CN115701005A - Platform area identification method based on Z-plane zero-pole design - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a platform area identification method based on Z plane zero-pole design, which comprises the following steps: step 1, transmitting a characteristic current containing a specific code to a power grid by a device to be identified, namely transmitting equipment, in the power grid; step 2, reducing the current and sampling the current signal by receiving equipment in the power grid to obtain a sampling result; step 3, extracting and demodulating the characteristic current of the sampling result to obtain demodulation information; step 4, comparing the demodulation information with the expected data to complete the station area identification and establish the station area relationship; the invention reduces the calculation complexity and the recognition success rate of the characteristic current extraction. Not only can the performance be improved, but also the equipment cost can be reduced; the operation formula is simplified, and the hardware cost and the complexity of the system scheme are reduced; the interference of large signals of power frequency 50Hz and harmonic waves thereof is greatly eliminated, and the performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a transformer area identification method, in particular to a transformer area identification method based on Z-plane zero-pole design.
Background
The transformer is used for transmitting power to a power supply area on the side of a user electric meter, a large number of electric devices are connected in the transformer, the devices are arranged in various places in the transformer, wiring of the devices is complex, and the upstream and downstream relation is unclear. The topological relation of the line connection network of the equipment provides a crucial basis for the management and service of the electric power operation and management department, and provides a quick positioning function for the troubleshooting of the position of a line fault point, line loss and other problems.
Therefore, a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to provide a signal modulation and demodulation method for identifying topological relations of low voltage transformer areas to clarify the upstream and downstream relations of electrical devices in the transformer areas.
The characteristic current signal with specific frequency is emitted from the household meter and is superposed in the original power frequency current signal of the household meter for transmission,
the receiving module is arranged at the position of a circuit breaker of the meter box and used for receiving the power frequency current signals transmitted to the meter box by the meter and extracting the characteristic current signals in the power frequency current signals;
a large number of electrical devices in the distribution room may generate various interferences on the power line, which may affect the success rate of the characteristic current identification.
Due to the characteristic current extraction, digital signal processing is required, and the calculation amount is large. However, the terminal equipment is low in price and has high requirements for cost control, so that the complexity of calculation is reduced as much as possible on the basis of ensuring the success rate of identification.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a platform area identification method based on Z plane zero-pole design.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a station area identification method based on Z plane zero-pole design, which comprises the following steps:
step 3, extracting and demodulating the characteristic current of the sampling result to obtain demodulation information;
the method for extracting and demodulating the characteristic current in the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, designing a filter according to Z plane characteristics, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step 3-1-1, setting poles and zeros according to the frequency points of the characteristic current; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting poles:
in a Z plane, two frequency points corresponding to the characteristic current are respectively provided with a pole;
setting a zero point:
every other on the Z plane
Setting n zero points; wherein n satisfies the points on the Z plane unit circle corresponding to the power frequency 50Hz and the 50Hz harmonic, and falls into the n zeros.
Step 3-1-2, calculating to obtain a transfer function of the Z plane, specifically comprising:
according to the zero point set in the step 3-1-1, the corresponding polynomial is as follows:
according to the poles set in the step 3-1-1, the corresponding polynomial is:
1-e 2*π*f/fs Z -1
the transfer function of the Z plane is then:
wherein n is the maximum order of the zero point; f is a preset frequency which is a frequency point corresponding to the characteristic current, and fs is a sampling rate of current data acquisition.
Fs =6400hz, n =3456 is set.
Set f =783.333Hz or 883.333Hz.
Step 3-2, extracting the characteristic current by using the filter, and demodulating, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
and according to the inverse Z transformation principle of the Z plane transfer function H (Z), calculating to obtain data H (m) processed at m moments:
h(m)＝x(m)-x(m-t)+e 2*π*f/fs *h(m-1)
wherein x (m) represents the sampled data at time m; x (m-t) represents the sampled data at time m-t.
The demodulation method comprises the following steps: and obtaining demodulated demodulation information according to h (m), wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
integrating the absolute value of the processed data h (m) within 0.6s, and judging according to the integral to obtain a binary value of 0 or 1; finally, it is determined whether the characteristic current is received by determining whether the specific code is received.
The specific encoding is 0xAAE9.
And 4, comparing the demodulation information with the expected data to complete the station area identification and establish the station area relationship.
Has the advantages that:
the calculation complexity and the recognition success rate of the characteristic current extraction are reduced. Not only can the performance be improved, but also the equipment cost can be reduced.
The operation formula is simplified, and the hardware cost and the complexity of the system scheme are reduced.
The interference of large signals of power frequency 50Hz and harmonic waves thereof is greatly eliminated, and the performance is improved.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of pole locations.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an amplitude response characteristic.
Fig. 4 is a process data flow diagram.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of feature current code bits.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a characteristic current waveform.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an absolute value waveform after characteristic current processing.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of frequency domain data acquired from raw data at fs =6400 Hz.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the processed frequency domain data at f =783.333 Hz.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a method for identifying a distribution room based on a Z-plane zero-pole design includes the following steps:
step 3, extracting and demodulating the characteristic current of the sampling result to obtain demodulation information;
the method for extracting and demodulating the characteristic current in the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, designing a filter according to Z plane characteristics, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step 3-1-1, setting poles and zeros according to the frequency points of the characteristic current; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a pole:
in a Z plane, two frequency points corresponding to the characteristic current are respectively provided with a pole point;
setting a zero point:
every other on the Z plane
Setting n zero points; wherein n satisfies the points on the Z plane unit circle corresponding to the power frequency 50Hz and the 50Hz harmonic, and falls into the n zero points.
Step 3-1-2, calculating to obtain a transfer function of the Z plane, specifically comprising:
according to the zero point set in the step 3-1-1, the corresponding polynomial is as follows:
according to the poles set in the step 3-1-1, the corresponding polynomial is:
1-e 2*π*f/fs Z -1
the transfer function of the Z plane is then:
wherein n is the maximum order of the zero point; f is a preset frequency which is a frequency point corresponding to the characteristic current, and fs is a sampling rate of current data acquisition.
Fs =6400hz, n =3456 is set.
Set f =783.333Hz or 883.333Hz.
Step 3-2, extracting the characteristic current by using the filter, and demodulating, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
and (3) according to the inverse Z transformation principle of the Z plane transfer function H (Z), calculating to obtain data H (m) processed at the m time:
h(m)＝x(m)-x(m-t)+e 2*π*f/fs *h(m-1)
wherein x (m) represents the sampled data at time m; x (m-t) represents the sampled data at time m-t.
The demodulation method comprises the following steps: and obtaining demodulated demodulation information according to h (m), wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
integrating the absolute value of the processed data h (m) within 0.6s, and judging according to the integral to obtain a binary value of 0 or 1; finally, it is determined whether the characteristic current is received by determining whether the specific code is received.
The specific encoding is 0xAAE9.
And 4, comparing the demodulation information with the expected data to complete the station area identification and establish the station area relationship.
Example (b):
and the district topological relation identification is used for judging the phase attribution, the line attribution and the transformer attribution of the user electric meter.
The identification of the topological relation of the distribution area is to transmit characteristic current through the equipment nodes, and the main node of the distribution area identifies the number of the equipment nodes under the distribution area by identifying the characteristic current.
Signal transmission:
the on-off mode of the switch can generate current signals which are shifted around the switching frequency by plus or minus 50Hz on a line, the switch is switched on and off at the frequency of 5000/6=833.3Hz (1.2 ms is a period, 400us is switched on and 800us is switched off), the peak value of a transmitted current signal is 420mA (under the voltage of 220V), and current signals with the frequencies of 783.3Hz and 883.3Hz are generated on the circuit. The presence or absence of these two-point signals is detected to perform recognition.
Specifically, 16-bit binary encoding: 1010 1010 1110 100 1. Wherein, when code bit 0, no characteristic current is sent, and when code bit 1, characteristic current is sent. Fig. 5 and 6 are corresponding schematic views. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of code bits of the characteristic current, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of the characteristic current.
The single transmission time is 9.6s, i.e. the length of the transmission time per bit code is 0.6s. The total time deviation of single transmission is +/-40 ms, and each bit code allows the transmission time deviation to be +/-15 ms.
Signal identification:
at the receiving end, the current sampling signal is AD converted, the current signal on the line is extracted in real time by adopting the identification method designed by the invention, the 783Hz and 883Hz frequency domain component amplitudes are calculated, and the sum of the two is used as a judgment standard for decoding
As shown in fig. 7, for the absolute value waveform after the current signal processing, it can be clearly seen that 1010 1110 and 1001, that is, 0xAAE9, when a certain node is activated to emit the characteristic current, only all source nodes having a power supply relationship can receive the characteristic signal. Thus, branch recognition is achieved.
The invention relates to a method for designing characteristic current signal extraction through pole and zero planning of a Z plane, which comprises the following steps:
the receiving device will let a device start transmitting the characteristic current through the carrier channel. The characteristic current of this device will emit a modulated signal at a fixed frequency point. The aim of the invention is to demodulate this signal and compare the data of the result of the demodulation with the expected data (0 xAAE9 by default, or the receiving device issues the data to the device that needs to send the characteristic current by carrier communication). If the demodulated data and the expected data are all the same, the characteristic current is received, the device can be identified to be in the region of the receiving device, and the region relationship can be established.
The frequency point of characteristic current emission after OOK modulation is 833.333Hz (stipulated by china association of instruments and meters industry, "identification technical specification of district topological relation based on characteristic current"), and characteristic current signals of 783.333Hz and 883.333Hz appear at the receiving equipment end through 50Hz frequency mixing on the power line. The method aims to obtain signals of the two frequency points through filtering, and then demodulate OOK modulated information to obtain information content transmitted by characteristic current.
Because various interferences on the power line are many, especially the power frequency interference of 50Hz is very strong, and further the harmonic interference of 50Hz is also very strong. In addition, the characteristic current transmitting end is not greatly influenced by heat dissipation, power consumption, size and the like. And a large ammeter is hung below the receiving equipment, the total current can be large, so that the current collector at the receiving equipment end can collect the current after reducing the current by 8000 times or more, otherwise, the collecting equipment can overflow. In this case, the characteristic current acquired is much smaller than the interference signal.
Under the condition, a filter with a narrow transition band and a large stop band rejection is needed to filter out two frequency point signals corresponding to the characteristic current. The filter has a long order and needs a large amount of calculation force to complete the calculation.
The zero point near the Z plane unit circle can generate the collapse at the corresponding frequency of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the filter, and the closer the zero point is to the unit circle, the deeper the collapse is; and the pole near the unit circle of the Z plane generates a convex peak at the corresponding frequency of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the filter, and the more the pole is close to the unit circle, the higher the convex peak is.
The design method of the invention is to intuitively design a filter according to the characteristic of the Z plane. Two poles are respectively placed at two frequency points corresponding to the characteristic current, and zeros are placed at two sides as close as possible to the working frequency points of the characteristic current, so that the transition band of the filter is as narrow as possible, and some zeros are also placed at the working frequency points of the principle characteristic current. Particularly, zero points are respectively placed at the harmonic positions corresponding to 50Hz and 50Hz, so that the interference caused by 50Hz power frequency and 50Hz harmonic waves is eliminated. According to the thought, a pole point diagram is drawn on the Z plane, as shown in fig. 2, the pole point corresponding to 783.333Hz is the point corresponding to the Z plane unit circle with radian of 2 x pi x 783.333/fs; as shown in fig. 3, the poles of 883.333Hz are 2 x pi x 883.333/fs radians corresponding to the points of the Z-plane unit circle. fs is the sampling rate and can be 6400Hz (for reasons mentioned later).
To simplify the calculation, the invention is implemented every other on the Z plane
In order to eliminate strong interference of power frequency 50Hz and 50Hz harmonic waves, n is required to meet the requirement that points on a Z plane unit circle corresponding to the power frequency 50Hz and 50Hz harmonic waves fall into the n zero points.
From the above mentioned zero and pole positions of the Z-plane, a system function can be obtained as follows:
the zero point corresponds to a polynomial of:
the polynomial corresponding to the pole is: 1-e 2*π*f/fs Z -1
The transfer function of the Z plane is then:
where f =783.333Hz or 883.333hz, fs is the sampling rate for current data acquisition. In order to eliminate strong interference of power frequency 50Hz, the point on the Z plane unit circle corresponding to the harmonic wave of power frequency 50Hz and 50Hz is H (e) 2*π*50*k/fs ) K =1,2,3,5.. Represents the harmonic order to satisfy H (e) 2*π*50*k/fs ) =0, i.e. 50Hz isAn integer multiple of (fs/n). Fs according to the Nyquist sampling theorem>2f, and 2f. From these 2 conditions, a large number of sets of values of fs and n satisfying the conditions can be obtained. Where s =6400hz, n =3456 is one of the groups.
Obtaining the amplitude response characteristic of the filter:
according to the inverse Z transformation principle of the Z plane transfer function H (Z), obtaining H (m):
h (Z) → inverse Z transformation principle to obtain H (m) = x (m) -x (m-n) + e 2*π*f/fs *h(m-1)
x (m) represents the sampled data at time m. x (m-n) represents the sampled data at time m-n. And h (m) represents the data processed at the time m. h (m-1) represents the data processed at time m-1. ( Then, the absolute value of the processed h (m) (fig. 7) data is integrated within 0.6s, and the binary value of 0 or 1 is obtained according to the judgment of the integral value. Finally, whether the characteristic current is received or not is determined by judging whether 0xAAE9 is received or not. )
From h (m), a dataflow diagram can be drawn, as shown in FIG. 4. The output value at time m of h (m) is: subtracting the input value x (m-n) at time m from the input value x (m) at time m-n, adding the value h (m-1) at time m immediately preceding h (m) multiplied by a coefficient e 2*π*f/fs 。
Identifying 783.333Hz current characteristic time f =783.333 according to formula h (m), at which time
e 2*π*f/fs ＝0.7185816+0.6954426*1i
h(m)＝x(m)-x(m-n)+(0.7185816+0.6954426*1i)*h(m-1)
Identifying a current characteristic of 883.333Hz of f =883.333, at which time
e 2*π*f/fs ＝0.6469561+0.7625272*1i
h(m)＝x(m)-x(m-n)+(0.6469561+0.7625272*1i)*h(m-1)
Only one complex multiplier and 2 complex adders are needed to process one sample point. The operation is greatly simplified, and the hardware cost is reduced.
Because zero points are arranged at the harmonic positions of the power frequency 50Hz and 50Hz, the large signal interference of the power frequency 50Hz and the generated harmonic is greatly eliminated, and the characteristic identification performance is improved. As shown in fig. 8, the frequency domain data of the raw data collected at fs =6400 Hz. As shown in fig. 9, in the case of f =783.333Hz, the processed frequency domain data retains the characteristic current energy at 783.333Hz, and other interference currents are all suppressed.
In a specific implementation, the present application provides a computer storage medium and a corresponding data processing unit, where the computer storage medium is capable of storing a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the data processing unit, may execute the inventive content of the station area identification method based on Z-plane zero-pole design provided by the present invention and some or all of the steps in each embodiment. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by means of a computer program and its corresponding general-purpose hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or portions contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a computer program, that is, a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium and include several instructions to enable a device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a single chip microcomputer, MUU, or a network device, etc.) including a data processing unit to execute the method described in each embodiment or some portions of the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a method and a thought of a platform zone identification method based on a Z-plane zero-pole design, and a plurality of methods and ways for implementing the technical scheme are provided. All the components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. A platform area identification method based on Z plane zero-pole design is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, transmitting a characteristic current containing a specific code to a power grid by a device to be identified, namely transmitting equipment, in the power grid;
step 2, reducing the current and sampling the current signal by receiving equipment in the power grid to obtain a sampling result;
step 3, extracting and demodulating the characteristic current of the sampling result to obtain demodulation information;
and 4, comparing the demodulation information with the expected data to complete the station area identification and establish the station area relationship.
2. The method for identifying the transformer area based on the Z-plane zero-pole design as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for extracting and demodulating the characteristic current in step 3 comprises:
step 3-1, designing a filter according to Z plane characteristics;
and 3-2, extracting the characteristic current by using the filter and demodulating.
3. The method for identifying the transformer area based on the Z-plane zero-pole design as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method for designing the filter in step 3-1 comprises:
step 3-1-1, setting poles and zeros according to frequency points of the characteristic current;
and 3-1-2, calculating to obtain a transfer function of the Z plane.
4. The method for identifying a distribution room based on a Z-plane zero-pole design according to claim 3, wherein the step 3-1-1 sets poles and zeros according to frequency points of the characteristic current, and specifically comprises:
setting a pole:
in a Z plane, two frequency points corresponding to the characteristic current are respectively provided with a pole;
setting a zero point:
every other on the Z plane
Setting n zero points; wherein n satisfies the points on the Z plane unit circle corresponding to the power frequency 50Hz and the 50Hz harmonic, and falls into the n zero points.
5. The method for identifying a distribution room based on Z-plane zero-pole design according to claim 4, wherein the step 3-1-2 of calculating the transfer function of the Z-plane specifically comprises:
according to the zero point set in the step 3-1-1, the corresponding polynomial is as follows:
according to the poles set in the step 3-1-1, the corresponding polynomial is:
1-e 2*π*f/fs Z -1
the transfer function of the Z plane is then:
wherein n is the maximum order of the zero point; f is a preset frequency which is a frequency point corresponding to the characteristic current, and fs is a sampling rate of current data acquisition.
6. The method for identifying the transformer area based on the Z-plane zero-pole design as claimed in claim 5, wherein fs =6400Hz and n =3456 are set in the steps 3-1-2.
7. The method for identifying the terrace based on the Z-plane zero-pole design, according to claim 6, is characterized in that f =783.333Hz or 883.333Hz is set in the step 3-1-2.
8. The method for identifying the transformer area based on the Z-plane zero-pole design, according to claim 7, wherein the filter is used for extracting the characteristic current in step 3-2, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
and (3) according to the inverse Z transformation principle of the Z plane transfer function H (Z), calculating to obtain data H (m) processed at the m time:
h(m)＝x(m)-x(m-t)+e 2*π*f/fs *h(m-1)
wherein x (m) represents the sampled data at time m; x (m-t) represents the sampled data at time m-t.
9. The method for identifying a distribution area based on a Z-plane zero-pole design according to claim 8, wherein the demodulation method in step 3-2 is as follows: and obtaining demodulated demodulation information according to h (m), wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
integrating the absolute value of the processed data h (m) within 0.6s, and judging according to the integral to obtain a binary value of 0 or 1; finally, whether the characteristic current is received or not is determined by judging whether the specific code is received or not.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the specific code is 0xAAE9.
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