CN115678253A - Polyurethane composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polyurethane composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115678253A
CN115678253A CN202211436990.4A CN202211436990A CN115678253A CN 115678253 A CN115678253 A CN 115678253A CN 202211436990 A CN202211436990 A CN 202211436990A CN 115678253 A CN115678253 A CN 115678253A
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China
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polyurethane
composite material
heat
flame
filler
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CN202211436990.4A
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刘德波
杨文�
任新林
杨德威
张阳
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Huanghe Science and Technology College
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Huanghe Science and Technology College
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Abstract

The invention discloses a polyurethane composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material is mainly formed by compounding a polyurethane resin matrix, a ceramic heat-conducting filler, a flame-retardant filler and glass fibers, and the thickness of the composite material is less than or equal to 5mm. The preparation method of the polyurethane composite material comprises the following steps: pulping; (2) dipping; and (3) forming. According to the invention, the heat-conducting filler, the flame-retardant filler, the reticular glass fiber and the like are simultaneously added into the polyurethane base material, so that the polyurethane composite material with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained, and the polyurethane composite material can be applied to the heat management of electronic materials and has the functions of heat conduction, heat dissipation, insulation, flame retardance, mechanical property enhancement and the like. The invention can flexibly adjust the formula of the slurry and also can flexibly adjust the size of the material through the die to obtain a series of products. The preparation process of the polyurethane-based composite material is short in flow, low in cost and has a large-scale production prospect.

Description

Polyurethane composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic-inorganic composite materials, and particularly relates to a polyurethane composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of high power, integration and volume miniaturization of LEDs and electronic devices, the related power devices generate more and more heat, and therefore the first problem to be solved is heat dissipation. If the heat generated by these materials cannot be dissipated in time, the junction temperature of the device will rise, and the working stability and service life of the device will be seriously affected. The polymer-based heat conduction and insulation material can be applied between a heating device and a heat dissipation device and is one of key components of heat management.
Polyurethane is applied in various fields, and has the main advantages of good elasticity, good insulating property and good water resistance on the aspect of being used as a matrix of a heat-conducting insulating material. But its intrinsic thermal conductivity is small, which is not good for heat dissipation. And the polyurethane has low thermal decomposition temperature and is flammable, so that the polyurethane is not suitable for being used in a high-temperature environment. Therefore, when polyurethane is used for power type heat-conducting and insulating materials, it is necessary to improve heat-conducting efficiency, thermal stability, mechanical properties and flame retardant properties, and to maintain excellent electrical insulation properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the polyurethane composite material with high heat conduction efficiency, strong thermal stability, good mechanical property, good flame retardant property and excellent electrical insulation property and the preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a polyurethane composite material is mainly formed by compounding a polyurethane resin matrix, a ceramic heat-conducting filler, a flame-retardant filler and glass fibers, and the thickness of the composite material is less than or equal to 5mm.
The polyurethane resin matrix is thermoplastic polyurethane, and the solid content of the thermoplastic polyurethane is 10-60%; the ceramic heat-conducting filler is: one or more of aluminum oxide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, zinc oxide and magnesium oxide, and the grain diameter of the heat-conducting filler is 5-120 mu m; the flame-retardant filler is one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, boehmite, red phosphorus and montmorillonite, and the particle size of the flame-retardant filler is 1-80 mu m; the glass fiber is continuous glass fiber and is woven into a net shape, the size of the net is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
A preparation method of a polyurethane composite material comprises the following steps: pulping; (2) dipping; and (3) forming.
The polyurethane resin matrix adopts water-soluble polyurethane or organic solvent type polyurethane emulsion, heat-conducting filler, flame-retardant filler and proper modifier are added, and the mixture is stirred at high speed, the rotating speed is 1000-10000 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-24 h, so that the slurry is prepared.
The prepared slurry contains 10-80% of heat-conducting filler and 5-60% of flame-retardant filler by mass; the modifier is one or more of silane coupling agent, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, stearic acid, stearate, oleic acid and the like, and the mass fraction of the addition amount of the modifier is 0.5-10%.
The step (2) is specifically as follows: and (3) soaking the glass fiber woven into a net shape into the slurry to enable the slurry to be uniformly and fully adhered to the glass fiber, and drying to obtain the film.
The temperature of the dipping procedure in the step (2) is 10-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-24 h; the drying mode is one of natural drying, vacuum drying or forced air drying.
The step (3) is specifically as follows: the multilayer films are stacked together, placed in a mold, and heated and pressurized to obtain a composite material.
The pressure applied in the step (3) is 0.1-50 MPa, the heating temperature is 100-200 ℃, and the forming time is 0.5-24 h.
By adopting the technical scheme, researches show that the ceramic heat-conducting filler comprising aluminum oxide, boron nitride, silicon carbide and the like can not only increase the heat-conducting property of a polymer matrix, but also effectively improve the thermal stability of the polymer matrix, and has better application in heat-conducting polymer composite materials; the flame-retardant filler comprises aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate and the like, can improve the heat resistance and flame retardance of the polymer, and prevent fire caused by high temperature; the continuous glass fiber is compounded with the polymer material after being woven, so that the mechanical property and the thermal stability of the material can be greatly improved. According to the invention, the heat-conducting filler, the flame-retardant filler, the reticular glass fiber and the like are simultaneously added into the polyurethane base material, so that the polyurethane composite material with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained, and the polyurethane composite material can be applied to the heat management of electronic materials and has the functions of heat conduction, heat dissipation, insulation, flame retardance, mechanical property enhancement and the like. The invention can flexibly adjust the formula of the slurry and also can flexibly adjust the size of the material through the die to obtain a series of products.
The technical characteristics of the invention are as follows: 1. according to the working characteristics of the power type electronic material, the polyurethane-based composite material with glass fiber reinforcement, high heat conduction and flame retardance has the advantages that all components are tightly combined, and the effects of various fillers can be well exerted. 2. The preparation process of the polyurethane-based composite material is short in flow, low in cost and has a large-scale production prospect.
The economy of the invention is as follows: with the rapid development of the fields of electronic technology, automobiles, aerospace and the like, integrated and high-power electronic devices are applied more and more, and the heat management of the electronic devices is particularly important, so that the heat-conducting insulating material has a huge market prospect. The composite material has the advantages of good comprehensive performance, simple preparation process and low cost, and is convenient for large-scale production and practical application.
Detailed Description
The polyurethane composite material is mainly formed by compounding a polyurethane resin matrix, a ceramic heat-conducting filler, a flame-retardant filler and glass fibers, and the thickness of the composite material is less than or equal to 5mm.
The polyurethane resin matrix is thermoplastic polyurethane, and the solid content of the thermoplastic polyurethane is 10-60%; the ceramic heat-conducting filler is as follows: one or more of aluminum oxide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, zinc oxide and magnesium oxide, and the grain diameter of the heat-conducting filler is 5-120 mu m; the flame-retardant filler is one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, boehmite, red phosphorus and montmorillonite, and the particle size of the flame-retardant filler is 1-80 mu m; the glass fiber is continuous glass fiber and is woven into a net shape, the size of the net is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
A preparation method of a polyurethane composite material comprises the following steps: pulping; (2) dipping; and (3) forming.
The polyurethane resin matrix adopts water-soluble polyurethane or organic solvent polyurethane emulsion, heat-conducting filler, flame-retardant filler and proper modifier are added, and the mixture is stirred at high speed, the rotating speed is 1000-10000 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-24 h, so that slurry is prepared.
The prepared slurry contains 10-80% of heat-conducting filler and 5-60% of flame-retardant filler by mass; the modifier is one or more of silane coupling agent, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, stearic acid, stearate, oleic acid and the like, and the mass fraction of the addition amount of the modifier is 0.5-10%.
The step (2) is specifically as follows: and (3) soaking the glass fiber woven into a net shape into the slurry to enable the slurry to be uniformly and fully adhered to the glass fiber, and drying to obtain the film.
The temperature of the dipping procedure in the step (2) is 10-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-24 h; the drying mode is one of natural drying, vacuum drying or forced air drying.
The step (3) is specifically as follows: the multilayer films are stacked together, placed in a mold, and heated and pressurized to obtain a composite material.
The pressure applied in the step (3) is 0.1 to 50MPa, the heating temperature is 100 to 200 ℃, and the forming time is 0.5 to 24 hours.
Experiments for preparing polyurethane composites were carried out in the laboratory, and the specific examples are as follows:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane and 30% of solid content of polyurethane are added, 40 parts of boron nitride, 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 3 parts of silane coupling agent and 3 parts of polyethylene glycol are stirred and blended for 2 hours, and the rotating speed is 4000r/min, so that viscous slurry is obtained. And (3) soaking the woven glass fiber net into the slurry, preserving the heat of a water bath kettle at 50 ℃, soaking for 10h, taking out, and drying in a vacuum drying oven to obtain the composite material film. Laminating 6 layers of films, paving the films into a mould for pressing, keeping the pressure at 0.2MPa and the temperature at 130 ℃ for 1h to obtain a smooth composite material film, wherein the thickness of the film is about 2mm, and testing: the thermal conductivity is 1.5W/mK, the tensile strength is improved by 50 percent compared with pure polyurethane, the initial thermal decomposition temperature is improved to 210 ℃ from 180 ℃, and the flame retardance reaches V-0 level.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A polyurethane composite characterized by: the composite material is mainly formed by compounding a polyurethane resin matrix, a ceramic heat-conducting filler, a flame-retardant filler and glass fibers, and the thickness of the material is less than or equal to 5mm.
2. A polyurethane composite according to claim 1, wherein: the polyurethane resin matrix is thermoplastic polyurethane, and the solid content of the thermoplastic polyurethane is 10-60%; the ceramic heat-conducting filler is: one or more of aluminum oxide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, zinc oxide and magnesium oxide, and the grain diameter of the heat-conducting filler is 5-120 mu m; the flame-retardant filler is one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, boehmite, red phosphorus and montmorillonite, and the particle size of the flame-retardant filler is 1-80 mu m; the glass fiber is continuous glass fiber and is woven into a net shape, the size of the net is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
3. The method for preparing a polyurethane composite material according to claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: pulping; (2) dipping; and (3) forming.
4. A preparation method of a polyurethane composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the step (1) is specifically as follows: the polyurethane resin matrix adopts water-soluble polyurethane or organic solvent type polyurethane emulsion, heat-conducting filler, flame-retardant filler and proper modifier are added, and the mixture is stirred at high speed, the rotating speed is 1000-10000 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-24 h, so that the slurry is prepared.
5. The method for preparing a polyurethane composite material according to claim 4, wherein: the prepared slurry contains 10-80% of heat-conducting filler and 5-60% of flame-retardant filler by mass; the modifier is one or more of silane coupling agent, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, stearic acid, stearate, oleic acid and the like, and the mass fraction of the addition amount of the modifier is 0.5-10%.
6. The method for preparing a polyurethane composite material according to claim 5, wherein: the step (2) is specifically as follows: and (3) soaking the glass fiber woven into a net shape into the slurry to enable the slurry to be uniformly and fully adhered to the glass fiber, and drying to obtain the film.
7. The method for preparing a polyurethane composite material according to claim 6, wherein: the temperature of the dipping procedure in the step (2) is 10-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-24 h; the drying mode is one of natural drying, vacuum drying or forced air drying.
8. The method for preparing a polyurethane composite material according to claim 7, wherein: the step (3) is specifically as follows: the multilayer films are stacked together, placed in a mold, and heated and pressurized to obtain a composite material.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the polyurethane composite is prepared by the following steps: the pressure applied in the step (3) is 0.1-50 MPa, the heating temperature is 100-200 ℃, and the forming time is 0.5-24 h.
CN202211436990.4A 2022-11-16 2022-11-16 Polyurethane composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN115678253A (en)

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Citations (8)

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CN201190338Y (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-02-04 万华节能建材股份有限公司 Foam interface strengthening coiled material for external insulation of outer wall
CN104947410A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-30 扬州市邗江扬子汽车内饰件有限公司 Glass fibre reinforcement and surface modification method
CN106710654A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-24 安徽梦谷纤维材料科技有限公司 Basalt fiber-based heat-insulating layer for nuclear radiation protection
CN107286636A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-10-24 东莞市安拓普塑胶聚合物科技有限公司 A kind of low-smoke and flame retardant can ceramifiable thermoplastic's polyurethane elastic composite and its preparation method and application
CN111234284A (en) * 2020-03-22 2020-06-05 江苏众成复合材料有限责任公司 Composite material solar photovoltaic module frame
CN111269553A (en) * 2020-03-22 2020-06-12 江苏众成复合材料有限责任公司 Preparation method of composite material solar photovoltaic module frame
CN113423770A (en) * 2019-02-15 2021-09-21 第一工业制药株式会社 Resin-filled fiber base material, fiber-reinforced composite material, and method for producing same
CN113524741A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-10-22 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet high-molecular composite material heat-conducting sheet and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN201190338Y (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-02-04 万华节能建材股份有限公司 Foam interface strengthening coiled material for external insulation of outer wall
CN104947410A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-30 扬州市邗江扬子汽车内饰件有限公司 Glass fibre reinforcement and surface modification method
CN106710654A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-24 安徽梦谷纤维材料科技有限公司 Basalt fiber-based heat-insulating layer for nuclear radiation protection
CN107286636A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-10-24 东莞市安拓普塑胶聚合物科技有限公司 A kind of low-smoke and flame retardant can ceramifiable thermoplastic's polyurethane elastic composite and its preparation method and application
CN113423770A (en) * 2019-02-15 2021-09-21 第一工业制药株式会社 Resin-filled fiber base material, fiber-reinforced composite material, and method for producing same
CN111234284A (en) * 2020-03-22 2020-06-05 江苏众成复合材料有限责任公司 Composite material solar photovoltaic module frame
CN111269553A (en) * 2020-03-22 2020-06-12 江苏众成复合材料有限责任公司 Preparation method of composite material solar photovoltaic module frame
CN113524741A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-10-22 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet high-molecular composite material heat-conducting sheet and preparation method thereof

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Title
余剑英, 周祖福: "连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料的制备成型技术及其应用前景", 武汉工业大学学报, no. 04, 20 October 1998 (1998-10-20), pages 22 - 24 *

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