CN115749822A - Construction system and construction method for micro shield originating and receiving - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction system and a construction method for micro shield initiation and reception, which solve the problems of difficult initiation and reception and low construction efficiency of micro shields in small and medium operation spaces in the prior art. The construction system comprises a shield machine, a rear support, an originating device, a tunneling auxiliary device and a receiving device, wherein the originating device comprises an originating base and a reaction frame which are arranged in an originating well, and a detachable negative ring duct piece is also arranged in the originating well; the tunneling auxiliary device comprises a positive ring pipe piece assembled by a shield machine, an in-tunnel pipeline extending mechanism convenient for the shield pipeline to follow up is arranged on the inner wall of the positive ring pipe piece, and a pipeline downhole tool convenient for the shield pipeline to enter the originating well is arranged at the upper part of the originating well. The construction system for the initiation and the receiving of the micro shield effectively solves the problems of the shield initiation and the receiving construction of a narrow working well in municipal engineering, improves the initiation and the receiving efficiency of the micro shield, and provides a good solution for the application of the micro shield in municipal pipeline engineering.

Description

Construction system and construction method for micro shield initiation and reception

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of micro shield construction, in particular to a micro shield originating and receiving construction system and a construction method.

Background

The shield method has been widely used in subway tunnel engineering. However, the open excavation method is mostly adopted for small-diameter underground pipelines such as urban water supply and drainage, electric power, energy and the like, but the construction efficiency of the method is low, and the large excavation has great influence on urban traffic and environment. Therefore, in recent years, the shield method has been applied to municipal pipeline construction.

Because municipal pipelines are often built under the ground of living areas with busy urban traffic and dense population buildings, the underground urban subway shield has the characteristics of shallow tunnel soil covering, small excavation section, narrow shield working well space and the like, and the construction links of starting, receiving and the like of the shield are greatly different from those of the conventional subway shield. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN113417650A proposes a split starting construction method for slurry shield under deep foundation pit high water pressure small working space, and chinese patent publication No. CN113833480 proposes a shield starting tunneling and reaching construction method, but the split starting mentioned in these technical solutions does not discuss in detail starting and receiving of shield and back supporting equipment, and does not propose an effective solution for shield receiving of small working space. Therefore, it is necessary to design a more targeted micro shield split originating and receiving construction system.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a micro shield initiating and receiving construction system and a construction method, which solve the problems of difficult initiating and receiving of micro shields in small operation spaces and low construction efficiency in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a construction system for starting and receiving a micro shield comprises a shield machine, a rear support, a starting device, a tunneling auxiliary device and a receiving device, wherein the starting device comprises a starting base and a reaction frame which are arranged in a starting well, and a detachable negative ring pipe piece is also arranged in the starting well;

the tunneling auxiliary device comprises a positive ring pipe piece assembled by a shield machine, an in-tunnel pipeline extending mechanism convenient for a shield pipeline to follow is arranged on the inner wall of the positive ring pipe piece, and a pipeline well descending tool convenient for the shield pipeline to enter a starting well is arranged at the upper part of the starting well;

the receiving device includes a receiving base disposed within a receiving well.

The launching base comprises a slope-changing platform and a launching track, wherein the slope-changing platform is laid at the bottom of the launching well, and the launching track is laid on the slope-changing platform.

The negative ring pipe piece comprises a whole ring pipe piece, the reaction frame adopts a front reaction frame, and the front reaction frame is supported at the bottom of the starting well through an inclined strut.

The negative ring pipe piece comprises a whole ring pipe piece and a half ring pipe piece, the reaction frame adopts a rear reaction frame, and the rear reaction frame is supported at the rear end part of the starting well through a supporting column.

The semi-ring segment is an incomplete ring segment with the lower half part assembled and the upper half part vacant.

A positioning device and a counter-force support device corresponding to the semi-ring pipe piece are arranged in the starting well; the positioning device comprises back supports symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semi-ring duct piece, and the back supports on the same side are connected through a transverse support;

the reaction support device comprises an arc-shaped steel ring, one side of the arc-shaped steel ring is tightly propped against the ring surface of the whole ring pipe piece, and the other side of the arc-shaped steel ring is connected with the reaction frame through a support rod.

The pipeline tool for going into the well comprises a lower stirrup supporting leg, an upper support and a guide frame are arranged on the lower stirrup supporting leg, the upper support stretches over the guide frame, and a pulley piece is arranged on the upper support.

The in-hole pipeline extending mechanism comprises a connecting rail plate axially fixed on the inner wall of the positive ring pipe piece, a wheel set is arranged on the connecting rail plate, and a connecting piece used for connecting a shield pipeline is arranged at the lower part of the wheel set.

The back matching comprises a trailer which is matched with a pipe bottom rail laid in the negative ring pipe piece and the positive ring pipe piece, and the trailer is provided with a tunneling auxiliary system.

The trailer includes the trailer bottom plate, and trailer bottom plate bottom is equipped with the trailer walking wheel, is equipped with the trailer stand on the trailer bottom plate, and trailer stand top is equipped with the trailer roof, and trailer roof top forms top pipeline passageway with positive ring section of jurisdiction, and the space that the trailer stand formed trailer bottom plate and positive ring section of jurisdiction is divided into equipment space and side pipeline passageway, and the part that the trailer bottom plate is located equipment space is equipped with the transportation track that supplies the motion of horizontal haulage train.

A construction method of a micro shield originating and receiving construction system is characterized in that the micro shield originating and receiving construction system is utilized to carry out staged split originating and split receiving; wherein the staged split initiation process is as follows:

s1, starting preparation; building an originating base and a reaction frame in an originating well;

s2, the first stage is a negative ring splicing and tunneling stage: the shield tail of the shield machine is about to break away from the tunnel portal and enter a reinforced soil body;

s3, the second stage is a shield host tunneling stage: during the tunneling period of the shield main machine, a synchronous grouting system is not connected with a later matching system, and in the stage, a secondary grouting machine is adopted for grouting after the wall, and a flat car is manually pushed for transporting materials in the tunnel; when the tunneling distance reaches the condition of dismantling the negative ring and meets the length of a part of rear matching trailers, stopping tunneling and preparing to marshal the part of trailers;

the third stage of S4 is a shield host machine + partial trailer tunneling stage: after the tunneling is stopped, detaching the negative ring pipe piece and the reaction frame, putting the pipe piece lifting beam into a well, matching a trailer after the marshalling part, marshalling the battery car, and continuing tunneling to the final starting length; the functions of horizontal transportation of the storage battery car and synchronous grouting of the shield are realized in the stage;

s5, the fourth stage is a complete machine marshalling and tunneling stage: after the shield machine finishes tunneling the residual starting length, stopping the machine, then marshalling all the rear matched trailers to finish split starting;

(II) split receiving: and (3) building a receiving base, and sequentially disassembling and lifting out a cutter head, a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield of the main machine of the shield machine in a split manner, and then disassembling and lifting out a rear matched trailer in a split manner to complete split receiving.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the construction system for starting and receiving the miniature shield adopts the starting device, the tunneling auxiliary device and the receiving device to realize split starting and receiving of the shield; the standard of the foundation pit of the conventional shield working well is further reduced, the construction cost for constructing the working well can be reduced to a certain degree, and the method has better economic benefit. The starting device is matched with the tunneling auxiliary device to finish split starting in a sub-stage, so that the synchronous grouting function of the shield machine can be realized as early as possible in the starting stage, and the starting device has great significance for shield construction quality and safety control. The construction method for the initiation and the receiving of the micro shield effectively solves the problems of the shield initiation and the receiving construction of a narrow working well in municipal engineering, improves the initiation and the receiving efficiency of the micro shield, and provides a good solution for the application of the micro shield in municipal pipeline engineering.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from them by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an origination preparation floor plan of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of an origination preparation of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view of the assembly and tunneling stage of the negative rings;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a shield host tunneling stage;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a shield host + partial trailer tunneling phase;

FIG. 6 is an assembled view of the shield machine;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of semi-ring segment assembly;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a semi-ring segment positioning brace;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a half-ring segment reaction brace;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a pipeline running tool;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an in-hole line extension apparatus;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the arrangement structure inside the hole;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a cutter head receiving state;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of anterior shield reception;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of tail shield reception;

FIG. 16 is a trailer articulated receiving schematic;

FIG. 17 is a diagram of an origination preparation floor plan with reaction stands in front;

FIG. 18 is a side view of the reaction frame forward launch preparation;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a negative ring assembly;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a reaction frame front-mounted + negative ring whole ring assembly mode.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in embodiment 1, a micro shield originating and receiving construction system includes a shield machine 4 and a back kit 5; the shield machine needs to have the function of still realizing propelling and assembling duct pieces after being split, mainly comprises a cutter head 401, a front shield 402, a middle shield 403 and a tail shield 404, and the four parts can be lifted independently or assembled and lifted partially. The construction system also comprises an initial device, a tunneling auxiliary device and a receiving device which are respectively used for initial and auxiliary tunneling and receiving of the shield machine and a rear matching device. The originating device comprises an originating base 2 and a reaction frame 3 which are arranged in an originating well 1, and a detachable negative ring pipe piece is arranged in the originating well 1. The tunneling auxiliary device comprises a positive ring pipe piece 10 assembled by a shield machine 4, an in-tunnel pipeline extending mechanism 14 convenient for a shield pipeline 6 to follow is arranged on the inner wall of the positive ring pipe piece 10, and a pipeline descending tool 13 convenient for the shield pipeline 6 to enter the originating well 1 is arranged at the upper part of the originating well 1. The receiving means comprise a receiving base 18 arranged in a receiving well 17.

The micro shield originating and receiving construction system adopts a split originating and split receiving mode based on a micro shield originating and receiving construction method, and comprises split originating and split receiving in stages. The staged split starting is a process of gradually improving the functions of the whole shield machine by using supporting facilities after step-by-step grouping along with the increase of the tunneling distance. In the early stage, negative rings in a working well are assembled, then a shield host machine independently starts to tunnel to a certain distance, according to the actual engineering requirements, slurry discharging (if the shield machine is in row stagnation, a slurry discharging pump needs to be arranged in front as soon as possible and then moves forwards along with the shield), synchronous grouting (the synchronous grouting is beneficial to fixing of segments in the stratum, synchronous grouting is realized as soon as possible), grease (necessary materials for shield tunneling, large demand and more transportation work), horizontal transportation battery cars (material transportation and construction efficiency improvement) and other core systems are organized, and after the tunneling is continued to the length of the whole machine, all rear matched trailers are organized to finish the starting.

Therefore, the staged split starting is to divide the starting process into 4 stages, wherein the first stage is a negative ring splicing tunneling stage, the second stage is a shield host tunneling stage, the third stage is a shield host + partial trailer tunneling stage, and the fourth stage is complete machine marshalling debugging, so that the starting is finished and the normal tunneling condition is achieved.

1) Starting preparation, which comprises shield working well excavation (size requirement of a working well), end reinforcement (reinforcement range), starting device installation, shield main machine split hoisting, early-stage and later-stage matched trailer configuration and the like.

2) In the first stage, the shield body host is pushed to the completion of negative ring assembly, and the shield tail of the shield machine is about to break away from the portal and enter the reinforced soil body. The core work at this stage is the assembly of negative ring segments.

Wherein, according to the working well space condition, the negative ring section of jurisdiction can comprise whole ring section of jurisdiction, also can comprise semi-ring section of jurisdiction + whole ring section of jurisdiction. After the semi-ring duct pieces are assembled, the semi-ring duct pieces need to be supported and reinforced.

3) And in the second stage, as shown in the attached figure 4, during the tunneling period of the shield main machine, a synchronous grouting system is not connected to a rear support, in the stage, a secondary grouting machine is adopted for grouting after the wall, a flat car is manually pushed for transporting materials in the tunnel, and the construction efficiency is lower in the trial stage. And when the tunneling distance reaches the condition of dismantling the negative ring and meets the length of the partial rear matched trailer, stopping tunneling and preparing to marshal the partial trailer.

4) And in the third stage, after the machine is stopped, the negative ring pipe piece, the starting bracket, the reaction frame and the like are removed, the pipe piece lifting beam is put into the well, a trailer is matched after the grouping part is formed, the battery car is formed, and the tunneling is continued to the starting final length. The horizontal transportation of the storage battery car, the synchronous grouting of the shield and other partial functions are realized at the stage.

5) And in the fourth stage, after the tunneling is finished and the remaining starting length is remained, the machine is stopped, and then all the rear matched trailers are marshalled to finish the split starting.

(II) split receiving. Because the receiving well space is minimum, and receiving well is mostly circular shaft among the municipal pipeline engineering, and effective construction space is then littleer, so the shield structure is received and is also adopted the components of a whole that can function independently form, namely shield structure owner machine (blade disc, foreshield, well shield, tail shield) dismantles in proper order the components of a whole that can function independently and hangs out, and back supporting trailer dismantles in proper order the subsection and hangs out. In the split receiving process of the main machine, the shield machine needs to have the function of still realizing the pushing and the segment assembling after being split.

Wherein, as a preferred scheme, the launching base 2 comprises a slope-changing platform 202 and a launching track 201, the slope-changing platform 202 is paved at the bottom of the launching well 1, and the launching track 201 is paved on the slope-changing platform 202.

In this embodiment the burden ring duct piece includes whole ring section of jurisdiction 7 and half ring section of jurisdiction 8, and half ring section of jurisdiction 8 stacks with whole ring section of jurisdiction 7 in proper order, and quantity sets up the polylith as required. The reaction frame 3 adopts a rear reaction frame 301b, and the rear reaction frame 301b is supported at the rear end of the originating well 1 through a pillar 303 b. Wherein the semi-ring segment 8 is an incomplete ring segment with the lower half part assembled and the upper half part vacant. The semi-ring pipe piece is used as a temporary structure and can be assembled by a through seam, a bottom block 801 is installed firstly, and then two side blocks 802 and 803 are installed. Because there is a gap between the inner diameter of the shield tail and the outer diameter of the duct piece, a plurality of positioning cushion blocks 804 slightly larger than the ring width are additionally arranged on the inner wall of the shield shell at the lower part of the shield tail to offset the gap, so that the central axis of the duct piece is consistent with that of the shield body.

In this embodiment, a positioning device 11 and a counterforce support device 12 corresponding to the half-ring pipe piece 8 are arranged in the starting well 1; after the semi-ring segment is pushed to the ring surface of the steel ring, a positioning device 11 can be arranged for preventing the segment from sinking. Half ring section of jurisdiction 8 assembles and begins to assemble first ring whole ring section of jurisdiction 7 promptly after accomplishing, for avoiding the section of jurisdiction to produce deformation and dislocation to provide sufficient counter force, need set up counter force at transform section of jurisdiction upper portion and prop 12.

Further preferably, the positioning device 11 comprises back supports 1101 symmetrically arranged on two sides of the half-ring segment 8, and the back supports 1001 on the same side are connected through a transverse support 1102. The reaction force supporting device 12 comprises an arc-shaped steel ring 1201, one side of the arc-shaped steel ring 1201 is tightly propped against the ring surface of the whole ring segment 7, and the other side of the arc-shaped steel ring 1201 is connected with the reaction frame 301b through a supporting rod 1201. An arc-shaped steel ring 1201 can be arranged on the first ring whole segment, so that the counter-force support is supported on the steel ring surface.

In the embodiment, the pipeline descending tool 13 is installed on the wellhead retaining wall at the tail of the shield tunneling machine, so that the pipeline can be pulled and descended to extend. As shown in fig. 10, the pipeline downhole tool 13 includes a lower stirrup leg 1302, an upper support 1301 and a guide frame 1303 are arranged on the lower stirrup leg 1302, the upper support 1301 spans over the guide frame 1303, and a pulley member 1304 is arranged on the upper support 1301. The extension line is pulled under the pulley by a rope so that it can extend forward. The guide frame 1303 can be a polygonal frame with an arc surface, and an extension pipeline is placed on the guide frame, so that the extension of the pipeline is smooth, and the pipeline is prevented from being broken.

The pipeline in the tunnel is extended through the in-tunnel extending device 14, so that the pipeline automatically walks along with the shield tunneling. As shown in fig. 11, the in-hole pipeline extending mechanism 14 includes a connecting rail plate 1401 fixed on the inner wall of the right circular segment 10 along the axial direction, a wheel pair 1402 is provided on the connecting rail plate 1401, and a connecting member 1403 for connecting the shield pipeline 6 is provided at the lower part of the wheel pair 1402. The connecting rail plate 1401 can adopt an I-shaped connecting piece to be connected with the segment bolt and extend towards the shield tunneling direction. A pair of pulleys 1402 are arranged on two sides of a web plate of the I-shaped connecting piece 1401 at intervals, the pulleys are connected through a lower connecting piece 1403, the bottom of the I-shaped connecting piece is used for pulling the pipeline through a rope, and the pulleys roll forwards along with the shield tunneling to drive the pipeline to extend forwards.

Further preferably, as shown in fig. 12, the rear support 5 disposed in the hole includes a trailer 15, the trailer 15 is matched with a pipe bottom rail 16 laid in the negative ring pipe piece and the positive ring pipe piece 10, and the trailer 15 is provided with a tunneling auxiliary system. The tunneling auxiliary system can be divided into 501 a priority tunneling group, 502 an originating access group and 503 an originating non-access group according to procedures. 501 comprises a connecting bridge, a pressure maintaining system, a circulation system, a slurry discharging pump, a main control cabinet, a grouting system, a grease system and a slope changing trolley; 502 comprises a hydraulic system, an internal circulating water system, an electric control cabinet, a transformer, a main cable system, an air compressor system and the like; 503 comprises a secondary air fan, a slurry pipeline and an extension device, a slope-changing and track-changing trolley and the like.

Wherein, trailer 15 includes trailer bottom plate 1501, and trailer bottom plate 1501 bottom is equipped with trailer walking wheel 1504, is equipped with trailer stand 1502 on the trailer bottom plate 1501, and trailer stand 1502 top is equipped with trailer roof 1503, and trailer roof 1503 top forms top pipeline passageway 1507 with positive ring section of jurisdiction 10, and trailer stand 1502 divides the space that trailer bottom plate 1501 and positive ring section of jurisdiction 10 formed into equipment space 1506 and side pipeline passageway 1508, all can regard as the pipeline extension passageway of different stages. The portion of trailer floor 1501 in equipment space 1506 is provided with transport rails 1505 for movement of horizontal transport train 9.

The construction process of the embodiment is as follows:

the staged split origination comprises: starting preparation, a negative ring assembling and tunneling stage, a shield host + partial trailer tunneling stage and shield whole machine marshalling and debugging. The length of a main machine of the shield machine is 10.8m, a shield body is divided into three detachable parts, namely a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield (4.4 m, the maximum length of the split bodies), the excavation diameter is 2.84m, and 25 sections of a trailer (the length of each section is 4.7-5.6 m) are matched after excavation.

1. Originating preparation. The method comprises the steps of shield working well excavation, end reinforcement, initial device installation, shield main machine split hoisting, rear matching configuration, equipment debugging and the like.

1) The municipal pipeline shield construction site conditions are limited, but the working well foundation pit required for shield launching and receiving needs to meet basic size requirements. Headroom requirements in the plane of the originating well 1: the length is more than or equal to the length of the main machine of the shield tunneling machine, the thickness of the reaction frame and 1 time of the ring width of the duct piece; the width is more than or equal to the shield body outer diameter plus necessary personnel construction space. The receiving well 17 can be a circular shaft or a rectangular foundation pit, and the inner diameter of the circular shaft

Wherein L is the maximum length of the part after the shield body is split, and d is the maximum outer diameter of the shield body; if the foundation pit is a rectangular foundation pit, the size requirements are that the length is not less than L and the width is not less than d. With in-plane headroom size: the length is 12.4m and the width is 6.5m.

2) And (5) reinforcing the end soil body.

Originating well end reinforcement scope: the length is not less than one time of the length of the shield main machine, the width is not less than one time of the excavation radius of the shield main machine from the center line of the tunnel at one side, and the depth is at least 1m below the bottom surface of the shield tunnel. Common reinforcing modes such as high-pressure jet grouting piles, cement jet grouting piles and the like can be adopted. Preferably, the end of the starting well 1 is reinforced by a high-pressure jet grouting pile, the reinforcing length is 11m, the reinforcing width is 5m, and the depth is 2m below the bottom surface of the shield tunnel.

3) The originating device is installed.

According to the shield starting position and the shield host size requirement, the starting bracket 2 and the reaction frame 3 are installed, and the horizontal rail 201 is laid. The origination brackets preferably employ removable, reusable steel trusses. The originating tunnel door and its sealing device may be made by conventional methods, and are not described in detail.

4) And (5) hoisting the shield main machine in a split manner.

Considering that the starting well is small in size, the shield host 4 is assembled by adopting split hoisting and lowering. The hoisting sequence is as follows: tail shield 104-middle shield 403-front shield 402-cutterhead 401. According to the length condition of the starting well, the front shield and the middle shield can be integrally hoisted, and the tail shield and the cutter head can be hoisted singly; if the length condition allows, the anterior shield, the middle shield and the tail shield can be integrally hoisted, and the cutter head can be hoisted singly. Finally, the overall assembly of the shield body host machine is completed on a downhole starting bracket.

5) And then the components are matched. The split starting mode by stages divides the rear matching system and the trailer 5 into 3 types, the first type is that the vehicle preferentially enters the tunnel group 501, and according to the actual requirements of the project, the connecting bridge, the pressure maintaining system, the circulating system, the slurry discharging pump, the main control cabinet, the grouting system, the grease system and the like can be preferentially grouped into the tunnel, so that the functions of synchronous grouting, reduction of slurry stagnation and discharge, horizontal transportation of the battery car and the like can be realized as soon as possible; the second type is an originating access group 502, which primarily contains some necessary system facilities for electrical, hydraulic, fluid, etc., but the necessity for a priority group into a hole is not great; the trailers 501 and 502 are the systems needed to be used in the starting stage; the third category is the portion of the trailers that are not needed for the start phase and that are accessible before the normal tunneling phase begins, i.e., the starting unaccessed group 503.

The post-corollary system equipment (501 + 502) required to be accessed in the originating stage includes but is not limited to: the system comprises a reverse circulation system, a slurry discharge pump, a hydraulic system facility, a grease system facility, an internal circulation water system facility, a high-voltage power supply system facility, a low-voltage power supply system facility, an air compression system facility, a synchronous grouting system and a slope changing mechanism. The trailer loaded with the required equipment is statically placed underground or on the ground, and all the equipment is communicated through pipelines.

6) And (6) debugging the equipment. And after the shield body and the rear matching system are installed and communicated in place, debugging work of shield equipment is carried out.

2. The first stage (negative ring splicing tunneling stage) is shown as the following figure 3: and (4) the shield machine is propelled from the shield host to the completion of negative ring assembly until the shield tail of the shield machine is about to break away from the tunnel portal and enter the reinforced soil body.

The negative ring pipe piece 7 can be composed of a whole ring pipe piece 7 and a half ring pipe piece 8 according to the space size condition of the originating well. The semi-ring duct piece is an incomplete ring duct piece with the lower half part assembled and the upper half part vacant.

If the burden ring contains the semi-ring section of jurisdiction, then after a plurality of rings were assembled to the semi-ring section of jurisdiction, the section of jurisdiction piecemeal can directly be hung from the open space department in semi-ring section of jurisdiction top and put into, carries out assembling of follow-up section of jurisdiction. In this case, the back space 302 serves only as an inlet for each type of extension line. Because the space 302 of leaning on behind this embodiment reaction frame is only 1m long, so the semi-ring section of jurisdiction need be assembled to the burden ring, puts the mouth as the lifting of material with the upper portion open space of semi-ring section of jurisdiction. In addition, if the number of the semi-ring segments is too large, the problem that the shield posture is difficult to control due to uneven stress distribution of the semi-ring segments when the shield tunneling machine tunnels is solved, so that the semi-ring segments adopt 6 rings, and the whole ring segments adopt 7 rings.

Wherein, the semi-ring segment should be provided with a positioning device 11 and a counterforce support device 12. The positioning device aims to prevent the duct piece from sinking, and a steel structure support can be adopted to support the back of the duct piece. The purpose of the counterforce support is to avoid the pipe piece from deforming and dislocating and provide enough counterforce, and the counterforce support is arranged on the upper arc part between the last ring semi-ring pipe piece and the first ring whole-ring pipe piece. The main points of negative ring assembly are as follows:

1) And (4) protecting the duct piece. In the horizontal transportation of the duct piece, a cushion pad or a rubber pad can be added at the bottom of the duct piece and the ring surface of the duct piece, so that the duct piece is prevented from being damaged due to collision.

2) And (5) positioning and assembling the semi-ring pipe pieces. As shown in fig. 7, the semi-ring segment as a temporary structure can be assembled by a through seam, wherein a bottom block 801 is installed first, and then two side blocks 802 and 803 are installed. Because there is a gap between the inner diameter of the shield tail and the outer diameter of the duct piece, a plurality of positioning cushion blocks 804 slightly larger than the ring width are additionally arranged on the inner wall of the shield shell at the lower part of the shield tail to offset the gap, so that the central axis of the duct piece is consistent with that of the shield body.

3) And (4) moving the semi-ring pipe piece backwards. The leveling steel ring 301 is arranged at the position of the reaction frame 2, and the assembled duct piece is pushed to the contact surface of the steel ring through the bottom oil cylinder of the shield tunneling machine so that the duct piece is tightly attached to the steel ring.

4) Semi-ring section of jurisdiction location reinforcing apparatus 11. As shown in fig. 8, after the semi-ring segment is pushed to the steel ring surface, a positioning and reinforcing device 11 may be provided to prevent the segment from sinking. In this example, the back of the duct piece is supported by using a section steel support, as shown in fig. 9, a back support 1101 is arranged in the middle of each ring of semi-ring duct piece 8, and a transverse support 1102 is additionally arranged between the supports, so that the stability of the duct piece can be ensured.

5) And installing a half-ring segment reaction strut 12. Half ring section of jurisdiction 8 assembles and accomplishes the back and just begins to assemble first ring whole ring section of jurisdiction 7, for avoiding the section of jurisdiction to produce deformation and dislocation to provide sufficient counter-force, need set up the reaction and prop 12 on transform section of jurisdiction upper portion, the reaction props the anchor ring that one end supported in first ring whole ring section of jurisdiction, and one end supports in the reaction frame steel loop 301 of making level. Meanwhile, in order to increase the stress area, an arc-shaped steel ring 1201 can be arranged on the first ring whole segment, so that the counter-force support is supported on the steel ring surface.

3. In the second stage (shield host tunneling stage), as shown in fig. 4, after the negative rings are assembled, the shield host enters the reinforced soil body completely, and the host monomer tunnels forward. In the stage, a secondary grouting machine is adopted for grouting after the wall, and the flat car 902 is manually pushed to transport materials in the hole, so that the construction efficiency is low. When the tunneling distance reaches the condition of dismantling the negative ring and can meet the length of part of the rear matched trailers, stopping the machine and preparing for grouping the rear matched trailers in the next stage.

1) The pipeline is extended. The shield pipeline 6 comprises a wellhead extension pipeline 601 and an underground extension pipeline 602, the wellhead extension pipelines are arranged in bundles and placed in a wellhead open space, and a pipeline downhole tool 13 is installed on a wellhead retaining wall at the tail of the shield machine, so that the pipelines can be pulled and run downhole to extend. The in-tunnel pipeline is extended through the in-tunnel pipeline extension device 14, so that the pipeline automatically travels along with the shield tunneling.

2) And (5) grouting. In the stage, the shield machine is tunneled, and synchronous grouting of the shield machine is difficult to realize, so that a secondary grouting machine is adopted to replace synchronous grouting, a grouting pump is arranged at a wellhead, and the pump is pumped to a working surface.

3) And (5) horizontally transporting. The tunnel is internally provided with a pipe piece bottom rail 16, and a self-made flat car 902 is adopted to walk on the rail 16 to manually push materials such as pipe pieces to a working surface.

4) And (5) determining the stage tunneling distance. The basis for determining the stage tunneling distance is as follows: the condition of dismantling the negative ring duct piece is achieved, the length requirement of a marshalling 501 (a connecting bridge, a pressure maintaining system, a circulating system, a slurry discharging pump, a main control cabinet, a grouting system, a grease system and the like are met, the type of the connected trailer can be according to the actual engineering requirement) is met, and the two conditions are met.

The minimum length that the negative ring can be removed is determined: and when the pipe piece within the tunneling distance provides pipe soil frictional resistance which is greater than the thrust of the shield tunneling machine, the method has the dismantling condition. The pipe soil frictional resistance is calculated according to the following formula: f = N S F P (in the formula, N is the number of assembled positive ring pipe pieces, S is the area of the outer peripheral surface of a single ring pipe piece, F is the comprehensive friction coefficient between the pipe piece and the cement soil formed by backing mud jacking, and P is the average soil pressure acting on the back surface of the pipe piece).

4. The third stage (shield host + partial trailer tunneling stage), as shown in fig. 5: after the machine is stopped, starting devices such as negative ring pipe pieces, starting brackets and reaction frames are removed, the prior tunnel entering group 501 is marshalled into a tunnel, and then the horizontal transport train 9 is marshalled and continuously tunneled.

1) The originating device is removed. After the original position is reached, the original devices such as the negative ring pipe piece, the original bracket and the reaction frame are dismantled. When the negative rings are dismantled, the top sealing blocks are dismantled first, then the adjacent blocks on the two sides are dismantled, and the rings are dismantled successively along the tunneling direction. When the reaction frame is dismantled, the transverse support of the reaction frame is firstly cut off, the reaction frame is unloaded, then the inclined support is cut off, the upper cross beam of the reaction frame is dismantled, the upper semi-ring of the reference ring is dismantled, and the whole reaction frame is dismantled from top to bottom.

2) A group 501. According to actual needs, the trailer with the key functions is assembled, and the trailer comprises but is not limited to a connecting bridge, a pressure maintaining system, a circulating system, a slurry discharging pump, a main control cabinet, a grouting system, a grease system and the like. After various pipelines are disconnected, the trailer is connected with the shield tunneling machine, the extension pipeline is reconnected, and then equipment debugging is completed.

3) The horizontal transfer train 9 is marshalled. After the partial trailer is assembled, the battery car marshalling condition is achieved, and a flat car 902 made of materials such as pipe pieces, grease and grouting is carried behind the battery car 901. The trailer is provided with a track for the bottle car to pass through.

4) And (5) continuing tunneling. After the marshalling and the equipment debugging are finished, the tunneling of the host and part of the trailers at the stage is started until the length of the whole shield machine (namely the split starting length) is reached. The horizontal transportation of storage battery car has been realized to this stage, and functions such as the synchronous slip casting of shield structure, and simultaneously, the thick liquid system of arranging is leading, no longer sets up in well head department, can improve row's thick liquid power, prevents to take place to stagnate and arranges, influences the stability in muddy water storehouse.

5. And a fourth stage (shield whole machine marshalling debugging) as shown in fig. 6. And stopping the machine after the tunneling of the residual starting length is finished, and then grouping all the rear matched trailers to finish the split starting.

Firstly, all pipelines are disconnected, a part of grouped trailers are disassembled and hoisted to the ground, then all the trailers are sequentially assembled in a well, all the pipelines are connected, at this point, the whole shield tunneling machine is completely lowered into the well, equipment is debugged, starting is completed, and the shield tunneling machine enters a normal tunneling stage.

And (II) split receiving. The split receiving is that the main machine (cutter head, front shield, middle shield and tail shield) of the shield machine is disassembled and hoisted out in sequence in a split way, and then the matched trailer is disassembled and hoisted out in sequence in a section way. In the split receiving process of the main machine, the shield machine needs to have the function of still realizing the pushing and assembling of the duct piece after being split. According to the space size condition of the receiving well, 4 parts of the shield host can be completely and independently disassembled and hoisted out, and can also be combined and hoisted out. As shown in fig. 13:

1) The receiving guide 18 is fabricated. The concrete cast-in-place guide table can be adopted, the height of the guide table surface is equal to that of the bottom of the tunnel door, and the guide table support cushion is accurately positioned when the tunnel face is exposed out of the cutter head.

2) And (4) horizontally probing the hole. Before the shield machine enters the reinforcing body, a horizontal exploring hole is drilled in the range of the tunnel portal, and the stratum and water level conditions of the end head area are determined.

3) And (5) adjusting tunneling parameters. Before the shield machine enters the reinforcing body, the pressure of the slurry cabin is gradually reduced, the rotating speed of the cutter head is reduced, and the circulation flow rate of slurry is reduced.

4) Before entering the hole. The cutter head of the shield machine is away from the front of the foundation pit enclosure by a certain distance, the circulating inflow slurry is changed into clear water, clear water is adopted for tunneling, and a large amount of slurry is prevented from flowing out from the gap of the pile body of the tunnel face when the tunneling is continued.

When continuing to be close to the foundation pit enclosure body, adopt the radial slip casting system of shield to consolidate the slip casting to form shutoff seal ring, carry out the secondary slip casting to section of jurisdiction behind the shield tail simultaneously, guarantee that the section of jurisdiction gesture is stable.

5) And (5) sealing and installing the tunnel portal and breaking the tunnel portal. The sealing of the tunnel door generally adopts a cord fabric rubber plate sealing device. And after the shield machine reaches the fender post and grouting is finished, breaking the tunnel portal.

6) And the cutter head, the front shield and the middle shield are separately received. With the progressive advance of the shield machine, the cutter head, the front shield and the middle shield are sequentially pushed into the receiving guide table, and are sequentially subjected to split disassembly and hoisting, as shown in fig. 14.

7) And (5) hoisting the tail shield out. After the cutter head and the middle-front shield are lifted out, the tail shield moves forwards by means of the propulsion oil cylinder in an assembling mode, propulsion is stopped after the segment assembling stroke is met, segments are assembled, and the process is repeated until the segment reaches a set position. After the installation of the designed duct piece is completed, the shield tail is not yet completely out of the hole, so the duct pieces 1001 are continuously assembled until the shield tail is completely separated from the hole door ring, and the tail shield is lifted out, as shown in fig. 15.

8) And (6) plugging the tunnel portal. After the tail shield completely exits the hole, the hole door is sealed, a steel wire rope can be used for tensioning the folding pressing plate, secondary grouting is performed, the duct piece and the reinforcing body are sealed, and the effect of plugging the hole door is achieved.

9) And receiving by a rear matching trailer. As shown in figure 16, after the shield tail is out of the hole, the shield machine also loses the advancing power, the trailer is out of the hole and provides traction force through external mechanical equipment, and the trailer is disassembled and hoisted out in sequence in sections.

Example 2: the negative ring pipe piece comprises a whole ring pipe piece 7, the reaction frame 3 adopts a front reaction frame 301a, and the front reaction frame 301a is supported at the bottom of the originating well 1 through an inclined strut 303 a. If the negative rings are all full-ring segments, the space 302 between the reaction frame and the back rest wall is required to be sufficient, so that when the positive rings are assembled under the condition that the negative rings are not detached, each segment block can be lifted from the space, and then reaches the shield tail assembly position through the reaction frame and the negative rings for assembly.

This embodiment is simultaneously for adopting miniature slurry shield machine to carry out municipal administration underground sewage main conduit's construction. The length of a main machine of the shield machine is 10.8m, a shield body is divided into three detachable parts, namely a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield (4.4 m, the maximum length of the split bodies), the excavation diameter is 2.84m, and 25 sections of a trailer (the length of each section is 4.7-5.6 m) are matched after excavation. The difference is the size of the working well, and there are several differences in its specific embodiment.

Staged split origination

As shown in fig. 17 and 18: because the length of the clearance size in the plane of the starting well 1 is 17.3m and the width is 6.5m, the length of the starting well is considered to be sufficient, and the length of the rear space 302 of the reaction frame can reach 5m, therefore, the rear space can be used as a material hanging opening, and a half-ring pipe piece is not required to be arranged. The difference of this embodiment lies in the partial processes of the two stages of "starting preparation" and "negative ring splicing tunneling" which are separately started.

1. Originating preparation.

1) Excavation of a starting well 1, and clearance size in a plane: the length is 12.4m and the width is 6.5m.

2) And (5) reinforcing the end soil body. The end of the starting well 1 is reinforced by a high-pressure jet grouting pile, the reinforcing length is 11m, the reinforcing width is 5m, and the depth is 2m below the bottom surface of the shield tunnel.

3) The originating device is installed.

The starting carriage 2 is installed with a length of 10m and the track 201 is installed on the upper part of the starting carriage 2 using a detachable and reusable steel truss. The reaction frame 3 is installed, the reaction frame 3 is made of a steel structure, the back of the reaction frame is firmly connected with the bottom plate of the starting well 1 through two inclined struts, and the bottom of the upright post of the reaction frame is firmly connected with the bottom plate of the starting well 1.

The rear space 302 has a length space of 5m, which can be used as a passage for a shield pipeline to enter a well and can be used as a material lifting opening without additionally arranging a semi-ring segment.

4) And (5) hoisting the shield main machine in a split manner.

The shield host machine 4 adopts split hoisting and well descending assembly, an active hinging device is considered to exist between the anterior shield and the middle shield, and the anterior shield and the middle shield are hoisted in a combined mode in order to avoid hoisting damage. The hoisting sequence is as follows: tail shield 404-middle shield 403+ anterior shield 402-cutterhead 401.

5) And then the components are matched.

6) And (5) debugging the equipment. And after the shield body and the rear matching system are installed and communicated in place, debugging of the shield equipment is carried out.

2. In the first stage (negative ring assembling and tunneling stage), the shield host is propelled to the completion of the negative ring assembling from the beginning until the shield tail of the shield host is about to break away from the tunnel portal and enter the reinforced soil body.

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the negative ring segment adopts a whole ring segment 7. The position of the reaction frame 2 is provided with a leveling steel ring 301, and the assembled duct piece is pushed to the contact surface of the steel ring through an oil cylinder at the bottom of the shield tunneling machine so that the duct piece is tightly attached to the steel ring. So assemble and accomplish all negative ring segments. And a positioning and reinforcing device 11 can be arranged below the negative ring pipe sheet. Because there is no semi-ring segment, the reaction force support device 12 is not needed.

The procedure of the remaining stages was identical to that of example 1.

In addition, in the case of 1, the division of the stages for separate origination and reception, it should be noted that two stages are not combined, or some steps in one stage are divided into another stage, which is a different mode from the present invention. If the negative ring assembling stage and the shield host tunneling stage are combined into the same stage, the two stages are actually independent tunneling of the shield host, but the key processes are different, the negative ring assembling stage is mainly used for assembling the negative ring, the positive ring assembling stage is mainly used for assembling the positive ring, and the horizontal transportation and grouting modes in the tunnel are different from the previous stage and the next stage. Or the procedures of dismantling the negative rings and grouping 501 into the tunnel are removed from the tunneling stage of the shield main machine and divided into the negative ring assembling stage. 2. As shown in fig. 20: if the working well is long enough, the back space 302 at the back of the reaction frame 2 can provide a certain working space, but the part is a channel opening for extending the pipeline to go into the well, the pipeline is complex, the material throwing function at the part can be abandoned, and a semi-ring pipe piece is additionally arranged to serve as a material throwing space. 3. Assembling the whole ring pipe piece 7 and the semi-ring pipe piece 8. In this embodiment, a 6-block universal duct piece is taken as an example for explanation, a half-ring duct piece is divided into a bottom block and a side block, and meanwhile, the negative ring is assembled by a through seam. The alternative modes can be different in partitioning, different in arc angle of taking of the semi-ring pipe piece, staggered joint assembling mode and the like. 4. Semi-ring section of jurisdiction positioning and fixing device: the embodiment adopts a cross brace mode, the alternative mode is a diagonal brace or a suspension mode for pulling the duct piece from the upper side, and the final purpose is to prevent the displacement of the semi-ring duct piece. 5. Pipeline frock of going into well. The pipeline tool for going into the well in the embodiment is used for enabling a wellhead retaining wall to be higher than the ground, most of pipelines are hoses, and the tool is used for preventing the hoses from being unsmooth to pass through the pipeline tool. Alternatively, holes are reserved or later drilled in the wall and the pipeline is passed through the holes. 6. A line extension device within the bore. In the embodiment, the in-hole pipeline adopts a self-walking device similar to a pulley, is light in structure and is easy to install and dismantle. The alternative mode is that the steel plates are installed along the line to serve as bearing platforms of the pipelines and are connected with the segment bolts, and the pipelines are directly stacked on the bearing platforms.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a miniature shield constructs the construction system of originated and receipt, includes shield constructs machine (4) and back supporting (5), its characterized in that: the device comprises a starting device, a tunneling auxiliary device and a receiving device, wherein the starting device comprises a starting base (2) and a reaction frame (3) which are arranged in a starting well (1), and a detachable negative ring pipe piece is arranged in the starting well (1);

the tunneling auxiliary device comprises a positive ring pipe piece (10) assembled by a shield machine (4), an in-tunnel pipeline extending mechanism (14) convenient for a shield pipeline (6) to follow is arranged on the inner wall of the positive ring pipe piece (10), and a pipeline well descending tool (13) convenient for the shield pipeline (6) to enter the originating well (1) is arranged at the upper part of the originating well (1);

the receiving device comprises a receiving base (18) arranged in a receiving well (17).

2. The micro shield originating and receiving construction system according to claim 1, wherein: the launching base (2) comprises a slope-changing platform (202) and a launching track (201), wherein the slope-changing platform (202) is laid at the bottom of the launching well (1), and the launching track (201) is laid on the slope-changing platform (202).

3. The micro shield originating and receiving construction system according to claim 1, wherein: the negative ring pipe piece comprises a whole ring pipe piece (7), the reaction frame (3) adopts a front reaction frame (301 a), and the front reaction frame (301 a) is supported at the bottom of the originating well (1) through an inclined strut (303 a).

4. The micro shield originating and receiving construction system according to claim 1, wherein: the negative ring pipe piece comprises a whole ring pipe piece (7) and a half ring pipe piece (8), the reaction frame (3) adopts a rear reaction frame (301 b), and the rear reaction frame (301 b) is supported at the rear end part of the starting well (1) through a support column (303 b).

5. The micro shield originating and receiving construction system according to claim 4, wherein: the semi-ring duct piece (8) is an incomplete ring duct piece with the lower half part assembled and the upper half part vacant.

6. The micro shield originating and receiving construction system according to claim 5, wherein: a positioning device (11) and a counterforce support device (12) corresponding to the semi-ring pipe piece (8) are arranged in the starting well (1); the positioning device (11) comprises back supports (1101) symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semi-ring pipe piece (8), and the back supports (1001) on the same side are connected through a transverse support (1102);

the reaction support device (12) comprises an arc-shaped steel ring (1201), one side of the arc-shaped steel ring (1201) is tightly propped against the ring surface of the whole ring pipe piece (7), and the other side of the arc-shaped steel ring (1201) is connected with the reaction frame (301 b) through a support rod (1201).

7. The micro shield originating and receiving construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: pipeline frock of going into well (13) includes lower part stirrup landing leg (1302), is equipped with upper portion support (1301) and leading truck (1303) on lower part stirrup landing leg (1302), and upper portion support (1301) span in leading truck (1303) top, be equipped with pulley spare (1304) on upper portion support (1301).

8. The micro shield originating and receiving construction system according to claim 7, wherein: the in-hole pipeline extending mechanism (14) comprises a connecting rail plate (1401) fixed on the inner wall of the positive ring pipe piece (10) along the axial direction, a wheel pair (1402) is arranged on the connecting rail plate (1401), and a connecting piece (1403) used for connecting the shield pipeline (6) is arranged at the lower part of the wheel pair (1402).

9. The construction system for the initiation and the reception of the micro shield according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 8, wherein: the rear matching part (5) comprises a trailer (15), the trailer (15) is matched with a pipe bottom rail (16) laid in the negative ring pipe piece and the positive ring pipe piece (10), and the trailer (15) is provided with a tunneling auxiliary system; trailer (15) are including trailer bottom plate (1501), trailer bottom plate (1501) bottom is equipped with trailer walking wheel (1504), be equipped with trailer stand (1502) on trailer bottom plate (1501), trailer stand (1502) top is equipped with trailer roof (1503), trailer roof (1503) top and positive ring section of jurisdiction (10) form top pipeline passageway (1507), trailer stand (1502) divide into equipment space (1506) and side pipeline passageway (1508) with the space that trailer bottom plate (1501) and positive ring section of jurisdiction (10) formed, the part that trailer bottom plate (1501) are located equipment space (1506) is equipped with transportation track (1505) that supply horizontal transport train (9) motion.

10. A construction method of a construction system for starting and receiving a micro shield is characterized in that: performing staged split origination and split reception using the micro shield origination and reception construction system of claim 9; wherein the staged split starting process is as follows:

s1, starting preparation; building an originating base (2) and a reaction frame (3) in an originating well (1);

s2, the first stage is a negative ring splicing tunneling stage: the shield tail of the shield machine is about to break away from the tunnel portal and enter a reinforced soil body;

s3, the second stage is a shield host tunneling stage: during the tunneling period of the shield main machine, a synchronous grouting system is not connected in a later matching manner, and in the stage, a secondary grouting machine is adopted for grouting after the wall, and a flat car is manually pushed for transporting materials in the tunnel; when the tunneling distance reaches the condition of dismantling the negative ring and meets the length of a part of rear matching trailers, stopping tunneling and preparing to marshal the part of trailers;

the third stage of S4 is a shield host machine + partial trailer tunneling stage: after the tunneling is stopped, detaching the negative ring pipe piece and the reaction frame, putting the pipe piece lifting beam into a well, matching a trailer after the marshalling part, marshalling the battery car, and continuing tunneling to the final starting length; the functions of horizontal transportation of the storage battery car and synchronous grouting of the shield are realized in the stage;

s5, the fourth stage is a complete machine marshalling and tunneling stage: after the shield machine finishes tunneling the residual starting length, stopping the machine, then marshalling all the rear matched trailers to finish split starting;

(II) split receiving: and (3) building a receiving base (18), disassembling and lifting out a cutter head, a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield of a main machine of the shield machine in a split manner in sequence, disassembling and lifting out a rear matched trailer in a split manner in sequence, and completing split receiving.

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