CN115773612A - Combined vibration isolation system of multiple refrigerators of space optical equipment and design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vibration isolation system of a refrigerator, in particular to a combined vibration isolation system of a plurality of refrigerators of space optical equipment and a design method thereof, which solve the technical problems of low vibration isolation efficiency and low space utilization rate of the existing vibration isolation system. According to the combined vibration isolation system of the multiple refrigerators of the space optical equipment and the design method thereof, multiple refrigerators can be flexibly selected to be subjected to vibration isolation as a whole in a fixing mode of series connection, parallel connection or combination of series connection and parallel connection and the like according to the requirements of space and vibration isolation efficiency, multiple vibration isolation schemes and vibration isolation structures can be selected, and the flexibility is high; meanwhile, the vibration isolation efficiency is high, the transverse space is greatly saved, the spatial layout is optimized, the difficulty of single-stage vibration isolation is reduced, and the precise vibration isolation design is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration isolation system of a refrigerator, in particular to a combined vibration isolation system of a plurality of refrigerators of space optical equipment and a design method.
Background
The infrared imaging device has the advantages of being capable of sensing target infrared waveband information, long in working distance, strong in anti-interference performance and the like, and is widely applied to various fields.
The infrared detector is an important component of the infrared imaging device, and in order to ensure the imaging quality of the infrared imaging device, the infrared detector and a box body where the infrared detector is located need to be refrigerated. The refrigerator often introduces a series of vibrations during the refrigeration process due to the presence of moving parts in the refrigerator. With the improvement of observation precision, the sensitivity of the infrared detector to vibration is higher and higher, so that the requirement on controlling the vibration magnitude of the refrigerator is higher and higher, and in order to meet the requirement on high-precision detection, the vibration suppression technology of the refrigerator is urgently needed to be researched.
In addition, the space optical system has high requirements on space utilization rate, and the installation space of the refrigerator and the vibration isolation assembly thereof is correspondingly severe. On the premise of ensuring the refrigeration function, it is also important to leave more space for the main functional module as much as possible.
The traditional vibration isolation system for the refrigerator usually performs single-stage or multi-stage vibration isolation on a single refrigerator, but the system structure of the method is complex, the vibration isolation efficiency is low, and the installation space is greatly occupied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low vibration isolation efficiency and low space utilization rate of the conventional vibration isolation system, and provides a combined vibration isolation system of a plurality of refrigerators of space optical equipment and a design method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a many refrigerators' of space optics equipment combination vibration isolation system, includes N refrigerator vibration isolation structure, refrigerator bearing structure 3, vibration sensitive face 4, many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7, wherein, N is the integer, and N is greater than or equal to 2, N refrigerator vibration isolation structure is used for corresponding N refrigerators of installation, is N refrigerator vibration isolation respectively, refrigerator bearing structure 3 fixes on vibration sensitive face 4 through many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7, and its special character lies in:
the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures are respectively fixed on the refrigerator supporting structures 3 and are used for realizing that the N refrigerators are fixed on the refrigerator supporting structures 3 in a parallel connection mode;
or, the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures are fixedly connected to the refrigerator supporting structure 3 from top to bottom in sequence, and are used for realizing that the N refrigerators are fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure 3 in a series connection mode.
Further, the N refrigerators are fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure 3 in a tiled mode or a stacked mode.
Furthermore, the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure 7 are located in the same plane, and the plane where the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure 7 are located passes through the mass center of the N refrigerators.
The utility model provides a many refrigerators' of space optics equipment combination vibration isolation system, includes N refrigerator vibration isolation structure, refrigerator bearing structure 3, vibration sensitive face 4, many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7, wherein, N is the integer, and N is greater than or equal to 3, N refrigerator vibration isolation structure is used for corresponding N refrigerators of installation, is N refrigerator vibration isolation respectively, refrigerator bearing structure 3 fixes on vibration sensitive face 4 through many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7, and its special character lies in:
the first i refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures in the N refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures are respectively fixed on the (i + 1) th refrigerating machine vibration isolation structure, the (i + 1) th refrigerating machine vibration isolation structure and the rest N- (i + 1) refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures are sequentially and fixedly connected to the refrigerating machine supporting structure 3 from top to bottom, and the N refrigerating machines are fixed on the refrigerating machine supporting structure 3 in a series and parallel combination mode, wherein i is an integer and is not less than 2 and not more than i and not more than N.
Furthermore, the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure 7 are located in the same plane, and the plane where the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure 7 are located passes through the mass center of the N refrigerators.
A design method of a combined vibration isolation system of a plurality of refrigerators of space optical equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
In step 1, N =2,N refrigerators are the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2.
Further, in step 3, the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 are fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure 3 in a parallel connection manner, and the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the transfer function T from the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 1 、T 2 、T 3 Respectively as follows:
in the formula, A b ＝(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+c 1 s+k 3 +k 2 +k 1 )(m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+k 2 )(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
-(c 1 s+k 1 ) 2 (m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+k 2 )-(c 2 s+k 2 ) 2 (m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
Wherein s is Laplace operator, M is the sum of the masses of the vibration sensitive surface 4, the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the refrigerator supporting structure 3, and M is 1 、m 2 、m 3 Mass of the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2, the refrigerator support structure 3, respectively, c 1 ,、c 2 ,、c 3 Damping k of the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7 respectively 1 、k 2 、k 3 A first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, a second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and a multi-systemThe rigidity of the cold machine overall vibration isolation structure 7.
Further, in step 3, the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 are fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure 3 in a series connection manner, and the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the transfer function T from the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 1 、T 2 、T 3 Respectively as follows:
in the formula, A ch ＝(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+k 3 +k 2 )(m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+c 1 s+k 2 +k 1 )(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
-(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+k 3 +k 2 )(c 1 s+k 1 ) 2 -(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )(c 2 s+k 2 ) 2
Wherein s is Laplace operator, M is the sum of the masses of the vibration sensitive surface 4, the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the refrigerator supporting structure 3, and M is 1 、m 2 、m 3 Mass of the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2, the refrigerator support structure 3, respectively, c 1 ,、c 2 ,、c 3 Damping k of the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7 respectively 1 、k 2 、k 3 A first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, a second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and a plurality ofThe stiffness of the overall vibration isolation structure 7 of the refrigerator.
Further, the step 4 specifically includes:
step 4.1, respectively substituting the vibration isolation efficiency required by the refrigerator supporting structure 3 at the specified frequency and the vibration isolation efficiency when the frequency ratio of the vibration isolation system to the vibration to be isolated is 1 into the following formula, and calculating to obtain the transfer function T from the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 3 Two values of (a):
η 3 ＝(x 3 -x 0 )/x 3 ×100％＝(1-T 3 )×100％
wherein eta is 3 Vibration isolation efficiency, T, for the support structure 3 of the refrigerator 3 Is the transfer function, x, of the support structure 3 of the refrigerating machine to the vibration-sensitive surface 4 3 For refrigerator support 3 displacement, x 0 Is the displacement of the vibration sensitive surface 4;
step 4.2 transfer functions T from the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 are respectively calculated and obtained by the method of the step 4.1 1 Two values of (a) and T 2 Two values of (a);
step 4.3 coupling T 3 Respectively substituted into a transfer function formula from the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4, and simultaneously solving the rigidity k of the overall vibration isolation structure 7 of the multi-refrigerator 3 And damping c 3 ；
Step 4.4 calculating T from step 3.2 1 Two values of (a) and T 2 And c calculated in step 4.3 3 、k 3 And respectively substituting the obtained values into transfer functions from the first refrigerator 1 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 and from the second refrigerator 2 to the vibration sensitive surface 4, and simultaneously obtaining the rigidity and the damping of the vibration isolation structure 5 of the first refrigerator, the vibration isolation structure 6 of the second refrigerator and the overall vibration isolation structure 7 of the refrigerator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the combined vibration isolation system of the multiple refrigerators provided by the invention adopts a series or parallel connection mode to isolate vibration of the multiple refrigerators as a whole, so that the vibration isolation efficiency is high, the transverse space is greatly saved, and the spatial layout is optimized;
2. according to the design method of the combined vibration isolation system of the multiple refrigerators, the modes of series connection, parallel connection, combination of series connection and parallel connection and the like can be flexibly selected according to the requirements of space and vibration isolation efficiency, the space layout is optimized, the expansibility is strong, and the vibration isolation efficiency is controllable; the vibration isolation mechanism can be designed according to the weight of the refrigerator and the supporting structure and the transmission efficiency requirements of all levels, the spatial layout is optimized, the difficulty of single-level vibration isolation is reduced, and the precise vibration isolation design is realized;
3. the design method of the combined vibration isolation system of the multi-refrigerator provided by the invention can select various vibration isolation schemes and vibration isolation structures for the same vibration isolation efficiency, and has high flexibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combined vibration isolation system of multiple refrigerators in a space optical apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a parallel connection of a combined vibration isolation system of multiple refrigerators in a space optical apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a series connection of the combined vibration isolation systems of the two-space optical apparatus and the multiple refrigerators according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a series + parallel connection mode of a combined vibration isolation system of a multi-refrigerator of a three-space optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numerals are explained below:
1-a first refrigerator, 2-a second refrigerator, 3-a refrigerator supporting structure, 4-a vibration sensitive surface, 5-a first refrigerator vibration isolation structure, 6-a second refrigerator vibration isolation structure, 7-a multi-refrigerator overall vibration isolation structure, 8-a first refrigerator supporting structure, 9-a second refrigerator supporting structure, 10-a third refrigerator and 11-a third refrigerator vibration isolation structure.
Detailed Description
The combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators in space optical equipment and the design method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example one
The present embodiment provides a combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators of a spatial optical device, as shown in fig. 1, including a first refrigerator 1, a second refrigerator 2, a refrigerator support structure 3, a vibration sensitive surface 4, a first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, a second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6, and a multiple refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7.
The first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 are fixed on the refrigerator support structure 3 in a parallel manner. As shown in fig. 2, the first refrigerator 1 is fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure 3 through the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator 2 is fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure 3 through the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6, and the refrigerator supporting structure 3 is fixed on the vibration sensitive surface 4 through the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7. When the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 are subjected to vibration isolation, the mounting surfaces of the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation mechanism 6 and the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation mechanism 7 pass through the mass center of the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2.
The first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 both generate vibration, and the generated vibration is transmitted to the refrigerator supporting structure 3 through the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5 and the second refrigerator vibration isolation mechanism 6 respectively and then transmitted to the vibration sensitive surface 4 through the multi-refrigerator overall vibration isolation structure 7, so that the vibration transmission process is completed.
The refrigerators are not connected with each other and are respectively fixed on the refrigerator supporting structures, and the mode is called as a parallel connection fixing mode. The parallel connection fixing mode is characterized in that mutual influence among the refrigerating machines is small, and the vibration transmission mode is basically not changed along with the increase of the refrigerating machines. And when the refrigerating machines are fixedly connected in parallel, the refrigerating machines can be selectively laid on the supporting structure of the refrigerating machine in a tiled or stacked mode according to the space size requirement. If the stacked arrangement is selected, the refrigerator on the upper layer needs to be additionally manufactured with a more complicated supporting structure. Although the refrigerators adopting the parallel connection fixing mode are not connected with each other, in order to save space, the refrigerator at the laminated high layer needs to be additionally provided with a supporting structure, and the installation of the high layer refrigerator is ensured on the premise of not interfering with the low layer refrigerator and the vibration isolation structure thereof.
The embodiment also provides a design method of the combined vibration isolation system of the multiple refrigerators of the space optical equipment, which comprises the following steps:
in the fixed mode of the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 which are connected in parallel, the transfer function T from the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 1 、T 2 、T 3 Respectively as follows:
in the formula, A b ＝(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+c 1 s+k 3 +k 2 +k 1 )(m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+k 2 )(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
-(c 1 s+k 1 ) 2 (m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+k 2 )-(c 2 s+k 2 ) 2 (m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
Wherein s is Laplace operator, M is the sum of the masses of the vibration sensitive surface 4, the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the refrigerator support structure 3, and M is 1 、m 2 、m 3 Mass of the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2, the refrigerator support structure 3, respectively, c 1 ,、c 2 ,、c 3 Damping k of the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7 respectively 1 、k 2 、k 3 The first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and the multi-refrigerator overall vibration isolation structure 7 are respectively rigid.
step 4.1, respectively substituting the vibration isolation efficiency required by the refrigerator supporting structure 3 at the specified frequency and the vibration isolation efficiency when the frequency ratio of the vibration isolation system to the vibration to be isolated is 1 into the following formula, and calculating to obtain the transfer function T from the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 3 Two values of (a):
η 3 ＝(x 3 -x 0 )/x 3 ×100％＝(1-T 3 )×100％
wherein eta is 3 Vibration isolation efficiency, T, for the support structure 3 of the refrigerator 3 Is the transfer function, x, of the support structure 3 of the refrigerating machine to the vibration-sensitive surface 4 3 For refrigerator support 3 displacement, x 0 Displacement of the vibration sensitive surface 4;
step 4.2 transfer functions T from the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 are respectively calculated and obtained by the method of the step 4.1 1 Two values of (a) and T 2 Two values of (a);
step 4.3 coupling T 3 Two values ofRespectively substituted into the transfer function formula from the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4, and simultaneously solving the rigidity k of the overall vibration isolation structure 7 of the multi-refrigerator 3 And damping c 3 ；
Step 4.4 calculating T from step 4.2 1 Two values of (a) and T 2 And c calculated in step 3.3 3 、k 3 Respectively substituting the obtained values into transfer functions from the first refrigerator 1 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 and from the second refrigerator 2 to the vibration sensitive surface 4, and simultaneously obtaining the rigidity and the damping of the materials of the vibration isolation structure 5 of the first refrigerator, the vibration isolation structure 6 of the second refrigerator and the overall vibration isolation structure 7 of the refrigerator;
and 5, selecting vibration isolation materials according to the calculation result, and designing a first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, a second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and a refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7 to meet the calculation result.
Although the method for designing the vibration isolation system of a refrigerator combination provided by the embodiment takes two refrigerators as an example, the method can also be applied to the design of the vibration isolation system of a plurality of refrigerator combinations.
Example two
The combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators in spatial optical device and the design method thereof in this embodiment are different from those in the first embodiment only in the connection manner of the refrigerators and their vibration isolation structures, and the transfer function corresponding to the connection manner. The first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 are fixed on the refrigerator support structure 3 in a series connection manner.
As shown in fig. 3, the first refrigerator 1 is fixed to the second refrigerator 2 through the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator 2 is fixed to the refrigerator support structure 3 through the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6, and the refrigerator support structure 3 is fixed to the vibration sensitive surface 4 through the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7. When the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 are subjected to vibration isolation, the mounting surfaces of the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation mechanism 6 and the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation mechanism 7 pass through the mass center of the first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2.
The first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 both generate vibration, the vibration generated by the first refrigerator 1 is transmitted to the second refrigerator 2, then transmitted to the refrigerator supporting structure 3 and finally transmitted to the vibration sensitive surface 4, and the vibration generated by the second refrigerator 2 is influenced by the first refrigerator 1 in the transmission process.
The serial connection fixing mode has the advantage that due to the fact that the multiple refrigerators are mutually connected, the vibration isolation effect is greatly influenced. The support structure of the stacked high-rise refrigerator is relatively simple and similar to that of the low-rise refrigerator, and the difference is that the high-rise refrigerator is arranged on the low-rise refrigerator through the support structure, and the low-rise refrigerator is arranged on the refrigerator support structure.
The first refrigerator 1 and the second refrigerator 2 adopt a series connection fixing mode, and the transfer function T of the corresponding first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the refrigerator supporting structure 3 to the vibration sensitive surface 4 1 、T 2 、T 3 Respectively as follows:
in the formula, A ch ＝(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+k 3 +k 2 )(m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+c 1 s+k 2 +k 1 )(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
-(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+k 3 +k 2 )(c 1 s+k 1 ) 2 -(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )(c 2 s+k 2 ) 2
Wherein s is Laplace operator, M is the sum of the masses of the vibration sensitive surface 4, the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2 and the refrigerator supporting structure 3, and M is 1 、m 2 、m 3 Mass of the first refrigerator 1, the second refrigerator 2, the refrigerator support structure 3, respectively, c 1 ,、c 2 ,、c 3 Damping k of the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7 respectively 1 、k 2 、k 3 The first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6 and the multi-refrigerator overall vibration isolation structure 7 are respectively rigid.
In step 3, the transfer function T is obtained by laplace transform of the kinetic equation of the system.
Taking a two-degree-of-freedom series system as an example, the kinetic equation is as follows:
wherein x is 0 、x 1 、x 2 、x 3 Respectively a vibration sensitive surface 4, a first refrigerator 1, a second refrigerator 2 and refrigerationDisplacement of the machine support structure 3;
if a third refrigerator 10 is added, its mass and displacement are m 4 、x 4 And c is a 4 ,、k 4 The damping and the rigidity of the vibration isolation mechanism of the refrigerator are respectively shown, and then the dynamic equation can be expressed as follows:
and carrying out Laplace transformation on the kinetic equation, and obtaining the transfer function transferred from each stage of refrigerating machine to the vibration sensitive surface under the zero initial condition. The difference is that the more refrigerators, the more complex the transfer function expression is.
EXAMPLE III
The combined vibration isolation system of the multiple refrigerators in the space optical equipment of the embodiment comprises a first refrigerator 1, a second refrigerator 2 and a third refrigerator 10, which are fixed on a refrigerator supporting structure 3 in a serial and parallel combination mode.
As shown in fig. 4, the first refrigerator 1 is fixed on the third refrigerator 10 through the first refrigerator vibration isolation structure 5, the second refrigerator 2 is fixed on the third refrigerator 10 through the second refrigerator vibration isolation structure 6, the third refrigerator 10 is fixed on the refrigerator support structure 3 through the third refrigerator vibration isolation structure 11, and the refrigerator support structure 3 is fixed on the vibration sensitive surface 4 through the multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure 7. The first refrigerator 1 is connected with the second refrigerator 2 in parallel and then connected with the third refrigerator 10 in series to form a fixing mode of combining series connection and parallel connection, so that the spatial layout is optimized, and the difficulty of single-stage vibration isolation is reduced.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a many refrigerators' of space optics equipment combination vibration isolation system, includes N refrigerator vibration isolation structure, refrigerator bearing structure (3), vibration sensitive face (4), many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure (7), wherein, N is the integer, and N is more than or equal to 2, N refrigerator vibration isolation structure is used for corresponding N refrigerators of installation, is N refrigerator vibration isolation respectively, refrigerator bearing structure (3) are fixed on vibration sensitive face (4) through many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure (7), its characterized in that:
the N refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures are respectively fixed on the refrigerating machine supporting structure (3) and used for realizing that the N refrigerating machines are fixed on the refrigerating machine supporting structure (3) in a parallel connection mode;
or the N refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures are fixedly connected to the refrigerating machine supporting structure (3) from top to bottom in sequence and used for realizing that the N refrigerating machines are fixed on the refrigerating machine supporting structure (3) in a series connection mode.
2. The combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators in a space optical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the N refrigerating machines are fixed on the refrigerating machine supporting structure (3) in a flat laying mode or a stacking mode.
3. The combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators in a space optical apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure (7) are located in the same plane, and the plane where the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure (7) are located passes through the mass center of the N refrigerators.
4. The utility model provides a many refrigerators' of space optics equipment combination vibration isolation system, includes N refrigerator vibration isolation structure, refrigerator bearing structure (3), vibration sensitive face (4), many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure (7), wherein, N is the integer, and N is greater than or equal to 3, N refrigerator vibration isolation structure is used for corresponding N refrigerators of installation, is N refrigerator vibration isolation respectively, refrigerator bearing structure (3) are fixed on vibration sensitive face (4) through many refrigerator total vibration isolation structure (7), its characterized in that:
the first i refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures in the N refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures are respectively fixed on the (i + 1) th refrigerating machine vibration isolation structure, the (i + 1) th refrigerating machine vibration isolation structure and the rest N- (i + 1) refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures are sequentially and fixedly connected to the refrigerating machine supporting structure (3) from top to bottom, and the N refrigerating machines are fixed on the refrigerating machine supporting structure (3) in a series and parallel combination mode, wherein i is an integer and is not less than 2 and not more than i and not more than N.
5. The combined vibration isolation system for a multi-refrigerator for a space optical apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure (7) are located in the same plane, and the plane where the N refrigerator vibration isolation structures and the multi-refrigerator general vibration isolation structure (7) are located passes through the mass center of the N refrigerators.
6. A design method of a combined vibration isolation system of a plurality of refrigerators of spatial optical equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, according to the vibration magnitude M generated by N refrigerating machines and the allowable vibration magnitude M after reaching a vibration sensitive surface (4) 0 Using the formula eta = (M-M) 0 ) Determining the vibration isolation efficiency eta of the whole machine;
step 2, analyzing the vibration isolation form required to be adopted according to the vibration isolation efficiency eta of the whole machine and the space size limitation, wherein the vibration isolation efficiency of the vibration isolation form is as follows from small to large: the vibration isolation in the parallel mode is carried out but the vibration isolation is not carried out on the refrigerator supporting structure (3), the vibration isolation in the series mode is carried out but the vibration isolation is not carried out on the refrigerator supporting structure (3), the vibration isolation in the parallel mode is carried out and the vibration isolation is carried out on the refrigerator supporting structure (3), and the vibration isolation in the series mode is carried out and the vibration isolation is carried out on the refrigerator supporting structure (3);
step 3, determining transfer functions from the N refrigerators and the refrigerator supporting structures (3) to the vibration sensitive surface (4) according to the determined vibration isolation form;
step 4, calculating the rigidity k and the damping c of N refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures and a refrigerating machine overall vibration isolation structure (7) according to the mass of the N refrigerating machine and refrigerating machine support structures (3), the vibration isolation efficiency required at the specified frequency, the vibration isolation efficiency when the frequency ratio of the vibration isolation system to the vibration to be isolated is 1, and the transfer function from the N refrigerating machine and refrigerating machine support structures (3) to the vibration sensitive surface (4);
step 5, selecting vibration isolation materials according to the calculation result, and designing a total vibration isolation structure (7) of the refrigerating machines and refrigerating machine vibration isolation structures of N refrigerating machines to meet the calculation result;
step 6, machining the refrigerator total vibration isolation structure (7) and the refrigerator vibration isolation structures of N refrigerators according to the design result of the step 5, verifying whether the requirement of the vibration magnitude reaching the vibration sensitive surface (4) by the vibration can be met according to the actual measurement result, and completing the design of the combined vibration isolation system of the space optical equipment refrigerator if the requirement is met; if the requirements are not met, correcting the rigidity k and the damping c of the overall vibration isolation structure (7) of the refrigerating machine and the vibration isolation structures of the refrigerating machines of the N refrigerating machines until the requirement of the vibration magnitude of the vibration reaching the vibration sensitive surface (4) is met, and finishing the design of the combined vibration isolation system of the space optical equipment refrigerating machine.
7. The method for designing a combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators in spatial optical equipment according to claim 6, wherein: in the step 1, the N is equal to 2,N refrigerators which are respectively a first refrigerator (1) and a second refrigerator (2).
8. The method for designing a combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators for space optical equipment according to claim 7, wherein: in the step 3, the first refrigerator (1) and the second refrigerator (2) are fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure (3) in a parallel connection mode, and the first refrigerator (1), the second refrigerator (2) and the refrigerator supporting structure (3) transfer functions T to the vibration sensitive surface (4) 1 、T 2 、T 3 Respectively as follows:
in the formula, A b ＝(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+c 1 s+k 3 +k 2 +k 1 )(m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+k 2 )(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
-(c 1 s+k 1 ) 2 (m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+k 2 )-(c 2 s+k 2 ) 2 (m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
Wherein s is Laplace operator, M is the sum of the masses of the vibration sensitive surface (4), the first refrigerator (1), the second refrigerator (2) and the refrigerator supporting structure (3), and M is 1 、m 2 、m 3 The masses of the first refrigerator (1), the second refrigerator (2) and the refrigerator support structure (3), respectively, c 1 ,、c 2 ,、c 3 Damping of a first refrigerator vibration isolation structure (5), a second refrigerator vibration isolation structure (6) and a multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure (7), k 1 、k 2 、k 3 The rigidity of the vibration isolation structure (5) of the first refrigerator, the rigidity of the vibration isolation structure (6) of the second refrigerator and the rigidity of the overall vibration isolation structure (7) of the multiple refrigerators are respectively.
9. The method for designing a combined vibration isolation system for multiple refrigerators for space optical equipment according to claim 7, wherein: in the step 3, the first refrigerator (1) and the second refrigerator (2) are fixed on the refrigerator supporting structure (3) in a series connection mode, and the first refrigerator (1), the second refrigerator (2) and the refrigerator supporting structure (3) transfer functions T to the vibration sensitive surface (4) 1 、T 2 、T 3 Are respectively as：
In the formula, A ch ＝(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+k 3 +k 2 )(m 2 s 2 +c 2 s+c 1 s+k 2 +k 1 )(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )
-(m 3 s 2 +c 3 s+c 2 s+k 3 +k 2 )(c 1 s+k 1 ) 2 -(m 1 s 2 +c 1 s+k 1 )(c 2 s+k 2 ) 2
Wherein s is Laplace operator, M is the sum of the masses of the vibration sensitive surface (4), the first refrigerator (1), the second refrigerator (2) and the refrigerator supporting structure (3), and M is 1 、m 2 、m 3 The masses of the first refrigerator (1), the second refrigerator (2) and the refrigerator support structure (3), respectively, c 1 ,、c 2 ,、c 3 Damping of a first refrigerator vibration isolation structure (5), a second refrigerator vibration isolation structure (6) and a multi-refrigerator total vibration isolation structure (7), k 1 、k 2 、k 3 The rigidity of the vibration isolation structure (5) of the first refrigerator, the rigidity of the vibration isolation structure (6) of the second refrigerator and the rigidity of the vibration isolation structure (7) of the multi-refrigerator.
10. The method for designing a combined vibration isolation system of multiple refrigerators for space optical equipment according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the step 4 is specifically:
step 4.1, respectively substituting the vibration isolation efficiency required by the refrigerator supporting structure (3) at the specified frequency and the vibration isolation efficiency when the frequency ratio of the vibration isolation system to the vibration to be isolated is 1 into the following formula, and calculating to obtain the transfer function T from the refrigerator supporting structure (3) to the vibration sensitive surface (4) 3 Two values of (a):
η 3 ＝(x 3 -x 0 )/x 3 ×100％＝(1-T 3 )×100％
wherein eta is 3 Vibration isolation efficiency, T, for a support structure (3) of a refrigerator 3 Is the transfer function, x, of the support structure (3) of the refrigerating machine to the vibration-sensitive surface (4) 3 Is the refrigerator support structure (3) displacement, x 0 Is the displacement of the vibration sensitive surface (4);
step 4.2, transfer functions T from the first refrigerator (1) and the second refrigerator (2) to the vibration sensitive surface (4) are respectively calculated and obtained by the method of the step 4.1 1 Two values of (a) and T 2 Two values of (a);
step 4.3 coupling T 3 Respectively substituting the two values into a transfer function formula from the refrigerator supporting structure (3) to the vibration sensitive surface (4), and simultaneously solving the rigidity k of the overall vibration isolation structure (7) of the multi-refrigerator 3 And damping c 3 ；
Step 4.4 calculating T from step 4.2 1 Two values of (a) and T 2 And c calculated in step 4.3 3 、k 3 And respectively substituting the vibration isolation structure into transfer functions from the first refrigerator (1) to the vibration sensitive surface (4) and from the second refrigerator (2) to the vibration sensitive surface (4) to simultaneously obtain the rigidity and the damping of the vibration isolation structure (5) of the first refrigerator and the vibration isolation structure (6) of the second refrigerator.
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