CN115725871A - Preparation method of silver tin oxide electrical contact material - Google Patents
Preparation method of silver tin oxide electrical contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115725871A CN115725871A CN202211393130.7A CN202211393130A CN115725871A CN 115725871 A CN115725871 A CN 115725871A CN 202211393130 A CN202211393130 A CN 202211393130A CN 115725871 A CN115725871 A CN 115725871A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a silver tin oxide electrical contact material, which adopts the technical scheme that the preparation method comprises the working procedures of atomization, powder oxidation, powder mixing, ingot pressing, sintering, ingot oxidation and the like, wherein during powder mixing, powder of a low-melting-point metal additive and AgSnO (AgSnO) 2 Mixing the powders uniformly to obtain mixed powder, cold isostatic pressing the mixed powder to obtain billet, sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is higher than the melting point of the low-melting-point metal additive, melting the low-melting-point metal additive powder to liquid state to form a liquid-phase sintering layerThe formation of the liquid-phase sintered layer can improve the SnO of the liquid Ag in the working process of the contact 2 The wettability of the particles, thereby improving the arc erosion resistance and the fusion welding resistance of the contact material; the formation of the liquid-phase sintering layer can improve the processability of the material and improve the density of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrical contact materials, in particular to a preparation method of a silver tin oxide electrical contact material.
Background
AgSnO 2 The contact material has better fusion welding resistance and arc erosion resistance compared with other cadmium-free AgMeO, and is the most promising contact material for replacing AgCdO in the current environment-friendly AgMeO contact materials. But because of the liquid Ag to SnO 2 Has poor wettability, under the action of electric arc, snO 2 The Ag alloy is difficult to suspend in a liquid Ag molten pool to separate from an Ag matrix and is enriched on the surface of the contact, and a slag layer with poor conductivity is formed, so that the temperature rise of the contact in the using process is overhigh, and the material has poor arc erosion resistance and fusion welding resistance.
At present, agSnO 2 The industrialized production process of the contact material mainly comprises three processes, namely an alloy internal oxidation process, a powder pre-oxidation process and a powder mixing process. The oxidation process within the alloy can form an oxide depleted zone in the middle of the contact, reducing the electrical performance of the contact. Compared with the products prepared by the internal oxidation method, the products prepared by the traditional powder pre-oxidation method and the powder mixing method have lower material compactness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a preparation method of a silver tin oxide electrical contact material.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a silver tin oxide electrical contact material comprises the following steps:
(1) Atomizing: smelting and atomizing Ag ingots, sn ingots and other metal additives in proportion to prepare AgSn alloy powder;
(2) Powder oxidation: oxidizing AgSn alloy powder to obtain AgSnO 2 Pulverizing;
(3) Mixing powder: preparing a low-melting-point metal additive, mixing the additive powder with AgSnO 2 Uniformly mixing the powder to obtain mixed powder; the "low melting point" of the low melting metal additive herein is the melting point of the additive is lower compared to the melting point of the Ag ingot;
(4) And (3) ingot pressing: performing cold isostatic pressing on the mixed powder in the step (3) to obtain a billet;
(5) And (3) sintering: sintering the billet at a temperature higher than the melting point of the additive metal powder, and forming a liquid phase sintering layer under the protection of atmosphere;
(6) And (3) oxidation: oxidizing the sintered spindle in an oxygen-containing atmosphere;
(7) And the oxidized spindle is subjected to subsequent extrusion-rolling-punching to manufacture a sheet contact or extrusion-drawing to manufacture a wire material.
The other metal additives in step (1) may be one or both of high melting point additives Cu and Ni, or may be lower melting point additives.
The low-melting-point metal additive In the step (3) is further configured to include one or more of Bi, in, zn and Sb, and may be a mixture of pure metal powders or an alloy powder.
Further setting the mass of the low-melting-point metal additive and AgSnO in the step (3) 2 The mass ratio of the powder is 0.5-3%.
Further setting the average grain size and AgSnO of the low-melting metal additive in the step (3) 2 The ratio of the average particle sizes of the powders should be less than 1.
And (3) further setting the sintering temperature in the step (5) to be 500-900 ℃, wherein the temperature is higher than the melting points of all low-melting-point metals, and the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or argon.
The silver tin oxide electrical contact material prepared by the invention is prepared by adding a low-melting-point metal additive and AgSnO 2 Mixing the powders according to the average particle size of the designed low-melting metal additive powder and AgSnO 2 The ratio of the average particle size of the powder is less than 1 2 The particles of the powder are such that the low melting point metal additive powder is easy to enter the AgSnO in the powder mixing process 2 The sintering temperature is higher than the melting point of the metal additive powder in the subsequent sintering process, so that the metal additive powder is melted into liquid to form a liquid-phase sintered layer, and the liquid-phase sintered layer is made of AgSnO 2 The boundary of the powder particles is formed, and the liquid phase migration speed is much higher than that of solid phase diffusion, so that the liquid phase sintered layer can be rapidly filled with AgSnO 2 The gaps at all positions in the billet greatly increase the density of the sintered billet, thereby improving the density of the finished contact.
In addition, agSnO is sintered 2 The particles are wetted by the liquid metal additive, the metal additive and the surrounding AgSnO 2 The particles have good bonding strength, so that the metal additives are oxidized and then are bonded with the AgSnO 2 The particles can be bonded more firmly, which helps to improve the processing performance of the material in the subsequent rolling or drawing process.
Also, the liquid-phase sintered layer as mentioned above is formed on AgSnO 2 (ii) formation at the boundary of the particle; i.e., agSnO 2 The liquid phase sintered layer coated with additive elements around the particles can improve SnO caused by liquid Ag in the processes of contact work and arc erosion 2 Wettability of the particles, thereby preventing SnO 2 The phenomenon of excessive temperature rise caused by the enrichment on the contact surface can obviously improve the arc erosion resistance and the fusion welding resistance of the contact material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. since the sintering temperature during sintering is higher than the melting point of the low-melting-point metal additive, the low-melting-point metal additive powder is meltedForming a liquid-phase sintered layer, wherein the formation of the liquid-phase sintered layer can improve the SnO of liquid Ag in the working process of the contact 2 The wettability of the particles, thereby improving the arc erosion resistance and the fusion welding resistance of the contact material; 2. the formation of the liquid-phase sintering layer can improve the processability of the material and improve the density of the material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings obtained from the drawings still belong to the scope of the present invention without creative efforts;
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
(1) Atomizing: smelting and atomizing 21.875kg of silver ingot, 1.968kg of tin ingot and 0.100kg of copper ingot to obtain 23.943kg of AgSn alloy powder with the average particle size of 10 mu m;
(2) Powder oxidation: oxidizing the AgSn alloy powder to obtain 24.500kg of AgSnO 2 Pulverizing; the average particle size is 10 μm;
(3) Mixing powder: preparing 0.449kg of bismuth powder with average particle size of 1.8 μm, mixing the bismuth powder with AgSnO 2 Mixing the powders uniformly to obtain 24.949kg of mixed powder;
(4) And (3) ingot pressing: the mixed powder is pressed into a billet by cold isostatic pressing;
(5) And (3) sintering: sintering the billet at 600 ℃ for 2h under the protection of argon atmosphere;
(6) And (3) oxidation: oxidizing the sintered spindle in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain a blank ingot of 25.000 kg;
(7) The oxidized spindle is subjected to subsequent extrusion-rolling-punching to manufacture the flaky contact, the AgSnO 2 Contact materialSnO in material working layer 2 10% of CuO, 0.5% of Bi 2 O 3 2% of silver and the balance of silver.
Example two:
(1) Atomizing: smelting and atomizing 21.838kg of silver ingot, 1.575kg of tin ingot, 0.414kg of indium ingot and 0.029kg of nickel ingot to obtain 23.856kg of AgSn alloy powder with the average particle size of 12 mu m;
(2) Powder oxidation: oxidizing the AgSn alloy powder to obtain 24.376kg of AgSnO 2 Pulverizing; the average particle size is 12 μm;
(3) Mixing powder: 0.414kg of indium powder and 0.100kg of zinc powder were prepared, the average particle size was 1 μm, and these two additive powders were mixed with AgSnO 2 Mixing the powders uniformly to obtain 24.890kg of mixed powder;
(4) And (3) ingot pressing: the mixed powder is pressed into a billet by cold isostatic pressing;
(5) And (3) sintering: sintering the billet at 700 ℃ for 1.5h under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere;
(6) And (3) oxidation: oxidizing the sintered spindle in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain a blank ingot of 25.000 kg;
(7) The oxidized spindle is subjected to subsequent extrusion-drawing to prepare a wire material, and the AgSnO 2 SnO in contact material 2 Content 8% In 2 O 3 4 percent of the NiO, 0.5 percent of the ZnO, 0.15 percent of the NiO and the balance of the silver.
Example three:
(1) Atomizing: smelting and atomizing 21.400kg of silver ingots, 2.362kg of tin ingots and 0.120kg of copper ingots to obtain 23.882kg of AgSn alloy powder with the average particle size of 15 mu m;
(2) Powder oxidation: oxidizing the AgSn alloy powder to obtain 24.550kg of AgSnO 2 Pulverizing; average particle size 15 μm;
(3) Mixing powder: preparing 0.224kg bismuth powder, 0.084kg antimony powder, 0.080kg zinc powder with average particle size of 2 μm, mixing the three additive powders with AgSnO 2 Mixing the powders uniformly to obtain 24.938kg mixed powder;
(4) And (3) ingot pressing: the mixed powder is pressed into a billet by cold isostatic pressing;
(5) And (3) sintering: sintering the billet at 800 ℃ for 3h under the protection of argon atmosphere;
(6) And (3) oxidation: oxidizing the sintered ingot in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain a billet of 25.000 kg;
(7) The oxidized spindle is subjected to subsequent extrusion-rolling-punching to manufacture a sheet contact, and the AgSnO 2 SnO in contact material working layer 2 12% of CuO, 0.6% of Bi 2 O 3 1.0% of Sb 2 O 3 0.4 percent of ZnO, and the balance of silver.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the silver tin oxide electrical contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Atomizing: smelting and atomizing Ag ingots, sn ingots and other metal additives according to the proportion to prepare AgSn alloy powder;
(2) Powder oxidation: oxidizing AgSn alloy powder to obtain AgSnO 2 Pulverizing;
(3) Mixing powder: preparing a low-melting-point metal additive, and mixing the powder of the low-melting-point metal additive with AgSnO 2 Uniformly mixing the powder to obtain mixed powder;
(4) And (3) ingot pressing: performing cold isostatic pressing on the mixed powder in the step (3) to obtain a billet;
(5) And (3) sintering: placing the billet in a protective atmosphere and sintering at a temperature higher than the melting point of the metal additive to form a layer of wettable AgSnO in the gap in the billet 2 The liquid-phase sintered layer of (2);
(6) And (3) oxidation: and (6) oxidizing the spindle obtained after sintering in the step (5) in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to obtain the silver tin oxide electrical contact material.
2. The method for preparing a silver tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) extruding, rolling and punching the silver tin oxide electrical contact material in the step (6) to prepare a sheet contact or extruding and drawing to prepare a wire material.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the low-melting-point metal additive comprises one or more of Bi, in, zn and Sb and alloy of the metals.
4. The method for preparing a silver tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass of the low-melting-point metal additive and AgSnO 2 The mass ratio of the powder is 0.5-3%.
5. The method for preparing a silver tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: the average particle size of the low-melting-point metal additive powder and AgSnO 2 The ratio of the average particle sizes of the powders is less than 1.
6. The method for preparing a silver tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein: the average particle size of the low-melting-point metal additive powder and AgSnO 2 The ratio of the average particle sizes of the powders is less than 1.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step (5), the sintering temperature is higher than the melting point of all low-melting metal additives, is 500-900 ℃, and the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or argon.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5446110A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-04-11 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Material for electrical contact point material and its preparation |
| JPS55138046A (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1980-10-28 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Electric contact material |
| US4680162A (en) * | 1984-12-11 | 1987-07-14 | Chugai Denki Kogyo K.K. | Method for preparing Ag-SnO system alloy electrical contact material |
| CN1053817A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1991-08-14 | 住经营企画株式会社 | silver-metal oxide composite material and production method thereof |
| JPH04128331A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1992-04-28 | Sumikou Keiei Kikaku Kk | Silver-tin oxide composite material and its production |
| CN102312119A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method for silver tin oxide electrical contact material |
| CN103639232A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-19 | 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing AgSnO2 wire |
-
2022
- 2022-11-08 CN CN202211393130.7A patent/CN115725871A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5446110A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-04-11 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Material for electrical contact point material and its preparation |
| JPS55138046A (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1980-10-28 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Electric contact material |
| US4680162A (en) * | 1984-12-11 | 1987-07-14 | Chugai Denki Kogyo K.K. | Method for preparing Ag-SnO system alloy electrical contact material |
| CN1053817A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1991-08-14 | 住经营企画株式会社 | silver-metal oxide composite material and production method thereof |
| JPH04128331A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1992-04-28 | Sumikou Keiei Kikaku Kk | Silver-tin oxide composite material and its production |
| CN102312119A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method for silver tin oxide electrical contact material |
| CN103639232A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-19 | 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing AgSnO2 wire |
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