration shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery configuration in accordance with another exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery shown in accordance with another exemplary embodiment.
Wherein: 1-a shell; 11-a housing part; 12-an inner shell portion; 121-bellows; 122-a first inner housing portion; 123-a second inner housing part; 13-an end shell portion; 14-a flywheel chamber; 2-a flywheel rotor; 21-a first end; 22-a second end; 23-an inclined portion; 24-a rotor body; 231-inner conical surface; 201-a first flywheel rotor portion; 202-a second flywheel rotor portion; 3-a magnetic bearing component; 31-a stator core; 32-magnetic pole; 321-a mating portion; 3211-outer conical surface; 33-a first air gap; 34-an excitation coil; 4-flywheel motor; 41-a motor rotor; 42-a motor stator; 5-axial permanent magnet rotor; 51-a second air gap; 6-axial permanent magnet stator; 7-a landing bearing; 71-a third air gap; 72-a fourth air gap; 8-a displacement sensor; 9-cushion block; 10-a heat sink; 101-the centerline of the radial direction; 102-center line of the axial direction.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The kinetic energy of the flywheel rotor in the flywheel battery when rotating is the energy stored in the flywheel battery. How to improve the energy storage of the flywheel battery is a technical problem in the field of flywheel batteries.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery, where the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery of this embodiment includes a casing, the casing includes an inner casing portion, an outer casing portion, and an end casing portion, the inner casing portion is disposed inside the outer casing portion, and the end casing portion connects the inner casing portion and the outer casing portion at opposite sides in a sealing manner; the inner shell part, the outer shell part and the end shell part are enclosed to form a closed flywheel cavity; the flywheel rotor is arranged in the flywheel cavity and is arranged in a hollow mode and sleeved on the inner shell portion. The two magnetic bearing components are sleeved on the inner shell part and are symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the radial direction of the flywheel rotor. The magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery further comprises at least one flywheel motor, the flywheel motor comprises a motor rotor and a motor stator, the motor rotor is embedded at the first end and/or the second end of the flywheel rotor in the axial direction, and the motor stator is embedded at the position, corresponding to the motor rotor, of the end shell portion. According to the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery, the flywheel rotor is arranged into the hollow outer rotor to improve the rotational inertia of the flywheel, and the magnetic suspension support of the flywheel rotor is realized by arranging the magnetic bearing assembly to improve the rotating angular speed of the flywheel rotor, so that the stored energy of the flywheel battery is improved, and the high energy storage requirement of the flywheel battery is met. Meanwhile, the flywheel motor is arranged at the first end and/or the second end of the flywheel rotor in the axial direction, so that the size of the flywheel battery is reduced, the weight of the flywheel battery is reduced, and the specific energy and the specific power of the flywheel battery are improved.
The technical solutions of the embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the following embodiments and implementations may be combined with each other without conflict. Here, it should be noted that, referring to fig. 1, only a first partial structure of a half-sectional view of the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage battery is shown in fig. 1, a second partial structure is not shown in fig. 1, and the first partial structure and the second partial structure are symmetrically arranged up and down (with respect to the orientation shown in fig. 1) with respect to a center line 102 in the axial direction shown in fig. 1 as a symmetry axis.
According to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery, and the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery of the present embodiment can be applied to the fields of new energy vehicles, communication, wind power generation, smart grid, aerospace, and the like. The magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery comprises a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 comprises an inner shell part 12, an outer shell part 11 and an end shell part 13, the inner shell part 12 and the outer shell part 11 are cylindrical, the inner shell part 12 is arranged inside the outer shell part 11, and the end shell part 13 connects the inner shell part 12 and the side edge, opposite to the outer shell part 11, in a sealing manner. Referring to the orientation shown in FIG. 1, end housing portion 13 includes a right end housing connecting the right side of inner housing portion 12 to the right side of outer housing portion 11 and a left end housing connecting the left side of inner housing portion 12 to the left side of outer housing portion 11.
The outer shell portion 11, the inner shell portion 12 and the end shell portion 13 of the present embodiment may be connected by snap-fit, plug-in, standard, etc. The outer shell 11, the inner shell 12 or the end shell 13 may be a complete shell or may be formed by splicing a plurality of shells, and the inner shell 12, the outer shell 11 and the end shell 13 enclose a closed flywheel cavity 14. The inner shell 12 may be provided separately from the end shell 13, or a part of the inner shell 12 may be integrally formed with the end shell 13. In one example, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the inner shell portion 12 includes a first inner shell portion 122 and a second inner shell portion 123, the first inner shell portion 122 and the second inner shell portion 123 are respectively connected to two sides of the end shell portion 13, two ends of the first inner shell portion 122 and the second inner shell portion 123 are integrally formed with the end shell portion 13 to form an end shell, and a flexible connection is implemented between the first inner shell portion 122 and the second inner shell portion 123 through a bellows 121 to reduce a connection stress between the first inner shell portion 122 and the second inner shell portion 123 and avoid an over-constrained situation. The end shell and the outer shell 11 are hermetically connected with the bellows 121 and enclose to form a flywheel chamber 14. The structures of the outer shell 11, the inner shell 12 and the end shell 13 are not limited, and the structures of the outer shell 11, the inner shell 12 and the end shell 13 can be designed flexibly according to the comprehensive consideration of the difficulty of the production process, the production cost and the like.
Magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery still includes flywheel rotor 2, flywheel rotor 2 sets up in flywheel cavity 14, flywheel rotor 2 is hollow setting, for example for hollow cylinder, flywheel rotor 2 cover is established on shell portion 12, and flywheel rotor 2's outer wall extends to the direction that is close to shell portion 11 along its radial direction, and has the clearance between flywheel rotor 2's outer wall and the inner wall of shell portion 11, in order to avoid flywheel rotor 2 to collide with shell portion 11 when flywheel cavity 14 internal rotation.
According to the energy storage formula of the flywheel battery:
wherein:Estored energy for the flywheel battery;Jis the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor 2;ωis the angular velocity of rotation of the flywheel rotor 2. It is understood that increasing the rotational angular velocity of the flywheel rotor 2 and increasing the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor 2 are necessary to increase the stored energy of the flywheel battery. Whereas the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor 2 is related to the shape of the flywheel rotor 2 and the weight of the flywheel rotor 2. The flywheel rotor 2 is generally cylindrical, and the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor 2, which is a solid cylinder, differs from that of the flywheel rotor 2, which is a hollow cylinder.
Wherein the flywheel rotor 2 of solid cylinder has a moment of inertia of
Wherein:J y the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor 2 in the y-axis (the axial direction of the solid cylinder) is a solid cylinder,mthe mass of the flywheel rotor 2 being a solid cylinder,Rradius of the flywheel rotor 2 being a solid cylinder. Moment of inertia of flywheel rotor 2 in the form of a solid cylinderJMass of flywheel rotor 2 with solid cylindermProportional to the radius of the flywheel rotor 2 in the form of a solid cylinderRIs proportional to the square of.
Wherein the flywheel rotor 2 has a hollow cylindrical rotary inertia of
Wherein:J y the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor 2 in the y axis (the axial direction of the hollow cylinder), m is the mass of the flywheel rotor 2,Rthe radius of the outer circle of the flywheel rotor 2 which is a hollow cylinder,rthe radius of the inner circle of the flywheel rotor 2 being a hollow cylinder. Moment of inertia of the hollow-cylindrical flywheel rotor 2JMass of flywheel rotor 2 with hollow cylindermProportional to the outer radius of the flywheel rotor 2RRadius of inner circlerIs proportional to the sum of the squares of. Therefore, under the condition of certain mass, the structure that the flywheel rotor 2 is arranged into the hollow cylindrical outer rotor can increase the rotational inertia of the flywheel rotor 2, so that the stored energy of the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery is improved.
The magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery of the embodiment further comprises two magnetic bearing assemblies 3, the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 are sleeved on the inner shell 12, and the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 are symmetrically arranged about a center line 101 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the radial direction. Note that the length line of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction thereof has a midpoint, and the center line 101 in the radial direction extends in the radial direction and passes through the midpoint of the length line in the axial direction. In one example, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 are disposed on the first and second inner housing portions 122 and 123, respectively. Two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 are used to control the axial and radial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2. Radial positioning and axial positioning are carried out on the flywheel rotor 2 through the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3, so that magnetic suspension supporting of the flywheel rotor 2 is achieved, friction force in the rotation process of the flywheel rotor 2 can be reduced, the rotation angular speed of the flywheel rotor 2 is improved, stored energy of a flywheel battery is further improved, and the high energy storage requirement of the flywheel battery is met.
The magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery of the embodiment further comprises at least one flywheel motor 4, and the flywheel motor 4 of the embodiment is, for example, a disc motor. The flywheel motor 4 of the present embodiment includes a motor rotor 41 and a motor stator 42, the motor rotor 41 is embedded in the first end 21 and/or the second end 22 of the flywheel rotor 2, and the motor stator 42 is embedded in the end housing portion 13 at a position corresponding to the motor rotor 41. According to the above calculation formula of the rotational inertia of the flywheel rotor 2, the rotational inertia of the flywheel rotor 2 and the axial length of the flywheel rotor 2 can be knownhIndependently, therefore, the thinner the flywheel rotor 2, the more advantageous the reduction in weight of the flywheel rotor 2 and the volume of the flywheel rotor 2. The larger the size of the motor stator 42, the greater the power of the flywheel motor 4. In the embodiment, the flywheel motor 4 is arranged in the axial direction of the flywheel rotor 2, and the motor rotor 41 is embedded in the first end 21 and/or the second end 22 of the flywheel rotor 2, the thickness of the flywheel rotor 2 is not limited by the size of the flywheel motor 4, so that on the premise of keeping the rotational inertia of the flywheel rotor 2 unchanged, the size of the flywheel rotor 2 can be reduced, the weight of the flywheel rotor 2 is reduced, and the specific energy (flywheel stored energy/flywheel mass) and the specific power (flywheel releasable power/flywheel mass) of the flywheel rotor 2 are improved.
The number of flywheel motors 4 of the present embodiment is not limited. In an example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage battery includes two flywheel motors 4, the motor rotors 41 of the two flywheel motors 4 are annularly embedded in the first end 21 and the second end 22 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction, respectively, and the motor stators 42 of the two flywheel motors 4 are embedded in the end shell portion 13 at positions corresponding to the motor rotors 41, respectively. When the flywheel motor 4 works, the motor stator 42 has high axial suction to the motor rotor 41, the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage batteries of the two flywheel motors 4 are arranged, and the axial forces generated by the motor stator 42 to the flywheel rotor 2 are mutually offset. In another example, as shown in fig. 4, the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery includes one flywheel motor 4, the motor rotor 41 of the one flywheel motor 4 is annularly embedded at the first end 21 or the second end 22 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction, and the motor stator 42 is annularly embedded at the position of the end shell portion 13 corresponding to the motor rotor 41. When the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery is horizontally installed (the center line 102 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction is perpendicular to the installation surface in fig. 4), the axial attraction force of the motor stator 42 installed on one side to the motor rotor 41 can be used for balancing part of the gravity of the flywheel rotor 2.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the magnetic bearing assembly 3 includes a stator core 31 and a plurality of magnetic poles 32 disposed on an outer end surface of the stator core 31, and the stator core 31 is sleeved on the inner housing portion 12. The stator core 31 and the magnetic poles 32 of the present embodiment are an integrated structure, the integrated structure of the stator core 31 and the magnetic poles 32 is formed by stacking a plurality of stator laminations, and the plurality of stator laminations are insulated from each other, so that the eddy current loss of the stator core 31 is reduced. In this embodiment, the number of the magnetic poles 32 disposed on the stator core 31 is not limited, the magnetic poles 32 on the stator core 31 generally appear in pairs, the number of the magnetic poles 32 should be not less than four, and the number of the magnetic poles 32 can be determined by comprehensively considering the performance and the production cost of the magnetic bearing assembly 3. The plurality of magnetic poles 32 are respectively wound with an excitation coil 34, and when the excitation coil 34 is energized, the corresponding magnetic pole 32 is magnetized, and the magnetic pole 32 applies a magnetic force to the flywheel rotor 2 after being magnetized.
In the flywheel rotor 2 of the present embodiment, the inclined portions 23 are provided at positions corresponding to the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3, respectively, and the inclination directions of the two inclined portions 23 corresponding to the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 are opposite to each other. The two inclined portions 23 corresponding to the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 may be the same or different in inclination angle and size, and in one example, as shown in fig. 1, 3, and 4, the two inclined portions 23 corresponding to the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 are symmetrically disposed about a center line 101 in the radial direction of the flywheel rotor 2. The inclined portion 23 is provided independently of the flywheel rotor 2 and is connected to the flywheel rotor 2 by snap-fit, adhesive, standard connection, or the like.
One end of each of the plurality of magnetic poles 32 close to the inclined portion 23 is provided with a matching portion 321, the matching portions 321 and the magnetic poles 32 are integrally formed, the inclined portion 23 is arranged corresponding to the matching portions 321, and a first air gap 33 is formed between the inclined portion 23 and the matching portions 321, so that the flywheel rotor 2 rotates in a non-contact manner relative to the magnetic bearing assembly 3. The plurality of magnetic poles 32 are configured to apply electromagnetic force to the flywheel rotor 2 via the matching portion 321 when the excitation coil 34 is energized, the inclined portion 23 provides a point of application for the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic poles 32, the inclined portion 23 is configured to decompose the electromagnetic force into a first electromagnetic force along an axial direction of the flywheel rotor 2 and a second electromagnetic force along a radial direction of the flywheel rotor 2, the first electromagnetic force is configured to maintain a displacement balance of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction, and the second electromagnetic force is configured to maintain a displacement balance of the flywheel rotor 2 in the radial direction.
The magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery of the embodiment can control the displacement balance of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction and the radial direction only through the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3, one magnetic bearing assembly 3 can control two radial degrees of freedom and a half axial degree of freedom in cooperation with the corresponding inclined part 23, then the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 can control five degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor 2 in cooperation with the corresponding inclined part 23, compared with the traditional magnetic suspension supporting structure for controlling the flywheel rotor 2, the axial magnetic bearing is omitted, the axial size of the flywheel rotor 2 is effectively shortened, the internal space of the flywheel cavity 14 occupied by the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction is reduced, the thickness of the flywheel battery is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
The inclination direction of the inclined portion 23 of the present embodiment is not limited as long as the electromagnetic force applied to the magnetic pole 32 can be decomposed into the first electromagnetic force and the second electromagnetic force. In one example, as shown in fig. 2, the flywheel rotor 2 includes a rotor main body 24, and the inclined portion 23 is provided obliquely from an inner wall surface of the rotor main body 24 toward a direction away from a center line 102 of an axial direction of the rotor main body 24. That is, the inclined portion 23 is a section of the flywheel rotor 2 that is tapered in radial dimension. When the flywheel rotor 2 is disposed outside the stator core 31, the inclined portion 23 may simplify the structure of the flywheel rotor 2, simplify the manufacturing process of the flywheel rotor 2, and reduce the manufacturing cost by adopting such an inclined manner.
The inner wall surface of the rotor body 24 defined in the present embodiment is a wall surface of the flywheel rotor 2 close to the inner case 12, and the outer wall surface of the rotor body 24 is a wall surface away from the inner case 12. Referring to the orientation shown in fig. 2, the inclined portion 23 on the right side of the flywheel rotor 2 is inclined upward and rightward from the inner wall surface of the rotor body 24.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the inclined portion 23 includes an inner tapered surface 231, and the mating portion 321 includes an outer tapered surface 3211, the inner tapered surface 231 being parallel to the outer tapered surface 3211. The plurality of outer tapered surfaces 3211 are located in the inner tapered surface 231, and an annular first air gap 33 is formed between the plurality of outer tapered surfaces 3211 and the inner tapered surface 231. The included angle between the inner conical surface 231 and the center line 102 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction is equal to the included angle between the outer conical surface 3211 and the center line 102 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction. Note that the center line 101 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the radial direction has a midpoint, and the center line 102 in the axial direction is a midpoint extending in the axial direction and passing through the center line 101 in the radial direction. The magnetic pole 32 applies electromagnetic force to the flywheel rotor 2 through the outer conical surface 3211, and the force application direction is perpendicular to the inner conical surface 231, and the inner conical surface 231 decomposes the electromagnetic force into a first electromagnetic force along the axial direction of the flywheel rotor 2 and a second electromagnetic force along the radial direction of the flywheel rotor 2, so as to position the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction and the radial direction.
It should be noted that the outer conical surface defined in the present embodiment refers to a structure in which the conical surface is provided in a convex manner, and the inner conical surface refers to a structure in which the conical surface is provided in a concave manner. For example, the inner tapered surface 231 is concavely provided on the inclined portion 23, and the outer tapered surface 3211 is convexly provided on the mating portion 321.
Compared with a superconducting bearing supporting scheme, the magnetic suspension supporting scheme of the flywheel rotor 2 has low accessory cost and running cost; in addition, the superconducting bearing is a passive bearing and is uncontrollable, the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 of the embodiment are active magnetic suspension bearings, five-degree-of-freedom control can be realized, and the magnetic bearing assembly is more suitable for working conditions with variable environments.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-4, the magnetic bearing assembly 3 further comprises a displacement sensor 8, the displacement sensor 8 being coupled to the stator core 31 via spacers 9. The displacement sensor 8 is used to detect radial and axial displacements of the flywheel rotor 2 in order to radially and axially position the flywheel rotor 2.
According to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the axial permanent magnet rotors 5 are embedded in the first end 21 and the second end 22, respectively, and preferably, the two axial permanent magnet rotors 5 are symmetrically arranged with respect to a center line 101 of the flywheel rotor 2 in the radial direction. The axial permanent magnet rotor 5 is located above or below the motor rotor 41, and is not limited herein. The axial permanent magnet stator 6 is embedded in the position of the end shell part 13 corresponding to the axial permanent magnet rotor 5, and the axial permanent magnet stator 6 is positioned above or below the motor stator 42. The axial permanent magnet rotor 5 and the corresponding axial permanent magnet stator 6 have the same magnetic polarity, so that the axial permanent magnet stator 6 and the corresponding axial permanent magnet rotor 5 repel each other in magnetic force, and a second air gap 51 is formed between the axial permanent magnet rotor 5 and the axial permanent magnet stator 6. The structures of the axial permanent magnet stator 6 and the axial permanent magnet rotor 5 of the present embodiment are not limited. In one example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the axial permanent magnet stator 6 and the axial permanent magnet rotor 5 are both ring-shaped structures; in another example (not shown in this figure), the axial permanent magnet stator 6 and the axial permanent magnet rotor 5 are each in a continuous strip structure or an intermittent strip structure. The bearing capacity of the two axial permanent magnet rotors 5 can be adjusted according to the mass and the installation mode of the flywheel rotor 2 so as to adapt to the flywheel rotors 2 with different specifications and facilitate the serialization of the flywheel rotors 2. In addition, no heat is generated between the axial permanent magnet rotor 5 and the axial permanent magnet stator 6, and the working temperature is low, so that the axial permanent magnet rotor 5 and the axial permanent magnet stator 6 can be made of high-performance magnetic materials such as neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials with low requirements on the working temperature and high cost performance, and the production cost is reduced.
In this embodiment, the axial permanent magnet rotor 5 and the axial permanent magnet stator 6 are arranged to further maintain the balance of the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction during the rotation process, so as to reduce the axial working current of the magnetic bearing assembly 3 and reduce the power consumption of the magnetic bearing assembly 3.
In some embodiments, for flywheel batteries with high energy storage requirements and low specific energy requirements, the flywheel rotor 2 may be made of one material, such as flywheel batteries for power conditioning, and the flywheel rotor 2 is made of an all-metal material, such as an all-steel material, so that the production cost is low.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 3-4, there is a reserve for energyIn a flywheel battery with low demand and high specific energy requirement, such as a vehicle-mounted energy recovery type flywheel battery, the flywheel rotor 2 is made of a combined material of a metal material and a composite material so as to meet the requirement of high rotating speed. The flywheel rotor 2 includes a first flywheel rotor portion 201 and a second flywheel rotor portion 202, and the first flywheel rotor portion 201 is disposed on an outer wall of the second flywheel rotor portion 202. The axial permanent magnet rotor 5 and the motor rotor 41 are embedded in the first flywheel rotor portion 201, and the inclined portion 23 is disposed on the inner wall of the second flywheel rotor portion 202. Wherein the first flywheel rotor portion 201 is an insulating portion of the flywheel rotor 2. The centrifugal force at any point on the excircle of the flywheel rotor 2 isF=mω 2 R， Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Fis the centrifugal force of the flywheel rotor 2,ωin order to be the angular velocity of the flywheel rotor 2,Ris the outer circle radius of the flywheel rotor 2,mis the mass of the flywheel rotor 2. Mass in flywheel rotor 2mAnd the radius of the outer circleRAngular velocity of flywheel rotor 2 under certain conditionsωThe larger the centrifugal force of the flywheel rotor 2FThe larger the material strength requirement for the flywheel rotor 2. Therefore, compared with a flywheel battery with higher energy requirement, the flywheel rotor 2 has high rotating speed, the strength requirement on the flywheel rotor 2 is high, the first flywheel rotor part 201 is made of a composite material, and the composite material is, for example, a high-strength carbon fiber material, so that the flywheel rotor has higher strength, and the requirement of the flywheel rotor on high rotating speed is met. While the second flywheel rotor portion 202 is fabricated from a metallic material, such as steel, to provide rigid support for the composite material first flywheel rotor portion 201.
The material type of the flywheel rotor 2 of the present embodiment is not limited to the above example, and the material of the flywheel rotor 2 may be flexibly determined after comprehensive consideration is given to the application scenario, the difficulty of the production process, the production cost, and the like.
According to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, two landing bearings 7 are disposed on the inner housing 12 of the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage battery of the present embodiment, the landing bearings 7 are sleeved on the inner housing 12, and the two landing bearings 7 correspond to the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3. In one example, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, two landing bearings 7 are provided on the first and second inner housing portions 122 and 123, respectively.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-4, two landing bearings 7 are located between the two magnetic bearing assemblies 3; in other embodiments (not shown in this example figure), two magnetic bearing assemblies 3 are located between two landing bearings 7. In the radial direction of the flywheel rotor 2, a third air gap 71 is formed between the landing bearing 7 and the flywheel rotor 2, and the third air gap 71 is smaller than the dimension of the first air gap 33 in the radial direction of the flywheel rotor 2. A fourth air gap 72 is formed between the landing bearing 7 and the flywheel rotor 2 in the axial direction of the flywheel rotor 2, the fourth air gap 72 being smaller than the second air gap 51.
The present embodiment provides for the landing bearing 7 to change the flywheel rotor 2 from an equilibrium state without mechanical contact to a state with mechanical contact in the event of a shutdown or power outage of the magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery. Since the flywheel rotor 2 rotates at high speed, mechanical support for the landing of the flywheel rotor 2 is provided by the provision of the landing bearings 7 to avoid damage to the magnetic bearing assembly 3 during the landing of the flywheel rotor 2. Moreover, the third air gap 71 between the landing bearing 7 and the flywheel rotor 2 is smaller than the size of the first air gap 33 in the radial direction of the flywheel rotor 2, so that the flywheel rotor 2 can be prevented from colliding with the magnetic bearing assembly 3 in the radial direction when landing on the landing bearing 7, and meanwhile, the fourth air gap 72 of the landing bearing 7 in the axial direction of the flywheel rotor 2 is smaller than the second air gap 51, so that the flywheel rotor 2 can be prevented from colliding with the axial permanent magnet stator 6 in the axial direction when landing on the landing bearing 7. Illustratively, the third air gap 71 is half the dimension of the first air gap 33 in the radial direction, and the fourth air gap 72 is half the dimension of the second air gap 51 in the axial direction.
The magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery of the embodiment is preferably arranged in a symmetrical structure, so that the number of workpieces is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the inner housing portion 12 includes a first inner housing portion 122 and a second inner housing portion 123 along the axial direction of the flywheel rotor 2, and the first inner housing portion 122 and the second inner housing portion 123 are connected by a bellows 121 therebetween. The first inner shell portion 122 and the second inner shell portion 123 are in soft connection through the bellows 121, so that the flywheel chamber 14 is sealed, the connection stress of the first inner shell portion 122 and the second inner shell portion 123 is reduced, over-constraint is avoided, and the structural stability of the housing 1 is ensured.
In some embodiments, the flywheel chamber 14 is a vacuum chamber to reduce the wind resistance of the flywheel rotor 2, and the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery of the embodiment has a simple structure and low difficulty in vacuum sealing.
In some embodiments, a heat sink 10 is also provided on the side of the inner housing portion 12 facing away from the flywheel cavity 14 to reduce the operating temperature of the flywheel battery. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, 2-3, the heat sink 10 is a plurality of heat dissipating fins disposed on the side of the inner housing portion 12 facing away from the flywheel cavity 14. In some embodiments, the flywheel cavity 14 is filled with a gas having good thermal conductivity, such as helium.
The present embodiment may use one of the above examples to reduce the operating temperature of the flywheel battery, or may combine the above examples to reduce the operating temperature of the flywheel battery. The cooling mode of the flywheel battery can be flexibly designed after comprehensive consideration of the temperature, the production cost and the like of the required flywheel battery.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery, comprising:
the shell (1), the shell (1) comprises an inner shell part (12), an outer shell part (11) and an end shell part (13), the inner shell part (12) and the outer shell part (11) are cylindrical, the inner shell part (12) is arranged inside the outer shell part (11), and the end shell part (13) seals and connects the opposite side edges of the inner shell part (12) and the outer shell part (11); the inner shell part (12), the outer shell part (11) and the end shell part (13) enclose to form a closed flywheel chamber (14);
the flywheel rotor (2) is arranged in the flywheel cavity (14), and the flywheel rotor (2) is arranged in a hollow mode and sleeved on the inner shell portion (12); the flywheel rotor (2) comprises a first end (21) and a second end (22) along the axial direction thereof;
the two magnetic bearing assemblies (3) are sleeved on the inner shell part (12), the two magnetic bearing assemblies (3) are symmetrically arranged relative to a center line (101) of the flywheel rotor (2) in the radial direction, and the two magnetic bearing assemblies (3) are used for controlling the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor (2);
the flywheel motor (4) comprises a motor rotor (41) and a motor stator (42), the motor rotor (41) is embedded in the first end (21) and/or the second end (22) of the flywheel rotor (2), and the motor stator (42) is embedded in the position, corresponding to the motor rotor (41), of the end shell part (13);
the magnetic bearing assembly (3) comprises a stator core (31) and a plurality of magnetic poles (32) arranged on the outer end face of the stator core (31);
inclined parts (23) are respectively arranged at the positions of the flywheel rotor (2) corresponding to the two magnetic bearing assemblies (3), one ends of the magnetic poles (32) close to the inclined parts (23) are respectively provided with a matching part (321), the inclined parts (23) are correspondingly arranged with the matching parts (321), and a first air gap (33) is formed between the inclined parts (23) and the matching parts (321);
the first end (21) and the second end (22) are embedded with axial permanent magnet rotors (5), and axial permanent magnet stators (6) are arranged at positions of the end shell parts (13) corresponding to the axial permanent magnet rotors (5);
the axial permanent magnet rotor (5) and the corresponding axial permanent magnet stator (6) have the same magnetic polarity;
a second air gap (51) is formed between the axial permanent magnet rotor (5) and the axial permanent magnet stator (6) corresponding to the axial permanent magnet rotor;
two landing bearings (7) are arranged on the inner shell part (12), and the two landing bearings (7) correspond to the two magnetic bearing assemblies (3);
the inner shell part (12) comprises a first inner shell part (122) and a second inner shell part (123) along the axial direction of the flywheel rotor (2), two magnetic bearing assemblies (3) are respectively arranged on the first inner shell part (122) and the second inner shell part (123), and two landing bearings (7) are respectively arranged on the first inner shell part (122) and the second inner shell part (123);
-forming a third air gap (71) between the landing bearing (7) and the flywheel rotor (2) in a radial direction of the flywheel rotor (2), the third air gap (71) being smaller than a dimension of the first air gap (33) in the radial direction;
-forming a fourth air gap (72) between the landing bearing (7) and the flywheel rotor (2) in the axial direction of the flywheel rotor (2), the fourth air gap (72) being smaller than the second air gap (51).
2. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said poles (32) are each wound with an excitation coil (34);
the plurality of magnetic poles (32) are configured to apply electromagnetic force to the flywheel rotor (2) via the fitting portion (321) when the excitation coil (34) is energized, and the inclined portion (23) is configured to decompose the electromagnetic force into a first electromagnetic force in an axial direction of the flywheel rotor (2) and a second electromagnetic force in a radial direction of the flywheel rotor (2).
3. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery according to claim 2, wherein the flywheel rotor (2) comprises a rotor body (24), the inclined portion (23) being arranged inclined from an inner wall of the rotor body (24) facing away from a centre line (102) of an axial direction of the rotor body (24).
4. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery according to claim 3, wherein said inclined portion (23) comprises an inner tapered surface (231) and said engaging portion (321) comprises an outer tapered surface (3211), said inner tapered surface (231) being parallel to said outer tapered surface (3211).
5. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery according to claim 2, characterized in that the flywheel rotor (2) comprises a first flywheel rotor portion (201) and a second flywheel rotor portion (202), the first flywheel rotor portion (201) being arranged at an outer wall of the second flywheel rotor portion (202); the axial permanent magnet rotor (5) and the motor rotor (41) are embedded on the first flywheel rotor part (201); the inclined part (23) is arranged on the inner wall of the second flywheel rotor part (202);
the first flywheel rotor part (201) is made of composite material, and the second flywheel rotor part (202) is made of metal material.
6. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery according to claim 2, characterized in that two of said landing bearings (7) are located between two of said magnetic bearing assemblies (3) or that two of said magnetic bearing assemblies (3) are located between two of said landing bearings (7).
7. A magnetically suspended flywheel energy storage battery according to claim 6, characterized in that the first (122) and second (123) inner housing portions are connected by a bellows (121) therebetween.
8. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the flywheel chamber (14) is a vacuum chamber.
9. A magnetically levitated flywheel energy storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a heat sink (10) is further provided on the inner housing portion (12) on a side facing away from the flywheel chamber (14);
and/or the flywheel chamber (14) is filled with heat-conducting gas.
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| CN202310092176.3A CN115811174B (en) | 2023-02-10 | 2023-02-10 | Magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage battery |
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| CN102437675A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-05-02 | 山东科技大学 | Energy storage device of magnetic suspension flywheel |
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| CN109441958A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-08 | 南京磁谷科技有限公司 | A kind of combination sensor structure for magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN111064309A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 坎德拉（深圳）科技创新有限公司 | Magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device |
| WO2020083452A1 (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-30 | Maersk Drilling A/S | Flywheel system with stationary shaft |
| CN111463956A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-28 | 华驰动能(北京)科技有限公司 | High-power magnetic suspension energy storage flywheel system with large electric quantity |
| CN212717638U (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-03-16 | 天津飞旋科技有限公司 | High-sensitivity inductance type radial-axial displacement sensor in magnetic suspension bearing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102437675A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-05-02 | 山东科技大学 | Energy storage device of magnetic suspension flywheel |
| CN105024479A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-04 | 江苏大学 | Flywheel energy storing device |
| WO2020083452A1 (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-30 | Maersk Drilling A/S | Flywheel system with stationary shaft |
| CN109441958A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-08 | 南京磁谷科技有限公司 | A kind of combination sensor structure for magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN111064309A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 坎德拉（深圳）科技创新有限公司 | Magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device |
| CN212717638U (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-03-16 | 天津飞旋科技有限公司 | High-sensitivity inductance type radial-axial displacement sensor in magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN111463956A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-28 | 华驰动能(北京)科技有限公司 | High-power magnetic suspension energy storage flywheel system with large electric quantity |
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| CN115811174A (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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