CN115786733A - Method and equipment for separating lithium and metal impurities from lithium-containing liquid mineral product - Google Patents
Method and equipment for separating lithium and metal impurities from lithium-containing liquid mineral product Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003672 gas field water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 boron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 21
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium;diborate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002332 oil field water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;diborate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and equipment for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral product, which are beneficial to simplifying the process flow related to a process for extracting lithium from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The method comprises the following steps: a lithium extraction process and an impurity removal process; when the lithium extraction process is positioned before the impurity removal process, the second solution to be treated is the first solution to be treated after the lithium extraction process; when the lithium extraction process is positioned after the impurity removal process, the first liquid to be treated is the second liquid to be treated after the impurity removal process; the impurity removal step includes a step of extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities of divalent or higher in the second liquid to be treated at a time, and the step includes an operation of forming precipitation nuclei and a boron compound in the second liquid to be treated, raising the pH of the second liquid to be treated, and precipitating the at least two kinds of metal impurities of divalent or higher in the form of borate using the precipitation nuclei.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to a technology for extracting lithium from lithium-containing liquid mineral products such as salt lake brine, underground brine, oil-gas field water, geothermal water and the like, in particular to a method and equipment for separating lithium and metal impurities from the lithium-containing liquid mineral products.
Background
With the revolution of energy industry, the demand of lithium ion secondary batteries is rising continuously, and the production of lithium ore mainly made of spodumene is difficult to meet the demand, so that the attention is paid to the extraction of lithium from lithium-containing liquid mineral products such as salt lake brine, underground brine, oil-gas field water, geothermal water and the like. At present, the metal impurities need to be separated in steps and each step is performed by a one-to-one corresponding measure respectively (for example, the target metal is separated from the liquid phase by an adsorption, precipitation or extraction manner), so that the process flow associated with the process for extracting lithium from the lithium-containing liquid mineral is very complicated, and the problems of long process flow, low productivity and high cost are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present application provide methods and apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral, which help to simplify the process flow associated with a process for extracting lithium from a lithium-containing liquid mineral.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral product, comprising: a lithium extraction step for extracting lithium from a first solution to be treated derived from the lithium-containing liquid mineral; an impurity removal process for extracting metal impurities in a second solution to be treated from the lithium-containing liquid mineral; when the lithium extraction process is positioned before the impurity removal process, the second solution to be treated is the first solution to be treated after the lithium extraction process; when the lithium extraction process is positioned after the impurity removal process, the first liquid to be treated is the second liquid to be treated after the impurity removal process; the impurity removal step includes a step of extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities of divalent or higher in the second liquid to be treated at a time, and the step includes an operation of forming precipitation nuclei and a boron compound in the second liquid to be treated, raising the pH of the second liquid to be treated, and precipitating the at least two kinds of metal impurities of divalent or higher in the form of borate using the precipitation nuclei.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect described above, the at least two divalent or more metal impurities include at least one of magnesium ions and calcium ions.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect, the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating one or more divalent metal ions in the second liquid to be treated in the form of a hydroxide, which can be formed at a lower pH than magnesium hydroxide.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect described above, the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating magnesium ions in the second liquid to be treated as magnesium hydroxide.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect, the precipitation nuclei are formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect, the at least two divalent or more metal impurities further include boron ions.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect described above, the boron compound specifically employs boric acid or borax.
As an optimization and/or embodiment to the method of the first aspect above, the lithium-containing liquid mineral is salt lake brine, underground brine oil and gas field water, or geothermal water.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect described above, the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating metal ions of a first one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated in the form of a first hydroxide that can be formed at a lower pH than a second hydroxide formed by metal ions of a second one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect described above, the precipitation nuclei are formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect above, the process further comprises the operation of filtering the precipitate out of the liquid phase in which the precipitate is located.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect, the lithium extraction step uses a lithium selective adsorbent to extract lithium in the first solution to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect, in the lithium extraction step, lithium in the first solution to be treated is extracted by using a lithium precipitator.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect, the first solution to be treated is a solution of the lithium-containing liquid ore after physical filtration pretreatment.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the method of the first aspect, the second liquid to be treated is a liquid obtained by subjecting the lithium-containing liquid ore to physical filtration pretreatment.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for separating lithium and metallic impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral, comprising: a lithium extraction device for extracting lithium from a first solution to be treated from the lithium-containing liquid mineral; impurity removal equipment for extracting metal impurities from a second solution to be treated of the lithium-containing liquid mineral; when the lithium extraction equipment is positioned before the impurity removal process, the second liquid to be treated is the liquid obtained by the first liquid to be treated passing through the lithium extraction equipment; when the lithium extraction equipment is positioned behind the impurity removal equipment, the first liquid to be treated is the liquid obtained by the second liquid to be treated passing through the impurity removal equipment; the impurity removing equipment is provided with a device for extracting at least two metal impurities with more than two valences in the second liquid to be treated at one time, and the device can increase the pH value of the second liquid to be treated and precipitate the at least two metal impurities with more than two valences in the form of borate by using the precipitation nuclei after the precipitation nuclei and the boron compound are formed in the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect, the apparatus comprises, connected in series: a first treatment module comprising a first vessel and a first addition means for adding the boron compound to the second liquid to be treated in the first vessel; a second treatment module comprising a second container and a second addition component for adding a base to the second liquid to be treated in the second container to increase the pH of the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect described above, the first treatment module and/or the second treatment module further comprises a third feeding means for adding borate as the precipitation nuclei to the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect described above, the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating metal ions of a first one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated in the form of a first hydroxide that can be formed at a lower pH than a second hydroxide formed by metal ions of a second one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect described above, the precipitation nuclei are formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect above, the boron compound specifically employs boric acid or borax.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect, the lithium-containing liquid mineral is salt lake brine, underground brine, oil-gas field water or geothermal water.
As an optimization and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect above, the apparatus further comprises a filter for filtering the precipitate out of the liquid phase in which the precipitate is located.
As an optimisation and/or embodiment of the apparatus of the second aspect above, at least the second of the first and second containers is integral with the filter; when the second container and the filter are integrated, the second container is used as a liquid cavity to be filtered of the filter; when the first container and the second container are integrated with the filter, the first container and the second container are the same container, and the same container is used as a liquid cavity to be filtered of the filter.
Because lithium and other alkali metals (such as sodium and potassium) exist in the lithium-containing liquid mineral product in the form of monovalent metal ions, and the rest metal impurities in the lithium-containing liquid mineral product are more than divalent metal ions which are mainly alkaline earth metal (magnesium and calcium) ions, based on the situation, more than divalent metal impurities can be extracted as far as possible at the same time, so that the aim of simplifying the process flow related to the process for extracting lithium from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product is fulfilled. Because the method of the first aspect and the apparatus of the second aspect adopt corresponding technical means to extract at least two kinds of metal impurities in the second solution to be treated at one time, the at least two kinds of metal impurities are not required to be separated in steps and each step is respectively separated by one-to-one corresponding measure, thereby achieving the purpose of simplifying the process flow related to the process for extracting lithium from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product.
The present application is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to assist in understanding the present application and are included to explain, by way of example, the present embodiments and are not intended to limit the present embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral product according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these teachings. Before describing the present application in conjunction with the drawings, it is noted that:
the technical solutions and features provided in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict. Furthermore, where possible, these aspects, features and combinations of features may be given the same technical subject matter as what is claimed in the related patent.
The embodiments of the application referred to in the following description are generally only some embodiments, rather than all embodiments, on the basis of which all other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art without inventive step should be considered within the scope of patent protection.
With respect to the terms and units in this specification: the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification and in the claims and following claims are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. Other related terms and units can be reasonably construed based on the description to provide related contents.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from lithium-containing liquid mineral includes a lithium extraction apparatus 11 and an impurity removal apparatus 12. The lithium extraction device 11 is used for extracting lithium from the first solution to be treated 101 of the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The impurity removal device 12 is used for extracting metal impurities in the second solution to be treated 102 from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. And the lithium extraction equipment 11 is positioned before the impurity removal equipment, and the second solution to be treated is the first solution to be treated after passing through the lithium extraction equipment 11. The impurity removing device 12 has a device for extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities of more than two kinds of valences in the second liquid to be treated at a time, and the device can increase the pH of the second liquid to be treated and precipitate the at least two kinds of metal impurities of more than two kinds of valences in the form of borate by using the precipitation nuclei after the precipitation nuclei and the boron compound are formed in the second liquid to be treated.
Specifically, the lithium-containing liquid mineral product is salt lake brine, and the first solution to be treated 101 is a liquid obtained by physically filtering and pretreating the salt lake brine.
The physical filtration pretreatment can adopt a filter element type filter, a filter element is detachably arranged in the filter element type filter, and the salt lake brine is filtered through the filter element. The smaller the filter pores of the filter element, the higher the filtering precision, generally, the filter element with the average pore diameter of less than 20 microns or even smaller can be adopted, so that the suspended particulate matters in the salt lake brine can be sufficiently removed.
Specifically, the apparatus includes a first processing module 121, a second processing module 122, and a filter 123 connected in series.
The first treatment module 121 includes a first container 121a and a first feeding means 121b for adding the boron compound to the second liquid to be treated in the first container 121a and a third feeding means 121c for adding borate as the precipitation nuclei to the second liquid to be treated. The boron compound is typically boric acid or borax. The borate is preferably a borate suitable as a precipitation nucleus.
Of course, in order to ensure sufficient mixing, a mixing structure, such as a stirring paddle or the like, capable of sufficiently mixing the additive added through the first and third adding members 121b and 121c with the second liquid to be treated may be further provided in the first container 121 a.
The second treatment module 122 includes a second container 122a and a second adding part 122b for adding a base to the second liquid to be treated in the second container 122a to increase the pH of the second liquid to be treated. The alkali used herein may be sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. During the operation of the second treatment module 122, at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second solution to be treated are precipitated in the form of borate by increasing the pH of the second solution to be treated and using the precipitation nuclei.
Also, in order to ensure sufficient mixing, a mixing structure, such as a paddle, etc., capable of sufficiently mixing the additive added through the second adding member 122b with the second liquid to be treated may be further provided in the second container 122 a.
The filter 123 is used to filter the precipitate out of the liquid phase in which it is present. This filter 123 may be a filter cartridge type filter in which a filter cartridge is detachably mounted, and filtration is realized by the filter cartridge. The smaller the filter pores of the filter element, the higher the filtration accuracy, and generally, a filter element with an average pore size of less than 10 μm or even smaller can be used, so that the precipitate can be sufficiently removed.
The lithium extraction device 11 specifically adopts a lithium selective adsorbent to extract lithium in the first solution to be treated 101, the lithium extraction mode is the existing one (the lithium extraction mode is adopted for the lithium extraction process by the adsorption method of salt lake brine), and the optional lithium selective adsorbent mainly comprises an aluminum system, a titanium system, a manganese system and the like.
A method for separating lithium and metallic impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral is provided using the apparatus shown in fig. 1. The method comprises a lithium extraction process and an impurity removal process. The lithium extraction process is used for extracting lithium from the first solution to be treated 101 of the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The impurity removal process is used for extracting metal impurities in the second solution to be treated 102 from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The lithium extraction step is performed before the impurity removal step, and the second solution to be treated 102 is the first solution to be treated 101 after the lithium extraction step. The impurity removal step includes a step of extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities of divalent or higher in the second liquid to be treated 102 at a time, and the step includes an operation of forming precipitation nuclei and a boron compound in the second liquid to be treated 102, raising the pH of the second liquid to be treated, and precipitating the at least two kinds of metal impurities of divalent or higher in the form of borate using the precipitation nuclei.
Specifically, the lithium-containing liquid mineral product is salt lake brine, and the first solution to be treated 101 is a liquid obtained by physically filtering and pretreating the salt lake brine.
[ description of the working principle of the process ]
Many dissolved metals above the divalent level in solution can precipitate from solution in the form of the hydroxide of the metal. For example, magnesium and calcium in salt lake brine can form magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide at higher pH values. However, hydroxides of these metals tend to be easily re-dissolved. It is known that metal borates are very insoluble, such as magnesium borate and calcium borate, and that their volume is small. However, metal borates are difficult to prepare. It has been shown that when precipitation nuclei and a boron compound (usually referred to as boric acid or borax) are formed in a solution, increasing the pH of the solution enables the metal borate to be formed by the combined action of the precipitation nuclei and the pH. This technique is provided in chinese patent publication No. CN105873644B (and its equivalent patent publications).
The patent literature indicates that: the metal forms a solid, hardly soluble (in relation to the metal) precipitate by the combined action of the boron compound and the pH by utilizing precipitation nuclei formed in another precipitation reaction. This "other precipitation reaction" in which a suitable precipitation nucleus is formed may be the precipitation of another metal, typically an iron hydroxide, which occurs at a lower pH than the hydroxide precipitation of the metal in question. This other precipitation reaction, in which precipitation nuclei are formed, can also take place outside the mixture, in which the actual precipitation of the metal takes place in insoluble form; in this case, the obtained precipitation nuclei (for example, borates of the same metal or different metals) are added to the mixture from the outside (see paragraph [0021] of the specification).
The patent literature also states that: laboratory tests clearly show that metal borates cannot be prepared by merely mixing the reagents together, but rather conditions of increasing pH are also required so that the metals each precipitate first as a hydroxide in their own precipitation range and when the boron compound introduced is present in the process it will adhere to the hydroxide as it forms so that the metal borate is formed by the combined action of pH and precipitation nuclei consisting of hydroxide or already formed borate. Thus, the mechanism of formation of metal borates is a combination of chemistry and hydrometallurgy: initially, the chemical reaction requires precipitation nuclei known from metallurgical processes. This observation seems to be previously unknown and was found in conjunction with these experiments. This explains to a large extent the reason why literature data on the preparation of metal borates is so lacking (see paragraph [0043] of the specification).
The patent literature indicates that: borates are formed when the concentration increases and the pH changes, and also after suitable precipitation nuclei have been formed in the reaction or they have been added to start the reaction. Experiments have shown that for most metals, the hydroxide of the metal itself does not act as such a core. Instead, the metal's own borate ligand acts as a nucleus after the reaction first begins. In most cases it is sufficient that the process comprises a further metal which precipitates as a hydroxide at a pH lower than the pH of the hydroxide precipitate for the metal intended to be borated. Therefore, hydroxides of other metals act as precipitation nuclei in an excellent manner. Such metals are, for example, iron, which precipitates even at relatively low pH (see paragraph [0044] of the specification).
The patent literature indicates that: each metal has a detectable pH at which precipitation to the hydroxide begins, and a higher pH at which precipitation is strongest. However, for most metals, as the pH is further increased, the hydroxide begins to re-dissolve. Thus, such metals that precipitate as hydroxides at lower pH values (sufficiently close to the metal to be borated) should be selected as precipitation nuclei so that no time for re-dissolution to occur, or metals that do not re-dissolve should be selected as precipitation nuclei. Examples of the latter include Fe, cu, ni and Cd. Iron is clearly characterized in that no re-dissolution occurs when the pH is increased. Iron is also useful in the sense that it is already contained in the bulk of the material to be treated. Thus, in process mixtures where the pH is gradually or inherently increased, the iron already present can be used as an auxiliary (see paragraph [0045] of the description).
The patent literature indicates that: laboratory tests also show that when borate ligands of any metal begin to form in solution, these formed precipitation nuclei are present in the concentrate for all metals. Thus, a precipitation phase is necessary for the process and is particularly important for starting the reaction (see paragraph [0046] of the specification).
The patent literature indicates that: if the metal to be precipitated as borate does not comprise any metal suitable for forming precipitation nuclei, or if only one metal is to be precipitated, precipitation nuclei, in particular precipitation nuclei in the form of borate already formed, may be introduced from the outside (see paragraph [0047] of the specification).
The patent literature indicates that: it has been found that solutions for the precipitation of harmful metals are treated in such a way that the precipitation of harmful metals is brought to a completely harmless form in an advantageous manner. According to this method, the concentration is increased and the pH is changed from 7 to 11.5 in a continuous manner. The operating range can start at a lower pH and end with a higher pH; in other words, it includes the stated range of pH variation. Depending on the metal to be precipitated present in the material to be treated, the increase can be stopped at a pH value below 11.5 (see paragraph [0048] of the description).
The technical problem of the above patent documents is mainly to reduce environmental pollution by precipitating metals in a stable state in the pickling field and the metal contamination prevention field.
The inventor of the application focuses on the industry for extracting lithium from lithium-containing liquid mineral products such as salt lake brine, underground brine and the like for a long time, and the inventor of the application is aware of the problems of long process, low productivity and high cost in the industry.
Although the technical field to which the technical solution documents of the above patent belong and the technical problems to be solved are greatly different from the present application, the invention of the present application still sharply recognizes that the similar ideas can be used for improving the current process of extracting lithium from lithium-containing liquid minerals.
In addition to lithium, lithium-containing liquid minerals such as salt lake brine and underground brine often contain metal impurities such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and boron (these metal impurities are also often useful resources), wherein the sodium and potassium exist in the form of monovalent metal ions, the rest are mainly metal ions with more than two valences, the contents of magnesium and calcium are higher, and the magnesium hydroxide and the calcium hydroxide can be produced at higher pH values.
It is known that magnesium hydroxide can be produced at lower pH values than calcium hydroxide. Therefore, in one embodiment, the precipitation nuclei may be formed by precipitating magnesium ions in the second liquid to be treated as magnesium hydroxide. A specific manner of precipitating the magnesium ions in the second liquid to be treated as magnesium hydroxide may be to add a base to the second liquid to be treated. After magnesium hydroxide and boron compound are formed in the second liquid to be treated, adding alkali continuously to raise the pH value of the second liquid to be treated, so that calcium can be precipitated in the form of borate, and the calcium borate can be used as a precipitation nucleus to precipitate magnesium in the form of borate. Thus, magnesium and calcium in the second liquid to be treated can be extracted at one time.
In one embodiment, the precipitation nuclei may be formed by precipitating ions of one or more divalent metal (which may be represented by M) in the second liquid to be treated in the form of hydroxide, which can be formed at a lower pH than magnesium hydroxide. Thus, it is expected that the metal M other than magnesium and calcium in the second liquid to be treated is extracted at one time (the hydroxide of the metal M can be formed at a lower pH than magnesium hydroxide).
In one embodiment, the precipitation nuclei may also be formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated. The borate is added through the third feeding unit 121c.
In this embodiment, the pH of the second liquid to be treated may be specifically raised to 12 or higher (e.g. 12.5) so as to precipitate magnesium and calcium more sufficiently.
The method and the device for separating lithium and metal impurities from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product in the embodiment have the advantages that the process flow related to the process for extracting lithium from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product is simplified, and even more than divalent metal impurities of all kinds (such as magnesium, calcium and boron) in the second liquid to be treated can be removed at one time after lithium extraction.
The embodiment has potential significance particularly for the innovation of the lithium extraction industry of the salt lake, and is mainly reflected in that: the simplification of the process flow is expected to reduce the production cost of the lithium extraction process in the salt lake; the simplified process for extracting lithium from the salt lake is more green; the process has selectivity on metal impurities with more than two valences, so that the recovery rate of alkali metals such as potassium, sodium and the like is improved; the obtained borate precipitate contains at least two metals, and can be respectively recovered by a pyrometallurgical method according to the boiling points of different metals. These meanings (both technical and commercial) are likely to be insufficiently expressed at the time of filing this application, but are fully foreseeable.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral product includes a lithium extraction apparatus 11 and an impurity removal apparatus 12. The lithium extraction device 11 is used for extracting lithium from the first solution to be treated 101 of the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The impurity removal device 12 is used for extracting metal impurities in the second solution to be treated 102 from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The lithium extraction device 11 is located behind the impurity removal device, and the first solution to be treated 101 is a liquid obtained by passing the second solution to be treated 102 through the impurity removal device 12. The impurity removing device 12 has a device for extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities of more than two kinds of valences in the second liquid to be treated at a time, and the device can increase the pH of the second liquid to be treated and precipitate the at least two kinds of metal impurities of more than two kinds of valences in the form of borate by using the precipitation nuclei after the precipitation nuclei and the boron compound are formed in the second liquid to be treated.
Specifically, the lithium-containing liquid mineral is salt lake brine, and the second solution to be treated 102 is a liquid obtained by physically filtering and pretreating the salt lake brine.
The physical filtration pretreatment can adopt a filter element type filter, a filter element is detachably arranged in the filter element type filter, and the salt lake brine is filtered through the filter element. The smaller the filter pores of the filter element, the higher the filtering precision, generally, the filter element with the average pore diameter of less than 20 microns or even smaller can be adopted, so that the suspended particulate matters in the salt lake brine can be sufficiently removed.
Specifically, the apparatus includes a first processing module 121, a second processing module 122, and a filter 123 connected in series.
The first treatment module 121 includes a first container 121a and a first feeding part 121b for adding the boron compound to the second liquid to be treated in the first container 121a and a third feeding part 121c for adding borate as the precipitation nuclei to the second liquid to be treated. The boron compound is typically boric acid or borax. The borate is preferably a borate suitable as a precipitation nucleus.
Of course, in order to ensure sufficient mixing, a mixing structure, such as a stirring paddle or the like, capable of sufficiently mixing the additive added through the first and third adding members 121b and 121c with the second liquid to be treated may be further provided in the first container 121 a.
The second treatment module 122 includes a second container 122a and a second adding part 122b for adding a base to the second liquid to be treated in the second container 122a to increase the pH of the second liquid to be treated. The alkali used herein may be sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. During the operation of the second treatment module 122, at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second solution to be treated are precipitated in the form of borate by increasing the pH of the second solution to be treated and using the precipitation nuclei.
Also, in order to ensure sufficient mixing, a mixing structure, such as a paddle, etc., capable of sufficiently mixing the additive added through the second adding member 122b with the second liquid to be treated may be further provided in the second container 122 a.
The filter 123 is used to filter the precipitate out of the liquid phase in which it is present. This filter 123 may adopt a filter element type filter in which a filter element is detachably mounted, and filtration is realized by the filter element. The smaller the filtration pore of the filter element, the higher the filtration precision, and generally, the filter element with the average pore diameter of less than 10 microns or even smaller can be adopted, so that the sediment can be sufficiently removed.
The lithium extraction device 11 specifically extracts lithium in the first solution to be treated 101 by using a lithium precipitator, the lithium extraction method is the existing one (the lithium extraction method is adopted for the precipitation method lithium extraction process of salt lake brine), and the optional lithium selective adsorbent is mainly alkali.
A method for separating lithium and metallic impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral is provided using the apparatus shown in fig. 2. The method comprises a lithium extraction process and an impurity removal process. The lithium extraction process is used for extracting lithium from the first solution to be treated 101 of the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The impurity removal process is used for extracting metal impurities in the second solution to be treated 102 from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product. The lithium extraction process is located after the impurity removal process, and the first solution to be treated 101 is a solution obtained by passing the second solution to be treated 102 through the impurity removal device 12. The impurity removal step includes a step of extracting at least two kinds of divalent or higher metal impurities in the second solution to be treated 102 at a time, and the step includes an operation of forming precipitation nuclei and boron compounds in the second solution to be treated 102, raising the pH of the second solution to be treated, and precipitating the at least two kinds of divalent or higher metal impurities as borates using the precipitation nuclei.
Specifically, the lithium-containing liquid mineral is salt lake brine, and the second solution to be treated 102 is a liquid obtained by physically filtering and pretreating the salt lake brine.
In this embodiment, the precipitation nuclei are formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated. The borate is added through the third feeding unit 121c.
In this embodiment, the pH of the second liquid to be treated may be specifically raised to 12 or higher (e.g. 12.5) so as to precipitate magnesium and calcium more sufficiently.
The method and the equipment for separating lithium and metal impurities from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product have the advantages that the process flow related to the process for extracting lithium from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product is simplified, and even more than divalent metal impurities of all kinds (such as magnesium, calcium and boron) in the second liquid to be treated can be removed once before lithium extraction, so that better conditions are created for the subsequent lithium extraction process, the use amount of a lithium precipitator is reduced, and the lithium extraction efficiency is improved.
Also, the above embodiments have potential significance particularly for the innovation of the lithium extraction industry of salt lakes, mainly represented by: the simplification of the process flow is expected to reduce the production cost of the lithium extraction process in the salt lake; the simplified process for extracting lithium from the salt lake is more green; the process has selectivity on metal impurities with more than two valences, so that the recovery rate of alkali metals such as potassium, sodium and the like is improved; the obtained borate precipitate contains at least two metals, and can be subsequently and respectively recovered by a pyrometallurgical method according to the boiling points of different metals. Also, these meanings (both technical and commercial) are likely not to be fully expressed at the time of filing this application, but are fully foreseeable.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, the equipment for separating lithium and metal impurities from lithium-containing liquid mineral products is improved on the basis of the equipment shown in FIG. 1 by an impurity removing device 12. As shown in fig. 3, the impurity removing device 12 has a device for extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities with more than two valences from the second solution to be treated at a time, and the device comprises a first treatment module 121 and a precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 124 which are connected in series.
The first treatment module 121 includes a first container 121a and a first feeding means 121b for adding the boron compound to the second liquid to be treated in the first container 121a and a third feeding means 121c for adding borate as the precipitation nuclei to the second liquid to be treated. The boron compound is typically boric acid or borax. The borate is preferably a borate suitable as a precipitation nucleus.
Of course, in order to ensure sufficient mixing, a mixing structure, such as a stirring paddle or the like, capable of sufficiently mixing the additive added through the first and third adding members 121b and 121c with the second liquid to be treated may be further provided in the first container 121 a.
The integrated precipitation, filtration and concentration machine 124 comprises a reactor 124a, a second feeding member 124b for adding alkali to the second liquid to be treated in the reactor 124a to increase the pH of the second liquid to be treated, and a filter element disposed in the reaction chamber of the reactor 124a, wherein the smaller the filter pores of the filter element are, the higher the filtration precision is, and generally, the filter element with the average pore size of 10 microns or less can be used, so that the precipitate can be sufficiently removed. The alkali used herein may be sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. In the working process of the precipitation reaction and filtration concentration all-in-one machine 124, at least two metal impurities with more than two valences in the second liquid to be treated are precipitated in a borate form by increasing the pH value of the second liquid to be treated and utilizing the precipitation nuclei; the second liquid to be treated can then be filtered directly in the reactor 124a by the filter element of the filter device.
Also, in order to ensure sufficient mixing, a mixing structure, such as a stirring paddle or the like, capable of sufficiently mixing the additive added through the second adding part 124b with the second liquid to be treated may be provided in the reactor 124 a.
In this embodiment, the second treatment module 122 and the filter 123 in the previous embodiment are integrated into a precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 124. Therefore, the floor area of the impurity removing equipment 12 can be obviously saved, and the manufacturing and using cost of the equipment is reduced.
The apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from lithium-containing liquid mineral shown in fig. 3 may be further modified such that: more than two precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machines 124 are arranged, and the high-alkalinity liquid filtered out by the filtering device of at least one precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 124 is recycled by at least one other precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 124 (through the corresponding second feeding part 124 b). Thus, the method is favorable for saving the use of alkali and improving the effect of removing at least two metal impurities with more than two valences.
It is noted that the manner of disposing the filter elements of the filter device in the reaction chamber of the reactor 124a includes, but is not limited to, disposing the filter elements on the inner wall of the bottom of the reactor 124a along an annular space.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method and an apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the equipment for separating lithium and metal impurities from lithium-containing liquid mineral products is improved on the basis of the equipment shown in FIG. 3 by an impurity removing device 12. As shown in fig. 4, the impurity removing device 12 has a device for extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities with two or more valences from the second solution to be treated at a time, and the device includes a precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 125.
The integrated precipitation reaction and filtration concentration machine 125 comprises a reactor 125a and a first feeding part 125b for adding the boron compound to the second liquid to be treated in the reactor 125a and a third feeding part 125c for adding a borate as the precipitation nucleus to the second liquid to be treated. The boron compound is typically boric acid or borax. The borate is preferably a borate suitable as a precipitation nucleus. In addition, the integrated precipitation reaction and filtration concentration machine 125 further includes a second feeding member 125d for adding an alkali to the second liquid to be treated in the reactor 125a to increase the pH of the second liquid to be treated, and a filter element of the filter device is disposed in the reaction chamber of the reactor 125a, and the smaller the filter pores of the filter element are, the higher the filtration precision is, and generally, the filter element having an average pore size of 10 μm or less may be used, so that the precipitate can be sufficiently removed. The alkali used herein may be sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. Likewise, to ensure adequate mixing, mixing structures, such as paddles, are provided within the reactor 125 a.
During the operation of the precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 125, the corresponding additives can be added to the second solution to be treated through the first feeding part 125b and the third feeding part 125c, and then the alkali can be added to the second solution to be treated through the second feeding part 125 d.
Therefore, the first treatment module 121 is also integrated into the precipitation reaction and filtration concentration all-in-one machine 125, so that the floor area of the impurity removal equipment 12 can be further saved, and the manufacturing and use cost of the equipment can be reduced.
Similarly, the apparatus for separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral shown in fig. 4 may be modified such that: more than two precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machines 125 are arranged, and the high alkaline liquid filtered out by the filtering device of at least one precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 125 is recycled by at least one other precipitation reaction and filtration concentration integrated machine 125 (through the corresponding second feeding part 125 d).
The contents of the present application are explained above. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these teachings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the description above without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of patent protection.
Claims (18)
1. A method of separating lithium and metal impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral, comprising:
a lithium extraction step for extracting lithium from a first solution to be treated derived from the lithium-containing liquid mineral;
an impurity removal process for extracting metal impurities in a second solution to be treated from the lithium-containing liquid mineral product;
when the lithium extraction process is positioned before the impurity removal process, the second solution to be treated is the first solution to be treated after the lithium extraction process;
when the lithium extraction process is positioned after the impurity removal process, the first liquid to be treated is the second liquid to be treated after the impurity removal process;
the method is characterized in that:
the impurity removal step includes a step of extracting at least two kinds of metal impurities of divalent or more in the second liquid to be treated at a time,
the process comprises the operations of increasing the pH value of the second liquid to be treated and precipitating the at least two metal impurities of more than two valencies in the form of borate by using precipitation nuclei after the precipitation nuclei and the boron compound are formed in the second liquid to be treated.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the at least two divalent or more metal impurities include at least one of magnesium ions and calcium ions.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating one divalent or more metal ions in the second liquid to be treated as a hydroxide which can be formed at a lower pH than magnesium hydroxide;
or, the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating magnesium ions in the second liquid to be treated as magnesium hydroxide;
alternatively, the precipitation nuclei are formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: the at least two divalent or more metal impurities further include boron ions.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the boron compound is boric acid or borax.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the lithium-containing liquid mineral product is salt lake brine, underground brine, oil-gas field water or geothermal water.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating metal ions of a first one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated as a first hydroxide that is capable of being formed at a lower pH than a second hydroxide formed by metal ions of a second one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated;
alternatively, the precipitation nuclei are formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the process further comprises the operation of filtering the precipitate from the liquid phase in which the precipitate is located.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the lithium extraction process, lithium in the first solution to be treated is extracted by adopting a lithium selective adsorbent;
or, in the lithium extraction step, lithium in the first solution to be treated is extracted by using a lithium precipitator.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: the first liquid to be treated is liquid obtained by carrying out physical filtration pretreatment on the lithium-containing liquid ore;
or the second liquid to be treated is the liquid of the lithium-containing liquid ore after physical filtration pretreatment.
11. An apparatus for separating lithium and metallic impurities from a lithium-containing liquid mineral, comprising:
a lithium extraction device for extracting lithium from a first solution to be treated from the lithium-containing liquid mineral;
impurity removal equipment for extracting metal impurities from a second solution to be treated of the lithium-containing liquid mineral;
when the lithium extraction equipment is positioned in front of the impurity removal equipment, the second liquid to be treated is the liquid obtained by the first liquid to be treated passing through the lithium extraction equipment;
when the lithium extraction equipment is positioned behind the impurity removal equipment, the first liquid to be treated is the liquid obtained by the second liquid to be treated passing through the impurity removal equipment;
the method is characterized in that:
the impurity removing device is provided with a device for extracting at least two bivalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated at one time,
the device can increase the pH value of the second liquid to be treated and utilize the precipitation nucleus to precipitate the at least two metal impurities with more than two valences in the form of borate after the precipitation nucleus and the boron compound are formed in the second liquid to be treated.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the means comprises, connected in series:
a first treatment module comprising a first container and a first addition means for adding the boron compound to the second liquid to be treated in the first container;
a second treatment module comprising a second container and a second addition means for adding a base to the second fluid to be treated in the second container to increase the pH of the second fluid to be treated.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein: the first treatment module and/or the second treatment module further comprises a third feeding means for adding borate as the precipitation nuclei to the second liquid to be treated.
14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein: the precipitation nuclei are formed by precipitating metal ions of a first one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated as a first hydroxide that is capable of being formed at a lower pH than a second hydroxide formed by metal ions of a second one of the at least two divalent or more metal impurities in the second liquid to be treated;
alternatively, the precipitation nuclei are formed by adding borate to the second liquid to be treated.
15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein: the boron compound is boric acid or borax.
16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein: the lithium-containing liquid mineral product is salt lake brine or underground brine.
17. The apparatus of claim 11, 12 or 13, wherein: the apparatus further comprises a filter for filtering the precipitate out of the liquid phase in which the precipitate is located.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein: at least the second container of the first and second containers is integral with the filter; when the second container and the filter are integrated, the second container is used as a liquid cavity to be filtered of the filter; when the first container and the second container are integrated with the filter, the first container and the second container are the same container, and the same container is used as a liquid cavity to be filtered of the filter.
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