CN1157999C - Acoustic device - Google Patents

Abstract

Acoustic devices have members extending transversely of thickness and capable of sustaining bending waves causing consequential acoustic action by reason of areal distribution of resonant modes of natural bending wave vibration consonant with required achievable acoustic action of said member over a desired operative acoustic frequency range. Areal distribution of stiffness including variation(s) therein is used to get desired locations for bending wave transducers and/or good resonant mode acoustic action from inherently unfavourable shapes of members. Members with combined pistonic action drive and bending wave excitement at centres of mass and geometry are featured.

Description

Audio unit

Technical field

The invention relates to the audio unit that can produce audio, and (but non-exclusively) is used for or as loud speaker especially by zigzag waves.

Background technology

The PCT application case GB96/02145 (WO-A-9709842) of common pending trial comprises the person's character of sound panel part, the general guidance of structure and profile, these parts can be in the sound working region, the oscillation energy that keeps and transmit input by zigzag waves, its thickness is crossed in this zone often (if not necessary), extends to the edge of these parts.Special guidance comprises the analysis of various special panel profiles, its profile has or does not cross the anisotropy of this regional folding strength, so that make the oscillating element of mode of resonance be distributed in this zone, help to carry out acoustical coupling with surrounding air, and be convenient to determine the optimum position of sound conversion device in this zone, especially its operational movement or mobile part, movable and the relevant signal corresponding to the sonication in this zone and working, be generally the signal of telecommunication, corresponding to the sound-content of these vibrations.Simultaneously, in this PCT application this this part purposes is arranged also, as " passive " audio unit, promptly do not have converter apparatus, such as echo, or sound wave filters, or in a space or indoor " transaudient "; Perhaps, have the zigzag waves converter apparatus as " active " audio unit, when supplying with when will convert the input signal of sound to, be included in one very the loud speaker of wide region also be included in such as in the microphone as sound source, be used to convert tones into other signals.

The present invention be more particularly directed to active audio unit-with the form of loud speaker, utilization panel part, roughly form work as above (can be called as sound radiation body/resonant panel of dispersion pattern) in this, and finish the gratifying combination of zigzag waves effect and piston action especially.Yet the present invention has feature widely, will be more apparent below.

WO92/03024 has described the multi-mode loud speaker, and it comprises an emitter panel, is made by the synthetic material of the covering with honeycomb core.

FR2441981 has described a kind of film of plate shaped piston type loud speaker, and it comprises the synthetic material of the covering with honeycomb core.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides an audio unit, comprise that one extends the part that crosses its thickness, and can keep tortuous waveform, because with in a work audiorange, the area distribution of the mode of resonance of nature zigzag waves vibration on the surface of the required audio unanimity that reaches of this part, cause corresponding audio, wherein, the folding strength of this part is distributed in interior variation the in zone of part, make this part be suitable for producing the area distribution of the mode of resonance of this kind audio, described folding strength changes the higher and lower folding strength that comprises respectively at the not homonymy of the position of zigzag waves conversion equipment, its geometric center of folding strength misalignment of this part.

By first aspect, the present invention is about active audio unit, depend on the zigzag waves effect in the panel part, zigzag waves conversion equipment effective configuration especially is provided, be different from the specific guidance of above-mentioned PCT and UK Patent Application case, promptly be not analysis and the preferred positions in being derived from the PCT application case, even be included in quality and/or geometric center, but not depart from from it.

By second aspect, the present invention is about audio unit, depend on the zigzag waves effect in the panel part, effective distribution of mode of resonance vibration is provided especially, can be different from specific guidance and preferred caused scheme by above-mentioned PCT and UK Patent Application case, even for identical form or outward appearance.

By the third aspect, the present invention is about audio unit, depend on the zigzag waves effect of panel part, effective distribution of panel part mode of resonance vibration is provided especially, these parts are different from those and are considered to the above PCT and specific guidance and the preferred form or the shape of UK Patent Application case.

Effective specific embodiment utilization panel part itself of the present invention, be enough to area distributions for the mode of resonance oscillating element, the sound that sound effect roughly was comparable to or was similar to above-mentioned PCT application case presents, in essence, described panel relies on this simple excitation as the sound zigzag waves effect of area distributions, is used for the sound operation of success.Specific embodiments of the invention are different from fully only imitates segment, and so that other sound effects on the panel part are changed arbitrarily, this kind is distributed in inner mode of resonance effect, is not that real designing institute is essential.Other special constructions satisfy different frequency ranges and/or optionally suppress or specially generation/superimposed oscillation in a panel part, and this panel part originally has little time above-mentioned PCT application case, or herein, promptly be unsuitable for conversion equipment shape and/or position originally.

The inventive method and device, be included in this type of panel part at least about zigzag waves effect and required sound running on the effective area of sound, the area distributions of Strength Changes.To become clear at this, such variation is directly relevant with the displacement of conversion equipment effectively, this displacement is to move to diverse location of the present invention by the position of instructing in the above PCT application case, and/or with respect to this type of patent application case, make the form of bad panel part or suitable form or the shape that the more approaching sound relevant with the area distributions of mode of resonance vibration of shape operates, this resonance produces tortuous waveform effect thereupon, and/or the mode of resonance with reality distributes, can have a little difference at least, this may be simply because the different area distributions of its folding strength, or because the diverse location of conversion equipment subsequently, also can both.

The special guidance of above-mentioned PCT application case, extend to the panel part that has different folding strengths at the different directions of crossing over the sound effective coverage of wishing, this zone may be for all or be less than the Zone Full of panel part, typically maybe can be decomposed on two directions relevant with coordinate, simultaneously, be constant along this direction haply, relatively, the preferred panel part of embodiments herein, have the variable quantity of folding strength on some direction of passing through this zone, it can not be decomposed into constant basis on normal coordinate or any direction.

The regional change of folding strength is easy to be formed by the varied in thickness of acoustic panels part certainly, but also can may mode form by other, such as thickness and/or the density and/or the tension intensity on the surface of the en-block construction of interlayer morphosis and/or reinforcement, often be the form of combined materials.

Exercisable practicality analysis may not be always to allow this accurate and complete test, variation situation on the actual area of vibration that quantizes the effective mode of resonance of sound of panel part with discriminated union distributes, practical performance shows the sound performance to the success of relevant zigzag waves effect, is really inspiring the confidence that quality level is promoted.Basically, in above-mentioned PCT and the UK Patent Application case, the favourable effect of suitable form/shape (with regard to the area distribution aspect of the vibration of mode of resonance) is maintained extremely useful degree and effect in the two prescription faces of the present invention of a viewpoint on the implementation basically.

Wherein one group as previous indication, the position easily of conversion equipment in the effective panel part of sound or its zone is provided especially, it has known form or shape, it is suitable in the homogeneous or heterogeneous body embodiment of guidance of above-mentioned PCT and UK Patent Application case, the position (according to these patent application cases) of " original " position by will being called as conversion equipment at present, moving to its different position realizes, especially by one of relatively large and relative less folding strength or both, distinguish so far a side and the opposite side in home position.The zone that folding strength is bigger moves apart this zone with this home position effectively, typically, and from this sidesway toward opposite side, and the lower zone of folding strength, the folding strength lower region is migration folding strength lower region then.Another group can be regarded as the relevant ability of part, limits the nominal at least secondary shape of big integral panels part shape, is not the sound running that is suitable for the above-mentioned well distributed pattern of PCT patent application case; The secondary shape of this kind can be not limited fully, but the sound running that its part limits for distribution pattern has significant improved effect, this kind improved effect is specially adapted to the distributed resonance pattern when lower frequency, but the zigzag waves effect and the mode of resonance distribution of needn't (preferably not want) the restriction upper frequency really are the secondary shape of this kind, allow that promptly the vibration that this kind higher-frequency mode of resonance distributes passes through, and the qualification of the secondary shape of overage.

Panel part as for the regional change that is easy to obtain required or the folding strength desired, can have sandwich layer at least, at first, for example be used for above PCT and Britain's application case as being essentially consistent homogeneous or anisotropism structure, comprise sandwich, on sandwich layer, have the top layer.The variation of thickness is obtained the area distribution of required intensity easily.For deformable material, such as foam, this kind varied in thickness can be by optionally compressing or rolling and obtain, to obtain required profile, for example by heating under controlled and utilization pressure, typically become any required shape, even in utilization also feasible after any top layer (depend on the extension ability of this kind top layer material and decide).Another possibility of this part is to have local reinforcement or fragilityization, may it be made a series of grade as far as possible.Whole unit or cellular material for certain suitable mesh-like area of for example its unit, extend to the top layer from the top layer of a main sandwich, or firmly keep the not broken assembly of pressure of shape, form the shape/profile of desired thickness by coating optionally, the variation of thickness can be reached easily.Change about necessity of geometric center without any possibility, but cover shape rather than crushing causes the change of mass centre inevitably.To other alternative of required thickness/intensity of the core of manufacturing be discussed, comprise and do not change mass centre, this can be very important for the conversion equipment in conjunction with piston reciprocating type and zigzag waves action, obviously the piston reciprocating type action is best, if when being the center, avoided the differential moment that causes because of mass distribution with respect to transducer position and/or uneven atmospheric pressure effect with mass centre and geometric center coincide point.

Certainly, mass centre is easy to reorientate, typically be positioned geometric center, this realizes by optionally quality being added on the relevant panel part, it is all on the area distribution of required intensity to have unacceptable influence to add, for example quality is enough little, it is unlikely that action produces unacceptable influence to the low frequency zigzag waves, and from the uncoupling effectively of high frequency sound effect, for example aptly, partly meet the little weight of ground device in the hole of panel, this weight is also enough little simultaneously, and ability is unlikely to produce unacceptable influence to sound effect.

Increase in the above PCT patent application case away from or intensity on the direction of the side of " originally " position of transducer positioner, or lower intensity on roughly rightabout or opposite side, with cause converter apparatus in this location roughly in this direction to a described side, be able to advantageously towards geometric center.Increase/the reduction of this relative intensity is complicated, to form the profile of panel part, comprise that the thickness/intensity that is increased is tapered to the edge of panel part, and/or the thickness/intensity that is reduced is cumulative, forms the panel part of edge thickness approximately uniformly.

Extra or other situation, an inventive features of at least one group is that a panel part can produce the effect of sound zigzag waves, the distribution that has a folding strength in it has the audio zone, this distribution center needn't overlap with the mass centre and/or the geometric center of this panel part.But, the position of sound conversion device, for zigzag waves effect or reciprocal action, also or both, may this coincidence be favourable.

Should note in this respect, there is dual mode can think that the area distribution of the intensity on the panel part is a centering, a kind of is the decision that is similar to mass centre, even the first intensity moment is zero, therefore be equivalent in some sense high strength (so be referred to herein as intensity " the height " center "); Another kind then on the contrary, first moment that makes the inverse of intensity is zero, therefore on another layer meaning, be equivalent to fragility or low-intensity (so be referred to herein as intensity " low " center ").In homogeneous or heterogeneous panel part, as in this PCT application case specially analyze, nominally " height " of these so-called intensity reaches " low " center (implication up to the present herein) and be actually consistent, and be consistent with mass centre and geometric center again usually; But for having as for the panel part of herein intensity distributions, these nominal " height " reach the center intensity of " low ", separate on characteristic, typically separate with mass centre and/or geometric center again.

By the preferable guidance/analysis of this PCT application case, by the favourable distribution of its intensity, the actual active position of the conversion equipment of zigzag waves action to the effective or nominal displacement of its diverse location can obtain.This displacement can be considered as shifting to " motion of low " center ", so itself and required nominal displacement equidirectional, and/or of this intensity away from the " motion of height " center " of this intensity.The viewpoint of this displacement can be in order to provide at least one structural design reference position, be used for supplying with desire/variation of folding strength in the required relevant distribution.The variation of this folding strength can be from " low " center " is the edge of extremely relevant panel part outwards.Typically, at least towards " intensity can increase to different amounts and/or increases with different ratios on a plurality of directions of height " center ".

Feasible honeycomb trellis has the structure of the interlayer form of core, can have the intensity distributions of being desired, and this is that in fact not needing influences to some extent to mass distribution and center owing to the influence of the various cell configurations that got.Therefore, the area distribution of the intensity of being desired can be changed by the unit to be reached, as to the area of any or population of cells (or also having shape), cell height (thickness of core) and cell-wall thickness, comprise by desire/the degree alternation of required increase/minimizing.Change folding strength, and do not disturb the distribution of quality, in reaching herein, for example, nominally with regard to identical cellar area by changing cell-wall thickness and cell height, and/or for identical cell-wall thickness, change cellar area and/or cell height, certainly, increase or be affected, to comprise the quantity and/or the essence that change composite bed because of the top layer changes.

And, invention place of panel part herein be at least with regard to name or the actual flexion ripple be transferred to regard to the minimum and maximum difference of face plate edge time, be considered to the opposite the most effective activation point of reality and " low " center of intensity and be considered to initial respectively low center from transducer position and intensity.

Return to see second kind of above-mentioned general situation, panel part (may be called as " off-centre ") with intensity distributions, have the ability to can be used to guarantee certain specific or desire shape panel (be structure or how much) can actually present effective sound zigzag waves action, and think that so far this shape can not realize, the useful suggestion according to any prior art can not realize at least; This given shape can comprise with think at present suitable shape relevant be not suitable for shape, thereby can obtain the characteristic of favourable shape.

Really, ability of the present invention extends to the area distribution of actual practicable folding strength, be applicable to difform panel part, can produce the zigzag waves sound effect, to guarantee that this sound effect has gratifying mode of resonance distribution character, and the effective position of reality offered zigzag waves effect conversion equipment (comprising finite element analysis), no matter do not come into one's own with reference to any yet, or known suitable shape.These programs may actually proceed to a certain at least degree, mode with trial and error, intensity distributions as for the zone, but can benefit to some extent to analyze it, utilize as limited meta analysis, at least according to the center intensity that provides useful " low " shown here reach " height ", so that to the active position of the conversion equipment in the field strength distribution, whether produce positive (approaching/as to attract) and negative (at interval/push open) position influence, no matter itself can analyze.

In fact, below can see useful benefiting, promptly seek structure and/or conversion, thus can be by known to deviating in special panel part shape and the effective deviation of structure, it may often be effective in a different panel-shaped/structure, especially point out the architectural characteristic of this kind different panels shape, distribute and the transducer activation point to produce the successful field strength of possibility.

In this method relevant with invention, fix attention on the transducer position, comprise and take stacked mode in form, form a target shape, the main geometry of one a panel part that desired or set form and a panel part, known is effectively, and is easy to carry out or practicable labor, and the object converter position of being desired so is consistent with the actual preferred effective transducer position of object shapes.Can make a folding strength figure, for relevant with the transducer position of present corresponding to target and object shapes, through selected arbitrary or each structure, and surmount this type of shape, this object panel construction is known so/folding strength that is easy to analyze, can be subjected to influence about the transformation of target shape, and give intensity distributions roughly the same or similar or that can compare in proportion, as in object shapes, and the sound in target shape has the zigzag waves effect of success.The structure of this kind hope comprises many lines, from the transducer position that overlaps to/edge (as representing passing through/crossing of zigzag waves) by target and object shapes.The relevant conversion of being paid attention to, depend on the relative length of the same configuration line in target and object shapes, reach an appropriate relation, typically about the ratio of the quality (μ) of folding strength (B) and per unit area, be B/ μ, the variation of ratio is about three and/or biquadratic to the line length at the edge of target and object shapes.Best situation feels more natural at least, and is less than a relevant object shapes, preferably that it is stacked for a target shape, exceeds the former minimum redundance to seek the latter, comprises translation process is simplified most.Usually similar target and the object shapes of form may be preferably, or the suitable the most approaching inappropriate target shape of object shapes, in fact, but is different from very much the known suitable form/structure of any identification form for target shape, is regarded as feasible.

The example of the panel in the above PCT application case is a homogeneous with regard to regional folding strength, and has obtained excellent research/analysis, and the initial point that opens for good is used for object shapes/structure.Really, another structure/method of converting is regarded as potentialization, it comprises that basis (general at present) transducer position is separated into folding strength the mode of each side of object shapes/structure, seek and cooperate target shape/structure, and, similar or relevant figure may not only be used between the difformity, and just in case want maybe to need to give the such folding strength distribution of target shape of a certain form, so that copy or imitate the shape/form of another form, shape/the form of practical both definite forms (rectangle for example just only, oval-shaped), really the area distribution that the mode of resonance that is difficult to disturb significantly of reality is vibrated has far-reaching influence.

Loud speaker part for the waveform that can produce reciprocating type and zigzag waves form, position with zigzag waves conversion equipment of mass centre and geometric center overlaps, be effective in especially and allow single converter apparatus in a position, in conjunction with and carry out the excitation of reciprocating type driving and zigzag waves.

Yet, it is feasible using two transducers separately, one of them only carries out reciprocating in the mass centre/geometric center of unanimity, another then compatibly is spaced apart location positioning, only carry out tortuous wave motion, come balance mass (or distribute to combine provide with necessity of folding strength) though may need increase quality.

Of the present invention one interesting especially viewpoint, be about single transducer, produce reciprocating and the motion of zigzag waves at interval, but can be used in position at interval, no matter whether by the formed interval of zigzag waves transducer position (with adaptive suitable transducer form), or do not use above-mentioned viewpoint of the present invention and produce.

Certainly, in general, use and the present invention includes mass distribution, from the mass centre that geometric center and/or any transducer position move, or suchlike.Really, but cross over the variation and/or the quality of the folding strength of the sound operating area of panel part at least, can many indicated modes and/or distribution, the common limit end of extremely being desired with any special direction gradually, its different with in the past, and it will roughly represent heterogeneous body, and it is asymmetric, at least about the geometric center of quality; And this application is considered as in above PCT application case.

Practical point of view of the present invention comprises: a loudspeaker drive unit, include a frame, frame upper support one transducer, the panel diaphragm of one firm and light weight, be coupled to this transducer drivingly, and a resilient edge Suspension is around this diaphragm, and this diaphragm is installed on this frame, wherein settle this transducer, so that drive this diaphragm reciprocating typely with low relatively audio frequency, to produce a voice output, and in high audio with this diaphragm of tortuous wave-type vibration, make this diaphragm resonance and produce a voice output, such configuration makes this transducer be coupled to the geometric center of mass centre and/or diaphragm, and this diaphragm has the distribution of folding strength, and its variable quantity makes the effective sound resonance of diaphragm situation produce (being the center to depart from center of mass at least as far as possible).

This diaphragm shapes can be circle or ellipse, and this transducer can be coupled to the geometric center of this diaphragm.This diaphragm can comprise the netted core of a light weight, is folded between the relative top layer, and the extensible edge that surpasses this diaphragm, a top layer wherein, the boundary member that extend on its top layer attaches on this elasticity Suspension.

This transducer can be electromagnetic type, and can comprise a moving coil, is installed on the coil pipe, this coil pipe is driven be connected to this diaphragm.One second elasticity Suspension can be connected between coil pipe and the frame.One end of coil pipe can be connected to this diaphragm, and this second elasticity Suspension can be positioned over this end of adjacent coils pipe, and the 3rd elasticity Suspension can be connected between the other end and frame of coil pipe.

The end of the contiguous panel diaphragm of this of coil pipe can be of coupled connections, and in fact drives this panel diaphragm in some place.Conical device can be connected between coil pipe and the panel diaphragm.

This coil pipe can comprise one from the submissive zone that a firm section radially departs from, and driving this diaphragm reciprocating typely, and provides eccentric resonant drive to diaphragm.

According to others, the invention provides a loud speaker that comprises above-mentioned driver element; And/or be one firm and the panel loudspeaker driver element diaphragm of light weight is suitable for accepting driving reciprocating typely and producing resonance, this diaphragm has one and is positioned at the mass centre of its geometric center, and the center intensity that departs from its mass centre.

Description of drawings

With reference now to accompanying drawing illustrate/describe the demonstration its characteristic embodiment, wherein:

Figure 1A-D is plane and three width of cloth section of outline figure, represents the location of being desired of the zigzag waves transducer position of an acoustic panels part, comprises and by the core material of variable compression shape or by describing core profile or composition material is formed;

Fig. 2 A, B, C are the profile overall plan view and the nucleus figure of an oval-shaped acoustic panels part;

Fig. 3 A, B, C are the similar pattern of another oval-shaped panel part;

Fig. 4 A, B, C represent a unfavorable circular acoustic panels part, provide the part that is more suitable for by the oval-shaped recess/grooves of part, and model profile figure do not have and have this kind recess/grooves;

Fig. 5 A, B, C is the figure that can be used for explaining possible figure/construction/transformation, is used for producing intensity distributions that desired or target shape, is used for the expression of one section/profile of a rectangular panel part and a result;

Fig. 6 A, B, the profile diagram of C for considering with respect to the useful method among Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 A, B are cross section side-looking and the plane graph of an embodiment of loudspeaker drive unit of the present invention;

Fig. 8 A, B are another loudspeaker drive unit and a side cross-sectional view of revising;

Fig. 9 A, B are an another loudspeaker drive unit and a side cross-sectional view of revising;

Figure 10 A, B are the perspective view of the actuator of speaker drive coupling or the interval application that is used for reciprocating type and tortuous waveform, and show the details that is mounted to one diaphragm/panel part; And

Figure 11 A, B show the relation of these effects and the situation of intersecting.

Embodiment

At first with reference to Figure 1A, illustrating one is the panel part 10A of the sound allocation model of rectangle haply, as if the guidance of directly taking from above-mentioned PCT application case, " original " position 13 of zigzag waves conversion equipment is separated with its geometric center 12, and depart from the diagonal that shows with dotted line 11.Yet in application of the present invention, this transducer position 13 is positioned at the geometric center 12 of panel part 10A, promptly shows the situation that moves along solid line 15 effectively, and this proper area distribution institute by the folding strength of this panel part reaches.To the end, prepared folding strength, in a side relatively large (Figure 1A right side) of geometric center 12 and " original " transducer position 13, a relative side then less (Fig. 1 C left side), special on the twocouese of line 15, and straight- line extension line 15G and 15L.

Figure 1B is a section of outline of along the line 15, comprises extended line 15G and 15L, and the demonstration position identical with Figure 1A, and promptly " original " transducer position 13B separates with the geometric center 12B of the panel part 10B of distribution pattern too, sees projection line 12P, 13P.Figure 1B is the practical structures of detailed display floater part 10B not; But point out the situation of single chip architecture really, see solid outer surface line 16X, Y, or, see the dotted line 17X of inner surface, Y for inserting and putting form, the top layer that expression fetters into an inner core 18, typically (though not being necessary) is cell lattice foam form or cellular through-hole form.

Fig. 1 C represents to use the core 18C of deformable material, and is particularly compressible and can be squeezed into thin thickness, typically as the cell grid material of many foaming, is applicable to the acoustic panels part of distribution pattern, and supposes the C in Fig. 1.The situation of extruding, in Fig. 1 C, the thickness by core 18C successively decreases from right to left, and its cell gradually becomes the flat shape (19Y) of opening to show by perfectly round standard-sized sheet (19X).Certainly, those cell essence need not to be identical or similar size, or by regularly arranged, or in maximum ga(u)ge place circle standard-sized sheet (the foam form of suitable foam material for partly being compressed).Core 18C shows top layer 17A, B again.Be bound by top layer 17A, before B is last, making core material 18C be deformed into the profile of being desired, even when usual, be feasible, but not necessarily, if as long as have top layer 17A, the audio that the no compression of the panel part 10C of B is of value to distribution pattern gets final product.The big and less thickness that core 18C and panel part 10C are obtained is with relevant with big and less folding strength; The thickness of the shape that shows is cumulative, so the variation of intensity can make transducer position 13C consistent with geometric center 12C, the reference number 12C that sees arrow 13S and enclose, 13C.Generally carry out crimp, and utilize the pressure plare of a suitable shape with hot auxiliary equipment.The mass centre of panel part 10C will be less than changing, and promptly mass centre keeps consistent with geometric center 12C, and consistent with transducer position 13C.

The effect of core density herein is little, folding strength is main, the linearity factor of core mass effect can be omitted, and the area thickness of being desired distribute can be by forming polymerization foam or the cellular interlayer of making or not having the top layer and the thickness of a homogeneous core of the monomer of core is reached; And can make machining or be molded as needed any structure here.

Fig. 1 D shows the acoustic panels part 10D of distribution pattern, and its lower surface is cut down gradually, makes its thickness decrescence, the shape of part among similar Fig. 1 C.For identical effects of demand,, it is identical with geometric center 12D promptly to reach transducer position 13D, and this some difference of profile possibility is decided on the used material of panel part 10D.These materials can be the monomer-type combinations through strengthening, or the cell lattice of any kind of, and core typically rindy comprises honeycomb style, and the whole cell unit of its perforation extends to the top layer from the top layer.Similar foam cell unit is 19Z among Fig. 1 D, can be corresponding to using the foam material, select without extruding, or the material that is not suitable for pushing, but only being meant out of feeling like doing do not have significant variable density.Certainly, the mass centre of mass distribution and panel part 10D is inevitable to be changed to some extent, therefore with geometric center to some extent at interval, generally with the direction of arrow C M.In order to reach the consistency of total quality center and geometric center 12D, panel part 10D shows to have an extra balance mass 22 at least, be illustrated as and be installed on the receiver hole 23 that is preferably blind hole, and preferably pass through by half submissive device 24, be fit to one, be subjected in mechanical type or the adhesive agent fixing lining or sleeve, divide in institute's desire vibration of upper frequency to plant, make its inertia compression gradually with panel part 10D uncoupling.More than one balance mass 22 can be arranged, and such as in passing the track that nominal extended line 15L is less than 180 °, or other array configurations, and not need be identical quality all, such as with cutting down away from line 15L quality gradually.

The most simple, along the cross section of Figure 1B, its thickness has been fined away simply, though a more complicated pointed cone is used always, comprises an impartial edge thickness and/or leave line 15-15G that L diminishes gradually.Tortuous frequency needs to consider to the geometrical relationship of size.For any set shape, increase its size, reduce its basic frequency of oscillation, vice versa.Effective mobile visible of preferred transducer position shortens and tortuous relevant significant surface board size for being equivalent to along this moving direction.

Go to Fig. 2 A-C and 3A-C, all panel parts all roughly are shown as ellipse, and reference drawing number is 20A, 30A, and homogenieity, so geometric center and mass centre are equal consistently is shown as 25,35.For the panel geometry of homogeneous and the meaning of structure, intensity distributions is center-or as " high " center " (as intensity itself) or relevantly " hang down " center " (softness or compliance) with 25,35 certainly also.In addition, at Fig. 2 A, 3A is shown in 26,36, one preferred going up to good or best position (just like the PCT application case at last item) are used for a tortuous waver, and counter plate part 20A, 30A the mode of resonance sound performance desiring to ask effective, just as employed in a loud speaker.

Change Fig. 2 B over to, C and 3B, C, now with panel 20B, the center of 30B is designated as 25,26 and 35,36, still is equivalent to geometric center and mass centre (25,35), but is equivalent to the position (26,36) of the effective zigzag waves transducer of sound.With Fig. 2 A, 3A relatively, transducer position 26,36 distributes according to folding strength effectively and disposes, and at this, follows " height " to reach the configuration of " low " center intensity, indicates with 27,28 and 37,38, and is opposite with respect to geometric center 25,35 usually.Show different asymmetric intensity distributions among the figure, because of the cell unit 29,39 that gradually changes forms, especially about its height, so panel part 20A, the thickness of 30A changes; But also changing, its area and global density (see Fig. 2 B, C), perhaps its area and wall thickness change, but not global density (is seen Fig. 3 B, C), thereby finish the intensity distributions of being desired, and mass distribution is not caused significant interference, so mass centre is present and geometric center and transducer position (25,26; 35,36) unanimity.

Still have feasible method to change intensity, thereby area distribution also change; For example by introducing nonplanar structure, such as bending, curve etc. influence intensity in the common mode of being understood; Or such as groove, groove or surperficial indentation are to reduce intensity or rib structure to gain in strength, comprise gradually and provide these in a succession of mode separately, for example along the extended line 15G of Figure 1A, L (show, can calculate such as " finite element analysis ") but utilize.

Fig. 4 A display surface internal channel, the Another Application of groove or indentation, be used in particular for the tortuous waveform of acoustic panels part 40A improvement distribution pattern, this panel part is actually such form or shape, that is circle shape, known should not especially have the center of the conversion equipment of excitation as the acoustic panels part of a distribution pattern.This known unsatisfied expressive ability is to indicate with modal frequency distribution, is shown among Fig. 4 B, will be easy to be confirmed and understand by those skilled in the art, is equivalent to coaxial vibration form especially.The far-reaching significant improvement situation that Fig. 4 C is shown, by making groove, groove or indentation are reached, as 41 indications, part with ellipse is formed, promptly with the classification of known form/shape, with the acoustic panels part that comprises some fit closely distribution patterns (as above Fig. 2,3), though non-really according to this known Special Elliptic shape that is fit to.Yet to the effect of the most common behavior of lower frequency, it distributes and significantly is better than simple centering and produces round symmetry, and the most common behavior of upper frequency can extend through, and above the openend of groove 41.Utilization " finite element analysis " comes the shape of modified trench 41, sees the compound meta-model of indication, and this type of technology has general value to detailed this guidance of enforcement.Less domes with respect to the asymmetric interval, center of a round panel part also are likely, and should be easy to borrow further " finite element analysis " to improve.

Fig. 5 A, B show structure as discussed above and transformation, show especially rectangle target (51A, B) and object (52A, B) form/shape.Construction line 53A, B according to different length and desire/required folding strength plots, and shows effect very likely, when acting on the shape of identical rectangular at least.The method of Fig. 5 B, attractive especially part, be that this object form/shape 52B is by being extended and be made of effectively target morphology/shape 51B by that angle of target 51B place, make one to have the preferred transducer position 54B of the symmetric shape 52B that knows the geometric center with target shape 51B is consistent simply.Fig. 5 C shows a typical case district, passes by the target part 50 according to the target shape 51A that method produced of Fig. 5 B.

Observe B/ μ ratio or B and/or μ parameter value, especially together with other fixing constants, at each radially among the 53B, and panel from the panel mathematics mapping of shape 52B to shape 51B, allow in this intensity distributions and calculate with those directions (53B), utilize the relation of power again, comprise two or cube of the biquadratic and the thickness of length, depend on whether required folding strength is that the core sandwich panel of epidermis or the monomer solid combining structure of a no epidermis are arranged.

The rate value of the length mapping of the method for Fig. 6 A displayed map 5B, Fig. 6 B shows that then how relevant with rate value and the material character of Fig. 6 A the tortuous situation of required (target) is, especially intensity comprises the biquadratic (solid line) of length, the thickness of one sandwich comprises square (dotted lines), and the thickness of a monomer structure comprises 4/3 power (dotted line).For a sandwich, surface strength (tensile strength) also comprises the biquadratic of length; And skin depth comprises 4/3 power.Fig. 6 C shows the modal density mapping of a target square panel part, and its attenuation rate is 3%, and does not have folding strength to distribute, and the key dimension of the homogeneous panel part of above PCT application case promptly only was related to the adjustment with respect to a side difference than 1.134: 1; And by according to the top layer parameter, especially the folding strength of thickness (h) and young's modulus (E) distributes, and improves this square panel.

With reference to figure 7A and 7B, one loudspeaker drive unit comprises the frame 71 of an opening frame type, its shape is as a shallow circular basket or a plate-like, has flange 71F outwards outstanding around, run through with the hole, therefore driver element can be installed on (not shown) on the dividing plate, for example in loud speaker packing (not shown), be roughly traditional form.This frame 71 supports by the formed transducer 72 of an electric drive motor, it comprises a magnet 73, be folded in electrode slice 74A, between the B, and provide an annular gap, a tubular coil pipe 75 wherein has been installed, appendix one coil 75C, form the driving coupling of this motor or activate movably part.

The opposite end of this coil pipe is installed on resilient suspension 76A, and B guides this coil pipe 75 to move axially in the gap of magnet assembly.One end of coil pipe 75 is engaged to the back side of the hard panel 70 of a light weight with bonding agent 77, form the sound radiation body diaphragm of this loudspeaker drive unit, and comprise the cell formula core 70C of a light weight, for example cellular material, be folded in relative preceding and back top layer 70F, among the R.Usually this panel 70 goes out as referred to here, has the distribution of folding strength especially, and the consistency of mass centre with preferred zigzag waves actuator position and its geometric center is provided.In illustrated example, this preceding top layer forms its profile with traditional round shape shape easily, and effectively operates with its encirclement part/suspension cooperation in some cases.Selecting the top layer, back is rectangle, forms an assembled panel, instructs submissive (can directly be driven by the differential coupler of Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B) with distribution pattern.

For simple central authorities, or central authorities' equivalence drives, this distribution pattern panel area will design in the present invention that this was produced with preferred exemplary distribution-basis, for example realize by control area intensity so that usefully place typical drive point or zone or be bordering on how much and mass centre.Therefore the good typical case who obtains when upper frequency drives and the reciprocating type running when lower frequency, and the driver that is used for a traditional type is set up and shape.

The preceding top layer 70F of panel 70 extends beyond the edge of this panel, and its perimeter edge is connected to a suspension 77 or a roll-shaped encirclement part that is supported by frame 71, so this panel can freely reciprocating typely move.Dispose this transducer 72, panel 70 is reciprocally moved when low frequency, and panel 70 is vibrated when high frequency, to produce zigzag waves to this panel, therefore length resonance as discussed above.

Configuration shown in Fig. 8 A and the 8B roughly is similar to situation described above, and just frame 81 is more shallow, and motor 82 is in the outside of frame 81, and coupler/actuator coil pipe 85 extends into this frame, and its suspension 86 is revised thereupon.A less neodymium motor 82N has been used in the correction of Fig. 9 B, and the cross section end reduction 85A of this coil pipe 85.

The configuration utmost point shown in Fig. 9 A and the 9B is similar to situation shown among Fig. 8 A and the 8B, elongated end 95A except coil pipe 95, B be with the bipyramid section one [single] is individual is formed, its most advanced and sophisticated 95P attaches to the back side of the firm panel diaphragm 90 of light weight, is positioned at its geometric center place.

Figure 10 A, B shows a diaphragm coupler/actuator 101, easily, one coil pipe of one CD-ROM drive motor (not shown), its drive end is peripheral part 108 of a main arch shape, be suitable for the panel 100 of attached 107 to one firm light weights, it is made by half submissive material, and identical firm end is peripheral part 109 of arch form.See through two arch ora terminalis parts 108,109, when low frequency, drive panel 100 reciprocating typely.When high frequency, coupler/actuator will encourage the zigzag waves effects by less parts 109, so the vibrational energy in the panel 100 results from a position of departing from the axle of this coupler/actuator 105.With its half submissive essence, main arch shape ora terminalis parts 108 in fact will be static when high frequency.Therefore, real activation point is closely bound up with frequency, applies as the same even reach device 105 in an identical manner.

One direct coupled zone section of the simple case that illustrates and half submissive section can extend to it a plurality of firm contacts and half submissive configuration of a plurality of complexity, for example can comprise the panel part transducer position of two or more preferred distribution patterns.Should half submissive section may be coniform or stepped, or many scalariforms or block character arranged on thickness, so that the classification of mutual stiffness of coupling to be provided, its account form is carried out with panel sound performance standard, improving overall performance, or have and the distribution pattern acoustic panels of the zigzag waves transducer position that how much/mass centre separates, to be fit to be convenient to the required structure of coupler/actuator 105, or the latter, to be fit to transducer position such as above PCT application case.

Can this kind difference frequency coupler 105 is shared with the motor coil that is usually used in the electro-dynamic exciter.This coupler 105 can be the resolution element of preliminary dimension or diameter, be convenient to find out that its part as a motor coil of similar diameter follows the plane, may be as above pointed, selected one or more preferential driving transducer position that is used for surrounding a distribution pattern acoustic panels part, be positioned at especially or by firm end pieces 108 excitation, required upper frequency response is to realize by the tortuous mode oscillation in the acoustic panels diaphragm part 100 of a distribution pattern.During lower frequency, should can become more convenient and make the entire circumference of actuator/coupler 105 enter balance gradually by half flexible parts/plug 108, therefore the center of mass action produces gratifying reciprocating type running in low frequency.Select the basic tortuous frequency of this panel part 100 and the elasticity of coupler/actuator component 108,, in this frequency range,, gratifying result can be arranged by the reciprocating type tortuous vibration district of steadily changing into to allow sound power.This kind transformation more can be passed through a plurality of ladders of parts 108, or is assisted by the pointed cone shown in 108A.

Figure 11 A has helped the operation situation of decoupler 108, and its figure is delineated out and imposed on the required velocity variations of this acoustic panels, comprises the interval of intersection.When low frequency, should provide effective power to panel part 100 in a balanced shuttle mode by half submissive parts 108.When the mechanical damping of this vibration panel part 100 becomes significantly, and when preferred eccentric position was subjected to encouraging, the action meeting of this similar piston increased along with frequency and decays.Therefore, the responsiveness of being supplied with when high frequency is firm by this coupler, biasing the zone produced.

Figure 11 B shows the point of excitation of reciprocating type driving and distribution pattern again, the configuration scenario of the effective variation that takes place with frequency.When low frequency, this reciprocating type drive point mainly is positioned at center and mass centre.Along with frequency increases, be transferred to an off-centered zigzag waves point of excitation,, also have complicated coupler actuator diameter and position shape to be corrected by suitable Selection Floater design, with drive in or near preferable distribution pattern point, be used for the distribution of satisfied appropriate oscillation mode.

At last Fig. 7 A, among the B, the diameter range of the zigzag waves converter apparatus of this type is 150 to 200mm, " original " transducer position of a distribution pattern panel part of the gratifying tortuous mode performance of possible operation, and it comes across the scope of 150Hz to 500Hz.Effectively reciprocating is promptly worked from 30Hz from low frequency, is used for an audio unit that is fit to, and when the panel part enters tortuous model domain, can have a down dip at an upper portion thereof.

The difference frequency performance of coupler of the present invention allows that meticulous improvement is used for the acoustic panels part of distribution pattern.For example, in a known panel, drive point is wished FREQUENCY CONTROL with the different variations that produce of frequency, be used in the special applications, such as in small outline package near limit wall place, and in the relevant response correction environment.The more than one grade and/or the size/area of half submissive parts or plug can be used on the suitable coupler of shape, gradually or progressively with frequency shifts in this Modular more or the most effective drive point, and help revising the sound of being launched.

Claims (30)

1. an audio unit, comprise that one extends the part that crosses its thickness, and can keep tortuous waveform, because with in a work audiorange, the area distribution of the mode of resonance of nature zigzag waves vibration on the surface of the required audio unanimity that reaches of this part, cause corresponding audio, wherein, the folding strength of this part is distributed in interior variation the in zone of part, make this part be suitable for producing the area distribution of the mode of resonance of this kind audio, described folding strength changes the higher and lower folding strength that comprises respectively at the not homonymy of the position of zigzag waves conversion equipment, its geometric center of folding strength misalignment of this part.

2. according to the audio unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that the mass centre of this part is positioned at its geometric center.

3. according to the audio unit of aforementioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that described folding strength changes the higher and lower folding strength that comprises respectively at the not homonymy in described part or described zone.

4. according to the audio unit of claim 2, it is characterized in that the distribution of described folding strength has a high center and a low center at the not homonymy of this regional geometric center of described part.

5. according to the audio unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that the bigger and less thickness of this part corresponds respectively to distribution higher of folding strength and than low-intensity.

6. according to the audio unit of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that this part has additional mass, this additional mass makes that described audio is unaffected.

7. according to the audio unit of claim 6, it is characterized in that the quality of each additional mass is enough low, the sound behavior of lower frequency is unaffected, and have the device that interrelates with this part, be used for the behavior of upper frequency sound each additional mass uncoupling.

8. according to the audio unit of claim 6, it is characterized in that additional mass is arranged on the described part, make the mass centre of described part and described additional mass be positioned at the mass centre zone in addition of this part.

9. audio unit according to Claim 8 is characterized in that, the mass centre of described part and described additional mass overlaps with the geometric center of described part.

10. according to the audio unit of claim 5, it is characterized in that, described part is a sandwich, has the top layer on core, core has the cell confining wall, the different thickness of extend past between described top layer, and the cell of qualification different cross section size are so that the described folding strength that is provided on the described part changes.

11. audio unit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described part is a sandwich, has the top layer on core, core has the cell confining wall, the different thickness of extend past between described top layer, the cell confining wall has different thickness, so that the described folding strength that is provided on the described part changes.

12. the audio unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the variation of described folding strength comprises the local adaptation member of at least one this part, has the ditch in the described part, groove or otch.

13. audio unit according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, the localized variation that folding strength distributes partly limits a zone of described part, described zone has the effective area distribution of lower frequency zigzag waves pattern, thereby a zigzag waves conversion equipment that is positioned at described zone effectively with described Mode Coupling, to produce a voice output.

14. the audio unit according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the localized variation that described folding strength distributes limits a zone of described part, and the zigzag waves vibration that makes higher frequency mode cause exceeds described zone.

15., it is characterized in that this part has such structure according to each audio unit in the claim 1 to 2, promptly have a top layer, folding strength changes and is produced by the parameter change on top layer.

16. the audio unit according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the thickness on top layer is a described top layer parameter.

17. the audio unit according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the poplar formula modulus on top layer is a described top layer parameter.

18. according to claim 1,2,5,10,11,13,14 or 15 audio unit, it is characterized in that comprise the acoustic transducer device, it has zigzag waves and piston effect, it is positioned at and makes described zigzag waves converter apparatus produce the position of described audio.

19. a loudspeaker drive unit comprises: a frame; One is bearing in the conversion equipment on the frame; One hard lightweight panels diaphragm, it is according to claim 1,2,5,10,11,13,14 or 15 audio unit, this panel diaphragm and conversion equipment drive coupling; And an elastic edge Suspension, around this diaphragm, this diaphragm is installed on the frame; Wherein, conversion equipment is used for driven diaphragm reciprocating motion under relatively low sound frequency, produces voice output, vibrates this diaphragm at higher sound frequency with zigzag waves, make diaphragm resonance produce voice output, conversion equipment work is coupling in the quality and/or the geometric center of diaphragm.

20. the loudspeaker drive unit according to claim 19 is characterized in that, diaphragm is circular or oval.

21. the loudspeaker drive unit according to claim 19 is characterized in that, diaphragm comprises the cellular core of the lightweight that is clipped between the relative top layer.

22. the loudspeaker drive unit according to claim 21 is characterized in that, one of top layer extends beyond an edge of diaphragm, and the marginal portion on the top layer of extension is attached on the elasticity Suspension.

23. each the loudspeaker drive unit according in the claim 19 is characterized in that diaphragm is the distribution pattern resonant panel.

24. each the loudspeaker drive unit according in the claim 19 is characterized in that, conversion equipment is an electromagnetic type, comprises a moving coil, is installed on the coil pipe, and coil pipe work is coupling on the diaphragm.

25. the loudspeaker drive unit according to claim 24 is characterized in that, comprises the second elasticity Suspension, is connected between coil pipe and the frame.

26. the loudspeaker drive unit according to claim 25 is characterized in that, coil pipe one end is connected with diaphragm, and the described second elasticity Suspension is arranged near the described end of coil pipe, and one the 3rd elasticity Suspension is connected between the other end and frame of coil pipe.

27. according to claim 24 in each loudspeaker drive unit, it is characterized in that, be coupled roughly to drive panel diaphragm on one point near the end of the coil pipe of panel diaphragm.

28. the loudspeaker drive unit according to claim 27 is characterized in that, comprises conical device, is connected between coil pipe and the panel diaphragm.

29. loud speaker comprises according to each the driver element in the claim 19.

30. according to claim 1,2,5,10,11,13,14 or 15 audio unit, it is characterized in that described part has the zigzag waves conversion equipment, to produce described sound behavior, its position is by the area distribution decision of described folding strength.

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