CN115715519A - Method for enabling astragalus to blossom and seed at same time and application of method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for enabling astragalus to blossom and seed at the same time and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of astragalus planting. The invention relatively unifies the seedling emergence time through seedling classification, then inhibits the growth of partial large seedlings which emerge first through the herbicide after seedling emergence, relatively unifies the growth speed of astragalus membranaceus through reasonable water and fertilizer management, and finally unifies the flowering time through cutting off tops. The invention unifies the flowering time of the astragalus, further unifies the maturity of astragalus seeds and improves the germination rate of the astragalus seeds.

Description

Method for enabling astragalus to blossom and seed at same time and application of method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of astragalus planting, and particularly relates to a method for enabling astragalus to blossom and seed at the same time and application thereof.

Background

The seed harvesting is one of the most important links of crop production, the quality of the seeds is the basis of plant growth, and the astragalus membranaceus with good quality and high yield can be planted by the seeds. The seed coat of the astragalus membranaceus is hard and seriously influences the germination rate of the seeds, the hard seed rate is mainly influenced by the harvesting period, the harvesting period is determined by the fruiting maturation period, and the maturation period is mainly influenced by the flowering phase.

The astragalus membranaceus is in the bud emergence and flowering period from the middle ten days of 6 months to the end of 7 months, about 46 days, buds appear and flowers are taken as main materials, the duration is long, seedling emergence is not uniform during transplanting, disease-free larger seedlings first emerge and flower, finer or injured seedlings emerge and flower later, the large seedlings can compete for nutrients and living space of the small seedlings, the difference between the nutrients and the living space is increased, the flowering time of each astragalus membranaceus in a field is different, the maturing time of the seeds is greatly different, part of the seeds are hard to be grown after being completely matured during harvesting, part of the seed embryos are not mature, and the overall germination rate of the harvested seeds is seriously influenced.

At present, astragalus membranaceus farmers generally divide the astragalus membranaceus into 2 types, farmers with small planting areas harvest astragalus membranaceus pods manually when the astragalus membranaceus pods are dry, time and labor are wasted, farms with large planting areas harvest seeds mechanically when the seeds are fully mature, and the hard seed rate is high. The two methods are not managed except for top dressing and watering when the astragalus roots bloom.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relatively unifies the seedling emergence time through seedling classification, inhibits the growth of partial large seedlings which emerge first through the herbicide after seedlings, relatively unifies the growth speed of astragalus membranaceus through reasonable water and fertilizer management, and finally unifies the flowering time through cutting off tops.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for making astragalus root blossom and seed setting simultaneously, said method mainly includes that astragalus root is sprayed with weedicide bentazone half after seedling, and the cut plant height is higher than the top tip of astragalus root above 30% of average value in said planting area before blooming in late 6 months.

Preferably, the dosage of the half-spraying herbicide bentazone is 48% of 100 ml/mu of bentazone.

More preferably, the method comprises the steps of:

(1) Classifying seedlings;

(2) When half of seedlings of astragalus membranaceus in each farmland emerge, the herbicide bentazone after astragalus membranaceus seedlings is sprayed by half;

(3) The top of the astragalus which is higher than the average value of the planting area by more than 30 percent is cut off before blooming in the middle ten days of 6 months.

More preferably, the seedling in step (1) is classified as: the seedlings are divided into three types according to different thicknesses, namely 0.3-0.4 cm, 0.4-0.5 cm and 0.5-0.6 cm, each seedling is planted respectively, and each seedling is planted in a farmland.

More preferably, the following steps are further included between the step (2) and the step (3): and adjusting the starting direction of the farming operation according to the size of the plot and the seed harvesting rate, and ensuring that the growth periods of the astragalus membranaceus in the same plot are relatively consistent.

The invention also provides application of the method in astragalus planting.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention unifies the flowering time of the astragalus, further unifies the maturity of astragalus seeds and improves the germination rate of the astragalus seeds.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The embodiment provides a method for enabling astragalus to blossom and seed simultaneously, which comprises the following specific steps:

1. classification of seedlings

Dividing the seedlings into three types according to different thicknesses, wherein the thicknesses are 0.3-0.4 cm, 0.4-0.5 cm and 0.5-0.6 cm, planting each seedling respectively, and planting each seedling in a farmland.

2. Even the seedlings with the same specification can influence the seedling emergence time and the growth speed due to different conditions such as bud head states, wound influence and the like, and seedlings with healthy and non-wounded bud heads can quickly emerge and grow.

When the seedlings of astragalus membranaceus seedlings emerge for half, the herbicide bentazone is sprayed half after the astragalus membranaceus seedlings emerge, the specific dosage is 100ml of 48% of bentazone per mu, part of grass also emerges at this time, the bentazone plays a role of the herbicide, more importantly, the bentazone is used half at the seedling stage of the astragalus membranaceus, obvious phytotoxicity cannot be caused, and the growth speed of the astragalus membranaceus in a later period can be inhibited.

3. In the production management process of large-area astragalus membranaceus, planting, watering, fertilizing, weeding and pesticide spraying are sequentially carried out from one side to the other side of a field, so that the astragalus membranaceus can emerge, flower and seed can also sequentially occur from one side to the other side of the field, the starting direction of farming operation needs to be adjusted according to the size of a plot and the harvesting rate of seeds, and the relative consistency of the growth periods of the astragalus membranaceus in the same plot is ensured.

4. Before blooming in 6 middle months, selecting part of radix astragali according to the standard that the plant height is more than 30% of the average value in the planting area, cutting off the top of the part of radix astragali higher than the average value, so as to inhibit the delayed blooming time, make it bloom with other smaller radix astragali in the same period, and increase the seed pod maturing rate.

The following table 1 is a growth period time table when seeds of astragalus membranaceus of different specifications are grown in the third year in a common planting mode, and the time when half of astragalus membranaceus reaches the growth period is taken as a recording time point.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from Table 1 above, the thicker the seedling, the earlier the growth period.

The following table 2 is a growth period timetable of the treatment of herbicide bentazone (100 ml per mu of 48% bentazone) after astragalus seedlings are sprayed every year when the seedlings with the length of 0.5-0.6 cm are seeded in the third year, and the time point when half of astragalus roots reach the growth period is taken as a recording time point.

TABLE 2

	Emergence of seedlings	Flower blooming	Seed setting	Maturation of seeds
					Common planting	4.17	6.2	7.6	7.29
Spraying bentazone	4.17	6.8	7.12	8.2
					Spraying halved bentazone	4.17	6.6	7.10	7.30

The astragalus needs 5-7 days from 50% of emergence to 90% of emergence in the seed setting stage in the third year. The spraying of the semibentazone can delay the growth of the astragalus and can gradually recover in the later period of the astragalus. When the seedlings emerge, the growth of the astragalus membranaceus can be delayed by spraying the full amount of bentazone, but the drug harm of part of the astragalus membranaceus is serious, the plants are short and small, and even the seedlings emerge again after the leaves die.

Example 2

In this embodiment, a control group and an experimental group are simultaneously set, the control group is prepared by planting astragalus membranaceus by using a common method, the experimental group is prepared by planting astragalus membranaceus by using the method in embodiment 1, and the final statistical results are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3

Mechanical treatment of seeds	Rate of emergence in field	Seedling emergence potential of field
			Planting by common method	84％	72％
The method of the invention plants	93％	87％

The field emergence rate in table 3 refers to the total number of seedlings after planting (based on the maximum value within 45 days, since sometimes seedlings die, usually 5,9, 12, 15, 20, 25, 35 and 45 days are counted and then the maximum value is taken), and astragalus membranaceus usually has seedlings within 45 days. The seedling emergence potential of the field refers to the astragalus seedlings which emerge within 12 days after planting seedlings, and 7-12 days are the most days after the astragalus seedlings emerge. The planting density is higher in large-area planting, the strong seedlings can rob resources after emergence in the common method, emergence and growth of weak seedlings with injured seedlings are inhibited, part of astragalus seedlings which emerge very late are affected by astragalus which emerges first, and the size of the seedlings which emerge in spring is basically the same as that of the seedlings which emerge in autumn.

The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for enabling astragalus to blossom and seed at the same time is characterized by mainly comprising the steps of spraying herbicide bentazone on the astragalus half after seedling emergence, and cutting off top tips of the astragalus with the height higher than the average value of more than 30% in the planting area before 6 middle-ten days of flowering.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced half-spray application of the herbicide bentazone is at a rate of 48% bentazone 100 ml/acre.

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) Classifying seedlings;

(2) When half of seedlings of astragalus membranaceus seedlings emerge in each farmland, half of herbicide bentazone is sprayed after astragalus membranaceus seedlings emerge;

(3) And cutting off the top tips of the astragalus roots with the height higher than the average value of more than 30 percent of the astragalus roots in the planting area before blooming in middle ten days of 6 months.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the seedlings in step (1) are classified as: the seedlings are divided into three types according to different thicknesses, wherein the thicknesses of the seedlings are 0.3-0.4 cm, 0.4-0.5 cm and 0.5-0.6 cm, each seedling is planted respectively, and each seedling is planted in a farmland.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising the steps between step (2) and step (3) of: and adjusting the starting direction of the farming operation according to the size of the plot and the seed harvesting rate, and ensuring that the growth periods of the astragalus membranaceus in the same plot are relatively consistent.

6. Use of the method of any one of claims 1-5 for astragalus membranaceus planting.