CN115752796B - Temperature sensor based on partial double-core special optical fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Temperature sensor based on partial double-core special optical fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature sensor based on a partial double-core special optical fiber and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and comprising a single-mode optical fiber, a multimode optical fiber and a partial double-core optical fiber; one end of the single-mode fiber is connected with one end of the multimode fiber, and the other end of the multimode fiber is connected with one end of the partial double-core fiber; the eccentric double-core optical fiber consists of a first cylindrical structure, a cone structure with gradually reduced diameter and a second cylindrical structure in sequence; the end part of the second cylindrical structure is provided with a sphere structure which is prepared from the same optical fiber as the second cylindrical structure. The invention uses the cone structure with gradually reduced diameter to expose one fiber core of the eccentric double-core optical fiber, increases the optical path difference of the transmitted light, and realizes the secondary interference of the transmitted light by the sphere structure, thereby leading the effective refractive index of the transmission mode to change. The temperature sensor has compact and novel structure, high sensitivity and great application potential in the field of temperature measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature sensor based on a partial double-core special optical fiber and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing.
Background
Conventional optical fiber temperature sensors are mainly classified into optical fiber grating temperature sensors and interference type temperature sensors. The temperature measurement principle of the fiber grating temperature sensor is that the photosensitive property of the fiber materials is utilized to form a space phase grating in the fiber core of the fiber to perform temperature measurement, zhou Zhi and the like of the national Harbin industrial university package FBG by utilizing a sensitization metal tube, so that the fiber grating is protected and the sensitivity is improved; the combination of the metal sleeve and the polymer improves the temperature sensitivity by five times compared with the common fiber bragg grating by the fluctuation of the university of east and south; the foreign Jung et al package two materials with different thermal expansion coefficients, and manufacture a fiber grating temperature sensor with tunable sensitivity, and the like, wherein the fiber grating temperature sensor has small influence on the fiber grating temperature sensor due to external factors in the use process, accurate measurement, high sensitivity and stable performance, but has inconvenience for use under certain special conditions because the packaging and signal demodulation processes are complex and the manufacturing cost is relatively high, and the fiber grating temperature sensor needs to be matched with a large instrument.
An interferometric optical fiber temperature sensor belongs to a phase modulation type temperature sensor, and mainly uses the interference phenomenon of light and the generated phase difference to measure the temperature. Typical interference type optical fiber temperature sensors at present include Mach-Zehnder optical fiber temperature Sensors (MZIs), fabry-Perot optical fiber temperature Sensors (FBIs), sagnac optical fiber temperature sensors, and the like. 2021 Zhang et al designed a Mach-Zehnder temperature-refractive index dual-parameter sensor based on coreless-few-coreless structure, realizing a maximum temperature sensing sensitivity of 0.0739nm/°c; in 2020, sarah et al proposed for the first time that an all-fiber temperature sensor using HF to corrode NCF at a corrosion rate of 40%, then coating a copper oxide-polyvinyl alcohol (CuO-PVA) film as a sensitization material in the corrosion area, and finally measuring that the sensor obtained a maximum temperature sensitivity of 0.101 nm/DEG C in the range of 25-235 ℃; the optical fiber temperature sensor is a novel temperature sensor and has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, explosion resistance, flame resistance, small volume, light weight and the like. However, the sensitivity of the pure optical fiber structure in the existing interference type temperature sensor is low, the temperature sensitivity is improved by mostly depending on temperature sensitive materials, the optical fiber temperature sensor with the Fabry-Perot structure which does not depend on temperature sensitive materials but has high sensitivity is required to be prepared under a micro-environment, and the preparation process is complex and tedious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature sensor based on a partial double-core special optical fiber and a preparation method thereof, and the temperature sensor is compact in structure, convenient to prepare and high in sensitivity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a temperature sensor based on partial-twin-core specialty fiber, comprising: single mode optical fibers, multimode optical fibers, and partial-twin core optical fibers; one end of the single-mode fiber is connected with one end of the multimode fiber, and the other end of the multimode fiber is connected with the first cylindrical structure end of the partial-double-core fiber;
the eccentric double-core optical fiber comprises a first cylindrical structure, a cone structure and a second cylindrical structure, wherein the first cylindrical structure, the cone structure and the second cylindrical structure are sequentially connected, and the other end part of the second cylindrical structure is provided with a sphere structure which is prepared from the same optical fiber as the second cylindrical structure.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the single-mode optical fiber comprises a first fiber core and a first cladding layer wrapping the first fiber core, and the first fiber core is positioned at the center of the single-mode optical fiber;
the multimode optical fiber comprises a second fiber core and a second cladding wrapped outside the second fiber core, and the second fiber core is positioned at the center of the multimode optical fiber;
the partial double-core optical fiber comprises a third fiber core, a fourth fiber core and a third cladding layer wrapping the third fiber core and the fourth fiber core, wherein the third fiber core is positioned at the center of the partial double-core optical fiber, and the distance between the center of the fourth fiber core and the center of the third fiber core is 42.3 mu m.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the part of the fourth fiber core located in the second cylindrical structure is exposed to the air.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the radius of the first core is 4.5 μm and the radius of the first cladding is 62.5 μm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the radius of the second core is 52.5 μm and the radius of the second cladding is 62.5 μm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the radius of the third core is 4.2 μm and the radius of the fourth core is 3.8 μm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the diameter of the second cylindrical structure is 60-80 mu m, and the length of the cone structure is 3-5 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the diameter of the sphere structure is 100-200 mu m.
A preparation method of a temperature sensor based on partial double-core special optical fibers comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting a single-mode fiber, a multimode fiber and a partial double-core fiber in sequence in a discharge cascade welding mode;
s2, corroding the other end of the partial-twin-core optical fiber through a corrosion solution;
s3, preparing the corroded end face of the partial double-core optical fiber into a sphere structure in a discharge mode.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the etching solution is 40% HF solution, the immersion length is 3-5 mm, and the immersion time is 30min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a temperature sensor based on a partial double-core special optical fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein a cone structure with gradually reduced diameter exposes one fiber core of the partial double-core optical fiber, increases the optical path difference of transmitted light, and the sphere structure realizes secondary interference of the transmitted light, thereby changing the effective refractive index of a transmission mode. The sensor has compact and novel structure and high sensitivity, and has great application potential in the field of temperature measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a temperature sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of the temperature sensor of the present invention;
FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic views of the apparatus of the present invention before and after the fabrication of the tapered structure and the second cylindrical structure of the temperature sensor;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of making the present invention;
wherein, 1, single-mode fiber, 2, multimode fiber, 3, first cylindrical structure, 4, cone structure, 5, second cylindrical structure, 6, spherical structure, 7, first cladding, 8, first core, 9, second cladding, 10, second core, 11, third cladding, 12, fourth core, 13, third core.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the term "and/or" describes the association relation of the association objects, which means that three relations can exist, for example, a and/or B can be expressed as follows: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.
The application scenario described in the embodiment of the present invention is for more clearly describing the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and as a person of ordinary skill in the art can know that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to similar technical problems as the new application scenario appears. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
A temperature sensor based on partial double core special optical fiber, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprises: single mode optical fiber 1, multimode optical fiber 2 and partial-twin core optical fiber; one end of the single-mode fiber 1 is connected with one end of the multimode fiber 2, and the other end of the multimode fiber is connected with the end of the first cylindrical structure 3 of the partial double-core fiber; the single-mode fiber 1 is used for receiving light emitted by a laser and transmitting the light processed by the sensor to a spectrometer.
The single-mode optical fiber 1 comprises a first fiber core 8 and a first cladding 7 wrapping the first fiber core 8, wherein the first fiber core 8 is positioned at the center of the single-mode optical fiber 1; the radius of the first core 8 is 4.5 μm and the radius of the first cladding 7 is 62.5 μm.
The multimode optical fiber 2 comprises a second fiber core 10 and a second cladding 9 wrapping the second fiber core 10, wherein the second fiber core 10 is positioned at the center of the multimode optical fiber 2; the radius of the second core 10 is 52.5 μm and the radius of the second cladding 9 is 62.5 μm.
The eccentric double-core optical fiber comprises a first cylindrical structure 3, a cone structure 4 and a second cylindrical structure 5 which are sequentially connected, wherein the diameter of the cone structure is gradually reduced, and a spherical structure 6 which is prepared from the second cylindrical structure 5 and the same optical fiber is arranged at the other end part of the second cylindrical structure 5. The radius of the first cylindrical structure 3 is 62.5 mu m, the diameter of the second cylindrical structure 5 is 60-80 mu m, the length of the cone structure 4 is 3-5 mm, and the diameter of the sphere structure 6 is 100-200 mu m.
The partial double-core optical fiber comprises a third fiber core 13, a fourth fiber core 12 and a third cladding layer 11 wrapped outside the third fiber core 13 and the fourth fiber core 12, wherein the third cladding layer 11 is outside a first cylindrical structure 3, a cone structure 4 with gradually reduced diameter and a second cylindrical structure 5, the third fiber core 13 is positioned at the center of the partial double-core optical fiber, the distance between the center of the fourth fiber core 12 and the center of the third fiber core 13 is 42.3 mu m, the radius of the third fiber core 13 is 4.2 mu m, and the radius of the fourth fiber core 12 is 3.8 mu m; the portion of the fourth core 12 located in the second cylindrical structure 5 is exposed to air.
The preparation method of the temperature sensor based on the partial double-core special optical fiber, as shown in fig. 4, comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting a single-mode fiber 1, a multimode fiber 2 and a partial double-core fiber in sequence in a discharge cascade welding mode
Before the single-mode optical fiber 1, the multimode optical fiber 2 and the partial-twin-core optical fiber are discharged through the welding equipment, firstly, an optical fiber coating layer with one end at a preset distance is removed, and the preset distance is determined by a person skilled in the art according to actual conditions. And then cutting the end face of one end of which the coating is removed, placing one ends of the single-mode fiber 1 and the multimode fiber 2, of which the coating is removed, on an optical fiber fusion splicer, aligning the end face of the optical fiber with an electrode rod, and carrying out discharge fusion, wherein the discharge intensity and the discharge time are 120bit and 3000ms respectively. The other end of the multimode optical fiber 2 is similarly operated as described above with respect to the partial-twin-core optical fiber.
S2, corroding the other end of the partial-twin-core optical fiber through a corrosion solution to obtain a second cylinder and a cone structure with gradually reduced diameter
Taking the end of the partial double-core optical fiber, which is not welded, with the length of 2cm, removing the cut end face of the coating layer, and wiping the end face with alcohol cotton; then immersing in HF solution with the concentration of 40 percent for 30 minutes, wherein the immersion length is 3-5 mm. And after the corrosion is finished, taking out the fiber, soaking the fiber in alcohol for 20min to wash away the corrosion solution attached to the surface of the optical fiber, and naturally airing to obtain the second cylinder 5 and the cone structure 4 with gradually reduced diameter. Fig. 3a and 3b are schematic views of the apparatus before and after the preparation of the conical structure and the second cylindrical structure of the temperature sensor, respectively. The etching solution may be, but is not limited to, a 40% strength hydrofluoric acid solution.
S3, preparing the corroded end surface of the partial double-core optical fiber into a sphere structure 6 in a discharge mode
And (2) placing the second cylinder 5 and the cone structure 4 with the gradually reduced diameter obtained in the step (S2) into welding equipment, aligning the end face of the optical fiber with an electrode rod, pushing the partial-double-core optical fiber to the side without the optical fiber by 30 mu m, and discharging to obtain a spherical structure, wherein the discharge intensity and the discharge time are respectively 80bit and 3000ms, so as to obtain the temperature sensor.
The following describes the steps of performing a temperature sensing experiment by means of a temperature sensor and obtaining spectral data:
the temperature sensor is fixed on a glass plate and is placed in a temperature control box, a single-mode jumper wire is transmitted out of the temperature control box and is connected with a fiber grating demodulator, a temperature control box switch is turned on, and spectrogram data are recorded at intervals of 5 ℃ from 25 ℃ to 100 ℃. In the temperature sensor structure, light beams enter the multimode optical fiber from the single-mode optical fiber jumper at the input end, and the second fiber core diameter of the multimode optical fiber is larger, so that light transmitted by the single-mode optical fiber jumper can be input into two fiber cores of the partial-double-core optical fiber, and the multimode optical fiber plays a role of 'light beam expansion'. Because the distance between the two fiber cores of the partial-twin-core optical fiber is far, the generated weak coupling phenomenon can be ignored, when light enters the partial-twin-core optical fiber, the light transmitted in the fourth fiber core is reflected by the corroded conical structure, part of light returns in the original path, and the other part of optical fiber is lost in the air; the light transmitted in the third fiber core reaches the spherical structure and is interfered with the light transmitted in the third cladding layer and then returns along the original path, michelson interference is generated on each path of light at the welding position of the multimode fiber and the partial-double-core fiber, and finally the light returns to the jumper position of the single-mode fiber at the input end and the interference spectrum is output by the fiber grating demodulator. Due to the effects of the corrosion conical structure and the spherical structure, optical path difference is generated in the transmission process of two beams of light in the partial-double-core optical fiber, and the temperature can be measured.
The invention provides a temperature sensor based on a partial double-core special optical fiber, wherein one fiber core of the partial double-core optical fiber is exposed by utilizing a cone structure with gradually reduced diameter, the optical path difference of transmitted light is increased, and the sphere structure realizes secondary interference of the transmitted light, so that the effective refractive index of a transmission mode is changed. The temperature sensor has compact and novel structure, high sensitivity and great application potential in the field of temperature measurement.
Claims (8)
1. A temperature sensor based on partial-twin-core special optical fiber, comprising: a single-mode optical fiber (1), a multimode optical fiber (2) and a partial-twin-core optical fiber; one end of the single-mode fiber (1) is connected with one end of the multimode fiber (2), and the other end of the multimode fiber (2) is connected with the end of the first cylindrical structure (3) of the partial double-core fiber;
the eccentric double-core optical fiber comprises a first cylindrical structure (3), a cone structure (4) with gradually reduced diameter and a second cylindrical structure (5) which are sequentially connected, and a spherical structure (6) prepared by the same optical fiber as the second cylindrical structure is arranged at the other end part of the second cylindrical structure (5);
the single-mode optical fiber (1) comprises a first fiber core (8) and a first cladding (7) wrapping the first fiber core (8), wherein the first fiber core (8) is positioned at the center of the single-mode optical fiber (1);
the multimode optical fiber (2) comprises a second fiber core (10) and a second cladding (9) wrapping the second fiber core (10), wherein the second fiber core (10) is positioned at the center of the multimode optical fiber (2);
the partial double-core optical fiber comprises a third fiber core (13), a fourth fiber core (12) and a third cladding (11) wrapping the third fiber core (13) and the fourth fiber core (12), wherein the third fiber core (13) is positioned at the center of the partial double-core optical fiber, and the distance between the center of the fourth fiber core (12) and the center of the third fiber core (13) is 42.3 mu m;
the part of the fourth fiber core (12) positioned on the second cylindrical structure (5) is exposed in the air.
2. A temperature sensor based on partial-twin-core specialty fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the first fiber core (8) is 4.5 mu m, and the radius of the first cladding (7) is 62.5 mu m.
3. A temperature sensor based on partial-twin-core specialty fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the second fiber core (10) is 52.5 mu m, and the radius of the second cladding layer (9) is 62.5 mu m.
4. A temperature sensor based on partial-twin-core specialty fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the third core (13) is 4.2 μm and the radius of the fourth core (12) is 3.8 μm.
5. A temperature sensor based on partial-twin-core specialty fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the second cylindrical structure (5) is 60-80 mu m, and the length of the cone structure (4) is 3-5 mm.
6. A temperature sensor based on partial-twin-core specialty fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the sphere structure (6) is 100-200 mu m.
7. A method for preparing a temperature sensor based on a partial double core special optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting a single-mode fiber (1), a multimode fiber (2) and a partial double-core fiber in sequence in a discharge cascade welding mode;
s2, corroding the other end of the partial-twin-core optical fiber through a corrosion solution;
s3, preparing the corroded end face of the partial double-core optical fiber into a sphere structure (6) in a discharge mode.
8. The method for preparing the temperature sensor based on the partial-twin-core special optical fiber as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the etching solution is 40% HF solution, the immersion length is 3-5 mm, and the immersion time is 30min.
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| CN216348697U (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-19 | 黑龙江大学 | Optical fiber Michelson interferometer based on end face microsphere structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| AU2002311993A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-01-02 | Corning Incorporated | Tapered lensed fiber for focusing and condenser applications |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN101887147A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-11-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Four-core fibre combined optical tweezer and grating power control method thereof |
| CN101907742A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2010-12-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Array optical tweezers based on multicore polarization-preserving fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108387173A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-10 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of ultra-compact all -fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer and preparation method thereof |
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