CN115681232A - Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same - Google Patents
Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN115681232A CN115681232A CN202211377916.XA CN202211377916A CN115681232A CN 115681232 A CN115681232 A CN 115681232A CN 202211377916 A CN202211377916 A CN 202211377916A CN 115681232 A CN115681232 A CN 115681232A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic system and a four-way forklift with the same, and belongs to the technical field of forklift hydraulic systems, wherein the four-way forklift comprises an oil tank, a power part, a working part, a control part and a walking part, the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the walking part through the control part, the power part comprises a gear pump and a plunger pump, the gear pump is connected with the working part, and the walking part comprises a first walking motor, a second walking motor, a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder; the working part comprises a lifting oil cylinder, an inclined oil cylinder and a telescopic oil cylinder, the plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor of the walking part, and the gear pump is further connected with a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder of the walking part. The invention can solve the problems of insufficient energy density of the electric forklift, space occupation of a motor, space occupation of a gearbox of the internal combustion engine forklift, noise and tail gas pollution and the like in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forklift hydraulic systems, and particularly relates to a hydraulic system and a four-way forklift with the same.
Background
Most of the existing common forklifts adopt a driving mode of an engine and a gearbox or a motor and a gearbox, the gearbox is directly connected with a power source, and the arrangement of parts of the whole forklift is limited; the connecting mode of the engine and the gearbox occupies large space, and the noise pollution and the like are serious; the energy density of the transmission mode of the motor and the gearbox is small, and the driving force is limited; the motor arrangement takes up space and may require the arrangement of a plurality of motors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic system capable of solving the technical problems of insufficient energy density of an electric forklift, occupied space of a motor, occupied space of a gearbox of an internal combustion engine forklift or noise and tail gas pollution in the prior art and a four-way forklift with the hydraulic system; the hydraulic system can be used for driving the walking part and the working part of a four-way forklift, and has the advantages of quiet running, high energy density, adjustable walking speed, adaptive adjustment of driving force and the like.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the hydraulic system comprises an oil tank, a power part, a working part, a control part and a walking part, wherein the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the walking part through the control part, the power part comprises a gear pump and a plunger pump, the gear pump is connected with the working part, and the walking part comprises a first walking motor, a second walking motor, a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder; the working part comprises a lifting oil cylinder, an inclined oil cylinder and a telescopic oil cylinder, the plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor of the walking part, and the gear pump is further connected with a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder of the walking part.
Optionally, the gear pump passes through the priority valve and connects work portion, back steering cylinder, left steering cylinder and right steering cylinder, the priority valve passes through proportional solenoid valve and connects the work portion, the priority valve passes through proportional solenoid valve connects back steering cylinder, left steering cylinder and right steering cylinder, the priority valve still connects through the steering gear back steering cylinder, left steering cylinder and right steering cylinder, priority valve, proportional solenoid valve and steering gear all are equipped with the oil return opening and connect to the oil tank.
Optionally, the priority valve and the steering gear are both of a load sensing type, and the first travel motor and the second travel motor are both two-speed hydraulic motors.
Optionally, the left side turn to the hydro-cylinder with the right side turn to the hydro-cylinder in series and with the back turns to the cylinder and is connected to through two six-way valves the steering gear, the proportion solenoid valve is connected to the oil inlet and the oil return opening of two six-way valves, the left side turn to the hydro-cylinder or the right side turns to the hydro-cylinder and turns to the adjusting valve parallelly connected, when switching when the adjusting valve is the connected state, the left side turns to the hydro-cylinder or the right side turns to the hydro-cylinder by the short circuit.
Optionally, the plunger pump is connected to the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor through a motor direction switching valve, a brake piston is arranged on the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor, the brake piston is connected to the pressure control loop through a traveling brake switching valve, the plunger pump is a closed plunger pump, the first traveling motor and the second traveling motor are further connected to a high-speed and low-speed switching valve, the high-speed and low-speed switching valve is also connected to the pressure control loop, and a pressure control valve bank is arranged in the pressure control loop.
Optionally, oil return ports of the traveling brake switching valve and the high-low speed switching valve are connected to the oil tank, and the type or specification of the first traveling motor is the same as or different from that of the second traveling motor.
Optionally, the plunger pump is connected with a left overflow valve and a right overflow valve, a hydraulic oil output port of the plunger pump is connected to the flush valve, and an oil return port of the flush valve is connected to the oil tank.
Optionally, the plunger pump is integrated with an oil supplementing pump, an oil suction port of the oil supplementing pump and an oil suction port of the gear pump are both connected to the oil tank, and the gear pump and the plunger pump are driven by the same motor.
Optionally, the walking part only comprises the first walking motor or the second walking motor, or the walking part further comprises a third walking motor, and the third walking motor is also connected with the plunger pump.
The invention also provides a four-way forklift, which comprises wheels and the hydraulic system, wherein the first walking motor and/or the second walking motor of the hydraulic system are/is arranged on the wheels.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The novel power and transmission system scheme is provided, the whole vehicle is driven by a pump and hydraulic motor, energy transmission is realized by hydraulic transmission, an oil supplementing pump, a gear pump and a plunger pump are driven by a motor, the power source and a driving part can be separately arranged, the whole layout of the forklift is more free and flexible, the hydraulic drive energy density is high, and the forklift is smaller in size and has larger bearing;
(2) The plunger pump of the power part in the hydraulic system is integrated with an overflow valve, so that the walking part is not damaged due to the pressure build-up of the system; the oil supplementing pump is matched with a flushing valve to flush and cool the system; the plunger pump is matched with a double-speed motor, and high-speed and low-speed switching is performed through the electromagnetic valve, so that different working conditions are met, and the working efficiency is improved; the pump multi-motor system has the advantages that the motors are self-adaptive by means of pressure, the rotating speeds of different wheel diameters are automatically adjusted, and the smooth running of the whole vehicle is ensured;
(3) The priority valve and the steering gear are of a load sensing type, so that sufficient oil supply can be ensured no matter how the load and the rotating speed of the steering wheel change, and the steering is stable and reliable;
(4) Fork truck front wheel steering mechanism uses left steering cylinder and right steering cylinder to carry out the series connection, ensures that the front wheel turns to in step, increases a two-position two-way valve in the middle of the cylinder of establishing ties simultaneously and as turning to the adjusting valve, can carry out the independent adjustment to certain wheel in the front wheel, prevents to lead to the front wheel deviation because of leaking in the hydraulic pressure accumulation for fork truck produces wearing and tearing and walking offset because of the front wheel position mismatches.
(5) The static pressure system has high energy density, small volume and high power; a plunger pump corresponds one to three hydraulic motors, and the motor speed carries out the self-adaptation regulation according to pressure, and the control degree of difficulty reduces.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a plunger pump; 2. an oil replenishing pump; 3. a left overflow valve; 4. a right overflow valve; 5. a flush valve; 6. a first travel motor; 7. a motor direction switching valve; 8. a high-low speed switching valve; 9. a traveling brake switch valve; 10. a right steering cylinder; 11. a steering adjustment valve; 12. a left steering cylinder; 13. a two-position six-way valve; 14. a rear steering cylinder; 15. a proportional solenoid valve; 16. a telescopic oil cylinder; 17. inclining the oil cylinder; 18. a lifting oil cylinder; 19. a diverter; 20. a priority valve; 21. an oil tank; 22. a gear pump; 23. a second travel motor.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, a fixed connection, an integral connection, and a detachable connection; either mechanically or electrically, or internally communicating two elements; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to the specific situation.
The hydraulic system shown in fig. 1 comprises an oil tank 21, a power part, a working part, a control part and a walking part, wherein the oil tank 21 is an open oil tank, the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the walking part through hydraulic hoses, the power part comprises a gear pump 22 and a plunger pump 1, in order to reduce the number of motors and improve the driving efficiency, the gear pump 22 and the plunger pump 1 are double pumps and are driven by motors, the plunger pump 1 is integrated with an oil supplementing pump 2, an oil suction port of the oil supplementing pump 2 and an oil suction port of the gear pump 22 are both connected to the oil tank 21, the gear pump 22 and the plunger pump 1 are driven by the same motor, the motor can be a submersible motor, and the gear pump 22, the plunger pump 1 and the motor can be arranged in the oil tank 21; the gear pump 22 is connected with a working part, the walking part comprises a first walking motor 6, a second walking motor 23, a rear steering oil cylinder 14, a left steering oil cylinder 12 and a right steering oil cylinder 10, the first walking motor 6 and the second walking motor 23 are used for driving wheels of the four-way forklift to rotate, and the rear steering oil cylinder 14, the left steering oil cylinder 12 and the right steering oil cylinder 10 are respectively used for driving two front wheels and one rear wheel of the four-way forklift to steer; the working part comprises two lifting oil cylinders 18, two tilting oil cylinders 17 and two telescopic oil cylinders 16, the plunger pump 1 is connected with a first traveling motor 6 and a second traveling motor 23 of the traveling part, and the gear pump 22 is also connected with a rear steering oil cylinder 14, a left steering oil cylinder 12 and a right steering oil cylinder 10 of the traveling part. The gear pump 22 is connected with the working part, the rear steering oil cylinder 14, the left steering oil cylinder 12 and the right steering oil cylinder 10 through a priority valve 20, the priority valve 20 is connected with the working part through a proportional electromagnetic valve 15, the priority valve 20 is connected with the rear steering oil cylinder 14, the left steering oil cylinder 12 and the right steering oil cylinder 10 through the proportional electromagnetic valve 15, the priority valve 20 is further connected with the rear steering oil cylinder 14, the left steering oil cylinder 12 and the right steering oil cylinder 10 through a steering gear 19, and the priority valve 20, the proportional electromagnetic valve 15 and the steering gear 19 are all provided with oil return ports and connected to an oil tank 21.
The priority valve and the steering gear are of a load sensing type, oil supply pressure can be adjusted according to load changes to ensure stable and reliable steering, the first walking motor and the second walking motor are double-speed hydraulic motors, high-speed and low-speed switching can be achieved, different walking speeds under different scenes are provided, and the speed can be fast or slow.
The left steering oil cylinder and the right steering oil cylinder are connected in series and connected with the rear steering cylinder through the two-position six-way valve to be connected to the steering device, the proportional solenoid valve is connected to an oil inlet and an oil return port of the two-position six-way valve, the left steering oil cylinder or the right steering oil cylinder is connected with the steering adjusting valve in parallel, when the steering adjusting valve is switched to be in a communicated state, due to the fact that pressure difference on a flow path is large, hydraulic oil directly flows through the steering adjusting valve and does not flow through the left steering oil cylinder or the right steering oil cylinder, namely the left steering oil cylinder or the right steering oil cylinder is short-circuited, and the steering adjusting valve adopts the two-position two-way valve or the electromagnetic on-off valve.
The plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor through a motor direction switching valve, brake pistons are arranged on the first walking motor and the second walking motor and are connected to a pressure control loop through a walking brake switching valve, the plunger pump is a closed plunger pump, the first walking motor and the second walking motor are further connected with a high-low speed switching valve, the high-low speed switching valve is also connected to the pressure control loop, and a pressure control valve bank is arranged in the pressure control loop. The brake switching valve and the high-low speed switching valve both adopt two-position three-way valves; the pressure control valve group is connected to the plunger pump, and the pressure control loop is further connected with the left overflow valve and the right overflow valve.
The oil return port of the walking brake switching valve and the oil return port of the high-low speed switching valve are connected to an oil tank, the type or specification of the first walking motor is the same as or different from that of the second walking motor, the hydraulic motors of different specifications are selected according to the size of wheels to be matched, the first walking motor and the second walking motor both adopt hydraulic motors, the chassis space of the forklift is saved, the arrangement of a portal frame is facilitated, the overall size of the forklift is reduced, and the field utilization rate is improved.
The plunger pump is connected with left overflow valve and right overflow valve, and the hydraulic oil delivery outlet of plunger pump is connected to the flushometer, and the oil return opening of flushometer is connected to the oil tank.
In other embodiments, the traveling part may comprise only the first traveling motor or the second traveling motor, or the traveling part may further comprise a third traveling motor, which is also connected to the plunger pump, depending on the carrying capacity and the driving force demand of the forklift.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a four-way forklift, which comprises wheels and the hydraulic system, wherein the first walking motor and/or the second walking motor of the hydraulic system are/is arranged on the wheels. If the forklift is a four-way forward-moving forklift, the wheels comprise two front wheels and one rear wheel, and a first walking motor can be only arranged on the rear wheel according to the designed carrying capacity of the forklift; or a first walking motor and a second walking motor are respectively arranged on the two front wheels, and a third walking motor is arranged on the rear wheel, so that greater carrying capacity is provided.
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The hydraulic system is characterized by comprising an oil tank, a power part, a working part, a control part and a walking part, wherein the power part is respectively connected with the working part and the walking part through the control part, the power part comprises a gear pump and a plunger pump, the gear pump is connected with the working part, and the walking part comprises a first walking motor, a second walking motor, a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder; the working part comprises a lifting oil cylinder, an inclined oil cylinder and a telescopic oil cylinder, the plunger pump is connected with a first walking motor and a second walking motor of the walking part, and the gear pump is further connected with a rear steering oil cylinder, a left steering oil cylinder and a right steering oil cylinder of the walking part.
2. The hydraulic system according to claim 1, wherein the gear pump is connected to the working part, the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through a priority valve, the priority valve is connected to the working part through a proportional solenoid valve, the priority valve is connected to the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through the proportional solenoid valve, the priority valve is further connected to the rear steering cylinder, the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder through a steering gear, and the priority valve, the proportional solenoid valve and the steering gear are provided with oil return ports and connected to the oil tank.
3. The hydraulic system of claim 2, wherein the priority valve and the steering gear are both of a load sensing type, and the first and second travel motors are both two-speed hydraulic motors.
4. The hydraulic system of claim 3, wherein the left steering cylinder and the right steering cylinder are connected in series and connected with the rear steering cylinder through a two-position six-way valve to the steering gear, the proportional solenoid valve is connected to an oil inlet and an oil return port of the two-position six-way valve, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is connected in parallel with the steering regulating valve, and when the steering regulating valve is switched to a communicating state, the left steering cylinder or the right steering cylinder is short-circuited.
5. The hydraulic system of claim 4, wherein the plunger pump is connected to the first and second traveling motors through a motor direction switching valve, the first and second traveling motors are provided with brake pistons, the brake pistons are connected to a pressure control circuit through a traveling brake switching valve, the plunger pump is a closed plunger pump, the first and second traveling motors are further connected to high and low speed switching valves, the high and low speed switching valves are also connected to the pressure control circuit, and a pressure control valve set is arranged in the pressure control circuit.
6. The hydraulic system according to claim 5, wherein oil return ports of the traveling brake switching valve and the high-low speed switching valve are connected to the oil tank, and a type or specification of the first traveling motor and a type or specification of the second traveling motor are the same or different.
7. The hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a left overflow valve and a right overflow valve are connected to the plunger pump, a hydraulic oil output port of the plunger pump is connected to a flushing valve, and an oil return port of the flushing valve is connected to the oil tank.
8. The hydraulic system of claim 7, the plunger pump being integrated with a make-up pump, an oil intake of the make-up pump and an oil intake of the gear pump both being connected to the oil tank, the gear pump and the plunger pump being driven by the same motor.
9. The hydraulic system of claim 8, the walking section including only the first walking motor or the second walking motor, or the walking section further including a third walking motor, the third walking motor also being connected to the plunger pump.
10. Four-way forklift truck, characterized in that it comprises wheels and a hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the first and/or second travel motors of which are mounted on said wheels.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211377916.XA CN115681232B (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2022-11-04 | Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211377916.XA CN115681232B (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2022-11-04 | Hydraulic system and four-way forklift with same |
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| CN115681232A true CN115681232A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
| CN115681232B CN115681232B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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2022
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN115681232B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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