CN115782321A - Composite metal strip, electrical contact, and method for manufacturing composite metal strip - Google Patents
Composite metal strip, electrical contact, and method for manufacturing composite metal strip Download PDFInfo
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- CN115782321A CN115782321A CN202211461203.1A CN202211461203A CN115782321A CN 115782321 A CN115782321 A CN 115782321A CN 202211461203 A CN202211461203 A CN 202211461203A CN 115782321 A CN115782321 A CN 115782321A
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite metal strip, an electrical contact and a manufacturing method of the composite metal strip. The composite metal strip comprises a first structural layer, a second structural layer and a third structural layer which are mutually stacked, wherein the second structural layer is made of brass alloy, and the thickness of the second structural layer accounts for 60% -90% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip; the first structural layer and the third structural layer are both made of copper-silver alloy, the thickness of the first structural layer accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip, and the thickness of the third structural layer accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip. The composite metal strip provided by the invention has good conductivity and high strength, is suitable for being used as a material of an electrical contact, and is beneficial to improving the reliability of the electrical contact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric switches, in particular to a composite metal strip, an electric contact and a manufacturing method of the composite metal strip.
Background
Electrical contacts are widely found in low voltage electrical appliances such as relays, control switches, etc., and can be used to conduct electrical current. The conductivity and strength of the electrical contacts have a significant impact on the performance and reliability of the switch. For example, good electrical conductivity of electrical contacts means less power loss through the switching device; the high strength of the electrical contact means that the electrical contact is not easy to deform and the switch is not easy to trigger by mistake or contact badly.
However, the electrical contact in the prior art is difficult to combine good electrical conductivity and high strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a composite metal strip which has good conductive performance and high structural strength.
The invention also provides an electrical contact made of the composite metal strip.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the composite metal belt.
The composite metal strip comprises a first structural layer, a second structural layer and a third structural layer which are arranged in a mutually-stacked mode, wherein the second structural layer is located between the first structural layer and the third structural layer; the second structural layer is made of brass alloy, and the thickness of the second structural layer accounts for 60% -90% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip; the first structural layer and the third structural layer are both made of copper-silver alloy, the thickness of the first structural layer accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip, and the thickness of the third structural layer accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip.
The composite metal strip according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: compared with pure copper, the copper-silver alloy has slightly lower conductivity than pure copper because the copper-silver alloy contains silver, but the strength of the copper-silver alloy is higher than that of the pure copper. The composite metal strip provided by the invention adopts the brass alloy with higher strength as the main body, the copper-silver alloy with higher strength than copper is adopted as the surface structure layer, and the overall strength of the composite metal strip is higher. Because the first structural layer and the third structural layer are made of copper-silver alloy with the conductivity close to that of copper, the conductivity of the outer part of the composite metal strip is better, and the overall conductivity of the composite metal strip is better than that of single brass alloy. Therefore, the electrical performance and the mechanical performance of each structural layer of the composite metal strip are complementary, and the composite metal strip has good electrical conductivity and high mechanical strength.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first structural layer has a silver content of less than or equal to 1% and the third structural layer has a silver content of less than or equal to 1%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the copper-silver alloy selected for the first structural layer is one of cuag0.03, cuag0.1, and cuag 0.3; the copper-silver alloy selected for the third structural layer is one of CuAg0.03, cuAg0.1 and CuAg0.3.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the brass alloy selected for the second structural layer is one of H62, H65, H70, and H85.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the material of the first structural layer and the third structural layer is the same, and the thickness of the first structural layer and the third structural layer is the same.
The electrical contact according to the second aspect of the present invention is made of the composite metal strip of the first aspect of the present invention.
The composite metal strip according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the electrical contact has good electrical conductivity and high mechanical strength.
A composite metal strip manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the invention includes: stacking a first strip, a second strip and a third strip in sequence to obtain a combined strip, wherein the first strip and the third strip are made of a copper-silver alloy having a silver content of less than 1%, and the second strip is made of a brass alloy; roll-compounding the combined strip to obtain a composite metal strip, such that: the thickness of the second strip material accounts for 60-90% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip, the thickness of the first strip material accounts for 5-20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip, and the thickness of the third strip material accounts for 5-20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip.
According to some embodiments of the invention, said roll-compounding said combined strip comprises: hot rolling compounding is carried out on the combined belt, so that the deformation amount of the combined belt after hot rolling compounding is greater than or equal to 55%; heat treating the composite strip; cold rolling the combined strip.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the composite strip is hot-rolled compounded, the composite strip is subjected to a protective atmosphere, which is ammonia decomposition gas or hydrogen.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the combined strip is subjected to hot rolling compounding while the combined strip is subjected to an environment having a temperature of 600 ℃ to 700 ℃; heat treating the composite strip comprises: and (3) keeping the temperature of the combined belt at 580-750 ℃ for 2-5min.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite metal strip of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the composite metal strip fabrication method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific steps of roll-cladding the assembled strip in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 100-composite metal strip, 101-first structural layer, 102-second structural layer, 103-third structural layer.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the present numbers, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the present numbers. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specifically limited, terms such as set, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention by combining the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1, the composite metal strip 100 of the present invention includes a first structural layer 101, a second structural layer 102, and a third structural layer 103. The first structural layer 101, the second structural layer 102 and the third structural layer 103 are stacked on top of each other, and the second structural layer 102 is located between the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103. The first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 are made of a copper-silver alloy, and the second structural layer 102 is made of a brass alloy. Moreover, the thickness of the second structural layer 102 accounts for 60% -90% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip 100, the thickness of the first structural layer 101 accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip 100, and the thickness of the third structural layer 103 accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip 100. Taking fig. 1 as an example, the thickness direction corresponds to the up-down direction in the drawing, and the thickness refers to the dimension in the up-down direction.
It should be noted that although the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 are made of the copper-silver alloy, the specific materials of the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 may be the same or different. The thickness of the first structure layer 101 may be the same as or different from that of the third structure layer 103.
The following explains how the composite metal strip 100 of the present invention can combine good electrical conductivity with high strength. In the invention, the conductivity is mainly evaluated by resistivity, and if the resistivity is low, the conductivity is good, and if the resistivity is high, the conductivity is poor; the strength (mechanical strength) is evaluated mainly by tensile strength and hardness, and if the tensile strength and hardness are high, the strength is high.
In the prior art, pure copper, brass, tin-phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, copper-iron or copper-steel composite belts are generally selected as materials of the electrical contact. Pure copper has a relatively low resistivity and good electrical conductivity, but has a relatively low tensile strength and hardness. Brass alloy, i.e. copper-zinc alloy, has high tensile strength and hardness, but poor electrical conductivity, and is susceptible to dezincification at high temperatures. The price of tin-phosphor bronze and beryllium copper is relatively high, which is not beneficial to reducing the cost of the electrical contact. If the copper-steel and copper-iron composite belt is used as the material of the electrical contact, the trend of an electric arc generated when the electrical contact is opened or closed is easily influenced due to the fact that the copper-steel and copper-iron composite belt contains iron, and switch failure or other safety risks are easily caused.
Compared with pure copper, the copper-silver alloy has slightly lower conductivity than pure copper because the copper-silver alloy contains silver, but the strength of the copper-silver alloy is higher than that of the pure copper. The composite metal strip 100 of the present invention uses a brass alloy with high strength as a main body (i.e., the thickness of the second structural layer 102 made of the brass alloy is higher than 60% of the total thickness), and the surface structural layer uses a copper-silver alloy with higher strength than copper, so that the overall strength of the composite metal strip 100 is high. Since first structural layer 101 and third structural layer 103 are made of a copper-silver alloy having a conductivity close to that of copper, the conductivity of the exterior portion of composite metal strip 100 is better, and the overall conductivity of composite metal strip 100 may be better than that of a single brass alloy. Therefore, the electrical properties and the mechanical properties of the structural layers of the composite metal strip 100 of the present invention are complementary, and the composite metal strip 100 has both good electrical conductivity and high mechanical strength.
Compared with the copper-steel and copper-iron composite belt in the prior art, the composite metal belt 100 mainly comprises copper alloy, the composite metal belt 100 does not contain iron (or the content of iron is very low), and if the composite metal belt 100 is used for manufacturing an electric contact, the arc trend of the electric contact is relatively stable and is not easily influenced. The material price of the copper-silver alloy and the brass alloy is lower than that of tin-phosphor bronze and beryllium copper, and the copper-silver alloy and the brass alloy have better hot working performance and lower processing difficulty; therefore, the composite metal strip 100 of the present invention has a low cost, which is advantageous for reducing the cost of the electrical contact.
In addition, with the composite metal strip 100 of the present invention, since the two side surfaces of the brass alloy are covered with the copper-silver alloy, the problems of dezincification of brass at high temperature and zinc deposition on the contact surface can be effectively solved, thereby contributing to the improvement of the reliability of the electrical contact.
The selection of specific materials for the composite metal strip 100 is further supplemented below.
In one embodiment, the silver content of the first structural layer 101 is less than or equal to 1% (and the silver content is greater than 0), and the silver content of the third structural layer 103 is less than or equal to 1% (and the silver content is greater than 0). Accordingly, the silver content of the copper-silver alloy selected for the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 should be not more than 1%. Since too high silver content may lead to poor conductivity of the copper-silver alloy, it is advantageous to set the silver content of the first structure layer 101 and the third structure layer 103 to be not more than 1% to ensure good conductivity of the composite metal strip 100.
More specifically, in one embodiment, the first structural layer 101 is made of one of cuag0.03, cuag0.1, and cuag0.3, and the third structural layer 103 is made of one of cuag0.03, cuag0.1, and cuag 0.3. The silver content of the copper-silver alloys is not more than 1 percent, and the copper-silver alloys have better conductivity.
In one embodiment, the brass alloy selected for the second structural layer 102 is one of H62, H65, H70, and H85. The brass alloys have high copper content and good conductivity; the material of the second structural layer 102 is set to one of the above brass alloys, which is beneficial to the second structural layer 102 having better conductivity and strength, so that the composite metal strip 100 has better conductivity and strength as a whole.
"cuag0.03", "cuag0.1" and "cuag0.3" are designations of copper-silver alloys and "H62", "H65", "H70" and "H85" are designations of brass alloys, which designations are well known to those skilled in the art, with the particular composition of the corresponding alloys and will not be described in detail herein.
As described above, the materials of the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 may be set to be the same or different, and the thicknesses thereof may be set to be the same or different. In one embodiment, the materials of the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 are the same, and the thicknesses of the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 are set to be the same. The advantage of the same material and thickness of the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 is that: the composite metal strip 100 is symmetrically arranged along the thickness direction of the composite metal strip, so that the conductive effect of the electrical contact is basically the same no matter the front surface or the back surface of the composite metal strip 100 is used for contacting other conductive parts of a switching device; accordingly, the fabricator need not deliberately distinguish between the front and back sides of the composite metal strip 100 when fabricating the composite metal strip 100 to form an electrical contact.
More specifically, in a particular embodiment, the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 are both made of cuag0.1, and the second structural layer 102 is made of H70; the thicknesses of the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 are the same and are both 0.16mm, the total thickness of the composite metal strip 100 is 1.3mm, the thickness of the second structural layer 102 is 0.98mm, and the width of the composite metal strip 100 is 30mm. The following are some parameters of the composite metal strip 100 obtained by the test.
The composite metal strip 100 of the present example was tested to have a resistivity of 3.755um Ω · cm (under a test environment of 20 ℃). Generally, a high-quality electrical contact connecting material generally requires that the resistivity is less than or equal to 4.0um omega cm (under the environment of 20 ℃), and the composite metal strip 100 meets the requirement and has good conductivity.
Through tests, the tensile strength of the composite metal strip 100 of the embodiment is 505-520MPa; the Vickers Hardness (HV) of CuAg0.1 selected for the first structural layer 101 and the third structural layer 103 is 110-120kgf/mm 2 The Vickers Hardness (HV) of the second structural layer 102 is 160-180kgf/mm 2 . The composite metal strip 100 has a good strength.
The invention also provides an electrical contact which is made of the composite metal strip 100. Since the composite metal strip 100 has both good conductivity and high strength, the electrical contact also has both good conductivity and high strength, and the performance and reliability of the switching device including the high-power contact are good.
The general process of forming the composite metal strip 100 into the electrical contact may be stamping or cutting a plurality of metal sheets from the composite metal strip 100, and then bending the metal sheets to convert the shapes of the metal sheets into the shapes required by the electrical contact to obtain the electrical contact. The shape of the electrical contacts depends on the requirements of the switching device and is not specifically illustrated here.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a composite metal strip 100, the method comprising the steps of:
s10: stacking a first strip, a second strip and a third strip in sequence to obtain a combined strip, wherein the first strip and the third strip are made of a copper-silver alloy with a silver content of less than 1% and the second strip is made of a brass alloy;
s20: the combined strip is roll-compounded to obtain a composite metal strip 100, such that: the thickness of the second strip material accounts for 60% -90% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip 100, the thickness of the first strip material accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip 100, and the thickness of the third strip material accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip 100.
By the above method, the composite metal tape 100 having both the good conductive performance and the high strength as described above can be manufactured.
In the above-described manufacturing method, the "combined tape" is a term provided for convenience of description of the steps, and the combined tape refers to a combined body formed by stacking the first tape, the second tape, and the third tape. After the combined strip is roll-compounded, the first strip, the second strip and the third strip are tightly combined with each other to form the composite metal strip 100. Composite metal strip 100 is a final product and the combined strip may be considered an intermediate product in the manufacturing process of composite metal strip 100.
After step S20, the first tape is used as the first structural layer 101, the second tape is used as the second structural layer 102, and the third tape is used as the third structural layer 103. Correspondingly, the first strip and the third strip are metal strips of a copper-silver alloy, and the second strip is a metal strip of a brass alloy. The materials of the first, second and third tapes may correspond to the materials of the first, second and third structural layers 101, 102 and 103, respectively, and are not repeated here.
In addition, before step S10, the surfaces of the first strip, the second strip and the third strip may be polished to improve the surface cleanliness of the first strip, the second strip and the third strip, so as to subsequently roll-compound the three strips.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, the step S20 of roll-cladding the combined strip to obtain the composite metal strip 100 may specifically include the following steps:
s21: hot rolling and compounding the combined belt to ensure that the deformation of the combined belt after hot rolling and compounding is more than or equal to 55 percent;
s22: heat treating the assembled tape;
s23: the assembled strip is cold rolled.
In step S21, the "deformation amount of the combined strip after hot rolling and hot rolling" mainly refers to the deformation amount in the thickness direction of the combined strip. A step S21 of compounding the first strip, the second strip, and the third strip with each other, the hot-rolled combined strip corresponding to a blank of the composite metal strip 100; the amount of deformation is 55% or more in order to ensure a sufficient degree of composite firmness between the strips. The heat treatment of step S22 can eliminate residual stress, further improving the composite firmness between the strips. After the step S22, the combined belt is softened to a certain extent, and the mechanical strength of the combined belt is slightly reduced; the cold rolling of step S23 is then used to enhance the mechanical strength of the combined strip after the heat treatment.
In performing step S21, the combined strip may be hot rolled in a protective atmosphere so as not to be oxidized. The protective atmosphere may be ammonia decomposition gas or hydrogen.
In the step S21, when the combined strip is hot-rolled and combined, the combined strip may be hot-rolled in an environment of 600 to 700 ℃. And performing heat treatment on the combined belt, specifically, keeping the temperature of the combined belt at 580-750 ℃ for 2-5min. More specifically, the combined strip may be hot rolled in a furnace tube at a temperature of 600 to 700 ℃, and the protective atmosphere may be introduced into the furnace tube. After the hot rolling is completed, the combined belt is conveyed to pass through another furnace for heat treatment, and the temperature of the furnace for heat treatment is 580-750 ℃.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Claims (10)
1. The composite metal strip is characterized by comprising a first structural layer, a second structural layer and a third structural layer which are mutually stacked, wherein the second structural layer is positioned between the first structural layer and the third structural layer;
the second structural layer is made of brass alloy, and the thickness of the second structural layer accounts for 60% -90% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip;
the first structural layer and the third structural layer are both made of copper-silver alloy, the thickness of the first structural layer accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip, and the thickness of the third structural layer accounts for 5% -20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip.
2. The composite metal strip of claim 1 wherein the first structural layer has a silver content of less than or equal to 1% and the third structural layer has a silver content of less than or equal to 1%.
3. The composite metal strip of claim 1 wherein the copper-silver alloy selected for the first structural layer is one of cuag0.03, cuag0.1, cuag0.3; the copper-silver alloy selected for the third structural layer is one of CuAg0.03, cuAg0.1 and CuAg0.3.
4. The composite metal strip of claim 1, wherein the brass alloy selected for the second structural layer is one of H62, H65, H70, and H85.
5. The composite metal strip according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the material of the first structural layer and the third structural layer are the same and the thickness of the first structural layer and the third structural layer are the same.
6. Electrical contact, characterized in that it is made of a composite metal strip according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A method of manufacturing a composite metal strip, comprising:
stacking a first strip, a second strip and a third strip in sequence to obtain a combined strip, wherein the first strip and the third strip are made of a copper-silver alloy having a silver content of less than 1%, and the second strip is made of a brass alloy;
roll-compounding the combined strip to obtain a composite metal strip, such that: the thickness of the second strip material accounts for 60-90% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip, the thickness of the first strip material accounts for 5-20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip, and the thickness of the third strip material accounts for 5-20% of the total thickness of the composite metal strip.
8. The method of manufacturing composite metal strip of claim 7, wherein said roll-compounding the composite strip comprises:
hot rolling compounding is carried out on the combined belt, so that the deformation amount of the combined belt after hot rolling compounding is greater than or equal to 55%;
heat treating the composite strip;
cold rolling the combined strip.
9. The method of manufacturing composite metal strip according to claim 8, wherein the combined strip is subjected to a protective atmosphere when the combined strip is hot-rolled, the protective atmosphere being ammonia decomposition gas or hydrogen gas.
10. The method of manufacturing composite metal strip as claimed in claim 8, wherein the combined strip is subjected to hot rolling compounding in an environment having a temperature of 600 ℃ to 700 ℃;
heat treating the composite strip comprises: and (3) keeping the temperature of the combined belt at 580-750 ℃ for 2-5min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211461203.1A CN115782321A (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Composite metal strip, electrical contact, and method for manufacturing composite metal strip |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211461203.1A CN115782321A (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Composite metal strip, electrical contact, and method for manufacturing composite metal strip |
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| CN115782321A true CN115782321A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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| CN202211461203.1A Pending CN115782321A (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Composite metal strip, electrical contact, and method for manufacturing composite metal strip |
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| CN (1) | CN115782321A (en) |
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