CN115728810A - Monitoring circuit structure, PET detector and PET detector monitoring system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring circuit structure, a PET detector and a PET detector monitoring system. The monitoring circuit structure includes: the data forwarding module comprises a data switching matrix and at least three interfaces connected with the data switching matrix, each interface is used for receiving and sending data, one interface of the at least three interfaces is connected with the local data processing module, and other interfaces of the at least three interfaces are used for connecting external equipment, wherein the data switching matrix is used for forwarding the data to the local data processing module or the external equipment according to the address of the received data. By adding the data exchange matrix to the monitoring circuit structure of the PET detector, each detector has a data distribution function, physical connecting lines and interfaces can be reduced in a limited space, the reliability of a system is improved, the channel utilization rate is improved, and the data transmission rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic information, and particularly relates to a monitoring circuit structure, a PET detector and a PET detector monitoring system.
Background
In the field of PET detector monitoring application, it is necessary to connect the monitoring circuit structures of multiple PET detectors (sub-nodes) in a narrow space to a remote main control computer (main node), and it is required to use as few physical connections as possible due to the narrow space. Currently, there are generally bus mount schemes (fig. 1), star topology schemes (fig. 2), and ring topology schemes (fig. 3). The bus mounting scheme uses a common three-state gate, a pull-up resistor is required to be additionally arranged, impedance on a bus is discontinuous, multipoint electrical connection is realized, error codes are easy to generate, and when the number of mounting nodes is too large, electrical performance is changed greatly; all lines of the star topology structure converge to the central node, so that the number of interfaces of the central node is excessive, and the physical connecting lines are long and occupy larger space; the ring topology structure is in one-way transmission, the system reliability is poor, and the main control node is a part of the ring and needs a longer connecting line; by using the transmission mode of the token pass, the designated sending node occupies the whole channel at each moment, and the utilization rate of the channel is low.
Disclosure of Invention
(I) technical problems to be solved by the invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: how to reduce physical interfaces and connecting wires in a limited space, how to improve the connection reliability and improve the signal utilization rate.
(II) the technical scheme adopted by the invention
A monitoring circuit structure for a PET detector, the monitoring circuit structure comprising a local data processing module and a data forwarding module, the data forwarding module comprising a data switching matrix and at least three interfaces connected with the data switching matrix, each of the interfaces being adapted to receive and transmit data, one of the at least three interfaces being connected with the local data processing module, and the other of the at least three interfaces being adapted to connect an external device, wherein the data switching matrix is adapted to forward the data to the local data processing module or the external device in dependence on an address of the received data.
Preferably, the external device comprises a remote host computer and/or other monitoring circuit structure.
Preferably, the data switching matrix includes an address parsing unit, a data caching unit, and a data collecting unit, which are connected in sequence, where the address parsing unit is configured to parse target addresses of data received by each interface, the data caching unit is configured to cache the parsed data, and the data collecting unit is configured to transmit the data in the data caching unit to the interface mapped to the target address of the data, so as to send the data, where each interface maps a different target address.
Preferably, the data switching matrix is implemented based on programmable hardware circuitry.
The application also discloses a PET detector, the PET detector includes signal processing module, local data processing module and data forwarding module, local data processing module with signal processing module electricity is connected, data forwarding module include the data exchange matrix and with the at least three interface that the data exchange matrix is connected, every the interface is used for receiving and sending data, at least three an interface of interface with local data processing module connects, and at least three other of interface the interface is used for connecting the external equipment, wherein the data exchange matrix is used for according to the address of received data with data forwarding to local data processing module or the external equipment.
Preferably, the external device comprises a remote host computer and/or other PET detectors.
Preferably, the data switching matrix includes an address parsing unit, a data caching unit, and a data collecting unit, which are connected in sequence, where the address parsing unit is configured to parse target addresses of data received by each interface, the data caching unit is configured to cache the parsed data, and the data collecting unit is configured to transmit the data in the data caching unit to the interface mapped to the target address of the data, so as to send the data, where each interface maps a different target address.
Preferably, the data switching matrix is implemented based on programmable hardware circuits.
The application also discloses a PET detector monitoring system, which comprises a remote main control computer and a plurality of PET detectors, wherein the monitoring circuit structures of the PET detectors are connected in a preset mode, and the remote main control computer is connected with one of the monitoring circuit structures of the PET detectors.
Preferably, the predetermined manner is: and all the PET detectors are sequentially connected end to form an annular network.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention discloses a monitoring circuit structure, a PET detector and a PET detector monitoring system, which have the following technical effects compared with the prior art:
the distributed data exchange matrix structure is adopted, the data exchange matrix with few ports is arranged on each PET detector for data distribution and exchange processing, physical connecting lines and interfaces can be reduced in limited space, the reliability of the system is improved through multiple transmission channels, the utilization rate of the channels is improved, and the data transmission rate is improved through point-to-point transmission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bus mount scheme in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art star-type centralized control scheme;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a prior art ring token control scheme;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a monitoring circuit configuration according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a data forwarding module according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a PET detector according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic connection diagram of a PET detector monitoring system according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is another connection diagram of a PET detector monitoring system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Before describing in detail various embodiments of the present application, the inventive concepts of the present application are first briefly described: when monitoring a plurality of PET detectors, the bus mount scheme, the star topology scheme and the ring token control scheme adopted in the prior art have the defects of unstable connection, excessive number of interfaces of a central node, overlarge occupied space of a connecting line, low channel utilization rate caused by token transmission and the like.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the monitoring circuit structure of the first embodiment includes a local data processing module 100 and a data forwarding module 200, where the data forwarding module 200 includes a data switching matrix and at least three interfaces, each interface is used to receive and send data, one interface of the at least three interfaces is connected to the local data processing module, and the other interfaces of the at least three interfaces are used to connect an external device, where the data switching matrix is used to forward data to the local data processing module or the external device according to an address of the received data.
The local data processing module 100 has the main functions of completing the collection, amplification, discrimination, temperature reading and the like of sensor signals, wherein the local data processing module 100 receives data (downlink data) sent by a master node (the master node in the first embodiment is a remote master computer), and the downlink data indicates the local data processing module 100 to perform threshold setting, high voltage adjustment, voltage on/off and other functional operations and parameter adjustment related to the PET detector. The data (uplink data) generated by the local data processing module 100 includes the current operating state parameters of the PET detector, such as the circuit state, the threshold value, the high voltage value, the temperature value, etc., and the uplink parameters need to be sent to the master node so as to facilitate real-time monitoring and adjustment. All the uplink data can only finally reach the main node by being forwarded to the only child node (PET detector in the first embodiment) connected with the main node for multiple times. Each piece of downlink data first reaches the child node connected to the master node, may be forwarded by the data forwarding modules of multiple child nodes, and finally reaches the target child node (the target child node in this embodiment is the child node connected to the master node). The local data processing module 100 is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Further, the data exchange matrix is implemented based on a programmable hardware circuit, and may be implemented by a field programmable gate array (FPAG), or implemented on embedded hardware, and the number of the interfaces may be increased according to specific requirements, for example, as shown in fig. 5, for convenience of description, the number of the interfaces in the first embodiment is four, and the four interfaces are respectively a first interface 11, a second interface 12, a third interface 13, and a fourth interface 14, where the first interface 11 is connected to the local data processing module 100, the second interface 12 is used to connect to a remote host computer, and the third interface 13 and the fourth interface 14 are respectively used to connect to different monitoring circuit structures of the PET detector.
Further, the data switching matrix includes an address resolution unit 21, a data cache unit 22, and a data collection unit 23, which are connected in sequence, where the address resolution unit 21 is configured to resolve target addresses of data received by each interface, the data cache unit 23 is configured to cache the resolved data, and the data collection unit 23 is configured to transmit the data in the data cache unit 23 to an interface mapped with the target addresses of the data for transmission, where each interface maps different target addresses respectively. The number of the address resolution unit 21 and the number of the data collection unit 23 are the same as the number of the interfaces, each interface is connected with the address resolution unit 21 and the data collection unit 23 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the data cache unit 22 includes a plurality of cache subunits, and each cache subunit is used for caching data of different addresses. The number of cache subunits is N × N, where N is the number of interfaces.
Illustratively, when the number of interfaces is four, the number of the address resolution units 21 and the number of the data collection units 23 are four. The address resolution unit 21 includes: a first address resolution unit 21a, a second address resolution unit 21b, a third address resolution unit 21c, and a fourth address resolution unit 21d. The data collection unit 23 includes: a first data collection unit 23a, a second data collection unit 23b, a third data collection unit 23c, and a fourth data collection unit 23d. The number of the buffer subunits is 16, the buffer addresses of each buffer subunit are different, and the buffer addresses indicate the entry and exit of data, for example, 1-2 buffer subunits indicate that data input from the first interface 11 and required to be output from the second interface 12 are buffered. The first address resolution unit 21a is connected with the first interface 11 and four cache subunits (1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4), the second address resolution unit 21b is connected with the second interface 12 and four cache subunits (2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4), the third address resolution unit 21c is connected with the third interface 13 and four cache subunits (2-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4), and the fourth address resolution unit 21d is connected with the fourth interface 14 and four cache subunits (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4). The first data collection unit 23a is connected with the first interface 11 and four buffer subunits (1-1, 2-1, 3-1, 4-1), the second data collection unit 23b is connected with the second interface 12 and four buffer subunits (1-2, 2-2, 3-2, 4-2), the third data collection unit 23c is connected with the third interface 13 and four buffer subunits (1-3, 2-3, 3-3, 4-3), and the fourth data collection unit 23d is connected with the fourth interface 14 and four buffer subunits (1-4, 2-4, 3-4, 4-4).
As can be seen from the above description, the data exchange matrix of the first embodiment has functions of data receiving, determining, caching, and distributing; after receiving the data, the data exchange matrix judges whether the data belongs to the data which the node needs to receive according to the address of the data obtained by analysis, if the target node of the data is the node, the node receives the data for processing; if the data does not belong to the node, the data is marked with a processing node label and then is sent out according to a specified interface, all the child nodes are connected in a traversing way, and the data finally reaches the target child node.
Further, the data collection unit 23 is also used for editing the path information of the data. When the number of the child nodes is large, after the child nodes are connected, if a plurality of transmission paths from the child nodes to the target child node exist, if the path information of the data is not modified, the transmission can be carried out according to a default path corresponding to the target address of the data, and after the path information of the data is modified, the transmission can be carried out according to a new path.
It should be noted that the functions of the modules of the data exchange matrix may be implemented by programming the FPGA, and the data transmission may be implemented by combining predetermined forwarding rules corresponding to the overall connection mode of all nodes. After all nodes are connected, the address code of each sub-node and the address interval of each interface are set in combination with the target address of the data, so that data transmission of each node can be realized, and the specific setting process can be realized by a person skilled in the art who is familiar with FPGA programming, and is not described herein any more.
Illustratively, in the case where the child node X is connected to the child node A1 and the child node B1, A1 is connected to the child node A2, A2 is connected to the child node C, and B1 is connected to the child node B2, then different addresses are assigned to different child nodes, and the address code of each child node is combined with the actual connection structure code, taking into consideration the feasibility of forwarding logic, for example, the address codes of B1 and B2 may be respectively assigned as 0X80, 0X7f, A1, A2, and C as 0X81, 0X82, and 0X83, then when the X node performs data forwarding, the forwarding rule "transmission with a target address greater than 0X80 to A1 and a target address less than or equal to 0X80 to B1" is assigned, so that data addressed to C (target address 0X 83) can reach the destination via X-A1-A2-C.
As shown in fig. 6, the second embodiment further discloses a PET detector, which includes a signal processing module and a monitoring circuit structure, wherein the signal processing module of the PET detector includes a scintillation crystal (which converts gamma rays into scintillation fluorescence), a photoelectric converter (which converts the scintillation fluorescence into an electrical signal), and a readout circuit (which discriminates, amplifies, and shapes signals). A photoelectric converter in the signal processing module needs high-voltage power supply when working, a reading circuit needs to discriminate a threshold value when working, the temperature of each part of the PET detector needs to be monitored, and the temperature drift feedback of signal amplification gain is determined. Therefore, the monitoring of the PET detectors is to complete the functions of high-voltage power supply control, threshold setting discrimination and real-time temperature measurement, and each PET detector needs to complete the above functions, which can be controlled by the local data processing module, and the specific control process is well known to those skilled in the art and is not described herein. In addition, each PET detector (sub-node) is connected with a remote main control computer (main node) through an interface according to a preset mode, and data transmission is carried out according to a preset data forwarding rule, so that the whole system is monitored. It should be noted that the improved point of the present invention lies in the monitoring circuit structure portion of the PET detector, and other portions of the PET detector are the prior art, and are not described herein again.
The monitoring circuit structure of the PET detector of the second embodiment includes a local data processing module 100 and a data forwarding module 200, the data forwarding module 200 includes a data exchange matrix and at least three interfaces, each interface is used for receiving and sending data, one interface of the at least three interfaces is connected with the local data processing module, and other interfaces of the at least three interfaces are used for connecting external devices, wherein the data exchange matrix is used for forwarding data to the local data processing module or the external devices according to addresses of the received data, and the external devices include a remote main control computer and other PET detectors.
For a specific description of the local data processing module 100 in the second embodiment, reference may be made to the related description of the first embodiment, the data exchange matrix is implemented based on a field programmable hardware circuit, and the number of the interfaces may be increased according to specific requirements, for example, as shown in fig. 5, for convenience of description, the number of the interfaces in the second embodiment is four, and the number of the interfaces is a first interface 11, a second interface 12, a third interface 13, and a fourth interface 14, respectively, where the first interface 11 is connected to the local data processing module 100, the second interface 12 is used to connect to a remote host computer, and the third interface 13 and the fourth interface 14 are respectively used to connect to different monitoring circuit structures of the PET detector.
Further, the data switching matrix includes an address resolution unit 21, a data cache unit 22, and a data collection unit 23, which are connected in sequence, where the address resolution unit 21 is configured to resolve target addresses of data received by each interface, the data cache unit 23 is configured to cache the resolved data, and the data collection unit 23 is configured to transmit the data in the data cache unit 23 to an interface mapped with the target addresses of the data for transmission, where each interface maps different target addresses respectively. The number of the address resolution unit 21 and the number of the data collection unit 23 are the same as the number of the interfaces, each interface is connected with the address resolution unit 21 and the data collection unit 23 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the data cache unit 22 includes a plurality of cache subunits, and each cache subunit is used for caching data of different addresses. The number of cache subunits is N × N, where N is the number of interfaces.
For the detailed principle of the data switching matrix, reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein.
The third embodiment further discloses a PET detector monitoring system, which includes a remote main control computer and a plurality of PET detectors of the second embodiment, wherein monitoring circuit structures of the plurality of PET detectors are connected according to a predetermined mode, and the remote main control computer is connected with a monitoring circuit structure of one of the PET detectors. The number of the remote main control computer and the PET detection can be set by self, and the embodiment is not limited.
The third embodiment has various predetermined manners, and for example, when one PET detector in the plurality of PET detectors has four interfaces and the rest of the PET detectors have three interfaces, the PET detectors are sequentially connected end to form a ring network, as shown in fig. 7. It should be noted that the number of interfaces of each PET detector may be the same or different, and is selected according to the actual situation.
In an application scenario, when a plurality of three-interface PET detectors and four-interface PET detectors jointly form a PET detector monitoring system, a bidirectional annular topological connection mode can be adopted. As shown in fig. 8, a denotes a remote host computer (host node), B1, B2 \8230, bn denotes a PET detector (child node), and various connection methods are used for interconnecting the child nodes. Due to the limitation of limited space, the comprehensive consideration among physical connecting lines, the number of interfaces and the transmission reliability, the topology that each sub-node of B1 and B2 \8230nand Bn forms a bidirectional ring is the best choice. Therefore, the main node A can be accessed by any child node, and fewer physical connecting lines and physical interfaces are used.
Compared with a bus mounting scheme, the PET detector monitoring system provided by the third embodiment has the advantages that: point-to-point connection is adopted, so that the data transmission rate is high; the interconnection is simple, the chips are directly and electrically interconnected, and an additional circuit is not needed; the nodes can be increased and decreased at will without affecting the electrical performance of the channel. Compared with a star centralized control scheme, the method has the advantages that: the central master control node does not need a large number of connection ports, and the total length of the required connection lines is small. Compared with a ring topology scheme, the method has the advantages that: the main node is outside the ring and is accessed through an interface reserved in any child node to realize the connection with each child node; the token mode is not used for allocating and occupying the channel, and the child nodes can send data at any time, so that the channel utilization rate is improved; the number of sub-nodes is easily increased or decreased; multiple transmission paths increase the reliability of the system.
Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents, and that such changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A monitoring circuit arrangement for a PET detector, comprising a local data processing module and a data forwarding module, the data forwarding module comprising a data switching matrix and at least three interfaces connected to said data switching matrix, each of said interfaces being adapted to receive and transmit data, one of the at least three interfaces being connected to said local data processing module and the other of the at least three interfaces being adapted to connect to an external device, wherein said data switching matrix is adapted to forward data received to said local data processing module or to said external device in dependence on the address of said data.
2. The monitoring circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein said external device comprises a remote host computer and/or other said monitoring circuit arrangement.
3. The monitoring circuit structure according to claim 1, wherein the data switch matrix includes an address parsing unit, a data buffering unit, and a data collecting unit, which are connected in sequence, the address parsing unit is configured to parse a target address of data received by each interface, the data buffering unit is configured to buffer the parsed data, and the data collecting unit is configured to transmit the data in the data buffering unit to the interface mapped to the target address of the data for transmission, where each interface maps to a different target address.
4. The monitoring circuit arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the data switching matrix is implemented on the basis of programmable hardware circuits.
5. A PET detector, comprising a signal processing module, a local data processing module and a data forwarding module, wherein the local data processing module is electrically connected to the signal processing module, the data forwarding module comprises a data exchange matrix and at least three interfaces connected to the data exchange matrix, each of the interfaces is configured to receive and transmit data, one of the interfaces is connected to the local data processing module, and the other interfaces of the interfaces are configured to connect to an external device, wherein the data exchange matrix is configured to forward the data to the local data processing module or the external device according to an address of the received data.
6. The PET detector of claim 5 wherein the external device includes a remote host computer and/or other PET detectors.
7. The PET detector according to claim 5, wherein the data exchange matrix comprises an address resolution unit, a data buffer unit and a data collection unit, which are connected in sequence, the address resolution unit is used for resolving a target address of data received by each interface, the data buffer unit is used for buffering the resolved data, and the data collection unit is used for transmitting the data in the data buffer unit to the interface mapped with the target address of the data for transmission, wherein each interface maps different target addresses.
8. The PET detector of claim 7, wherein the data exchange matrix is implemented based on programmable hardware circuitry.
9. A PET detector monitoring system, comprising a remote host computer and a plurality of PET detectors as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, the monitoring circuit structures of the plurality of PET detectors being connected in a predetermined manner, the remote host computer being connected to the monitoring circuit structure of one of the PET detectors.
10. The PET detector monitoring system of claim 9, wherein the predetermined manner is: and all the PET detectors are sequentially connected end to form an annular network.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111021162.XA CN115728810A (en) | 2021-09-01 | 2021-09-01 | Monitoring circuit structure, PET detector and PET detector monitoring system |
| PCT/CN2021/116350 WO2023028973A1 (en) | 2021-09-01 | 2021-09-03 | Monitoring circuit structure, pet detector, and pet detector monitoring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111021162.XA CN115728810A (en) | 2021-09-01 | 2021-09-01 | Monitoring circuit structure, PET detector and PET detector monitoring system |
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| US7667199B2 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2010-02-23 | General Electric Company | System and method for ascribing times to events in a medical imaging system |
| CN101695040B (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-12-28 | 福建星网锐捷网络有限公司 | Modularization switch and method thereof for exchanging data |
| CN103099639B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-12-24 | 江苏中惠医疗科技股份有限公司 | Ring topological structure of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging system and achieving method thereof |
| CN108324308B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2024-07-02 | 苏州瑞迈斯科技有限公司 | Digital PET system |
| CN108718287B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2021-03-09 | 上海讯析电子科技有限公司 | Data exchange system, establishment method and device thereof and communication system |
| CN110245101B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2024-06-18 | 吉林大学 | Multi-communication interface data exchange board card and implementation system thereof |
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