CN115782956A - Steel rail fault monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Steel rail fault monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a method and a device for monitoring rail faults. The invention provides independent ultrasonic output power signals, can detect the completeness of an independent power amplifier circuit, can detect the disconnection state of an antenna connected with the device, and can detect whether a steel rail connected with the device is in a disconnection state. The invention can avoid the judgment error of the vehicle-mounted antenna state caused by the single CPU fault or the single-path detection circuit fault by depending on the independent double CPUs. The signal in the coding format is used as the signal integrity monitoring basis of the broken rail transmitting end and the receiving end, and the correctness of the result of the integrity monitoring of the steel rail caused by devices with uncertain fault modes of the transducer and the receiving sensor can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a method and a device for monitoring rail faults.
Background
With the development of high-speed and heavy-duty railways in China, the safety of railway transportation becomes more and more important, and the breakage of steel rails (particularly turnout rail pieces) becomes one of the main risks of safety of work. The switch point rail and point rail are movable parts, and are fixed on the stock rail or wing rail by means of conversion equipment, and the transverse forces acting on the point rail and point rail are borne by the stock rail and wing rail, and after the point rail and point rail are broken, they are only fixed by means of locking device at the traction point, and have no fastener and can be fastened, so that they are in free state, and can easily result in train derailing accident. Integrity testing of a rail means that the system is able to detect a break or crack in the rail.
The prior art includes a variety of approaches, classified as based on electrical characteristics and non-electrical characteristics. For example, the track circuit transmits an electrical signal from one end of the steel rail to the other end, and the receiver of the track circuit detects the signal voltage to judge whether the steel rail is broken, but the method cannot detect the crack of the steel rail; ultrasonic detection belongs to the transmission of non-electrical signals through a steel rail, and the signals are transmitted from a transmitting end to a receiving end through physical vibration, so that the integrity of the steel rail can be detected according to the voltage and signal characteristics of the receiving end.
However, in the prior art, a judgment error caused by a common cause of a power supply cannot be avoided when a steel rail is detected, and the cause of a fault is not easy to analyze after the fault occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a steel rail fault monitoring method and a steel rail fault monitoring device, which are used for solving the problems that a judgment error caused by power supply common causes cannot be avoided when a steel rail is detected in the prior art, and the fault causes are difficult to analyze after the fault occurs.
A rail fault monitoring method, the monitoring method comprising:
the main control module of the monitoring host machine outputs an electric signal to the transducer arranged at one end of the steel rail, the transducer outputs sound waves after receiving the electric signal, the sound waves are transmitted to the other end of the steel rail and received by the receiving sensor, and the receiving sensor transmits the converted electric signal back to the main control module; the monitoring host monitors the integrity of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module;
outputting temperature information to a main control module of a monitoring host through a rail temperature measuring module arranged on a steel rail; the monitoring host monitors the temperature of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module.
Further, the monitoring host is transmitted to an indoor maintenance terminal through a communication module in a wired PLC mode, and the indoor maintenance terminal outputs received command information to alarm through an audible and visual alarm device;
the alarm device is arranged indoors, receives alarm signals from the monitoring host and gives an alarm in an acousto-optic mode.
Furthermore, the main control module adopts a two-out-of-two combined type failure-safety design structure and is composed of two channels;
when the two channels are inconsistent in the decoding result, the two channels are compared, and then the fault is guided to the safety side of the system; and when the double channels display faults, an alarm signal is output.
Furthermore, the analog work output circuit on the main control module adopts a single electronic circuit with a detection circuit, the output power amplifier voltage circuit is provided with an independent detection circuit which is respectively collected by the double CPU channels of the module after being electrically isolated, and the current signal which is connected with the outside adopts a double-channel non-contact Hall sensor circuit which is respectively collected by the double CPU channels of the module.
Furthermore, the communication module forwards communication information between the main control module and the indoor maintenance terminal through a security protocol, so that wired communication transmission of the main control module is converted into wireless communication transmission of the indoor maintenance terminal.
A device for monitoring the fault of a steel rail,
the monitoring device includes: a rail integrity monitoring device and a rail temperature monitoring device;
the device for monitoring the integrity of the steel rail comprises a main control module of a monitoring host machine, wherein the main control module outputs an electric signal to a transducer arranged at one end of the steel rail, the transducer outputs sound waves after receiving the electric signal, the sound waves are transmitted to the other end of the steel rail through the steel rail and received by a receiving sensor, and the receiving sensor transmits the converted electric signal back to the main control module; the monitoring host monitors the integrity of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module;
the rail temperature monitoring device outputs temperature information to the monitoring host main control module through a rail temperature measuring module arranged on a rail; the monitoring host monitors the temperature of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module.
Further, the monitoring host is transmitted to an indoor maintenance terminal through a communication module in a wired PLC mode, and the indoor maintenance terminal outputs received command information to alarm through an audible and visual alarm device;
the alarm device is arranged indoors, receives an alarm signal from the monitoring host and gives an alarm in an acousto-optic mode.
Furthermore, the main control module adopts a combined failure-safety design structure of two-out-of-two, and consists of two channels;
when the two channels are inconsistent in the decoding result, the two channels are compared, and then the fault is guided to the safety side of the system; and when the double channels display faults, an alarm signal is output.
Furthermore, the analog work output circuit on the main control module adopts a single electronic circuit with a detection circuit, the output power amplifier voltage circuit is provided with an independent detection circuit which is respectively collected by the double CPU channels of the module after being electrically isolated, and the current signal which is connected with the outside adopts a double-channel non-contact Hall sensor circuit which is respectively collected by the double CPU channels of the module.
Furthermore, the communication module forwards communication information between the main control module and the indoor maintenance terminal through a security protocol, so that wired communication transmission of the main control module is converted into wireless communication transmission of the indoor maintenance terminal.
The invention relates to a safe structure for fault guiding, which adopts a transformer isolation circuit and a communication isolation circuit and can avoid judgment errors caused by power supply common causes.
The invention has the advantages of rich maintenance data, easy understanding of fault reasons after faults, fault analysis and easy application of the intelligent fault diagnosis device to the point type train control system.
The invention provides independent ultrasonic output power signals, can detect the completeness of an independent power amplifier circuit, can detect the disconnection state of an antenna connected with the device, and can detect whether a steel rail connected with the device is in a disconnection state.
The invention can avoid the judgment error of the vehicle-mounted antenna state caused by the single CPU fault or the single-path detection circuit fault by depending on the independent double CPUs.
The signal in the coding format is used as the signal integrity monitoring basis of the broken rail transmitting end and the receiving end, and the correctness of the result of the integrity monitoring of the steel rail caused by devices with uncertain fault modes of the transducer and the receiving sensor can be solved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an external interface of a monitoring host;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the monitoring host internal module and external interface;
FIG. 3 shows a master control module schematic;
fig. 4 shows a flow chart of the rail condition determination logic.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the field of railway transportation safety, the breaking of rails (especially turnout rail members) has become one of the major risks for work safety. The switch point rail and point rail are movable parts, and are fixed on the stock rail or wing rail by means of conversion equipment, and the transverse forces acting on the point rail and point rail are borne by the stock rail and wing rail, and after the point rail and point rail are broken, they are only fixed by means of locking device at the traction point, and have no fastener and can be fastened, so that they are in free state, and can easily result in train derailing accident. Integrity testing of a rail means that the system is able to detect a break or crack in the rail.
In the prior art, a judgment error caused by power supply common causes cannot be avoided when a steel rail is detected, and meanwhile, the cause of a fault is not easy to analyze after the fault occurs.
Therefore, the invention provides a steel rail fault monitoring method and a steel rail fault monitoring device.
The invention discloses a steel rail fault monitoring system (called TRBMS for short), which is a system capable of monitoring the health state of a movable point rail of a turnout in an on-line, real-time, high-safety and all-weather manner. The turnout broken rail monitoring system consists of a measuring point device, a monitoring host (a broken rail monitoring host system or a broken rail monitoring host unit) and an alarm device. The point measuring device is arranged on the switch rail and the point rail, is used for acquiring and transmitting signals, and comprises a broken rail monitoring module and a rail temperature measuring module. The broken rail monitoring module comprises an energy converter and a receiving sensor, wherein the energy converter converts an electric signal into a sound wave signal, and the receiving sensor converts the sound wave signal into an electric signal. And the rail temperature measuring module can measure the temperature of the steel rail. The monitoring host machine is used for processing the measuring point data, judging the rail break state and outputting alarm information and comprises a power supply module, a communication module and a main control module. The alarm device is arranged indoors, receives an alarm signal from the monitoring host, and alarms and reminds people in an acousto-optic mode.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a rail fault monitoring method,
the monitoring method comprises the following steps: monitoring rail integrity and rail temperature;
monitoring the integrity of the steel rail, wherein a main control module of a monitoring host outputs an electric signal to a transducer arranged at one end of the steel rail, the transducer outputs a sound wave after receiving the electric signal, the sound wave is transmitted to the other end of the steel rail through the steel rail and received by a receiving sensor, and the receiving sensor transmits the converted electric signal back to the main control module; the monitoring host monitors the integrity of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module;
monitoring the temperature of the steel rail, and outputting temperature information to a main control module of a monitoring host through a rail temperature measuring module arranged on the steel rail; the monitoring host monitors the temperature of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module.
In specific implementation, the integrity of the steel rail can be analyzed through the transmission data of the sound waves in the steel rail. The sound waves can be reflected at the welding part, the sleeper and the fracture part to form echoes with different characteristics, the sound wave energy is uniformly attenuated along with the propagation distance in the uniform steel rail, the welding part, the sleeper and the fracture part can form rapid damping attenuation with different degrees on the original sound wave, and various data information including integrity of the steel rail can be obtained by analyzing the energy and the frequency spectrum waveform of the original sound wave and the echoes.
The rail temperature measuring module is used for monitoring the temperature of the steel rail, so that abnormal temperature change can be found, workers are reminded to check in time, accidents are avoided, and the rail traffic safety is improved.
In the embodiment, the monitoring host is transmitted to the indoor maintenance terminal through the communication module in a wired PLC mode, and the indoor maintenance terminal outputs the received command information to alarm through the sound-light alarm device;
the alarm device is arranged indoors, receives an alarm signal from the monitoring host and gives an alarm in an acousto-optic mode.
During specific implementation, the monitoring host and the alarm device are separately arranged, so that better centralized management can be realized. The computer lab can be placed in unison to the monitoring host computer, and alarm device can place in the alarm room in unison, is favorable to arranging personnel to concentrate the management and control, reduces staff's quantity, promotes work efficiency.
In this embodiment, the main control module adopts a "two-out-of-two" combined failure-safety design structure, and is composed of two channels;
when the two channels are inconsistent in the decoding result, the two channels are compared, and then the fault is guided to the safety side of the system; and when the double channels display faults, an alarm signal is output.
In the specific implementation, in the combined fault-safety design structure of two-out-of-two, only when two channels output fault signals, the alarm signal is finally output. The use of redundant structures greatly increases stability. And for single fault caused by random failure of hardware, an error signal sent by single-channel failure is avoided.
In this embodiment, the analog power output circuit on the main control module adopts a single electronic circuit with a detection loop, the output power amplifier voltage circuit has an independent detection circuit, and the detection circuit is electrically isolated and then acquired by the two module CPU channels, and the current signal connected with the outside adopts a two-channel contactless hall sensor circuit and then acquired by the two module CPU channels.
During specific implementation, a transformer isolation circuit and a communication isolation circuit are adopted, so that judgment errors caused by power supply common causes can be avoided.
In this embodiment, the communication module forwards communication information between the main control module and the indoor maintenance terminal through a security protocol, so that wired communication transmission of the main control module is converted into wireless communication transmission of the indoor maintenance terminal.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a rail fault monitoring device,
the monitoring device includes: a rail integrity monitoring device and a rail temperature monitoring device;
the device for monitoring the integrity of the steel rail comprises a main control module of a monitoring host machine, a transducer, a receiving sensor and a signal processing module, wherein the main control module outputs an electric signal to the transducer arranged at one end of the steel rail; the monitoring host monitors the integrity of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module;
the rail temperature monitoring device outputs temperature information to the monitoring host main control module through a rail temperature measuring module arranged on a rail; the monitoring host machine monitors the temperature of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module.
In the embodiment, the monitoring host is transmitted to the indoor maintenance terminal through the communication module in a wired PLC mode, and the indoor maintenance terminal outputs the received command information to alarm through the sound-light alarm device;
the alarm device is arranged indoors, receives an alarm signal from the monitoring host and gives an alarm in an acousto-optic mode.
In this embodiment, the main control module adopts a two-out-of-two combined failure-safety design structure, and is composed of two channels;
when the two channels are inconsistent in the decoding result, the two channels are compared, and then the fault is guided to the safety side of the system; and when the double channels display faults, an alarm signal is output.
In this embodiment, the analog power output circuit on the main control module adopts a single electronic circuit with a detection loop, the output power amplifier voltage circuit has an independent detection circuit, and the detection circuit is electrically isolated and then acquired by the two module CPU channels, and the current signal connected with the outside adopts a two-channel contactless hall sensor circuit and then acquired by the two module CPU channels.
In this embodiment, the communication module forwards communication information between the main control module and the indoor maintenance terminal through a security protocol, so that wired communication transmission of the main control module is converted into wireless communication transmission of the indoor maintenance terminal.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the principles of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:
the rail fault monitoring system (hereinafter referred to as 'TRBMS') can be used for monitoring broken rails of turnouts and is a system capable of monitoring the health condition of movable point rails of turnouts on line, in real time, in high safety and all weather. The turnout broken rail monitoring system consists of a measuring point device, a monitoring host (a broken rail monitoring host system or a broken rail monitoring host unit) and an alarm device. The measuring point device is arranged on the point rail and used for acquiring and transmitting signals, and the measuring point device comprises a broken rail monitoring module and a rail temperature measuring module as shown in figure 1. The broken rail monitoring module comprises an energy converter and a receiving sensor, wherein the energy converter converts an electric signal into a sound wave signal, and the receiving sensor converts the sound wave signal into an electric signal. And the rail temperature measuring module can measure the temperature of the steel rail. And the monitoring host machine is used for processing the measuring point data, judging the rail break state and outputting alarm information, and comprises a power supply module, a communication module, a main control module and an interface board, as shown in figure 1. The alarm device is arranged indoors, receives alarm signals from the monitoring host, and alarms and reminds people in an acousto-optic mode.
The main control module outputs an electric signal to a transducer of the measuring point device, the transducer arranged at one end of the steel rail outputs sound waves, the sound waves are transmitted to the other end of the steel rail to be received by a receiving sensor of the measuring point device, and the receiving sensor transmits the converted electric signal back to the main control module of the monitoring host; the main control module outputs a rail breaking state to the communication module after processing data, the rail breaking state is transmitted to the indoor maintenance machine through the communication module in a wired PLC mode, and the indoor maintenance machine outputs received command information to alarm maintenance personnel through the sound-light alarm device. The rail temperature measuring module is installed on the steel rail, temperature information is output to the monitoring host main control module, the main control module packs the information and transmits the information to the communication module, and the information is transmitted to the indoor maintenance machine by the communication module.
As shown in fig. 1, the monitoring host external interface includes:
1) And the system adopts an external power supply device to supply power, and the power supply voltage is 220V alternating current.
2) And the broken rail monitoring host unit and the broken rail monitoring module interface comprise 6 transducers and 6 receiving sensors. The energy converter interface is used for providing 6 paths of power output voltage signals by the rail breakage monitoring host unit; the receiving sensor interface receives a 6-rail voltage signal from the rail break monitoring host unit; and for the transducer and the receiving sensor, the broken rail monitoring host unit has an impedance matching interface function.
3) The broken rail monitoring host unit is connected with the 6-rail temperature measuring module to acquire rail temperature; the broken rail monitoring host unit provides a 24V power supply for the 6-path temperature measuring module.
4) The rail breakage monitoring host unit is connected with the maintenance terminal through a PLC communication interface, remote transceiving communication is achieved between the rail breakage monitoring host unit and the maintenance terminal through a PLC communication mode, the maintenance terminal configures relevant parameters of the rail breakage monitoring host unit through PLC communication, and the rail breakage monitoring host unit reports a rail breakage detection result (the rail breakage detection result is output to the alarm device through the maintenance terminal device to send out an audible and visual alarm).
5) The maintenance interface is configured on the broken rail monitoring host unit, and the interface form is as follows:
a) LED indicator light-indicating equipment working state, communication state, steel rail break detection state and the like;
b) USB interface-record data unloading;
c) A program upgrade interface;
6) The broken rail monitoring module comprises an energy converter and a receiving sensor, the energy converter converts an electric signal into a sound wave signal, and the receiving sensor converts the sound wave signal into the electric signal.
7) The rail temperature measuring module is a PT1000 temperature sensor, a constant current circuit is provided by the main control module, and the rail temperature measuring module 7 works under constant current, collects the temperature of the steel rail and is connected to the CPU1 of the main control module.
8) The power supply module is used for supplying power to the power supply module, and the input voltage of the power supply module is AC 220V; and a wide-range input power supply module is selected, the PCB design is compatible for packaging, and the output voltage provides two independent power supplies for the main control module. Meanwhile, the AC220V power supply unit of the power supply module has a power line carrier communication function and a PLC communication function. The PLC communication picked up and received on the AC220V power supply is converted into UART serial communication signals to be output to the communication module 9, the data sent by the communication module 9 is sent to the power supply board through UART serial communication, and the power supply board converts the UART serial communication into power carrier waves to be superposed on the AC220V power supply line to be output to the outside of the system.
9) The communication module has the following functions:
(1) The method comprises the steps that safe communication is carried out with a maintenance terminal in a PLC transmission mode, and configuration information of the maintenance terminal, such as information of an alarm interval period, track parameter information and the like, is received; uploading monitoring result information of rail breakage, working state of a host computer, equipment fault information, other maintenance record information and the like.
(2) The PLC for recording external communication records maintenance information sent by the sending module and the receiving module, and records analog signals of the receiving sensor.
And the communication module can perform remote timing (timing once every 2 hours, and timing precision error is 120 s) on the broken rail monitoring host unit in a maintenance terminal wired communication mode.
And the communication module has the function of Internet of things NB wireless communication, can send recorded data to an external wireless receiving unit and is used for maintaining system faults.
10 Interface board, as shown in fig. 1, the interface board mainly implements transducer transmission impedance matching, a communication signal interface, a maintenance test interface, a software program burning interface, and implements a protection function for corresponding signals. The transmission impedance matching is characterized in that a transformer, a cable, a transducer and a steel rail output by the main control equipment do not belong to pure resistive devices, so that the matching problem of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance in different sine wave frequencies is solved. After the transducer and the receiving sensor are installed on a steel rail through cables and the cable connecting equipment forms a complete system, a bridge instrument is adopted to test the inductance of the test point of the transmission matching module on the interface board, and adaptive inductance or capacitance is installed according to the inductance.
11 The main control module adopts a double-CPU electronic structure and has a communication function of double-channel data interaction.
The monitoring host has 6 power output voltage test interfaces and 6 receiving rail voltage test interfaces.
The system adopts a combined fault-safety design, the interior of the system also comprises a reactive fault-safety design, and the combined fault-safety design and the inherent fault-safety design principle protect single fault so as to ensure that the influence of the single fault of the hardware of the system meets the requirement of the random integrity of the SIL 4. The national standard GB/T20438.1 defines the target amount of safety function loss for different safety integrity levels in a low demand mode of operation and in a high demand/continuous mode of operation, with SIL4 being the highest requirement.
The main control module adopts a two-out-of-two combined failure-safety design structure and consists of two channels. When the two channels are inconsistent in the decoding result, the two channels are compared, and then the fault is guided to the safety side of the system; the module dual channels receive commands of the communication module through a security protocol at the same time, the dual channels use command information after comparing and receiving the commands, and when the commands are not compared, the command system is judged to be lost to the security side; for a single fault occurrence caused by hardware random failure, a single-channel failure may be caused, but due to a two-out-of-two processing mechanism, the fault is guided to the safe side of the system.
The analog work output circuit on the main control module adopts a single electronic circuit with a detection circuit, the output power amplifier voltage circuit has an independent detection circuit which is respectively collected by the module double CPU channels after being electrically isolated, the current signal which is connected with the outside is respectively collected by the module double CPU channels by adopting a double-channel non-contact Hall sensor circuit, the module double CPU channels collect and process work output voltage and current information and then compare the result, the work output fault is judged if the work output voltage and the current information are inconsistent or consistent and are faults, and the fault is guided to the safety side of the system. For a single fault occurrence caused by a random failure of hardware, the sending module may detect to direct the system to a safe state.
The interface board adopts the principle of inherent failure-safety design. The interface board is a passive device, and according to the failure mode and the credibility certification guidance provided by EN50129 annex C, the failure mode is considered to be impossible to occur through the design analysis of the manufacturing process and the index test measurement of various components.
The communication module does not bear a safety function, and the communication module forwards communication information between the main control module and the maintenance terminal through a safety protocol, so that wired communication transmission of the main control module is converted into wireless communication transmission of the maintenance terminal.
The system has the following characteristics:
(1) And outputting an excitation function for the broken rail monitoring module, and outputting at least 6 paths of continuous sine wave power signal information by the broken rail monitoring host unit. 3 level adjustments, 300Vpp, 500Vpp, 800Vpp;
(2) Receiving and analyzing the information of the broken rail monitoring module, receiving at least 6 paths of continuous sine wave power signal information by the broken rail monitoring host unit, and analyzing the complete state (broken or complete) of 6 paths of steel rails through the received power information;
(3) The function of impedance matching with the broken rail monitoring module is achieved;
(4) The maintenance terminal wireless communication function is used for carrying out safe communication with the maintenance terminal in a wireless transmission mode and receiving configuration information of the maintenance terminal, such as information of an alarm interval period, track parameter information and the like; uploading monitoring result information of rail breakage, working state of a host, equipment fault information, other maintenance record information and the like;
(5) The rail break monitoring host unit has the functions of internal power-on self-checking and periodic self-checking, and when a fault is detected, a fault record is generated and alarm information is output;
(6) The communication timing function can remotely correct the broken rail monitoring host unit in a terminal wireless communication maintenance mode (the correction is performed once every 2 hours, and the timing precision error is 120 s);
(7) The rail temperature acquisition function can acquire the temperature of the rail through the rail temperature measurement module and report the temperature to the maintenance terminal;
(8) The constant current source function is provided for the receiving sensors, the constant current source is provided for 6 paths of receiving sensors, and each path of receiving sensors needs 24V/4mA constant current source for power supply;
(9) The system has a data recording function, and the system has a recording function and records working state information of equipment, rail monitoring result information of a host, fault information of the host, output voltage of a sending power, input voltage information of a receiving rail and the like;
(10) And the maintenance function, namely the rail break monitoring host unit should work normally or have a fault indication and a communication state indication.
As shown in fig. 2, the interface signals between the monitoring host and the outside mainly include:
(1) A power supply interface: the power supply voltage is AC220V, and the power supply fluctuation range is 176VAC to 253VAC. The external power requirement of the system is not less than 30W.
(2) The transducer interface: and 6 paths of power signals are output.
(3) Receiving a sensor interface: 6 paths of power signals are input, and 6 paths of constant current sources 24V/4mA are output.
(4) And a rail temperature measuring module interface.
(5) A PLC communication interface: and communicating with the maintenance terminal data transmission.
(6) Reserving a communication interface: and reserving one path of Ethernet interface for data transmission communication with the maintenance terminal and one path of wireless NB communication interface.
(7) Maintaining an interface: USB maintains interface, communication and simulation maintenance interface, LED display.
As shown in fig. 3, the main control module adopts a dual-electronic structure and has a dual-channel data interaction communication function;
(1) Sending independent 6 paths of power signals to the transducer; the transmitted signal is a CDMA encoded signal generated by the CPU, i.e., a sinusoidal signal characterized by a carrier frequency of 50kHz and a symbol frequency of 10 Hz. The specific information contained is: the sine wave of carrier frequency 50Khz is characterized in that phase conversion is carried out once every 10Hz, the conversion is code element message 1BIT, and the inversion can be that the phase at the carrier frequency conversion point is increased by 180 degrees or decreased by 180 degrees. The variations in the phase characteristics are represented as: increasing 180 degrees represents logic "1" information and decreasing 180 degrees represents logic "0" information. The characteristic forms a group of complete information messages by a coding mode, and the length of the information messages is 1023BIT or other fixed lengths. The information message is characterized in that: the method has the advantages of frame header, information packet time stamp, information report content and 32-bit CRC check of the information packet. The frame header is characterized in that: has a failure probability of 32BIT or more, meets SIL4 requirements, and the specific values of the frame header are well defined, each number representing one type of message. The system adopts a total of 15 fixed numbers to obtain the frame header. The information packet timestamp is characterized in that the time for sending the current message can be real-time according to the system time after the time correction of the system, and the precision can reach ms. The information content can reflect the current station information, the current up-down line information, the current turnout coding or section steel rail segment number, the current sending point sender number and other information according to the communication protocol specification. The 32-BIT CRC check of a packet is characterized by the CRC calculation of all BIT BITs before the CRC of the packet.
(2) The two CPUs are communicated with the communication module through RS422 communication channels, the communication module transparently transmits communication data and receives configuration information of the maintenance terminal, such as information of alarm interval period, track parameter information and the like; uploading monitoring result information of rail breakage, working state of a host, equipment fault information, other maintenance record information and the like;
(3) The main control module outputs 6 paths of constant current power supplies to the receiving sensor;
(4) The two channels of the main control module respectively receive 6 voltage signals from the receiving sensor and analyze the signals, as shown in fig. 4, the analysis of the signals is characterized by being processed in 9 steps; step 1: filtering, which is characterized in that the collected waveform filters the interference outside 60kHz after being filtered; step 2: multiplying the filtered data by a cosine signal of 50khz stored by a CPU, removing the carrier frequency in the signal to only leave the frequency of a code element and the frequency of 2 times of the carrier frequency, and carrying out low-pass filtering on the frequency of the code element and the frequency of 2 times of the carrier frequency to leave a code element signal; step 3, the code element signal is subjected to downsampling, the number of points of the signal is small, and the requirement on the capacity of a processor can be reduced; and 4, respectively correlating the stored 15 known frame headers with the code element information, considering the frame header information as 32 bits with the highest correlation degree in a 1023-bit serial port and larger than a set basic correlation degree index, and taking 1023 bits as a group of complete message information by the total of the current frame header and the information later. And 5, analyzing the message, wherein when the message information conforms to the CRC check passing value and is the message which is expected to be received by the receiver and sent by the sending end after the message information is analyzed, and the message is the information of the current expected steel rail segment number, the message is considered to be effective information. In this step, 1023 bits of access to a complete set of messages is used for the computation after 3 min. And 6, storing the information output by the step 4, wherein the total number of the information is 1023bit 2= 2046 bit. And 8, carrying out shift correlation operation on the current complete message information which is continuous for 2046 bits and the complete message information which is not continuous for 3 min. I.e. the complete message information 3min ago. And 9, judging the result, and is characterized in that: when the protocol in the steps 5 and 7 analyzes that the correct packet exists, the steel rail is considered to be complete, namely, the steel rail is not broken or damaged; when no correct packet exists in the protocol analysis in the steps 5 and 7, monitoring the result output in the step 8, performing threshold judgment on the maximum value of the relevant result in the step 8, and when the threshold is judged to be greater than 0.95 for 3 times continuously, judging that the steel rail is complete; when the judgment threshold value is less than 0.25 for 3 times continuously, the steel rail is broken; otherwise, the rail state is not determined.
(5) And the two CPUs of the main control module respectively send maintenance information to the recording module through UART serial ports.
In summary, the invention is a safety structure for fault-oriented safety, and a transformer isolation circuit and a communication isolation circuit are adopted, so that judgment errors caused by power supply common causes can be avoided.
The intelligent fault diagnosis device has the advantages of being rich in maintenance data, capable of easily knowing fault reasons after faults and analyzing the faults, and easily applied to the point type train control system.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of monitoring rail faults, the method comprising:
the main control module of the monitoring host machine outputs an electric signal to the transducer arranged at one end of the steel rail, the transducer outputs sound waves after receiving the electric signal, the sound waves are transmitted to the other end of the steel rail and received by the receiving sensor, and the receiving sensor transmits the converted electric signal back to the main control module; the monitoring host monitors the integrity of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module;
outputting temperature information to a main control module of a monitoring host through a rail temperature measuring module arranged on a steel rail; the monitoring host monitors the temperature of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module.
2. A rail fault monitoring method according to claim 1,
the monitoring host is transmitted to the indoor maintenance terminal through the communication module in a wired PLC mode, and the indoor maintenance terminal outputs received command information to alarm through the sound-light alarm device;
the alarm device is arranged indoors, receives an alarm signal from the monitoring host and gives an alarm in an acousto-optic mode.
3. A rail fault monitoring method according to claim 1,
the main control module adopts a two-out-of-two combined type failure-safety design structure and consists of two channels;
when the two channels are inconsistent in the decoding result, the two channels are compared, and then the fault is guided to the safety side of the system; and when the double channels display faults, an alarm signal is output.
4. A rail fault monitoring method according to claim 1,
the analog work output circuit on the main control module adopts a single electronic circuit with a detection circuit, the output power amplifier voltage circuit is provided with an independent detection circuit which is respectively collected by the double module CPU channels after electrical isolation, and the current signal which is connected with the external part adopts a double-channel non-contact Hall sensor circuit which is respectively collected by the double module CPU channels.
5. A rail fault monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the communication module forwards communication information between the main control module and the indoor maintenance terminal through a safety protocol, and wired communication transmission of the main control module is converted into wireless communication transmission of the indoor maintenance terminal.
6. A steel rail fault monitoring device is characterized in that,
the monitoring device includes: a rail integrity monitoring device and a rail temperature monitoring device;
the device for monitoring the integrity of the steel rail comprises a main control module of a monitoring host machine, wherein the main control module outputs an electric signal to a transducer arranged at one end of the steel rail, the transducer outputs sound waves after receiving the electric signal, the sound waves are transmitted to the other end of the steel rail through the steel rail and received by a receiving sensor, and the receiving sensor transmits the converted electric signal back to the main control module; the monitoring host monitors the integrity of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module;
the rail temperature monitoring device outputs temperature information to the monitoring host main control module through a rail temperature measuring module arranged on a rail; the monitoring host monitors the temperature of the steel rail through the received data and sends out an alarm signal through the communication module.
7. A rail fault monitoring apparatus according to claim 6,
the monitoring host is transmitted to the indoor maintenance terminal through the communication module in a wired PLC mode, and the indoor maintenance terminal outputs received command information to alarm through the sound-light alarm device;
the alarm device is arranged indoors, receives an alarm signal from the monitoring host and gives an alarm in an acousto-optic mode.
8. A rail fault monitoring apparatus according to claim 6,
the main control module adopts a combined failure-safety design structure of two-out-of-two, and consists of two channels;
when the two channels are inconsistent in the decoding result, the two channels are compared, and then the fault is guided to the safety side of the system; and when the double channels display faults, an alarm signal is output.
9. A rail fault monitoring apparatus according to claim 6,
the analog work output circuit on the main control module adopts a single electronic circuit with a detection circuit, the output power amplifier voltage circuit is provided with an independent detection circuit which is respectively collected by the double module CPU channels after electrical isolation, and the current signal which is connected with the external part adopts a double-channel non-contact Hall sensor circuit which is respectively collected by the double module CPU channels.
10. A rail fault monitoring apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
the communication module forwards communication information between the main control module and the indoor maintenance terminal through a security protocol, and wired communication transmission of the main control module is converted into wireless communication transmission of the indoor maintenance terminal.
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