CN115679148A - Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant reinforced material applied to large marine propeller and manufactured by laser - Google Patents
Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant reinforced material applied to large marine propeller and manufactured by laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN115679148A CN115679148A CN202211206683.7A CN202211206683A CN115679148A CN 115679148 A CN115679148 A CN 115679148A CN 202211206683 A CN202211206683 A CN 202211206683A CN 115679148 A CN115679148 A CN 115679148A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of C23C24/10 (2006.01) I in the international patent classification table, and relates to a high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material applied to laser manufacturing of a large marine propeller in the marine environment. The material powder comprises Cu, al, mn, fe, zn, tiC and NbC, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows: al:9 to 11 percent; mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent; si:0.05 to 0.1 percent; fe:3~5%; zn:1 to 3.5 percent; tiC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; nbC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; cu: and (4) the balance. The high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material is surface-treated by a laser cladding method on the basis of a commonly applied nickel-aluminum bronze material, and the material is added with TiC and NbC reinforced phases with specific components in a compounding manner in a laser cladding rapid cooling mode on the basis of solving the problem of precipitation of a harmful beta' phase in the traditional problem, so that the overall strength and the wear resistance of the material are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of C23C24/10 (2006.01) I in the international patent classification table, and relates to a high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material applied to laser manufacturing of a large marine propeller in a marine environment.
Background
In 70% of the marine environment of the earth, ships are indispensable vehicles. Ships play a critical role in freight, tourism and passenger transport. The ships can be driven by turbines or propellers,thus, propellers are a vital component in ships, determining the efficiency, operational stability, life and manufacturing costs of the thruster. Almost all large propellers in the world are cast by nickel-aluminum bronze, the seawater corrosion fatigue strength and the tensile strength of the aluminum bronze are higher than those of manganese brass, and the material has excellent comprehensive performance and is very suitable for manufacturing the propellers. However, the alloy has high aluminum content, so the alloy is easy to oxidize during smelting and pouring, has obvious air suction characteristic, has high aluminum content, and is easy to form Al in the pouring process 2 O 3 This oxide inclusion is also responsible for the difficulty of casting large vessel propellers. More importantly, the service life of the marine propeller is short due to the oxidation inclusion, and the service life is usually only 4-6 months.
In addition, a large amount of documents in recent years have demonstrated that the aluminum bronze alloy as the material of the ship propeller only comprehensively considers the casting performance, the service performance and the economy of large spare parts, is not the most applicable material with the performances of seawater corrosion resistance, cavitation corrosion resistance and the like, but is limited by a machining means, and a single casting molding material with better performance cannot be selected in the industry at present.
Considering a plurality of factors, the composite manufacturing of the propeller by adding and reducing materials is the best method for solving the problem of casting the propeller, the requirements of the propeller on the mechanical properties such as manufacturing process, strength and the like are separately considered from the requirements on corrosion resistance and cavitation corrosion resistance, each propeller is broken through, and finally the composite manufacturing process is unified, so that the preparation of the high-performance material on the working surface of the propeller is realized while the casting problem is solved.
The major surface strengthening methods currently are thermal spraying and electroplating. The interface bonding strength and the density of the spraying coating and the electroplating coating are difficult to meet the long-term work of the propeller under cavitation erosion. The electroplated coating is limited by alloy components and thickness and is difficult to meet the requirements of the propeller on antifouling and cavitation erosion resistance at the same time. The thickness of the coating prepared by the thermal spraying alloy material is limited, and the performance of the coating is damaged due to the inevitable existence of poor pore compactness and high oxygen content of the thermal spraying coating.
In recent years, laser cladding technology is taken as an advanced manufacturing technology, alloy powder with special physical, chemical or mechanical properties (preset on the surface of a base material or automatically fed synchronously with laser) is completely melted instantly by utilizing the characteristic of extremely high laser beam gathering energy, the base material is partially melted at the same time to form a new composite material, and a compact cladding layer which is metallurgically combined with a base body is obtained by rapidly solidifying after laser beam scanning so as to achieve the specific reinforcement purpose.
Although the working condition of the large marine propeller is applied to liquid with certain concentration and certain corrosiveness for service, the corrosion resistance is far from enough only by considering the static corrosion resistance in the traditional sense and the corrosion resistance required to be reflected by service in the high-flow-rate seawater environment. The corrosion resistance under the high-flow-rate seawater environment can take the overall strength, the fatigue performance, the cavitation corrosion resistance and the like of the material into more consideration, and a complex service environment of 1+1>2 is required, wherein the matrix has enough strength and impact resistance and can resist the corrosion of the marine environment on the surface. This problem is extremely difficult if traditional materials science is used to find a single material casting preparation, so it is imperative to do this by a composite manufacturing approach.
From the starting point, the invention obtains a novel laser composite manufacturing wear-resistant corrosion-resistant reinforced material suitable for the large marine propeller manufactured by laser composite manufacturing by taking the overall strength, impact resistance, toughness and fatigue resistance of a base material into consideration, strengthening the surface function of the base material by a laser cladding method, adding corrosion-resistant element components which are difficult to realize like a casting method, and carrying out post heat treatment to ensure that the bonding interface of laser and the base material is subjected to sufficient element diffusion and stress relief treatment. Scientific research on particle reinforced copper alloy is not many, so the patent considers the aspects, adopts a laser cladding rapid cooling mode to reinforce the surface and uses TiC and NbC hard reinforced phases to prepare the aluminum bronze, and compositely forms a novel high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material with value and potential so as to effectively promote the progress of an additive manufacturing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material applied to the laser manufacturing of a large marine propeller in the marine environment. The high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material is surface-treated by a laser cladding method on the basis of a commonly applied nickel-aluminum bronze material, and is different from the conventional wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material in that the material is added with TiC and NbC reinforced phases with specific components in a composite manner to increase the overall strength and wear resistance of the material on the basis of solving the problem of precipitation of a harmful beta' phase in the conventional problem and further in a laser cladding rapid cooling manner.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material is applied to laser manufacturing of large marine propellers in marine environments, and powder of the material comprises Cu, al, mn, fe, zn, tiC and NbC, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows:
al:9 to 11 percent; mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent; si:0.05 to 0.1 percent; fe:3~5%; zn:1 to 3.5 percent; tiC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; nbC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; cu: and (4) the balance.
Furthermore, the material powder is prepared by the working procedures of vacuum melting, vacuum atomization, screening and the like, and the granularity is-150 to +325 meshes.
Further, the material powder is suitable for all-solid-state lasers, and the cladding process parameters applying the powder material are as follows: power: 700 to 1850W, spot diameter: 1.8 to 3.8mm, scanning speed: 25-50mm/s, powder placement thickness: 0.4 to 0.8mm.
According to the invention, tiC and NbC hard strengthening phases are added into the nickel-aluminum bronze powder material in a composite manner in a laser cladding manner, so that the added hard phases are uniformly dispersed in a metallographic structure of a matrix, and are subjected to particle strengthening, the contact area of dislocation is increased, and a pinning effect is caused at a crystal boundary, thereby enhancing the overall strength of the matrix; and because the added hard phase is lighter than the added hard phase, the total volume fraction is larger, the surface area in a metallographic structure is larger, and the wear resistance of the material is further improved. In addition, as the nickel aluminum bronze material is easy to corrode due to the 'slow cooling brittleness' in the traditional casting method, the corrosion resistance of the nickel aluminum bronze is reduced, particularly, the beta 'phase precipitated in the' slow cooling brittleness 'process is easy to corrode due to the corrosion resistance, and the corrosion resistance of the nickel aluminum bronze is reduced, so that the' slow cooling brittleness 'of the nickel aluminum bronze is avoided by performing fast cooling cladding through a laser cladding method, the eutectoid transformation of the beta phase caused by slow cooling is inhibited, the embrittlement phenomenon is prevented, the existence of the harmful phase beta' phase is reduced to the maximum extent, and the overall corrosion resistance of the nickel aluminum bronze is improved. In addition, the alloy powder obtains excellent comprehensive performance by selecting the variety of matrix strengthening phases and designing the percentage content of each element, thereby realizing that the alloy has higher strength and wear resistance, simultaneously optimizing and improving the transformation of self harmful phases, and forming a compact metallurgical bonding layer between the powder material and the base material in a laser cladding forming mode, thereby completely meeting the use requirement of the service condition of a large-scale worn propeller. However, the material composition has almost no casting performance, and the thermal spraying and electroplating methods are not suitable because the marine propeller has high requirements on the compactness of the surface material and needs to have a certain functional layer thickness. However, the laser cladding mode can well solve the problem, so that the laser composite high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material suitable for the large marine propeller is developed through working condition analysis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
(1) The rapid cooling means of laser cladding avoids the 'slow cooling brittleness' of the nickel-aluminum bronze, inhibits eutectoid transformation caused by slow cooling of beta phase, prevents the phenomenon of embrittlement, and ensures that the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum bronze alloy are improved.
(2) The characteristics of intermetallic ceramic particles, namely, the density is generally lower, but the intermetallic ceramic particles have higher hardness and strength, so that if the intermetallic ceramic particles are combined with copper alloy, not only can a formed part with relatively lower density be obtained, but also the comprehensive mechanical property of the formed part can be improved. The TiC and NbC hard phases selected and used in the composite forming part have higher hardness and lower density, and thermodynamic stability is better, so that the forming quality and the comprehensive mechanical property of the composite forming part are ensured.
(3) The strength and the wear resistance of the alloy powder after laser cladding are improved by adding two hard phases for reinforcement, the density of the interior of a cladding layer is high, the interface metallurgical bonding performance is good, and the overall service life of the product is further prolonged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material is applied to laser manufacturing of large marine propellers in marine environments, and powder of the material comprises Cu, al, mn, fe, zn, tiC and NbC, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows:
al:9 to 11 percent; mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent; si:0.05 to 0.1 percent; fe:3~5%; zn:1 to 3.5 percent; tiC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; nbC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; cu: and (4) the balance.
Furthermore, the material powder is prepared by the working procedures of vacuum melting, vacuum gas atomization, screening and the like, and the granularity is-150 to +325 meshes.
Further, the material powder is suitable for all-solid-state lasers, and the cladding process parameters applying the powder material are as follows: power: 700 to 1850W, spot diameter: 1.8 to 3.8mm, scanning speed: 25-50mm/s, powder placement thickness: 0.4 to 0.8mm.
Example 1.
In the process of applying a real ship in a certain shipyard in Qingdao, the situation of corrosion size loss and the like on the surface often occurs, and when the size loss is serious, moderate calcareous fouling can be formed, and the propelling efficiency can be negatively influenced.
After the application method of the patent is used for laser cladding manufacturing, the laser cladding parameters are as follows: power: 1150W, spot diameter: 1.9mm, scanning speed: 25mm/s, powder placement thickness: 0.5mm, using the powder with the particle size of 160 meshes for cladding, and the components are as follows: al:10 percent; mn:0.5 percent; si:0.05 percent; fe:3 percent; zn:1.5 percent; tiC:1.5 percent; nbC:1.5 percent; cu: and (4) the balance.
The size and the precision required by the original design are recovered after the design by a proper cladding process. The machine is in service under the actual working condition, and after the service time reaches 14 months, the corrosion condition of the surface of the cladding layer is hardly observed, and the size loss which can be observed by naked eyes is avoided. Namely, the design of the material is proved to completely meet the design index, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
Example 2.
In the application process of a real ship in a certain shipyard in Zhejiang, the situations of corrosion size loss and the like on the surface often occur, fouling marine organisms such as barnacles, tubeworms and the like exist in a short period, and moderate calcium fouling is formed in severe cases; both of these conditions can have an impact on propulsion efficiency.
The material is used for laser cladding. The laser cladding parameters are power: 1350W, spot diameter: 1.8mm, scan speed: 30mm/s, powder placement thickness: 0.5mm, using the powder with the particle size of 160 meshes for cladding, and the components are as follows: al:9 percent; mn:0.5 percent; 0.05 percent of Si; fe:5 percent; zn:3.5 percent; tiC:1.5 percent; nbC:1.5 percent; cu: and the balance.
The size and the precision required by the original design are recovered after the design by a proper cladding process. The machine is in service under the actual working condition, after the service time reaches 16 months, the corrosion condition of the surface of the cladding layer is hardly observed, the size which can be observed by naked eyes is not lost, no fouling marine organisms are seen, and the whole coating is very complete. Namely, the design of the material is proved to completely meet the design index, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
Claims (3)
1. The high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material is characterized by comprising Cu, al, mn, fe, zn, tiC and NbC, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows:
al:9 to 11 percent; mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent; si:0.05 to 0.1 percent; fe:3~5%; zn:1 to 3.5 percent; tiC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; nbC:0.1 to 1.5 percent; cu: and (4) the balance.
2. The high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material for the laser manufacturing of the large marine propeller in the marine environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material powder is prepared by vacuum melting, vacuum atomization, screening and other processes, and the particle size is-150 to +325 meshes.
3. The high-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant material for the laser manufacturing of the large marine propeller in the marine environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material powder is suitable for all-solid-state lasers, and the parameters of the cladding process in the application of the powder material are as follows: power: 700 to 1850W, spot diameter: 1.8 to 3.8mm, scanning speed: 25-50mm/s, powder placement thickness: 0.4 to 0.8mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211206683.7A CN115679148A (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant reinforced material applied to large marine propeller and manufactured by laser |
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| CN202211206683.7A CN115679148A (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant reinforced material applied to large marine propeller and manufactured by laser |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117286493A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 太原理工大学 | Laser cladding nickel-aluminum-based wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
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| GB762235A (en) * | 1954-06-11 | 1956-11-28 | Manganese Bronze And Brass Com | New aluminium bronzes |
| CN113046739A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-06-29 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Preparation method of wear-resistant machine tool guide rail plate |
| CN113564410A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-29 | 沈阳大陆激光先进制造技术创新有限公司 | High-strength high-conductivity copper alloy material applied to conductive cross arm and prepared by laser manufacturing and preparation process thereof |
| CN114214555A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Cavitation-corrosion-resistant metal-ceramic matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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2022
- 2022-09-30 CN CN202211206683.7A patent/CN115679148A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB762235A (en) * | 1954-06-11 | 1956-11-28 | Manganese Bronze And Brass Com | New aluminium bronzes |
| CN113046739A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-06-29 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Preparation method of wear-resistant machine tool guide rail plate |
| CN113564410A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-29 | 沈阳大陆激光先进制造技术创新有限公司 | High-strength high-conductivity copper alloy material applied to conductive cross arm and prepared by laser manufacturing and preparation process thereof |
| CN114214555A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Cavitation-corrosion-resistant metal-ceramic matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 徐滨士等: "《表面工程的理论与技术（第2版》", 机械工业出版社, pages: 201 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117286493A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 太原理工大学 | Laser cladding nickel-aluminum-based wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN117286493B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-20 | 太原理工大学 | Laser cladding nickel-aluminum-based wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
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