CN115754254A - Automatic control test method and device for improving muck - Google Patents
Automatic control test method and device for improving muck Download PDFInfo
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- CN115754254A CN115754254A CN202211413099.9A CN202211413099A CN115754254A CN 115754254 A CN115754254 A CN 115754254A CN 202211413099 A CN202211413099 A CN 202211413099A CN 115754254 A CN115754254 A CN 115754254A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of muck improvement construction, in particular to a muck improvement automatic control test method and a muck improvement automatic control test device, wherein before muck improvement of a shield machine, a muck improvement test is carried out on soil excavated into a soil layer by the shield machine, and a cylindrical slump test is carried out by adopting a cylindrical barrel in the muck improvement test; constructing an analytic relational expression between the muck slump and the muck shear strength on the basis of the cylindrical slump test; and performing a muck improvement test according to the analytical relational expression, and changing the injection parameters of the modifying agent to obtain the relation between the muck improvement slump and the additive amount of the modifying agent so as to determine the optimal injection parameters of the modifying agent and apply the optimal injection parameters to the construction of the shield tunneling machine. The invention has the advantages that: the method can be directly applied to the field construction of the earth pressure balance shield machine, provides a good construction method and a muck improvement automatic control system for the field construction, and has important significance for the construction of actual engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of muck improvement construction, in particular to a muck improvement automatic control test method and a muck improvement automatic control test device.
Background
Through a large number of engineering practices, the earth pressure balance shield method shows unique economy and technical performance, is rapidly popularized and applied in China, and the earth pressure balance shield construction technology enters a gold development period.
In the soil pressure balance type shield construction process, the fluidity of the soil body of the excavation surface is very important, and in order to improve the fluidity of the soil body of the excavation surface, the excavated muck is improved so as to meet the construction requirements. The earth pressure balance shield muck improvement technology can obviously shorten the construction period, improve the construction quality and safety, reduce the construction cost and the environmental influence, and has more outstanding social and economic benefits compared with the technology without muck improvement construction. The earth pressure balance shield muck improvement technology becomes the most valuable innovative construction method for shield construction at home and abroad.
The foam system and the bentonite system can improve the muck and improve the tunneling condition of the shield machine, but no mature method exists for improving the muck of the shield machine through the foam system and the bentonite system, and the existing construction still mainly comprises the steps of observing the tunneling parameters of the shield machine by an operator or testing the performance of the muck of the shield machine by personnel and adjusting the addition amount of the foaming agent and the bentonite.
In the current engineering practice, great blindness exists on the type and the dosage of the modifier in the improvement of the muck. Various problems of the modifier in the shield construction can be generally summarized as follows: the modifier is used in construction with certain blindness, most of which adopts common foam and bentonite slurry for modification, and generally the purpose of matching soil and shield parameters is difficult to meet.
The modifier is added in the earth pressure balance shield construction, and has hysteresis quality besides blindness; and manually observing the tunneling parameters of the shield tunneling machine, or testing the muck parameters of the shield tunneling machine, and then adjusting the addition amount of the modifier. In addition, the addition of the tunneling parameter adjustment modifier of the manual observation shield machine is greatly related to the experience of operators, and the automatic control of the improvement of the muck cannot be realized. Meanwhile, the manual adjustment requires an operator to continuously observe the tunneling parameters of the shield tunneling machine, so that the working intensity of the operator is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a muck improvement automatic control test method and a muck improvement automatic control test device according to the defects of the prior art, provides a slump test for muck improvement by using a cylindrical barrel, deduces the relation between the improved muck slump and the shear strength of the cylindrical barrel, and provides a good construction method and a muck improvement automatic control system for field construction, which have important significance for the construction of actual engineering.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an automatic control test method for improving muck is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
before the shield tunneling machine muck improvement is carried out, carrying out a muck improvement test on soil excavated into a soil layer by the shield tunneling machine, wherein the muck improvement test adopts a cylindrical barrel to carry out a cylindrical slump test;
and (3) constructing an analytic relational expression between the muck slump and the muck shear strength on the basis of the cylindrical slump test:
all parameters in the analytic relational expression are obtained through dimensionless processing respectively, wherein S' is slump, h 0 ’=
Is the height h of the unyielding area of the residue soil in the cylindrical barrel 1 ’=
Is the height of the slag soil yield area in the cylinder,
，
is the internal friction angle of the slag soil,
the shear strength of the muck is;
and performing a muck improvement test according to the analytical relational expression, changing the injection parameters of the modifying agent to obtain the relation between the muck improvement slump and the additive amount of the modifying agent, thereby determining the optimal injection parameters of the modifying agent, and applying the optimal injection parameters to the construction of the shield tunneling machine.
The modifier is a foam modifier, and the optimal injection parameters of the foam modifier comprise the optimal foaming times and the optimal injection rate.
A device for realizing the muck improvement automatic control test method is characterized in that: the device comprises a stirring device and a foam generating device, wherein modifier foam generated by the foam generating device is conveyed into the stirring device, and the stirring device simulates the tunneling of a shield cutter head; the foam adding amount of the foam generating device is controllable, and the torque of a cutter head in the stirring device can be measured.
Agitating unit comprises blade disc elevating gear, torque sensor, pressure sensor, rotating electrical machines, blade disc and churn, wherein the churn is a cylinder section of thick bamboo, blade disc elevating gear with the blade disc is connected with control the blade disc is in the direction of height of churn goes up and down, rotating electrical machines with the blade disc is connected so that the blade disc can the churn internal rotation, torque sensor connects the pivot of blade disc is in order to measure the moment of torsion of blade disc, pressure sensor measures the pressure that the blade disc received at the tunnelling in-process.
And a barrel cover is arranged behind the cutter head, and can be driven by the cutter head lifting device to synchronously lift along with the cutter head.
The foam generating device comprises a foam liquid tank, a water pump, a foam liquid pump, a foam generator and an air compressor, wherein the foam liquid pump is connected with the foam generator through the foam liquid pump, the water tank is connected with the foam generator through the water pump, the air compressor is connected with the foam generator, and the foam generator is connected with a stirring cylinder of the stirring device.
And a flow sensor is arranged on the conveying pipeline between the foam generator and the stirring device and used for measuring the flow in the conveying pipeline.
The device also comprises a control system which is connected with and controls the working states of the stirring device and the foam generating device.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention can obtain the relationship between the improved slump of the muck and the addition amount of the modifying agent, and simultaneously provides the relationship between the slump of the cylinder improved by the muck and the shear strength, so that the accuracy is high, and the accurate addition of the modifying agent can be ensured.
(3) The stirring device and the foam generating device can be used for simulating and researching the addition of the modifying agent in the earth pressure balance shield construction, can measure the parameters such as torque, rotating speed, pressure and the like when the cutter head rotates, can research the influence of the addition of the foaming agent on the parameters of the cutter head, and has strong simulation.
(4) The control method for improving the muck can adjust the flow of the foam generating device according to parameters such as the torque of the cutter head, automatically change the addition amount of the modifying agent, has high automation degree and is convenient to use.
(5) The automatic control system for improving the muck can be applied to the muck improvement in shield construction, improves the accuracy and the real-time performance of the muck improvement in construction, and reduces the working strength of operators.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a model diagram of cylinder slump calculation in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state of stress at a point in the improved soil of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in the thickness dz of the deformed region in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a stirring apparatus used in the test of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a foam generating apparatus used in the test of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
as shown in fig. 1-5, the symbols 1-16 are respectively shown as: the device comprises a cutter lifting device 1, a frame 2, a pressure sensor 3, a cylinder cover 4, a torque sensor 5, a rotating motor 6, a control system 7, a cutter 8, a mixing cylinder 9, a foam liquid tank 10, a foam generator 11, a water tank 12, an air compressor 13, a water pump 14, a foam liquid pump 15 and a flow sensor 16.
Example (b): the method and the device for the automatic control test of the muck improvement in the embodiment can improve and adjust the muck in the shield construction in real time, thereby improving the tunneling condition of the shield tunneling machine. Meanwhile, the automatic control system device developed by the method can be directly applied to the shield machine to control the muck improvement system in the tunneling process of the shield machine in real time. The stirring device in the simulation equipment can simulate tunneling of a shield machine underground, the foam generation system simulates a muck improvement system of the shield machine to add a foaming agent into the stirring device and simulate addition of a modifying agent in construction, the automatic control system developed according to the automatic control method of the embodiment controls foam addition parameters in the foam generation system in real time according to sensor parameters in the stirring device, the addition effect of the foaming agent is adjusted, automatic control of addition of the foaming agent in the stirring device is realized, and the simulation equipment has important significance in mechanism research of addition of the modifying agent in the shield machine.
The automatic control test method for improving the muck in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
before the shield machine muck improvement is carried out, muck improvement test is carried out on the soil excavated into the soil layer by the shield machine, the optimal foaming multiple and injection rate of the modifier are determined, and the relation between the injection rate and slump of the improved muck can be obtained by adopting the muck slump test.
Compared with the traditional standard slump cone test, the slump test of the improved muck is carried out by adopting the cylindrical cone, for example, the cylindrical PVC cone with the height of 150mm and the diameter of the bottom surface of 100mm is used for carrying out the cylindrical slump test, and compared with the standard slump test, the cylindrical slump test has the advantages that the amount of muck adopted in the test is small, and the operation is convenient; meanwhile, during theoretical analysis, the analytical relationship between the slump and the shear strength can be established more conveniently, analysis is facilitated, and the precision is ensured.
Firstly, establishing an analytic relation between the slump of the cylindrical barrel and the shear strength.
Foam is added into the muck, and the muck after being uniformly stirred and improved can deform under the action of gravity during a slump test. Because the average stress of each section of the cylinder for improving the muck is increased from top to bottom under the action of gravity, one surface is inevitably arranged in the cylinder, and the average stress of the surface is just equal to the shear strength of the muck material. The shape of the column above the horizontal section is kept unchanged during the collapse process because the stress is less than the shear strength; the soil below the critical plane is collapsed, and the stress in the soil is gradually reduced until the yield stress, as shown in fig. 1. According to the design idea, a mathematical model of the slump-strength relation is established.
For a cylindrical slump cone, the stress state of the column prior to deformation was first analyzed. It is evident that the maximum principal stress at a section z from the top is the vertical mean pressure
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: rho is the density of the improved muck; g is the acceleration of gravity.
In this plane, the minimum principal stress is zero. Next, an intensity criterion must be introduced to establishStand
And the strength index of the residue soil. Using the following Moore-Coulomb intensity criterion, the intensity τ of the muck is calculated using the following formula:
in the formula: c.
the cohesive force and the internal friction angle of the capping beam muck.
From the geometric relationship shown in FIG. 2, the shear strength of the muck can be obtained
And
the relationship is as follows:
the left and right sides of the pair formula (3) are divided by
After dimensionless treatment, the following results are obtained:
in the formula:
，
，
。
assuming that the slump cone is uniformly filled, each point in the soil body falls uniformly in the slump process, and the boundary of a deformation area (a yield area) and an undeformed area (an undistorted area) can be similar to a certain horizontal section of the cylinder. Therefore, the final experimental height of the slump cone is divided into the height h of an undeformed region 0 And a deformation zone height h 1 . Thus, the height h of the undeformed region can be obtained 0 The calculation formula (c) is as follows:
the height h of the yielding region is then determined by mathematical processing 1 。
The volume of the muck is assumed to be incompressible during the slump process. Then, in the area where the deformation occurs, a micro-segment analysis is taken, and the volumes before and after the deformation are kept equal, as shown in fig. 3, there is a relation:
in the formula: r is a radical of hydrogen z And r z1 Respectively the radius of each horizontal round infinitesimal before and after deformation; d z And d z1 Is the thickness of the infinitesimal before and after deformation.
Height h of deformed area after lifting of collapse cylinder 1 From d z In the interval [ h 0 ，H]Is integrated, so the method comprises the following steps:
converting the integral into a coordinate system before deformation by the equation (6) includes:
the stress on any cross section in the cylinder is increased from top to bottom and is provided by the gravity of the slag soil. In the deformation region, the stress before deformation is greater than the yield stress, and after deformation, until the average pressure is just equal to the yield stress, the stress tends to be stable, and the following formula holds:
the combination of formula (7) and formula (8) gives:
by carrying out dimensionless processing on the above formula, the following can be obtained:
the slag slump S of the cylinder is calculated using the following formula:
by dividing the above equation by H and performing dimensionless processing, equation (5) and equation (9 b) are combined to obtain:
equation (10 b) is a theoretical relationship for calculating the slump and shear strength of the cylindrical drum. When the temperature is higher than the set temperature
When the utility model is used, the water is discharged,
equation (2) degenerates to the Terescard intensity criterion.
Therefore, the conversion between the slump index and the shear strength index is realized, and a basis is provided for theoretically calculating the shield construction parameters.
The relationship between the injection rate of the modifier foam and the slump and the shear strength can be obtained from the slump test above.
According to the method, the muck improvement automatic control device is manufactured, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the device for realizing the muck improvement automatic control test method in the embodiment is composed of a stirring device and a foam generating device, modifier foam generated by the foam generating device is conveyed into the stirring device, the stirring device simulates tunneling of a shield cutter head, and torque of the cutter head is measured and improved by adjusting the addition amount of the foam.
As shown in fig. 4, the stirring device is composed of a cutter lifting device 1, a frame 2, a pressure sensor 3, a cylinder cover 4, a torque sensor 5, a rotating motor 6, a control system 7, a cutter 8 and a stirring cylinder 9. The cutter head lifting device 1 is mounted on the frame 2 and can lift and move the cutter head 8 to simulate the tunneling of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine in soil. The frame 2 is made of section bars, and other components of the stirring device are all arranged on the frame 2. The pressure sensor 3 is mounted on the cutterhead 8 and can be used to measure the pressure experienced by the cutterhead during the driving process. The cylinder cover 4 can move up and down along with the cutter head 8 and is used for simulating a soil bin behind the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine. The torque sensor 5 is arranged on the shaft of the cutter head 8 and can be used for measuring the torque value when the cutter head 8 rotates and researching the stress condition of the cutter head 8. The rotating motor 6 is connected with a shaft of the cutter head 8 to provide power for the rotation of the cutter head 8. The control system 7 is mounted on the frame 2 and includes control components for controlling the stirring device and the foam generating device. The cutter head 8 is similar to the cutter head of the shield machine in form and is used for simulating the cutter head of the shield machine. The mixing drum 9 is arranged below the cutter head 8, and soil is filled in the mixing drum during testing to simulate a soil layer tunneled by the shield tunneling machine.
As shown in fig. 5, the foam generating device is composed of a foam liquid tank 10, a foam generator 11, a water tank 12, an air compressor 13, a water pump 14, a foam liquid pump 15 and a flow sensor 16. The foam liquid tank 10 is used for storing foam liquid for generating foam, water is stored in the water tank 12, the foam liquid tank 10 and the water tank 12 respectively send the foam liquid and the water into the foam generator 11 according to a specified proportion through a foam liquid pump 15 and a water pump 14 which are respectively connected, compressed air generated by the air compressor 13 also enters the foam generator 11, the foam liquid, the water and the compressed air are mixed in the foam generator 11 according to the specified proportion to generate foam, the foam liquid, the water and the compressed air are output to the stirring device under the action of the air compressor 13, and the flow sensor 16 measures the flow of the foam liquid and the water in a pipeline.
When the stirring device and the foam generating device in the embodiment are used, the method comprises the following steps:
when the improvement of the slag soil of the shield machine is simulated and researched, soil to be researched is filled in a mixing drum 9 of a mixing device, a rotating motor 5 drives a cutter disc 8 to rotate through a cutter disc shaft, a lifting device 1 drives the rotating cutter disc 8 to move downwards and rotate into the soil in the mixing drum 9, the cutter disc 8 rotates and moves downwards simultaneously, and the tunneling of the cutter disc of the shield machine in the soil is simulated.
The cylinder cover 4 is pressed on soil in the mixing cylinder 9 to provide certain pressure for the soil in the mixing cylinder 9, the pressure of a soil bin of the shield machine is simulated, foam generated by the foam generating device is injected into the soil in the mixing cylinder 9 through a pipeline and a spray head on the cutter head 8, the torque and the pressure received by the cutter head 8 during rotating movement can be simultaneously measured by the pressure sensor 3 arranged on the cutter head 8 and the torque sensor 5 arranged on the cutter head shaft, and the control system 7 adjusts the flow of a water pump 14 and a foam liquid pump 15 of the foam generating device according to the measured torque and the pressure of the cutter head 8, so that the amount of the foam added into the mixing cylinder 9 by the foam generator 11 is adjusted, the torque and the pressure of the cutter head 8 during rotating movement are improved, and the optimal relation between the injection amount of the foam and the stress of the cutter head is obtained.
According to the automatic control test method in the embodiment, the relation between the addition amount of the foam modifier and the muck slump is obtained by performing a muck slump test by adopting the cylindrical barrel, and the relation between the torque of the simulation cutter head and the addition amount of the foam modifier can be determined according to the calculation relation between the muck slump and the shear strength of muck.
In the automatic control system for improving the muck, a cutter torque sensor 5 in the system measures the torque of a cutter head 8, and according to the relation of the addition amount of the foam modifying agent determined by the method, the automatic control system can automatically adjust and add the amount of the foam modifying agent, so that the working condition of a tunneling cutter head can be improved, the working intensity of an operator can be reduced, and the lag of the existing improvement method can be avoided because the modifying agent can be adjusted and added according to the measured tunneling parameters such as the cutter head torque and the like in real time.
The embodiment provides a feasible method, and can improve and adjust the muck in the shield construction in real time, so as to improve the tunneling condition of the shield machine. Meanwhile, the automatic control system device designed based on the method can be directly applied to the shield machine to control the muck improvement system in the tunneling process of the shield machine in real time. The stirring device in the simulation equipment can simulate the tunneling of the shield machine underground, the foam generation system simulates a muck improvement system of the shield machine to add a foaming agent into the stirring device, the foam addition parameters in the foam generation system are controlled in real time according to sensor parameters in the stirring device, the addition effect of the foaming agent is adjusted, the automatic control of the addition of the foaming agent in the stirring device is realized, the method has important significance for the mechanism research of the addition of the modifier in the shield machine, and the method and the device for automatically controlling the muck improvement have important significance for the application of the method and the device for automatically controlling the muck improvement in the shield machine.
In the embodiment, in specific implementation: in order to further apply the device in the embodiment to the shield machine and the shield construction thereof, after the relation between the addition amount of the foam modifier and the cutter head is obtained by the control system 7 based on the automatic control test method and the device, the relevant information can be directly transmitted into the muck modification system of the shield machine through the data transmission system, and the muck modification system of the shield machine can accurately add the foam modifier in real time according to the test result of the test device by configuring corresponding control software or program.
Based on this, the present embodiment has the following application scenarios in some cases: the test device in the embodiment is configured in a construction site, the test device is provided with a control system 7, after the test device is used for carrying out a test, the control system 7 determines the current optimal injection parameters of the foam modifying agent based on the analytical relational expression between the injection rate of the foam modifying agent and the slump and the shear strength, then the control system 7 transmits the optimal injection parameters to the control system of the shield tunneling machine, and the shield tunneling machine carries out injection of the foam modifying agent according to the optimal injection parameters during shield construction. Along with the tunneling of the shield tunneling machine, when the soil layer properties are changed to a certain extent, soil can be taken on site and put into a testing device for testing, so that the injection parameters of the foam modifier can be corrected in time, and the tunneling requirements for different soil layers can be met.
Although the conception and the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims, and therefore, they are not to be considered repeated herein.
Claims (8)
1. An automatic control test method for improving muck is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
before the shield machine muck improvement, carrying out a muck improvement test on soil excavated into a soil layer by the shield machine, wherein the muck improvement test adopts a cylindrical barrel to carry out a cylindrical slump test;
and (3) constructing an analytic relational expression between the muck slump and the muck shear strength by taking the cylindrical slump test as a basis:
all parameters in the analytical relation are obtained through dimensionless processing respectively, wherein S' is slump, h 0 ’=
Is the height h of the unyielding area of the residue soil in the cylindrical barrel 1 ’=
Is the height of the slag soil yield area in the cylinder,
，
is the internal friction angle of the slag soil,
the shear strength of the muck is;
and performing a muck improvement test according to the analytical relational expression, changing the injection parameters of the modifying agent to obtain the relation between the muck improvement slump and the additive amount of the modifying agent, thereby determining the optimal injection parameters of the modifying agent, and applying the optimal injection parameters to the construction of the shield tunneling machine.
2. The automatic control test method for improving the muck according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the modifier is a foam modifier, and the optimal injection parameters of the foam modifier comprise the optimal foaming times and the optimal injection rate.
3. An apparatus for implementing the automatic control test method for improving the muck according to any one of claims 1-2, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a stirring device and a foam generating device, wherein modifier foam generated by the foam generating device is conveyed into the stirring device, and the stirring device simulates the tunneling of a shield cutter head; the foam adding amount of the foam generating device is controllable, and the torque of a cutter head in the stirring device can be measured.
4. The device for realizing the automatic control test method for improving the muck according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: agitating unit comprises blade disc elevating gear, torque sensor, pressure sensor, rotating electrical machines, blade disc and churn, wherein the churn is a cylinder section of thick bamboo, blade disc elevating gear with the blade disc is connected with control the blade disc is in the direction of height of churn goes up and down, rotating electrical machines with the blade disc is connected so that the blade disc can the churn internal rotation, torque sensor connects the pivot of blade disc is in order to measure the moment of torsion of blade disc, pressure sensor measures the pressure that the blade disc received at the tunnelling in-process.
5. The device for realizing the automatic control test method for improving the muck according to claim 4, is characterized in that: and a barrel cover is arranged behind the cutter head and can be driven by the cutter head lifting device to synchronously lift along with the cutter head.
6. The device for realizing the automatic control test method for improving the muck according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the foam generating device comprises a foam liquid tank, a water pump, a foam liquid pump, a foam generator and an air compressor, wherein the foam liquid pump is connected with the foam generator through the foam liquid pump, the water tank is connected with the foam generator through the water pump, the air compressor is connected with the foam generator, and the foam generator is connected with a stirring cylinder of the stirring device.
7. The device for realizing the automatic control test method for improving the muck according to claim 6, is characterized in that: a flow sensor is arranged on the conveying pipeline between the foam generator and the stirring device, and the flow sensor is used for measuring the flow in the conveying pipeline.
8. The device for realizing the automatic control test method for improving the muck according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the device also comprises a control system, and the control system is connected with and controls the working states of the stirring device and the foam generating device.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116481590A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-07-25 | 北京交通大学 | Intelligent detection robot for shield carried muck and detection method thereof |
| CN116698624A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-09-05 | 山东大学 | Test method and system for improving internal friction angle and cohesive force of soil by foam |
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2022
- 2022-11-11 CN CN202211413099.9A patent/CN115754254A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116481590A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-07-25 | 北京交通大学 | Intelligent detection robot for shield carried muck and detection method thereof |
| CN116698624A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-09-05 | 山东大学 | Test method and system for improving internal friction angle and cohesive force of soil by foam |
| CN116698624B (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2024-05-31 | 山东大学 | Test method and system for improving internal friction angle and cohesive force of soil by foam |
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