CN115676432A - Novel rolling method for large-diameter single-pile foundation - Google Patents
Novel rolling method for large-diameter single-pile foundation Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel roll-on-roll-off method of a large-diameter single-pile foundation, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring the size of a single pile foundation to be rolled and installed, and selecting the specification of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle according to the size; planning a transportation road according to the selected SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the single-pile foundation; using an auxiliary tool to bear the single pile foundation; using an SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to lift an auxiliary tool bearing a single-pile foundation; driving the roll-on-roll-off ship into a wharf, and adjusting the height of a deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship to a roll-on height through a ballast water adjusting system according to the water level at the loading wharf; and controlling the SPMT bicycle module vehicle to roll on the roll-on-roll-off ship, transferring the auxiliary tool bearing the single-pile foundation onto the roll-on-roll-off ship, and withdrawing the SPMT bicycle module vehicle out of the roll-on-roll-off ship to complete the roll-on-roll-off of the single-pile foundation. The invention achieves the purposes of providing a safe and reliable rolling and loading transportation scheme, reducing the transportation cost and improving the transportation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power engineering transportation, in particular to a novel rolling method for a large-diameter single-pile foundation.
Background
The single-pile foundation is one of the structural types of offshore wind turbine foundations, and after the single-pile foundation is built in a manufacturing base, the single-pile foundation is transported to an offshore wind farm by a large ship for installation and use.
The land shipment operation is an important link in the construction stage of offshore wind turbine foundation construction, and the current shipment modes which are reliable and adopt more large-scale steel structures mainly comprise three modes of floating crane hoisting, sliding shipment and rolling shipment.
The offshore wind power single-pile foundation is large in size and weight, cost is effectively controlled, and lease of a large floating crane ship or fixed capital investment of a large gantry crane are reduced, so that a safe and reliable roll-on-roll-off transportation scheme is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel rolling method of a large-diameter single-pile foundation, which is used for solving the technical problem that a mature and reliable rolling transportation scheme does not exist for the offshore wind power single-pile foundation, so that the aims of providing a safe and reliable rolling transportation scheme, reducing the transportation cost and improving the transportation efficiency are fulfilled.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rolling method of a novel large-diameter single-pile foundation comprises the following steps:
acquiring the size of a single pile foundation to be rolled and installed, and selecting the specification of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle according to the size;
planning a transportation road according to the selected SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the single-pile foundation;
using an auxiliary tool to bear the single pile foundation;
using the SPMT self-propelled module to lift the auxiliary tool bearing the single-pile foundation;
driving the roll-on-roll-off ship into a wharf, and adjusting the height of a deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship to a roll-on height through a ballast water adjusting system according to the water level at the loading wharf;
and controlling the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to roll on the roll-on-roll-off ship, transferring the auxiliary tool bearing the single-pile foundation to the roll-on-roll-off ship, withdrawing the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle from the roll-on-roll-off ship, and finishing the roll-on-roll-off of the single-pile foundation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for selecting an appropriate SPMT bicycle module includes:
acquiring the pile length, the diameter and the pile weight of a single-pile foundation to be roll-mounted, selecting the number of axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle for roll-mounting, and determining the number of auxiliary tools for supporting the single-pile foundation;
determining the rated shaft load of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle according to the number of the axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle;
determining the total weight of the auxiliary tools according to the number of the auxiliary tools;
obtaining the load rate of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle according to the pile weight of the single-pile foundation, the total weight of the auxiliary tool, the number of axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the rated shaft load, judging whether the load rate exceeds the maximum load rate, and if not, finishing the selection of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, specifically as shown in formula 1:
η＝(D+G)/(Z*S) (1)；
in the formula, eta is the load factor of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, D is the pile weight of a single pile foundation, G is the weight of an auxiliary tool, Z is the rated axial load of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, and S is the number of axial lines.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for planning a transportation road includes:
determining the width of a straight road surface of a transport road, the width of a transversely moving road surface and the central turning radius of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle according to the size of a single-pile foundation needing rolling and mounting;
and determining the bearing capacity of the transportation road according to the maximum pressure value and the safety factor of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to the ground during transportation, controlling the longitudinal gradient and the transverse gradient of the transportation road to be smaller than the rated values, and finishing the planning of the transportation road.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the auxiliary tool is used to bear the single-pile foundation, the method includes:
arranging an auxiliary support tool at a support point position, placing the auxiliary support tool between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the single-pile foundation, adjusting the height of the single-pile foundation and increasing the contact area between the support point and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle;
according to the single pile foundation gravity center that uses the auxiliary stay frock to bear the back extremely the distance on SPMT bicycle module car board surface the distance of the tire center of SPMT bicycle module car to the sweep obtains the overturning angle of SPMT bicycle module car judges whether the overturning angle is greater than the value of steadily overturning, if yes, then confirm the auxiliary stay frock that is used for bearing, it is shown as equation 2 specifically:
in the formula, theta 1 Is the overturning angle of the SPMT bicycle module vehicle, S isH is the distance from the center of the single-pile foundation loaded by the auxiliary supporting tool to the surface of the vehicle plate;
the auxiliary tool comprises an auxiliary supporting tool and a connecting trestle, and the connecting trestle is used for connecting a wharf and a ship stern of the roll-on-roll-off ship.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the auxiliary tool carrying the single pile foundation is lifted, the method includes:
driving the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle into the bottom of the auxiliary support tool bearing the single-pile foundation for centering and positioning, wherein the error is less than 10mm;
after the height of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is adjusted to a pre-installation height, slowly lifting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to enable the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to bear the weight of an auxiliary support tool bearing a single pile foundation to achieve the pre-installation weight, and checking whether the transportation road, the single pile foundation, the auxiliary support tool and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle are abnormal or not;
if not, continuously lifting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to bear the whole weight of the auxiliary support tool bearing the single-pile foundation, and checking whether the auxiliary support tool is abnormal or not again;
if not, jacking the auxiliary supporting tool bearing the single pile foundation is completed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for checking whether the SPMT bicycle module vehicle is abnormal includes:
checking the reading of each support pressure gauge of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, judging whether the pressure difference value between each support pressure gauge exceeds the maximum value of the pressure difference value, and judging whether the reading of a single support pressure gauge exceeds the maximum value of the support pressure;
if yes, the single-point jacking and descending functions on the remote controller are used for micro-adjusting the reading of each supporting pressure gauge, and the reading of all the supporting pressure gauges is adjusted to a qualified range.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the ro-ro vessel is driven into the quay, the ro-ro vessel comprises:
driving the roll-on-roll-off ship into a wharf and arranging the roll-on-roll-off ship in a T shape with the wharf;
adjusting the keel line of the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship to be centered and positioned with the central line of the shipping area, and controlling the error within +/-10 mm;
the mooring rope of the stern of the roll-on-roll-off ship is connected with the anchor pile at the edge of the wharf in a splayed manner and is stranded and moored;
and laying the connecting trestle between a stern and a wharf of the roll-on-roll-off ship, aligning the central line of the connecting trestle to the central line of the transportation channel, and laying transition battens at two ends of the connecting trestle.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for controlling the SPMT bicycle module vehicle to roll on the roll-on ship includes:
starting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to the front edge of the wharf for full vehicle braking, and starting rolling after the height of a deck of a rolling ship is adjusted to a rolling height;
continuously draining and transferring water for all water storage tanks of the roll-on-roll-off ship, continuously roll-on and roll-off the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle until a deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship is flush with a plane of a wharf, stopping roll-on and waiting for transferring water for the roll-on-roll-off ship;
the roll-on-roll-off ship stops draining the stern water storage tank and discharges the water of the bow water storage tank out of the ship, so that the bow floats up slowly;
after the height of the deck of the roll-on/roll-off ship is restored to the roll-on/roll-off height, continuing roll-on/roll-off, and simultaneously draining the cabin used by the roll-on/roll-off ship;
when the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is completely rolled on the ship, the rolling ship stops draining, and after the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle runs to a specified loading position, the rolling ship transfers water again to keep the ship body balanced.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when transferring the auxiliary tool carrying a monopile foundation to the roll-on vessel, the method includes:
after the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle runs to a specified loading position, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle slowly descends and transfers a first rated load to a support tool of the roll-on-roll-off ship, and the contact condition of each support point is checked;
the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle continuously and slowly descends, a second rated load is transferred to the supporting tool, and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is checked again;
the SPMT self-propelled modular cart further lowers in height until all of the load is transferred to the support fixture and the SPMT self-propelled modular cart is completely separated from the mono-pile foundation and a significant spacing occurs;
and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle continuously descends until the distance between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the bottom of the single-pile foundation reaches 50-100mm, and then the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is withdrawn.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for withdrawing the SPMT bicycle module vehicle from the ro-ro vessel includes:
judging whether the tide level is appropriate, if so, directly operating the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to withdraw from the roll-on/roll-off ship;
if not, adjusting the height difference between the deck of the roll-on ship and the wharf by adjusting the loading water, and operating the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to withdraw from the roll-on ship;
and removing the connecting trestle, binding and fixing the single-pile foundation, and adjusting the load of the roll-on ship until the roll-on ship reaches the starting state to finish the roll-on of the single-pile foundation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts the self-propelled module vehicle to roll on and roll off the ship, and has the advantages of short time, high efficiency, simple and flexible operation, small safety risk, lower cost and the like; in addition, before model selection, the load distribution condition of each module vehicle and the load distribution condition after work are fully considered, and the safety and the reliability of each module vehicle in the transportation process are ensured;
(2) The auxiliary tool is adopted and fully contacted with the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship, so that the local stress of the deck is greatly reduced, and the safety and reliability of a single pile foundation in the marine transportation process are ensured; the auxiliary tool is adopted, so that the operation of feeding and unloading the self-propelled module vehicle is simple and flexible, and the rolling and loading working efficiency is greatly improved;
(3) The invention provides powerful guarantee for continuous and efficient transportation of offshore wind power infrastructure industrialization.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary support tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2-is a schematic view of a single pile substructure roll-on-roll-off for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3-is a schematic view of a single pile substructure according to an embodiment of the present invention, fully rolled on board;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a roll-on/roll-off vessel berthing, connecting trestle laying according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5-is the step diagram of the roll-on-roll method of the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation according to the embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: 1. an upper transition structure; 2. a lower support structure; 3. a dock; 4. single pile foundation; 5. an SPMT self-module vehicle; 6. rolling and loading the ship; 7. connecting a trestle; 8. auxiliary supporting tools; 9. anchoring piles; 10. a cable.
Detailed Description
The roll-on and roll-off method of the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation provided by the invention comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 5:
step S1: acquiring the size of a single pile foundation 4 to be rolled and installed, and selecting the specification of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 according to the size;
step S2: planning a transportation road according to the selected SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 and the single-pile foundation 4;
and step S3: using an auxiliary tool to bear the single pile foundation 4;
and step S4: jacking an auxiliary tool bearing a single-pile foundation 4 by using an SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5;
step S5: driving the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 into the wharf 3, and adjusting the height of a deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 to a roll-on-roll-off height through a ballast water adjusting system according to the water level at the loading wharf;
step S6: the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 rolls on the roll-on-roll-off ship 6, the auxiliary tool bearing the single-pile foundation 4 is transferred to the roll-on-roll-off ship 6, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is withdrawn from the roll-on-roll-off ship 6, and roll-on and roll-off of the single-pile foundation 4 are completed.
In the step S1, when selecting the proper SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5, the method includes:
acquiring the pile length, the diameter and the pile weight of a single-pile foundation 4 to be roll-loaded, selecting the number of axes of an SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 for roll-loading, and determining the number of auxiliary tools for supporting the single-pile foundation 4;
determining the rated shaft load according to the number of the axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5;
determining the total weight of the auxiliary tools according to the number of the auxiliary tools;
obtaining the load rate of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 according to the pile weight of the single pile foundation 4, the total weight of the auxiliary tool, the number of axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 and the rated shaft load, judging whether the load rate exceeds the maximum load rate, and if not, finishing the selection of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5, wherein the specific formula is as shown in formula 1:
η＝(D+G)/(Z*S) (1)；
in the formula, eta is the load factor of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, D is the pile weight of a single pile foundation, G is the weight of an auxiliary tool, Z is the rated axial load of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, and S is the number of axes.
Further, the load factor maximum is 80%.
Specifically, the length of the single-pile foundation 4 to be transported is 118m, the diameter is 6-8.8m, the pile weight is 1920t, the weight of 6 tools for supporting the single-pile foundation 4 is 60t, the self weight is 444t, and the total weight is 2424t. Adopt 108 axis SPMT to join in marriage 4 PPUs (headstock) by oneself modular car 5, consider that the transportation supports the frock and need arrange at the roll-on-roll-off ship cross cabin arm, so the grouping axis is 28 axles, 26 axles respectively, and rated shaft load is 48t, then SPMT is by oneself modular car 5 load factor:
η＝(1920+60)/(48*108)＝38％
from the above calculation results, the 108-axis SPMT bicycle module 5 is selected to have a load rate less than the maximum load rate, and is therefore safe and reliable.
In the step S2, when planning the transportation road, the method includes:
determining the width of a straight road surface of a transport road, the width of a transverse moving road surface and the central turning radius of the SPMT self-propelled modular vehicle 5 according to the size of the single-pile foundation 4 needing to be rolled and installed;
and determining the bearing capacity of the transportation road according to the maximum pressure value and the safety factor of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 to the ground during transportation, controlling the longitudinal gradient and the transverse gradient of the transportation road to be smaller than the rated values, and finishing the planning of the transportation road.
Further, the width of the straight road surface is not less than 20m, the width of the transverse moving road surface is not less than 15m, the central turning radius is not less than 10m, and the maximum pressure value is 7.9t/m 2 The safety factor is 1.3, and the bearing capacity of the transportation road is 10.27t/m 2 The longitudinal slope rating is 2% and the lateral slope rating is 1%.
Specifically, the transportation road should be flat and free of obstacles to prevent transportation, in order to ensure transportation safety, a safety factor of 1.3 times is taken, and various index requirements of the transportation road are specifically shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 offshore wind power single pile foundation roll-on/roll-off transport road index requirements
| Item | Road surface bearing | Width of road surface | Clearance height | Longitudinal slope | Transverse slope |
| Parameter(s) | 10.27t/m 2 | ≥20m | ≥10m | ≤2％ | ≤1％ |
In step S3, when the auxiliary tool is used to support the single pile foundation 4, the method includes:
arranging the auxiliary supporting tool 8 at the supporting point position, placing the auxiliary supporting tool between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 and the single-pile foundation 4, adjusting the height of the single-pile foundation 4 and increasing the contact area between the supporting point and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5;
obtaining the overturning angle of the SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5 according to the distance from the gravity center of the single-pile foundation 4 loaded by the auxiliary supporting tool 8 to the surface of the vehicle plate of the SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5 and the distance from the tire center of the SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5 to the vehicle plate, judging whether the overturning angle is larger than a stable overturning value, and if so, determining the auxiliary supporting tool 8 for loading, specifically as shown in formula 2:
in the formula, theta 1 The overturning angle of the SPMT bicycle module vehicle is shown, S is the distance from the center of the tire to the vehicle plate, and h is the distance from the center of gravity of the single-pile foundation loaded by the auxiliary supporting tool to the surface of the vehicle plate;
the auxiliary tool comprises an auxiliary supporting tool 8 and a connecting trestle 7, and the connecting trestle 7 is used for connecting a wharf and a stern of the ro-ro ship 6.
Further, the stable overturn value θ =8 °.
Specifically, the auxiliary tools required by the roll-on-roll-off shipment mainly comprise an auxiliary supporting tool 8 and a connecting trestle 7. The auxiliary supporting tool 8 is arranged at the supporting point position, is arranged between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 and the single-pile foundation 4 and is used for adjusting the height of the single-pile foundation 4 and increasing the contact area between the supporting point and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 vehicle body. When obstacles such as pipelines and cable brackets exist between the supporting surface of the single-pile foundation 4 and the body of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 or when the height of the single-pile foundation 4 in place of the pad pier on the roll-on-roll vessel 6 is greater than the upper limit of the jacking height of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5, the height of the single-pile foundation 4 needs to be adjusted by using the auxiliary supporting tool 8. When the structural form of the supporting point is not suitable for being directly placed on the SPMT vehicle body or the contact area of the supporting point and the SPMT vehicle body is too small, the auxiliary supporting tool 8 is required to be used for increasing the contact area between the supporting point and the SPMT vehicle body and reducing the local stress of the vehicle body.
The structural design of the auxiliary supporting tool 8 is mainly based on the structural form of the position of the supporting point and the vehicle distribution position of the SPMT vehicle. The auxiliary supporting tool 8 is in full contact with a supporting point local structure, so that the local stress of the supporting point structure is reduced, meanwhile, the enough contact area with the SPMT vehicle body is ensured, and the local stress of the SPMT vehicle body is further reduced. Considering that the structural form of the supporting point position of the single pile foundation 4 is a circular steel pipe, two rows of SPMT self-propelled modular vehicles 5 are arranged at each supporting point, and therefore the auxiliary supporting tool 8 is designed into a structural form of upper transition and lower support. The upper transition structure 1 is designed into an arc-shaped section according to the outer diameter of the steel pipe pile for better wrapping the steel pipe pile, and the arc length is not less than 1/4 of the perimeter of the steel pipe pile. The width of the arc plate is reduced as much as possible under the condition that the self strength is ensured and the local structure of the steel pipe pile is not damaged. The lower support structure 2 is designed as a box beam structure for supporting the upper transition structure 1 for transferring loads to the ro-ro vessel deck, the lower support structure 2 having a sufficient contact area with the ro-ro vessel deck for reducing local stresses in the ro-ro vessel deck. The length of the lower supporting structure 2 is larger than the sum of the width of the SPMT vehicle below the lower supporting structure and the necessary safety clearance, and meanwhile, the driving height of the SPMT vehicle, the necessary safety height in the driving process of the roll-on/roll-off ship 6 and the height convenient for unloading are considered, so that the supporting beam is of a variable cross-section structure, the height of the middle cross section is larger than that of the two end cross sections, and the auxiliary supporting tool 8 is specifically shown in FIG. 1.
The connecting trestle 7 is used for connecting the quay 3 and the deck of the ro-ro vessel 6, and is mainly used for spanning the gap between the ro-ro vessel 6 and the quay 3.
During transportation, the SPMT self-propelled modular vehicle 5 tends to incline laterally when encountering a cross slope or under the action of a large lateral wind load, and is prone to toppling if the vehicle has poor resistance to external lateral external force. The ability of the vehicle to maintain its original equilibrium position against external factors is referred to as the stability of the vehicle, and if the overturning angle of the SPMT bicycle module 5 is greater than the stable overturning value (θ =8 °), the stability of the SPMT bicycle module 5 is considered to meet the requirement.
Specifically, the SPMT bicycle modular car 5 for roll-on transport of the mono pile foundation 4 is 12-point supported, and the plane relationship of the center of gravity of the mono pile foundation 4 to the load-bearing area of the train set is shown in fig. 1, where the distance from the center of gravity of the mono pile foundation 4 to the surface of the deck is H =6820mm. When the SPMT bicycle modular vehicle 5 is traveling normally, the tire center is a distance S =3562.5mm from the deck.
The relationship between the overturning angle θ and s, h of the SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5 can be obtained as shown in the formula 2, and the specific calculation is as follows:
therefore, the transportation stability of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 meets the requirement, and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle can be rolled, transported and loaded onto a ship according to a rolling scheme.
In above-mentioned step S4, when jacking up the auxiliary fixtures that bear the weight of single pile basis 4, include:
driving the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 into the bottom of an auxiliary supporting tool 8 bearing a single-pile foundation for centering and positioning, wherein the error is less than 10mm;
after the height of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is adjusted to the pre-installation height, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is slowly lifted to bear the weight of the auxiliary support tool 8 bearing the single-pile foundation to achieve the pre-installation weight, and whether the transportation road, the single-pile foundation 4, the auxiliary support tool 8 and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 are abnormal or not is checked;
if not, continuously lifting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 to bear the whole weight of the auxiliary support tool 8 bearing the single pile foundation 4, and checking whether the abnormality exists again;
if not, the jacking of the auxiliary supporting tool 8 bearing the single pile foundation 4 is completed.
Further, the preassembly height is 100mm from the contact surface of the auxiliary support tool 8 for the height of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5, and the preassembly weight is 100bar.
Specifically, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is controlled to enter a supporting tool vehicle entering position according to the bearing requirement of rolling transportation of the single-pile foundation 4, the longitudinal center of the module vehicle group is symmetrical to the loading center of the single-pile foundation 4, rubber sheets/sleepers are arranged on the module vehicle, and the auxiliary supporting tool 8 and the supporting surface of the module vehicle at the diameter-variable section are padded with steel cushion blocks so as to ensure that all grouped module vehicles and the supporting surface of the auxiliary supporting tool 8 keep the same plane. The operator adjusts the height of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 to be 100mm away from the contact surface of the auxiliary supporting tool 8. The SPMT bicycle modular cart 5 is slowly raised so that the weight of the cart deck bearing the auxiliary support tooling 8 carrying the mono-pile foundation 4 is up to 100bar.
Further, when checking whether the SPMT self-module vehicle 5 is abnormal, the method includes:
checking the reading of each support pressure gauge of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5, judging whether the pressure difference value between each support pressure gauge exceeds the maximum value of the pressure difference value, and judging whether the reading of a single support pressure gauge exceeds the maximum value of the support pressure;
if yes, the single-point jacking and descending functions on the remote controller are used for micro-adjusting the reading of each supporting pressure gauge, and the reading of all the supporting pressure gauges is adjusted to a qualified range.
Further, the pressure difference is 8% at maximum and the support pressure is 230bar at maximum.
Specifically, all guardians, commanders and operators of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 are located at all positions, and the interphone is debugged to ensure good communication. After checking and confirming that all the components are correct, the commander sends an action instruction, and the jacket starts to be jacked. After the SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5 bears the whole weight, whether the foundation, the single-pile foundation 4, the supporting seat and the SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5 are abnormal or not is checked and confirmed again. Checking the reading of each support pressure gauge of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5, wherein the pressure difference value between each pressure gauge is not more than 8%, the maximum reading of a single pressure gauge is not more than 230bar, and the reading of each pressure gauge is micro-regulated by using the single-point jacking and descending functions on the remote controller, so that the reading of all the pressure gauges meets the requirement. And standing for 10 minutes after loading is finished, and waiting for transportation.
In the step S5, when the ro-ro vessel 6 is driven into the dock, as shown in fig. 4, the method includes:
driving the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 into the wharf and arranging the roll-on-roll-off ship in a T shape with the wharf;
adjusting the keel line of the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 to be centered and positioned with the central line of the shipping area, and controlling the error within +/-10 mm;
a mooring rope of a stern of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 is connected with an anchor pile at the edge of the wharf 3 in a splayed manner and is stranded and moored;
and laying the connecting trestle 7 between the stern and the wharf of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6, aligning the central line of the connecting trestle 7 with the central line of the transportation channel, and laying transition battens at two ends of the connecting trestle 7.
Specifically, the ro-ro vessel 6 drives into the wharf 3 and swings in a T shape with the wharf 3, the keel line of the deck of the vessel and the central line of a shipping area are adjusted to be centered and positioned, the error is controlled within +/-10 mm, and the anchor piles at the edge of the wharf 3 are connected in a splayed shape through the fastening cable at the stern part and are stranded and moored. And laying a connecting trestle 7 between the stern of the ro-ro ship 6 and the wharf 3, wherein the central line of the connecting trestle 7 needs to be aligned with the central line of the transportation channel, and transition battens are laid at two ends of the connecting trestle 7. The method ensures that no obstacles exist on a 3m wide transportation channel and a deck of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, comprehensively checks the loading condition of the single pile foundation 4 and the related performance condition of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5, confirms that all the persons are normal, and commands the commander to send out a start-of-transport instruction and start transportation. The speed of the roll-on transport process is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 control table of transport vehicle speed
| Item | Running speed of wharf delivery area | Speed of rolling on/off | Speed of travel on roll-on-roll-off ship |
| Parameter(s) | ≤0.1m/s | ≤0.05m/s | ≤0.03m/s |
In the step S6, when the SPMT bicycle module vehicle 5 is controlled to roll on the roll-on boat 6, as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
starting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 to the front edge of the wharf 3 for full vehicle braking, and starting roll-on and roll-off after the height of a deck of the roll-on and roll-off ship 6 is adjusted to a roll-on and roll-off height;
continuously draining and transferring water for all water storage tanks of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6, continuously roll-on and roll-off the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 until the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 is flush with the plane of the wharf 3, stopping roll-on and waiting for water transfer of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6;
the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 stops draining the stern water storage tank and discharges the water of the bow water storage tank out of the ship so that the bow floats up slowly;
when the height of the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 is recovered to the roll-on-roll-off height, continuing roll-on and simultaneously draining the cabin used by the roll-on-roll-off ship 6;
when the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is completely rolled on the ship, the rolling and loading ship 6 stops draining, and after the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 runs to a specified loading position, the rolling and loading ship 6 transfers water again to keep the ship body balanced.
Further, the rolling height is 150mm higher than the wharf plane.
Specifically, according to the water level at the shipping dock, the operating personnel of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 operates the ballast water adjusting system on the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 to adjust the ship buoyancy state, and meanwhile, the elevation change conditions of the dock 3 and the deck are detected in the whole process, so that the ship body is kept relatively stable. The guardian needs to monitor the height difference between the deck surface at the tail of the roll-on ship 6 and the plane of the wharf, the deviation condition of the vehicle walking track, the height change of the decks on the wharf 3 and the roll-on ship 6, the displacement condition of the connecting trestle 7, the condition of an SPMT vehicle group and the condition of a jacket in time.
The roll-on load adjustment situation is as follows:
(1) The module vehicle is driven to the front edge of the wharf 3 and is braked completely, and the height of a deck of the roll-on ship 6 is waited to meet the roll-on requirement;
(2) When the front deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 is 150mm higher than the wharf plane, roll-on-roll-off is started;
(3) The module vehicle starts roll-on-roll-off, all water storage tanks of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 continuously drain and transfer water, the module vehicle continuously runs until the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 is flush with the plane of the wharf, at the moment, roll-on-roll-off is stopped, and water transfer of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6 is waited;
(4) The roll-on-roll-off ship 6 stops draining the stern water storage tank and discharges the water in the bow water storage tank out of the ship so that the bow floats up slowly;
(5) When the deck level of the bow of the ro-ro vessel 6 is 150mm higher than the wharf level, the ro-ro vessel continues to roll, and simultaneously the tanks used by the ro-ro vessel 6 are drained. When the transport vehicle is completely rolled on the ship, the rolling ship stops draining, and after the module vehicle runs to the appointed loading position, the rolling ship 6 transfers water again to keep the ship body balanced.
In step S6, when the auxiliary tool carrying the monopile foundation 4 is transferred to the roll-on ship, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
after the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 runs to a specified loading position, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 slowly descends and transfers a first rated load to a support tool of the rolling vessel 6, and the contact condition of each support point is checked;
the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 continuously and slowly descends, the second rated load is transferred to the supporting tool, and the inspection is carried out again;
the height of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is further reduced until all the load is transferred to the supporting tool and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is completely separated from the single-pile foundation 4 and an obvious distance is formed;
the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 continues to descend until the distance between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the bottom of the single pile foundation 4 reaches 50-100mm, and then the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is withdrawn.
Further, the first rated load is 30% and the second rated load is 50%.
Specifically, the unloading refers to a process of placing the single-pile foundation 4 on the shipping cushion pier, completely transferring the load of the single-pile foundation 4 to the ro-ro ship 6, and operating the SPMT self-module vehicle 5 to drive off the ro-ro ship 6, and the detailed steps are as follows:
(1) After the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 reaches the designated position of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 slowly descends and transfers 30% of load onto the support tool of the roll-on-roll-off ship 6, the contact condition of each support point is checked, and a cushion block is inserted if necessary;
(2) The 50% load is transferred to the support tooling of the ro-ro vessel 6. The SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 further reduces the height until all the load is transferred to the supporting tool, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is completely separated from the single-pile foundation 4 and has obvious distance, and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 continues to descend until the distance between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the bottom of the single-pile foundation 4 reaches 50-100mm and then is withdrawn.
In the step S6, when the SPMT bicycle module cart 5 is withdrawn from the roll-off ship 6, the method includes:
judging whether the tide level is proper, if so, directly operating the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 to withdraw from the roll-on-roll-off ship 6;
if not, adjusting the height difference between the deck of the roll-on ship 6 and the wharf by adjusting the loading water, and operating the SPMT self-module vehicle 5 to withdraw from the roll-on ship 6;
and removing the connecting trestle 7, binding and fixing the single-pile foundation 4, and adjusting the water load of the roll-on-roll ship 6 until the start state is reached to finish the roll-on-roll of the single-pile foundation 4.
Specifically, the connecting trestle 7 is removed by using a crane, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle 5 is operated to roll out of the supporting tool, then the supporting tool and the deck are welded, and binding and reinforcing measures are taken for the supporting tool and the deck.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts the self-propelled module vehicle to roll on and roll off the ship, and has the characteristics of short time, high efficiency, simple and flexible operation, small safety risk, lower cost and the like; before model selection, the load of each module vehicle and the load distribution condition after work need to be fully considered, so that the safety and reliability of each module vehicle in the transportation process are ensured;
(2) The auxiliary tool is adopted, and the auxiliary tool is fully contacted with the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship, so that the local stress of the deck is greatly reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the single-pile foundation in the marine transportation process are ensured; the auxiliary tool is adopted, so that the operation of feeding and unloading the self-propelled module vehicle is simple and flexible, and the rolling and loading working efficiency is greatly improved;
(3) The invention provides powerful guarantee for the industrial continuous and efficient transportation of the offshore wind power infrastructure.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rolling method of a novel large-diameter single-pile foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the size of a single pile foundation to be rolled and installed, and selecting the specification of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle according to the size;
planning a transportation road according to the selected SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the single-pile foundation;
using an auxiliary tool to bear the single pile foundation;
using the SPMT self-propelled module to lift the vehicle top to carry an auxiliary tool of a single-pile foundation;
driving the roll-on-roll-off ship into a wharf, and adjusting the height of a deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship to a roll-on height through a ballast water adjusting system according to the water level at the loading wharf;
and controlling the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to roll on the roll-on-roll-off ship, transferring the auxiliary tool bearing the single-pile foundation to the roll-on-roll-off ship, withdrawing the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle from the roll-on-roll-off ship, and finishing the roll-on-roll-off of the single-pile foundation.
2. The roll-on method of the new large diameter monopile foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in selecting the appropriate SPMT bicycle module, comprising:
acquiring the pile length, the diameter and the pile weight of a single-pile foundation to be roll-mounted, selecting the number of axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle for roll-mounting, and determining the number of auxiliary tools for supporting the single-pile foundation;
determining the rated shaft load according to the number of the axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle;
determining the total weight of the auxiliary tools according to the number of the auxiliary tools;
obtaining the load rate of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle according to the pile weight of the single-pile foundation, the total weight of the auxiliary tool, the number of axes of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the rated shaft load, judging whether the load rate exceeds the maximum load rate, and if not, finishing the selection of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, specifically as shown in formula 1:
η＝(D+G)/(Z*S) (1)；
in the formula, eta is the load factor of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, D is the pile weight of a single pile foundation, G is the weight of an auxiliary tool, Z is the rated axial load of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, and S is the number of axes.
3. The roll-on and roll-off method of the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein when planning a transportation road, the method comprises the following steps:
determining the width of a straight road surface of a transport road, the width of a transverse moving road surface and the central turning radius of the SPMT self-propelled modular vehicle according to the size of a single-pile foundation needing rolling and loading;
and determining the bearing capacity of the transportation road according to the maximum pressure value and the safety factor of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to the ground during transportation, controlling the longitudinal gradient and the transverse gradient of the transportation road to be smaller than the rated values, and finishing the planning of the transportation road.
4. The roll-on method of the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein when an auxiliary tool is used for bearing the single-pile foundation, the roll-on method comprises the following steps:
arranging an auxiliary support tool at a support point position, placing the auxiliary support tool between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the single-pile foundation, adjusting the height of the single-pile foundation and increasing the contact area between the support point and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle;
according to the single pile foundation gravity center that uses the auxiliary stay frock to bear the back extremely the distance on SPMT bicycle module car board surface the distance of the tire center of SPMT bicycle module car to the sweep obtains the overturning angle of SPMT bicycle module car judges whether the overturning angle is greater than the value of steadily overturning, if yes, then confirm the auxiliary stay frock that is used for bearing, it is shown as equation 2 specifically:
in the formula, theta 1 The overturning angle of the SPMT bicycle module vehicle is shown, S is the distance from the center of the tire to the vehicle plate, and h is the distance from the center of gravity of the single-pile foundation loaded by the auxiliary supporting tool to the surface of the vehicle plate;
the auxiliary tool comprises an auxiliary supporting tool and a connecting trestle, and the connecting trestle is used for connecting a wharf and a stern of the roll-on-roll-off ship.
5. The roll-on and roll-off method for the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation according to claim 4, wherein when the auxiliary tool bearing the single-pile foundation is jacked, the roll-on and roll-off method comprises the following steps:
driving the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle into the bottom of the auxiliary support tool bearing the single-pile foundation for centering and positioning, wherein the error is less than 10mm;
after the height of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is adjusted to a pre-installation height, slowly lifting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to enable the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to bear the weight of an auxiliary support tool bearing a single-pile foundation to reach the pre-installation weight, and checking whether the transport road, the single-pile foundation, the auxiliary support tool and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle are abnormal or not;
if not, continuously lifting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to bear the whole weight of the auxiliary support tool bearing the single-pile foundation, and checking whether the auxiliary support tool is abnormal or not again;
if not, the jacking of the auxiliary supporting tool bearing the single pile foundation is completed.
6. The roll-on method of the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation according to claim 5, wherein when the SPMT self-module vehicle is checked for the existence of the abnormality, the method comprises the following steps:
checking the reading of each support pressure gauge of the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle, judging whether the pressure difference value between each support pressure gauge exceeds the maximum pressure difference value, and judging whether the reading of a single support pressure gauge exceeds the maximum support pressure value;
if yes, the single-point jacking and descending functions on the remote controller are used for micro-adjusting the reading of each supporting pressure gauge, and the reading of all the supporting pressure gauges is adjusted to a qualified range.
7. The roll-on method of the novel large-diameter monopile foundation according to claim 4, wherein when the roll-on vessel is driven into a wharf, the method comprises the following steps:
driving the roll-on-roll-off ship into a wharf and arranging the roll-on-roll-off ship in a T shape with the wharf;
adjusting the keel line of the deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship to be centered and positioned with the central line of the shipping area, and controlling the error within +/-10 mm;
the mooring rope of the stern of the roll-on-roll-off ship is connected with the anchor pile at the edge of the wharf in a splayed manner and is stranded and moored;
and laying the connecting trestle between a stern and a wharf of the roll-on-roll-off ship, aligning the central line of the connecting trestle to the central line of the transportation channel, and laying transition battens at two ends of the connecting trestle.
8. The roll-on method of the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is controlled to roll on the roll-on ship, the method comprises the following steps:
starting the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to the front edge of the wharf for full vehicle braking, and starting rolling after the height of a deck of a rolling ship is adjusted to a rolling height;
continuously draining and transferring water for all water storage tanks of the roll-on-roll-off ship, continuously roll-on and roll-off the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle until a deck of the roll-on-roll-off ship is flush with the plane of a wharf, stopping roll-on and waiting for transferring water for the roll-on-roll-off ship;
the roll-on-roll-off ship stops draining the stern water storage tank and discharges the water of the bow water storage tank out of the ship, so that the bow floats up slowly;
after the height of the deck of the roll-on/roll-off ship is restored to the roll-on/roll-off height, continuing roll-on/roll-off, and simultaneously draining the cabin used by the roll-on/roll-off ship;
when the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is completely rolled on the ship, the rolling ship stops draining, and after the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle runs to a specified loading position, the rolling ship transfers water again to keep the ship body balanced.
9. The roll-on method of the novel large-diameter monopile foundation according to claim 8, wherein the roll-on vessel transferring the auxiliary tool carrying the monopile foundation to the roll-on vessel comprises:
after the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle runs to a specified loading position, the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle slowly descends and transfers a first rated load to a support tool of the rolling-loading ship, and the contact condition of each support point is checked;
the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle continuously and slowly descends, a second rated load is transferred to the supporting tool, and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is checked again;
the SPMT self-propelled modular cart further lowers in height until all of the load is transferred to the support fixture and the SPMT self-propelled modular cart is completely separated from the mono-pile foundation and a significant spacing occurs;
and the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle continuously descends until the distance between the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle and the bottom of the single-pile foundation reaches 50-100mm, and then the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle is withdrawn.
10. The rolling method of the novel large-diameter single-pile foundation according to claim 4, wherein the step of withdrawing the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle from the rolling ship comprises the following steps:
judging whether the tide level is appropriate, if so, directly operating the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to withdraw from the roll-on/roll-off ship;
if not, adjusting the height difference between the deck of the roll-on ship and the wharf by adjusting the loading water, and operating the SPMT self-propelled module vehicle to withdraw from the roll-on ship;
and removing the connecting trestle, binding and fixing the single-pile foundation, and adjusting the loading water of the roll-on-roll ship until the roll-on-roll ship reaches the sailing state to finish the roll-on-roll of the single-pile foundation.
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