CN115704056A - Induction heating device and method suitable for multi-specification steel plates - Google Patents
Induction heating device and method suitable for multi-specification steel plates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an induction heating device and method suitable for multi-specification steel plates, comprising a heating unit; the heating unit comprises an induction heating coil, an induction heating variable frequency power supply, a temperature closed-loop control system and a cooling water system, wherein the induction heating coil provides a power supply, the temperature closed-loop control system controls the work of the induction heating coil, and the induction heating coil provides a cooling water system. The invention can be suitable for heating steel plates with various specifications and meets the requirements of products and processes on the uniformity of heating temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic induction heating technology in the field of hot rolling, in particular to an induction heating device and method suitable for multi-specification steel plates.
Background
In order to improve the mechanical property of the steel product, the performance of the steel product can be improved by a heat treatment mode on the basis of not changing the components of the substrate. On the other hand, in the hot rolling production process of the steel plate, the whole temperature is reduced due to heat dissipation of the steel plate in the conveying process, and the excessively low rolling temperature not only reduces the rolling quality, but also brings adverse effects on the service life of the roller. For this reason, it is generally necessary to raise the temperature of the steel sheet by performing bulk reheating of the steel sheet before finish rolling. The electromagnetic induction heating technology is generally adopted in industrial production for heating, and the heating can be divided into transverse magnetic field induction heating and longitudinal magnetic field induction heating according to the mutual relation between the magnetic field direction and the surface of the steel plate, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field induction heating magnetic field direction is parallel to the surface of the steel plate, and the longitudinal magnetic field induction heating has the advantages of simple structure, relatively good heating temperature uniformity and the like; however, in general, the specifications of the steel plate which can be heated by the longitudinal magnetic field induction heating are limited, and the specification quality changes more in actual production, so that the adaptability is poor in fact, and all the heating process requirements are difficult to meet. And the coil gap of the transverse magnetic field induction heating can be flexibly adjusted, so that the heating is not influenced by the thickness change of the steel plate, and the problems of the longitudinal magnetic field induction heating can be effectively avoided. However, the transverse magnetic field induction heating also has the defects that the heating temperature uniformity is poor, and the surface temperature difference of the steel plate heated by the transverse magnetic field induction heating technology can reach dozens of degrees centigrade to hundreds of degrees centigrade, which depends on specific working conditions. Compared with longitudinal magnetic field induction heating, the transverse magnetic field induction heating hardly meets the requirement of temperature uniformity within +/-10 ℃. Around the problem of temperature uniformity of transverse magnetic field induction heating, related technicians at home and abroad carry out extensive and deep research and become one of the research hotspots in the technical field of induction heating.
In the existing patent application, for example, chinese patent CN100488325C proposes a device and method for flexibly controlling a transverse magnetic coil with two layers of staggered coils, and an iron core. The long edge of the lower coil is perpendicular to the moving direction of the steel plate, and the long edge of the upper coil is parallel to the moving direction of the steel plate. This assumption does not contribute substantially to the improvement of the temperature uniformity of the entire steel sheet because, when using the transverse magnetic induction heating technique, the temperature exhibits a non-linear distribution at the edges of the steel sheet due to the presence of the end effect, and particularly when the coil length is greater than the width of the steel sheet, the temperature at the edges of the steel sheet is much higher than the temperature at the middle. Although the method can effectively reduce the temperature of the edge of the steel plate by changing the eddy current distribution theoretically, the superposition of the coils generates a plurality of local small eddy currents, so that the induction heating efficiency is low, and meanwhile, the existence of the local small eddy currents can also cause a latticed heating effect, so that the method has no great industrial application value in practice.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,5403994A proposes heating by a pair of J-coils paired and combined with each other, and the heating range of the J-coils can be controlled by sliding adjustment according to different specifications of a heated steel plate. The method has two major problems that the coil is heated for a long time, particularly under the condition of high power, poor contact or ignition is inevitably caused by sliding contact, so that the service life and the production of the coil are influenced; on the other hand, the design cannot solve the problems of overhigh temperature of the edge part of the steel plate and uneven overall temperature.
For another example, US20170002438A1 proposes a method for installing a shielding plate between an induction coil and a heated steel plate to control the temperature at the edge of the steel plate to be too high, which can improve the temperature uniformity to a certain extent, but the adjustment of the shielding plate cannot meet the index requirement of the process on the temperature uniformity of the plate surface.
The structure and method of the above-mentioned patent cannot effectively solve the problem of temperature uniformity of steel plate induction heating, on the other hand, when a solenoid-type ordinary longitudinal magnetic induction heating coil is used to heat a steel plate under ordinary conditions, the steel plate will have a temperature distribution characteristic with high ends and low ends in the width direction, and this temperature distribution characteristic is completely applicable to ordinary heating working conditions (such as billet temperature compensation, etc.), but is difficult to meet the technological index requirements of some heating processes with higher requirements (such as steel plate heat treatment, etc.).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the induction heating device and the induction heating method suitable for the steel plates with multiple specifications, which can be suitable for heating the steel plates with multiple specifications and meet the requirements of products and processes on heating temperature uniformity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the induction heating device suitable for the multi-specification steel plates comprises a heating unit;
the heating unit comprises an induction heating coil, an induction heating variable frequency power supply for supplying power to the induction heating coil, a temperature closed-loop control system for controlling the work of the induction heating coil and a cooling water system for supplying cooling to the induction heating coil.
Preferably, the number of the heating units is greater than or equal to 2 groups.
Preferably, the induction heating coil comprises a copper product which is wound around a steel plate along the width direction of the steel plate to form a single turn or a plurality of turns;
the inner side of the copper product is provided with a refractory material;
the copper product and the refractory material are wound to form a cavity which is sleeved outside the steel plate.
Preferably, the height h in the cavity is more than 100mm and less than h and less than 300mm, and the width D is more than 500mm and less than D and less than 3000mm.
Preferably, the copper product is a copper plate or a copper pipe; and/or
A plurality of sections of magnetizers horizontally arranged along the width direction of the steel plate are arranged on the outer side of the copper product; and/or
The adjustment distance range between the magnetizers is 0-200 mm; and/or
The magnetizer is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets; and/or
The ratio of the arrangement width of the magnetizer to the total width of the copper product is more than 50%.
Preferably, the temperature closed-loop control system comprises a PLC controller and a plurality of sets of infrared temperature detectors connected with the PLC controller through signal connecting wires;
the PLC is also connected with the induction heating variable frequency power supply through a signal connecting wire;
at least one set of infrared temperature detector is arranged at the outlet position of the last group of heating units.
On the other hand, the induction heating method is suitable for multi-specification steel plates:
arranging the induction heating device suitable for the multi-specification steel plates on the steel plates for heating;
in the heating process, the steel plate passes through the cavity at a constant speed along the length direction, each group of induction heating variable frequency power supplies is put into heating power which is initially set, the target temperature T of the plate surface of the steel plate after the heating of the steel plate is finished meets the condition that T is more than 25 ℃ and less than 650 ℃, and the target temperature is controlled by controlling the heating power of each group of induction heating variable frequency power supplies;
when the deviation delta T1 between the actual detection temperature and the target temperature T on the steel plate is more than 10 ℃, the distance between the magnetizers needs to be adjusted so as to meet the requirement that the temperature difference in the full width direction of the surface of the steel plate is less than +/-10 ℃.
Preferably, the frequency f of the induction heating variable frequency power supply meets the conditions that f is more than 2000Hz and less than 6000Hz; and/or
The thickness of the steel plate is 2-8 mm, the width is 500-2000 mm, and the length is more than 2000mm; and/or
The moving speed V is 3-30 m/min.
Preferably, the frequency f of the induction heating variable frequency power supply meets the requirement that f is more than 3000Hz and less than 5000Hz.
Preferably, the upper and lower adjustment distances of the magnetizer are as follows:
0 ≦ Δ L ≦ 500 Δ T1/T, preferably 400 Δ T1/T, in mm.
According to the induction heating device and method suitable for the multi-specification steel plates, the temperature is unevenly distributed on the whole section of the steel plate due to the existence of the end effect in the traditional transverse magnetic induction heating process of the steel plate. Particularly, a non-linear temperature distribution occurs at the edge portion of the steel plate, that is, when the heating coil covers and exceeds the width of the steel plate, the temperature of the edge portion of the steel plate is much higher than that of the middle portion, and the portion (hereinafter, referred to as a minor end portion) spaced apart from the edge portion of the steel plate is lower than that of the middle portion; when the heating coil part covers the width range of the steel plate and is separated from the steel plate by a certain distance, the temperature of the edge part of the steel plate is lower than that of the middle part. Therefore, the requirement of the technology on the temperature uniformity cannot be met by simply adopting the annular coil to carry out transverse magnetic induction heating. On one hand, the invention not only can effectively solve the problem of non-uniformity of temperature distribution, but also can be flexibly adjusted according to the specification change of the steel plate, so that the invention is suitable for the heating requirements under various working conditions, and can achieve higher heating efficiency while ensuring the temperature uniformity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of an induction heating coil of the present invention adapted to an induction heating apparatus for a multi-gauge steel sheet;
fig. 2 is a schematic layout view of an induction heating coil of the present invention adapted to an induction heating apparatus for multi-gauge steel sheets;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of an induction heating coil of the present invention adapted for use in a multi-gauge steel plate induction heating apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the adjustment of the magnetizer for the embodiment of the induction heating apparatus for multi-gauge steel plates according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic layout view of an embodiment of the present invention applied to an induction heating apparatus for a multi-gauge steel sheet.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the induction heating apparatus for multi-gauge steel plate according to the present invention includes at least 2 sets of heating units.
Each group of heating units comprises an induction heating coil 1, an induction heating variable frequency power supply for providing power for the induction heating coil 1, a temperature closed-loop control system for controlling the work of the induction heating coil 1 and a cooling water system for providing cooling for the induction heating coil 1. In addition, the movable trolley and other necessary corollary equipment can be selectively matched.
The induction heating coil 1 comprises a copper product 3 wound in a single or multiple turns along the width of the steel sheet 2 and around the steel sheet 2 so as to form an alternating magnetic field having a general direction parallel to the direction of movement 4 of the steel sheet.
A high temperature resistant material 5 is attached to the inside of the copper product 3.
A cavity sleeved outside the steel plate 2 is formed by winding a copper product 3 and a refractory material 5.
The height h in the cavity is more than 100mm and less than 300mm, and the width D in the cavity is more than 500mm and less than 3000mm.
The copper product 3 is a copper plate or a copper pipe.
In order to improve the heating efficiency and the heating temperature uniformity, a plurality of sections of magnetizers 6 horizontally arranged along the width direction of the steel plate 2 are arranged on the outer side of the copper product 3, and the magnetizers 6 can be made of silicon steel sheets in a laminated mode or made of other magnetic materials.
The ratio of the arrangement width of the magnetizer 6 to the total width of the copper product 3 is more than 50 percent.
Each section of magnetizer 6 is independently adjustable along the direction vertical to the steel plate 2, the adjustment distance range is 0-200 mm, and the distance between each section of magnetizer 6 is not more than 200mm.
The temperature closed-loop control system comprises a PLC controller and a plurality of sets of infrared temperature detectors connected with the PLC controller through signal connecting wires; the PLC is also connected with an induction heating variable frequency power supply through a signal connecting wire; at least one set of infrared temperature detector is arranged at the outlet position of the last group of heating units. And in the heating process, the heating power of the last unit is adjusted according to the difference between the temperature data detected by the infrared temperature detector and the target temperature.
The invention also provides an induction heating method suitable for the multi-specification steel plates, which comprises the following steps:
the invention is suitable for the induction heating device of the multi-specification steel plate to heat the steel plate 2;
in the heating process, the steel plate 2 passes through the cavity at a constant speed along the length direction, each group of induction heating variable frequency power supplies is put into the initially set heating power, the target temperature T of the plate surface of the steel plate 2 after the heating is finished meets the condition that T is more than 25 ℃ and less than 650 ℃, and the target temperature is controlled by controlling the heating power of each group of induction heating variable frequency power supplies. The heating power of each group of induction heating variable frequency power supplies which is initially set can be the same, and can also be flexibly set according to a heating temperature rise curve.
When the deviation delta T1 between the actual detection temperature and the target temperature T on the steel plate 2 is more than 10 ℃, the distance between the magnetizers 6 needs to be adjusted to meet the requirement that the temperature difference in the full width direction of the surface of the steel plate 2 is less than +/-10 ℃.
The frequency f of the induction heating variable frequency power supply meets the requirement that f is less than 2000Hz and less than 6000Hz, and the preferable frequency f meets the requirement that f is less than 3000Hz and less than 5000Hz.
The thickness of the steel plate 2 is 2-8 mm, the width is 500-2000 mm, and the length is more than 2000mm. The moving speed V of the steel plate 2 along the length direction thereof in the heating process is 3-30 m/min.
The up-down adjustment distance of the magnetizer 6 is as follows: 0 ≦ Δ L ≦ 500 Δ T1/T, preferably 400 Δ T1/T, in mm.
Examples
The thickness of the heated steel plate 2 was 3mm and the width was 1400mm, and the steel plate 2 was continuously moved and heated at a moving speed V of 4m/min and a heating target temperature T of 550 ℃. 4 groups of induction heating coils 1 are adopted for heating, the same power P input by the 4 groups of induction heating coils 1 is 200kw, and the heating frequency f is selected to be 4500Hz.
The width D in the cavity was designed to be 2100mm and the height h 160mm.
As shown in fig. 4, five sets of magnetizers 6 (such as the numbers a, b, c, d, and e in fig. 4) are disposed along the width direction of the copper product 3, the widths of the five sets of magnetizers 6 are 215mm, 840mm, 215mm, and 215mm, respectively, and the horizontal distance between the magnetizers 6 is 75mm. When heating is started, five groups of magnetizers 6 are set to be consistent in level height, namely five groups of magnetizers 6 are set to be at the same initial position, and the initial position is set to be 0.
As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of temperature measuring hole positions 7 are provided on the outlet side of each of the 3 rd group induction heating coil 1 and the 4 th group induction heating coil 1, and the surface temperature of the steel sheet 2 can be detected according to the heating process requirement, and whether the heating target temperature T is reached and the temperature distribution uniformity in the heating width direction of the steel sheet 2 can be determined.
During heating, the steel plate 2 passes through the cavities of the groups of induction heating coils 1 at a constant speed, and at the moment, preset heating power of 200kw is respectively input into the groups of induction heating coils 1. Referring to fig. 5 again, the temperature in the width direction and the temperature uniformity in the width direction of the steel sheet 2 after the heating are achieved as follows:
1) When the deviation between the detected temperature and the target value at the middle temperature measuring hole position of the temperature measuring hole position 7 on the outlet side of the 3 rd group induction heating coil 1 is delta T2, correspondingly adjusting the power of the 4 th group induction heating coil 1 by the following adjustment amount:
Δ P = -P Δ T2/(550 × 0.25), unit kw
If delta T2 > (550X 0.25) occurs in the implementation process, the heating is stopped, the equipment system and the heating condition conditions are checked, and the heating power P is recalculated or corrected.
2) When the deviation between the detected temperature and the target value at the upper and lower temperature measuring hole positions of the temperature measuring hole position 7 at the outlet side of the 4 th group of induction heating coils 1 is delta T1, correspondingly adjusting the magnetizers in the corresponding coils at the temperature measuring hole positions of the 4 th group of coils, and adjusting the distance:
Δ L =400 Δ T1/550, unit mm
In the implementation process of this embodiment, the distance adjustment of the magnetizer 6 is completed in the heating debugging stage, and after the steel plates 2 with different specifications are debugged, the corresponding position of the magnetizer 6 is fixed. In a continuous production process, the magnetizer 6 is not adjusted on line in general. Under special conditions, the relative distance position of the magnetizer 6 can be flexibly adjusted on line according to the quality requirement of the final product and the specific condition of the actual heating temperature distribution.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the reliability of the detection data, a thermocouple and infrared combination mode is adopted to perform temperature detection and temperature uniformity comparison. The heating experiment is carried out according to the method, and the result shows that the temperature is higher by 30mm close to the edge part and is about 30 ℃ higher than the central position, and the temperature is gradually reduced from 30mm at the edge part to the middle part. In order to improve the uniformity of the heating temperature on the surface of the steel plate, the magnetizer is adjusted according to the temperature distribution characteristics in the heating process, and the specific adjustment parameters of the magnetizer 6 are shown in the following table 1 (compare with fig. 4):
in order to judge the overall temperature distribution condition of the surface of the steel plate 2 after the heating of the steel plate 2 is finished, before the heating, a temperature thermocouple is welded on the surface of the steel plate 2 in advance, and the positions of temperature measuring points are as follows:
1: 10mm away from the edge of the steel plate; 2: the distance between the steel plate and the edge is 20mm;3: the distance between the steel plate and the edge of the steel plate is 30mm;4: 1/4 width position of the steel plate; 5: a steel plate center point; 6: the distance between the edge part of the other side of the steel plate and the edge part of the other side of the steel plate is 50mm;7: the distance between the edge part of the other side of the steel plate and the edge part of the other side of the steel plate is 15mm;
after the heating, the temperature measurement results at each point are shown in table 2 below:
| No | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| ℃ | 550 | 554 | 551 | 543 | 540 | 549 | 551 |
simultaneously, adopt three groups of infrared temperature detection that carry out in the coil exit position in the experimentation to judge the ascending temperature uniformity of width direction, three temperature detection value of group are 556 ℃ (apart from steel sheet limit portion 100 mm), 545 ℃ (central point), 555 ℃ (apart from steel sheet opposite side limit portion 100 mm) respectively.
As can be seen from the results of the infrared detection and the detection in Table 2, after the steel plate is heated by the device and the method, the temperature of the surface of the steel plate in the width direction is controlled within +/-10 ℃ of the target temperature of 550 ℃ after the heating is finished, and the requirements of the heating process are completely met.
In conclusion, the invention effectively solves the difficult problems in the prior art by designing reasonable longitudinal magnetic heating parameters and a coil magnetic circuit structure. After the technology of the invention is implemented, the temperature difference of the surface of the steel plate in the full width direction is less than +/-10 ℃, and the heat treatment technical requirements of related products are completely met.
With the continuous improvement of the quality requirements of users on steel products, particularly the gradual increase of environmental protection pressure, the short-flow technology of the steel products is increasingly emphasized, and the transverse magnetic induction heating technology becomes an indispensable special metallurgical technology in the production process of the steel products. The transverse magnetic induction heating device and the transverse magnetic induction heating technology for the steel plate are simple in internal structure, flexible in function, low in practical processing, manufacturing and implementation difficulty, convenient to install and replace and wide in application prospect, and both the heating temperature uniformity and the heating efficiency are considered.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a be applicable to many specifications steel sheet induction heating device which characterized in that: comprises a heating unit;
the heating unit comprises an induction heating coil, an induction heating variable frequency power supply, a temperature closed-loop control system and a cooling water system, wherein the induction heating variable frequency power supply is used for providing power for the induction heating coil, the temperature closed-loop control system is used for controlling the work of the induction heating coil, and the cooling water system is used for providing cooling for the induction heating coil.
2. The induction heating apparatus for multi-gauge steel sheets as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the heating units is more than or equal to 2 groups.
3. The induction heating apparatus for multi-gauge steel sheets according to claim 1, wherein:
the induction heating coil comprises a copper product which is wound around the steel plate along the width direction of the steel plate to form a single turn or a plurality of turns;
the inner side of the copper product is provided with a refractory material;
the copper product and the refractory material are wound to form a cavity which is sleeved outside the steel plate.
4. The induction heating apparatus for a multi-gauge steel sheet according to claim 3, wherein: the height h in the cavity is more than 100mm and less than 300mm, and the width D is more than 500mm and less than 3000mm.
5. The induction heating apparatus for multi-gauge steel plates according to claim 3, wherein:
the copper product is a copper plate or a copper pipe; and/or
A plurality of sections of magnetizers horizontally arranged along the width direction of the steel plate are arranged on the outer side of the copper product; and/or
The adjustment distance range between the magnetizers is 0-200 mm; and/or
The magnetizer is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets; and/or
The ratio of the arrangement width of the magnetizer to the total width of the copper product is more than 50%.
6. The induction heating apparatus for multi-gauge steel plates according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature closed-loop control system comprises a PLC controller and a plurality of sets of infrared temperature detectors connected with the PLC controller through signal connecting wires;
the PLC is also connected with the induction heating variable frequency power supply through a signal connecting wire;
at least one set of infrared temperature detector is arranged at the outlet position of the last group of heating units.
7. An induction heating method suitable for multi-specification steel plates is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging the induction heating device suitable for the multi-specification steel plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6 on the steel plate for heating;
in the heating process, the steel plate passes through the cavity at a constant speed along the length direction, each group of induction heating variable frequency power supplies is put into initially set heating power, the target temperature T of the plate surface of the steel plate after the heating of the steel plate is finished meets the condition that T is more than 25 ℃ and less than 650 ℃, and the target temperature is controlled by controlling the heating power of each group of induction heating variable frequency power supplies;
when the deviation delta T1 between the actual detection temperature and the target temperature T on the steel plate is more than 10 ℃, the distance between the magnetizers needs to be adjusted so as to meet the requirement that the temperature difference in the full width direction of the surface of the steel plate is less than +/-10 ℃.
8. The induction heating method for a multi-gauge steel sheet according to claim 7, wherein:
the frequency f of the induction heating variable frequency power supply meets the condition that f is more than 2000Hz and less than 6000Hz; and/or
The thickness of the steel plate is 2-8 mm, the width is 500-2000 mm, and the length is more than 2000mm; and/or
The moving speed V is 3-30 m/min.
9. The induction heating method for a multi-gauge steel sheet according to claim 8, wherein: the frequency f of the induction heating variable frequency power supply meets the condition that f is more than 3000Hz and less than 5000Hz.
10. The induction heating method suitable for the multi-specification steel plates as claimed in claim 7, wherein the up-down adjustment distance of the magnetizer is as follows:
Δ L is 0-500 × Δ T1/T, unit mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116352242A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-30 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Partial vacuum electron beam welding seam induction heating device and heating method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116352242A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-30 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Partial vacuum electron beam welding seam induction heating device and heating method |
| CN116352242B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-07-28 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Partial vacuum electron beam welding seam induction heating device and heating method |
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