CN115673944A - Device and method for grinding working surface of disc cam based on magnetic grinding - Google Patents
Device and method for grinding working surface of disc cam based on magnetic grinding Download PDFInfo
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- CN115673944A CN115673944A CN202211401834.4A CN202211401834A CN115673944A CN 115673944 A CN115673944 A CN 115673944A CN 202211401834 A CN202211401834 A CN 202211401834A CN 115673944 A CN115673944 A CN 115673944A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding, wherein the device comprises a workbench, a reciprocating mechanism, a cam clamping mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a distance measuring mechanism and a control system; the invention adopts a magnetic grinding mode, thereby effectively avoiding the problem that the surface of the cam workpiece is easily burnt due to grinding by a grinding wheel; the distance measuring sensor is adopted to control the workpiece to feed, the problems of scratches, burrs and pits on the surface of the cam workpiece caused by low feeding precision of the grinding mechanism are effectively solved, the irregular working surface of the cam is accurately ground, and the machining precision is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of irregular surface grinding, in particular to a device and a method for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding.
Background
With the development of industrial economy and the progress of science and technology in China, industries such as aerospace, ships, automobiles, automatic machine tools and the like are rapidly developed, and the requirements on the surface quality of mechanical parts are higher and higher. The surface roughness of the part can be reduced and refined through finishing, surface defects such as scratches, micro cracks and the like are removed, the surface quality of the part is improved, the surface mechanical property of the part is improved, and the stress distribution state is improved; removing burrs at edges, ensuring smooth transition between surfaces and improving the assembly manufacturability of parts; the glossiness and the brightness of the surface of the part are improved. The grinding precision of the profile surface of the cam, which is a common part in precision machinery, is directly related to the service performance of the whole device, so the requirement on the roughness of the cam surface is very strict.
The traditional cam grinding processing adopts a profiling processing mode, the mode has higher requirement on the processing precision of the profiling, and the profiling is easy to wear in the grinding process; in addition, cams with different shapes need to use profiling with matched shapes, and the profiling processing generally adopts grinding wheel grinding, so that the processing efficiency is low, and the material loss is serious. With the rise of the numerical control technology, the high-speed numerical control grinding machine is widely applied, can realize the accurate grinding of the cam, but has expensive equipment, higher process cost and higher technical requirement on operators. And the high-speed numerical control grinding machine also adopts a grinding wheel grinding mode, and when a part subjected to surface hardening treatment is ground, because the grinding speed is high, instantaneous high temperature is generated in a grinding area, and the surface burn phenomenon of the part can occur.
The utility model discloses a chinese utility model patent that grant publication number is CN 214135375U discloses a "processing grinding device of car camshaft, including the board, install the shaft revolving stage on the board, shaft revolving stage both sides are equipped with the stand, and sliding connection has the mount pad about the inboard of stand, and sliding connection has grinding motor about on the mount pad, and grinding motor's output shaft is fixed with the buffing wheel, is equipped with range finding sensor on the mount pad, and the top of two stands is connected with the locking support, be equipped with the shaft locking piece on the locking support. The polishing grinding wheel is driven to move up and down along the cam shaft through the rotating motor, so that the continuous and automatic grinding machining of the cam surfaces is achieved, the distance of the cam surfaces of the cam shaft is sensed through the distance measuring sensor in the moving process, and then the controller drives the electric push rod to drive the polishing grinding wheel to be matched with the cam shaft to adjust left and right, and the back-and-forth polishing operation of the cam shaft is achieved. The device adopts the range finding sensor to realize the control of grinding process, but the grinding still adopts the emery wheel.
The traditional method for finishing and processing the complex curved surface has a plurality of defects, and the magnetic grinding method which is developed rapidly in recent years applies a magnetic field to the grinding technology, has the advantages of good self-sharpening performance, strong grinding capability, high processing efficiency, small grinding temperature rise and the like, is suitable for processing parts with planes, spherical surfaces, cylindrical surfaces and other complex shapes, and well solves the problems of the traditional grinding method by utilizing the automation of finishing and processing. For example, "a magnetic grinding device and a magnetic grinding method for large plane polishing" disclosed in chinese patent application with publication No. CN 110000621A, "a magnetic grinding device and a method for inner and outer surfaces of a complex elbow pipe with variable diameter along any axis in space" disclosed in chinese patent application with publication No. CN 109015280A, but there is no applicable magnetic grinding device for processing a special part, namely a disc cam.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for realizing the grinding of a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding, which adopt a magnetic grinding mode to effectively avoid the problem that the grinding of a grinding wheel easily causes the surface burn of a cam workpiece; the distance measuring sensor is adopted to control the workpiece feeding, the problems of scratches, burrs and pits on the surface of the cam workpiece caused by low feeding precision of the grinding mechanism are effectively solved, the accurate grinding of the irregular working surface of the cam is realized, and the processing precision is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding comprises a workbench, a reciprocating mechanism, a cam clamping mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a distance measuring mechanism and a control system; the reciprocating mechanism is arranged on the workbench and used for driving the cam clamping mechanism to reciprocate longitudinally along the workbench; the cam clamping mechanism is used for mounting and driving the cam workpiece to rotate around the axis of the cam workpiece; the grinding mechanism comprises a cylindrical permanent magnet and a magnetic grinding medium, the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged at one end of the reciprocating mechanism and can rotate around the axis of the cylindrical permanent magnet, and the magnetic grinding medium is adsorbed on the outer side of the cylindrical permanent magnet; an infrared distance measuring sensor is arranged in the distance measuring mechanism and used for detecting the distance of the surface to be processed of the cam workpiece in real time; and the reciprocating movement driving device in the reciprocating movement mechanism, the cam rotation driving device in the cam clamping mechanism, the driving end of the cylindrical permanent magnet rotation driving device in the grinding mechanism and the signal output end of the infrared distance measuring sensor in the distance measuring mechanism are respectively connected with a control system.
The reciprocating mechanism comprises a driving sliding table and a driven sliding table; the driving sliding table consists of a moving motor, a lead screw supporting block and a driving sliding block; two ends of the lead screw are supported by a lead screw supporting block, and the lead screw is rotatably connected with the lead screw supporting block; one end of the screw rod, which is far away from the grinding mechanism, is connected with a motor shaft of the moving motor through a coupler, and the driving sliding block is in transmission connection with the screw rod through threads; under the action of a moving motor, the driving slide block moves back and forth along the lead screw; the driven sliding table consists of an optical axis, an optical axis supporting block and a driven sliding block; the optical axis and the lead screw are arranged in parallel, two ends of the optical axis are supported by optical axis supporting blocks, the optical axis and the optical axis supporting blocks are fixedly connected, and the driven sliding block is connected with the optical axis in a sliding manner; the driving sliding block and the driven sliding block are respectively connected with the cam clamping mechanism, and when the driving sliding block drives the cam clamping mechanism to move, the driven sliding block synchronously moves along the optical axis.
The cam clamping mechanism consists of a first support frame, a second support frame, a bearing seat, an installation shaft, a positioning shaft sleeve, a locking shaft sleeve, a large bevel gear, a small bevel gear and a cam rotating motor; the first support frame and the second support frame are symmetrically arranged, the bottom of the first support frame is connected with the driving sliding block, and the bottom of the second support frame is connected with the driven sliding block; bearing seats are respectively arranged at the top of the first support frame and the top of the second support frame, the mounting shaft is horizontally arranged, and two ends of the mounting shaft are rotatably connected with the bearing seats at the corresponding ends; the cam workpiece is in transmission with the installation shaft through a key, the positioning shaft sleeve and the locking shaft sleeve are respectively arranged on the installation shaft on two sides of the cam workpiece, the positioning shaft sleeve, the locking shaft sleeve and the installation shaft are all in threaded connection, and the cam workpiece is locked and fixed through the locking shaft sleeve after the position of the cam workpiece on the installation shaft is adjusted through the positioning shaft sleeve; one end of the mounting shaft extends out of the bearing seat, and the extending end is provided with a large bevel gear which is in meshing transmission with a small bevel gear which is arranged on a motor shaft of the cam rotating motor; under the action of the cam rotating motor, the mounting shaft drives the cam workpiece to rotate around the axis of the cam workpiece.
The grinding mechanism consists of a support frame, a cylindrical permanent magnet, a magnetic grinding medium, a belt transmission mechanism and a permanent magnet rotating motor; the support frame is arranged on a workbench at one end of the reciprocating mechanism, bearing seats are respectively arranged at two ends of the top of the support frame, the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged on a horizontal central shaft, two ends of the central shaft are rotatably connected with the bearing seats at the corresponding ends, and the magnetic grinding medium is adsorbed on the outer surface of the cylindrical permanent magnet; the central shaft and the cylindrical permanent magnet are coaxially arranged, one end of the central shaft extends out of the corresponding bearing seat, and the extending end of the central shaft is provided with a first belt wheel; the permanent magnet rotating motor is arranged on the workbench, a motor shaft is provided with a second belt wheel, and the first belt wheel and the second belt wheel are connected through a transmission belt to form a belt transmission mechanism; under the action of the permanent magnet rotating motor, the cylindrical permanent magnet rotates around the axis of the self-center shaft, and the rotation direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet is opposite to that of the cam workpiece; the length of the cylindrical permanent magnet is larger than the thickness of the cam workpiece.
The distance measuring mechanism consists of an infrared distance measuring sensor, a support column and a cross beam; the infrared distance measuring sensor is arranged above the outer part of the cylindrical permanent magnet and is arranged on the cross beam, the two ends of the cross beam are supported by the support columns corresponding to the ends, and the bottom of each support column is fixedly connected with the workbench.
The control system consists of a PLC controller, a control cabinet and a control panel; the control cabinet is arranged on the workbench, the controller is arranged in the control cabinet, and the control panel is arranged outside the control cabinet.
A method for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding comprises the following steps:
(1) The cam workpiece is arranged on an installation shaft in the cam clamping mechanism, and the position of the cam workpiece on the installation shaft is adjusted and fixed through the matching of the positioning shaft sleeve and the locking shaft sleeve, so that the cam workpiece is centered with the cylindrical permanent magnet;
(2) Mixing a magnetic grinding material with a water-based grinding fluid according to the ratio of 1:3 to 1.5;3, the mixture is adsorbed on the surface of the cylindrical permanent magnet after being mixed and stirred uniformly in a weight ratio;
(3) The rotating speeds of the cam rotating motor and the permanent magnet rotating motor are set through the control panel; starting a moving motor to enable the driving sliding table and the driven sliding table to move synchronously, and moving the cam workpiece to one end of the cylindrical permanent magnet; through the interlocking control of the infrared distance measuring sensor and the moving motor, the clearance between the initial surface to be processed on the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet is 0.5-2 mm; starting a cam rotating motor and a permanent magnet rotating motor to enable the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet to rotate relatively, and grinding the working surface of the cam workpiece through a magnetic grinding material; in the grinding process, the infrared distance measuring sensor and the mobile motor are controlled in an interlocking manner through the PLC, so that the gap between the real-time surface to be processed of the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet is always kept between 0.5 and 2mm;
(4) After grinding is finished, stopping rotating the cam rotating motor and the permanent magnet rotating motor, and driving the cam workpiece to return to the initial position by the reverse rotation of the moving motor; unloading the cam workpiece, cleaning and drying the cam workpiece, and measuring the roughness of the working surface of the cam workpiece;
(5) And (3) detaching the cylindrical permanent magnet in the grinding mechanism, and recovering the magnetic grinding material adsorbed on the cylindrical permanent magnet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Compared with a grinding mechanism feeding mode, the feeding mechanism effectively avoids the problems of low feeding precision and easy scratches, burrs and pits on the surface of the cam workpiece caused by uneven stress of the grinding mechanism;
(2) According to the invention, the magnetic grinding material and the grinding fluid are mixed and then taken as a magnetic grinding medium to be adsorbed on the cylindrical permanent magnet, so that the traditional grinding wheel is replaced to grind the cam workpiece, and the problem of cam surface burn caused by temperature rise during grinding of the grinding wheel is effectively avoided;
(3) The invention adopts magnetic grinding to replace the grinding of a driven grinding wheel, thereby improving the processing efficiency and reducing the material loss;
(4) According to the invention, the infrared distance measuring sensor and the moving motor in the reciprocating mechanism are subjected to interlocking control through the control system, and the relative position between the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet is adjusted in real time according to the surface shape of the cam workpiece, so that the machining precision of the cam workpiece is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a device for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding.
Fig. 2 is a rear view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the grinding mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the cam clamping mechanism of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a mobile motor 2, a driving sliding table 3, a first support frame 4, a cam workpiece 5, a bearing seat 6, a positioning shaft sleeve 7, a cylindrical permanent magnet 8, an infrared distance measuring sensor 9, a cross beam 10, a support column 11, a control cabinet 12, a start button 13, a first speed regulation knob 14, a first emergency stop button 15, a second speed regulation knob 16, a permanent magnet rotating motor 17, a driven sliding table 18, a workbench 19, a large bevel gear 20, a small bevel gear 21, a cam rotating motor 22, a first power line 23, a second coupling 24, a second power line 25, a third power line 26, a sensor cable 27, a first belt wheel 28, a second belt wheel 30, a support frame 31, a bearing seat 32, a bearing 33, a mounting shaft 34 and a locking shaft sleeve
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the attached figures:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the device for grinding the working surface of the disc cam based on magnetic grinding comprises a worktable 18, a reciprocating mechanism, a cam clamping mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a distance measuring mechanism and a control system; the reciprocating mechanism is arranged on the workbench 18 and is used for driving the cam clamping mechanism to reciprocate longitudinally along the workbench 18; the cam clamping mechanism is used for mounting and driving the cam workpiece 4 to rotate around the axis of the cam workpiece; the grinding mechanism comprises a cylindrical permanent magnet 7 and a magnetic grinding medium, the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is arranged at one end of the reciprocating mechanism and can rotate around the axis of the cylindrical permanent magnet 7, and the magnetic grinding medium is adsorbed on the outer side of the cylindrical permanent magnet 7; an infrared distance measuring sensor 8 is arranged in the distance measuring mechanism and used for detecting the distance of the surface to be processed of the cam workpiece in real time; and the reciprocating motion driving device in the reciprocating motion mechanism, the cam rotation driving device in the cam clamping mechanism, the driving end of the cylindrical permanent magnet rotation driving device in the grinding mechanism and the signal output end of the infrared distance measuring sensor in the distance measuring mechanism are respectively connected with a control system.
The reciprocating mechanism comprises a driving sliding table 2 and a driven sliding table 17; the driving sliding table 2 consists of a moving motor 1, a lead screw supporting block and a driving sliding block; two ends of the lead screw are supported by a lead screw supporting block, and the lead screw is rotatably connected with the lead screw supporting block; one end of the screw rod, which is far away from the grinding mechanism, is connected with a motor shaft of the moving motor 1 through a coupler 23, and the driving sliding block is in threaded transmission connection with the screw rod; under the action of the moving motor 1, the driving slide block moves back and forth along the lead screw; the driven sliding table 17 consists of an optical axis, an optical axis supporting block and a driven sliding block; the optical axis and the lead screw are arranged in parallel, two ends of the optical axis are supported by optical axis supporting blocks, the optical axis and the optical axis supporting blocks are fixedly connected, and the driven sliding block is connected with the optical axis in a sliding manner; the driving sliding block and the driven sliding block are respectively connected with the cam clamping mechanism, and when the driving sliding block drives the cam clamping mechanism to move, the driven sliding block synchronously moves along the optical axis.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the cam clamping mechanism is composed of a first support frame 3, a second support frame, a bearing seat 5, an installation shaft 33, a positioning shaft sleeve 6, a locking shaft sleeve 34, a large bevel gear 19, a small bevel gear 20 and a cam rotating motor 21; the first support frame 3 and the second support frame are symmetrically arranged, the bottom of the first support frame 3 is connected with the driving sliding block, and the bottom of the second support frame is connected with the driven sliding block; bearing seats 5 are respectively arranged at the top of the first support frame 3 and the top of the second support frame, the mounting shaft 33 is horizontally arranged, and two ends of the mounting shaft 33 are rotatably connected with the bearing seats 5 at the corresponding ends; the cam workpiece 4 is in transmission with the mounting shaft 33 through keys, the positioning shaft sleeve 6 and the locking shaft sleeve 34 are respectively arranged on the mounting shaft 33 at two sides of the cam workpiece 4, the positioning shaft sleeve 6, the locking shaft sleeve 34 and the mounting shaft 33 are all in threaded connection, and the cam workpiece 4 is locked and fixed through the locking shaft sleeve 34 after the position of the cam workpiece 4 on the mounting shaft 33 is adjusted through the positioning shaft sleeve 6; one end of the mounting shaft 33 extends out of the bearing seat 5, and the extending end is provided with a large bevel gear 19, the large bevel gear 19 is in meshing transmission with a small bevel gear 20, and the small bevel gear 20 is arranged on a motor shaft of the cam rotating motor 21; under the action of the cam rotating motor 21, the mounting shaft 33 drives the cam workpiece 4 to rotate around the axis of the cam workpiece.
As shown in fig. 3, the grinding mechanism is composed of a support frame 30, a cylindrical permanent magnet 7, a magnetic grinding medium, a belt transmission mechanism and a permanent magnet rotating motor 16; the support frame 30 is arranged on the workbench 18 at one end of the reciprocating mechanism, bearing seats 31 are respectively arranged at two ends of the top of the support frame 30, the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is arranged on a horizontal central shaft, two ends of the central shaft are rotationally connected with the bearing seats 31 at the corresponding ends, and the magnetic grinding medium is adsorbed on the outer surface of the cylindrical permanent magnet 7; the central shaft and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 are coaxially arranged, one end of the central shaft extends out of the corresponding bearing seat 31, and the extending end is provided with a first belt wheel 27; the permanent magnet rotating motor 16 is arranged on the workbench 18, a motor shaft is provided with a second belt wheel 29, and the first belt wheel 27 and the second belt wheel 29 are connected through a transmission belt 28 to form a belt transmission mechanism; under the action of the permanent magnet rotating motor 16, the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 rotates around the axis of the self-center shaft, and the rotation direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is opposite to that of the cam workpiece 4; the length of the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is greater than the thickness of the cam workpiece 4.
The distance measuring mechanism consists of an infrared distance measuring sensor 8, a support column 10 and a cross beam 9; the infrared distance measuring sensor 8 is arranged above the cylindrical permanent magnet 7, the infrared distance measuring sensor 8 is arranged on the cross beam 9, two ends of the cross beam 9 are supported by the support columns 10 at corresponding ends, and the bottoms of the support columns 10 are fixedly connected with the workbench 18.
The control system consists of a PLC controller, a control cabinet 11 and a control panel; the control cabinet 11 is arranged on the workbench 18, the controller is arranged in the control cabinet 11, and a control panel is arranged outside the control cabinet 11.
A method for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding comprises the following steps:
(1) The cam workpiece 4 is arranged on an installation shaft 33 in the cam clamping mechanism, and the position of the cam workpiece 4 on the installation shaft 33 is adjusted and fixed through the matching of a positioning shaft sleeve 6 and a locking shaft sleeve 34, so that the cam workpiece 4 is centered with the cylindrical permanent magnet 7;
(2) Mixing a magnetic grinding material with a water-based grinding fluid according to the ratio of 1:3 to 1.5;3, and adsorbing the mixture on the surface of a cylindrical permanent magnet 7 after uniformly mixing and stirring the mixture;
(3) The rotating speeds of the cam rotating motor 21 and the permanent magnet rotating motor 16 are set through the control panel; starting the moving motor 1 to enable the driving sliding table 2 and the driven sliding table 17 to move synchronously, and moving the cam workpiece 4 to one end of the cylindrical permanent magnet 7; through the interlocking control of the infrared distance measuring sensor 8 and the mobile motor 1, the gap between the initial surface to be processed on the cam workpiece 4 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is 0.5-2 mm; starting the cam rotating motor 21 and the permanent magnet rotating motor 16 to enable the cam workpiece 4 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 to rotate relatively, and grinding the working surface of the cam workpiece 4 through magnetic grinding materials; in the grinding process, the infrared distance measuring sensor 8 and the moving motor 1 are controlled in an interlocking manner through a PLC (programmable logic controller), so that the gap between the real-time surface to be processed of the cam workpiece 4 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is always kept at 0.5-2 mm;
(4) After grinding is finished, stopping the rotation of the cam rotating motor 21 and the permanent magnet rotating motor 16, and driving the cam workpiece 4 to return to the initial position by the reverse rotation of the moving motor 1; the cam workpiece 4 is dismounted, cleaned and dried, and the roughness of the working surface of the cam workpiece 4 is measured;
(5) The cylindrical permanent magnet 7 in the grinding mechanism is removed, and the magnetic abrasive adsorbed thereon is recovered.
The invention discloses a device for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding, which has the working principle that: a moving motor in the reciprocating mechanism drives a lead screw in the driving sliding table to rotate forwards or reversely, so that the driving sliding block reciprocates along the lead screw and the cam clamping mechanism and the driven sliding table move stably along the longitudinal direction of the workbench; the cam clamping mechanism is provided with a cam rotating motor and is used for driving the cam workpiece to rotate; establish cylindrical permanent magnet in the grinding mechanism, it is rotatory to drive cylindrical permanent magnet through permanent magnet rotating electrical machines, realizes the abrasive machining to cam work piece working face through the relative motion between cylindrical permanent magnet and the cam work piece. The distance measuring mechanism is internally provided with an infrared distance measuring sensor for measuring the distance between the distance measuring sensor and the surface to be processed of the cam workpiece in real time and transmitting data to the control system, the control system controls the movement of the moving motor after analysis and calculation, the position of the cam workpiece is adjusted in real time, the working gap between the working surface to be processed of the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet is guaranteed to be unchanged, and therefore precise grinding is achieved.
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and technical effect of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is now clearly and completely described. The embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive step in connection with the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[ examples ] A method for producing a compound
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the device for grinding the working surface of the disc cam based on magnetic grinding includes a worktable 18, a reciprocating mechanism, a cam clamping mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a distance measuring mechanism and a control system, wherein the reciprocating mechanism, the grinding mechanism and the distance measuring mechanism are all disposed on the worktable 18.
In this embodiment, the reciprocating mechanism includes a driving sliding table 2 and a driven sliding table 17; the driving sliding table 2 consists of a moving motor, a lead screw supporting block and a driving sliding block; the driven sliding table 17 consists of an optical axis, an optical axis supporting block and a driven sliding block; the driven sliding table moves along with the driving sliding table to realize follow-up, and the stable movement of the cam clamping mechanism is ensured by the synchronous action of the driven sliding table and the driving sliding table. The adjustment of the horizontal distance of the cam workpiece 4 on the cam clamping mechanism relative to the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is realized through the forward and reverse rotation actions of the moving motor 1.
In this embodiment, the cam clamping mechanism includes a first support frame 3, a second support frame, a bearing seat 5, an installation shaft 33, a positioning shaft sleeve 6, and a locking shaft sleeve 34. The first support frame 3 and the second support frame are respectively fixed on the driving sliding table 2 and the driven sliding table 17 which correspond to the reciprocating mechanism, and the bearing seats 5 are fixed on the tops of the first support frame 3 and the second support frame through bolts. Two ends of the mounting shaft 33 are supported by the bearing block 5, and a bearing 32 is arranged between the mounting shaft 33 and the bearing block 5; the axial position of the cam workpiece 4 on the mounting shaft 33 is adjusted by the positioning shaft sleeve 6 and the locking shaft sleeve 34 and then locked and fixed, and the mounting shaft 33 drives the cam workpiece 4 to rotate through keys. The cam rotating motor 21 drives the mounting shaft 33 to rotate through a bevel gear transmission mechanism, and further drives the cam workpiece 4 to rotate.
In this embodiment, the distance measuring mechanism includes an infrared distance measuring sensor 8, a support column 10, and a cross beam 9. The lower end of the supporting column 10 is fixed on the workbench 18, the upper end of the supporting column is connected with the cross beam 9, and the infrared distance measuring sensor 8 is arranged in the middle of the cross beam 9 and used for measuring the distance from the supporting column to the real-time surface to be processed of the cam workpiece 4 and transmitting data to the control system.
In this embodiment, the grinding apparatus includes a support frame 30, a bearing housing 31, a cylindrical permanent magnet 7, a belt transmission mechanism, and a permanent magnet rotating motor 16. The support frame 30 comprises the support of 2L shapes, and 2 supports are fixed relatively on workstation 18, fix the top at 2 supports respectively with 2 bearing frames 31 through the bolt. The cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is supported between 2 bearing seats 31 by a central shaft. One end of the central shaft extends out of the bearing seat 31 and is connected with a first belt wheel 27. The permanent magnet rotating motor 16 is installed on the workbench 18, a motor shaft is provided with a belt wheel II 29, the belt wheel I27 and the belt wheel II 29 are both V-shaped belt wheels and are connected and driven through a V-shaped transmission belt 28, and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is driven to rotate through the permanent magnet rotating motor 16.
In this embodiment, the control system is configured to collect data detected by the infrared distance measuring sensor 8 in real time, perform analysis and calculation, further control the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the moving motor 1, and adjust the position of the cam workpiece 4 in real time, so that a suitable machining gap is maintained between the surface to be machined on the cam workpiece 4 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7. In this embodiment, the machining gap is 1.5mm. Meanwhile, the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the mobile motor 1 are displayed on a display screen of the control panel in real time. The control panel is also provided with 2 adjusting knobs, namely a first speed adjusting knob 13 and a second speed adjusting knob 15, which are respectively used for adjusting the output rotating speed of the cam rotating motor 21 and the output rotating speed of the permanent magnet rotating motor 16, and corresponding rotating speed data are displayed on the display screen. In addition, the control panel is also provided with a start key 12 and an emergency stop key 14. The moving motor 1 is connected with a power supply through a power line II 24, the cam rotating motor 21 is connected with the power supply through a power line I22, and the permanent magnet rotating motor 16 is connected with the power supply through a power line III 25. The infrared distance measuring sensor 8 is connected with the control system through a sensor cable.
In this embodiment, the method for grinding the working surface of the disc cam based on magnetic grinding specifically includes the following steps:
(1) The cam workpiece 4 is mounted on the mounting shaft 33, and the axial position of the cam workpiece 4 is adjusted by the positioning boss 6 and the locking boss 34 so as to be aligned with the cylindrical permanent magnet 7.
(2) Magnetic abrasive particles and water-based grinding fluid are mixed according to the proportion of 2:3, and adsorbing the mixture on a cylindrical permanent magnet 7 after uniformly stirring.
(3) After the power supply of each part is turned on, the rotation speeds of the cam rotation motor 21 and the permanent magnet rotation motor 16 are set by the control panel. The moving motor 1 adjusts the rotating speed and the rotating direction in real time through the control system, moves the cam workpiece 4, enables the working gap between the initial surface to be processed and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 to be 1.5mm, and ensures the working gap between the initial surface to be processed and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 in the subsequent grinding process. The permanent magnet rotating motor 16 is started to drive the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 to rotate, then the cam rotating motor 21 is started to drive the cam workpiece 4 to rotate slowly, the rotating direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet 7 is opposite to that of the cam workpiece 4, and the infrared distance measuring sensor 8 and the moving motor 1 are interlocked to adjust the relative positions of the cam workpiece 4 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 7, so that the working surface of the cam workpiece 4 is effectively ground.
(4) After grinding is finished, the cam clamping mechanism returns to the initial position, the power supply is turned off, the cam workpiece 4 is dismounted, the surface is cleaned, dried and the surface roughness is measured.
(5) The cylindrical permanent magnet 7 on the grinding mechanism is detached, and the magnetic grinding material is recovered.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A device for grinding a working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding is characterized by comprising a workbench, a reciprocating mechanism, a cam clamping mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a distance measuring mechanism and a control system; the reciprocating mechanism is arranged on the workbench and used for driving the cam clamping mechanism to reciprocate longitudinally along the workbench; the cam clamping mechanism is used for mounting and driving the cam workpiece to rotate around the axis of the cam workpiece; the grinding mechanism comprises a cylindrical permanent magnet and a magnetic grinding medium, the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged at one end of the reciprocating mechanism and can rotate around the axis of the cylindrical permanent magnet, and the magnetic grinding medium is adsorbed on the outer side of the cylindrical permanent magnet; an infrared distance measuring sensor is arranged in the distance measuring mechanism and used for detecting the distance of the surface to be processed of the cam workpiece in real time; and the reciprocating movement driving device in the reciprocating movement mechanism, the cam rotation driving device in the cam clamping mechanism, the driving end of the cylindrical permanent magnet rotation driving device in the grinding mechanism and the signal output end of the infrared distance measuring sensor in the distance measuring mechanism are respectively connected with a control system.
2. The device for realizing the grinding of the working surface of the disc cam based on the magnetic grinding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reciprocating mechanism comprises a driving sliding table and a driven sliding table; the driving sliding table consists of a moving motor, a lead screw supporting block and a driving sliding block; two ends of the lead screw are supported by a lead screw supporting block, and the lead screw is rotatably connected with the lead screw supporting block; one end of the screw rod, which is far away from the grinding mechanism, is connected with a motor shaft of the moving motor through a coupler, and the driving slide block is in transmission connection with the screw rod through threads; under the action of a moving motor, the driving slide block moves back and forth along the lead screw; the driven sliding table consists of an optical axis, an optical axis supporting block and a driven sliding block; the optical axis and the lead screw are arranged in parallel, two ends of the optical axis are supported by optical axis supporting blocks, the optical axis and the optical axis supporting blocks are fixedly connected, and the driven sliding block is connected with the optical axis in a sliding manner; the driving sliding block and the driven sliding block are respectively connected with the cam clamping mechanism, and when the driving sliding block drives the cam clamping mechanism to move, the driven sliding block synchronously moves along the optical axis.
3. The device for realizing grinding of the working surface of the disc cam based on magnetic grinding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cam clamping mechanism is composed of a first support frame, a second support frame, a bearing seat, an installation shaft, a positioning shaft sleeve, a locking shaft sleeve, a large bevel gear, a small bevel gear and a cam rotating motor; the first support frame and the second support frame are symmetrically arranged, the bottom of the first support frame is connected with the driving sliding block, and the bottom of the second support frame is connected with the driven sliding block; bearing seats are respectively arranged at the top of the first support frame and the top of the second support frame, the mounting shaft is horizontally arranged, and two ends of the mounting shaft are rotatably connected with the bearing seats at the corresponding ends; the cam workpiece is in key transmission with an installation shaft, a positioning shaft sleeve and a locking shaft sleeve are respectively arranged on the installation shaft at two sides of the cam workpiece, the positioning shaft sleeve, the locking shaft sleeve and the installation shaft are in threaded connection, and the cam workpiece is locked and fixed through the locking shaft sleeve after the position of the cam workpiece on the installation shaft is adjusted through the positioning shaft sleeve; one end of the mounting shaft extends out of the bearing seat, and the extending end is provided with a large bevel gear which is in meshing transmission with a small bevel gear which is arranged on a motor shaft of the cam rotating motor; under the action of the cam rotating motor, the mounting shaft drives the cam workpiece to rotate around the axis of the cam workpiece.
4. The device for realizing disc cam working surface grinding based on magnetic grinding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding mechanism is composed of a support frame, a cylindrical permanent magnet, a magnetic grinding medium, a belt transmission mechanism and a permanent magnet rotating motor; the support frame is arranged on a workbench at one end of the reciprocating mechanism, bearing seats are respectively arranged at two ends of the top of the support frame, the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged on a horizontal central shaft, two ends of the central shaft are rotatably connected with the bearing seats at the corresponding ends, and the magnetic grinding medium is adsorbed on the outer surface of the cylindrical permanent magnet; the central shaft and the cylindrical permanent magnet are coaxially arranged, one end of the central shaft extends out of the corresponding bearing seat, and the extending end of the central shaft is provided with a first belt wheel; the permanent magnet rotating motor is arranged on the workbench, a motor shaft is provided with a belt wheel II, and the belt wheel I and the belt wheel II are connected through a transmission belt to form a belt transmission mechanism; under the action of the permanent magnet rotating motor, the cylindrical permanent magnet rotates around the axis of the self-center shaft, and the rotation direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet is opposite to that of the cam workpiece; the length of the cylindrical permanent magnet is larger than the thickness of the cam workpiece.
5. The device for realizing the grinding of the working surface of the disc cam based on the magnetic grinding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance measuring mechanism consists of an infrared distance measuring sensor, a support column and a cross beam; the outer top of cylindrical permanent magnet is located to infrared distance measuring sensor, and infrared distance measuring sensor installs on the crossbeam, and the both ends of crossbeam are supported by the support column that corresponds the end, the bottom and the workstation fixed connection of support column.
6. The device for realizing the grinding of the working surface of the disc cam based on the magnetic grinding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control system consists of a PLC controller, a control cabinet and a control panel; the control cabinet is arranged on the workbench, the controller is arranged in the control cabinet, and the control panel is arranged on the outer side of the control cabinet.
7. A method for grinding the working surface of a disc cam based on magnetic grinding, which is characterized by being realized by the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The cam workpiece is arranged on an installation shaft in the cam clamping mechanism, and the position of the cam workpiece on the installation shaft is adjusted and fixed through the matching of the positioning shaft sleeve and the locking shaft sleeve, so that the cam workpiece is centered with the cylindrical permanent magnet;
(2) Mixing a magnetic grinding material with a water-based grinding liquid according to the ratio of 1:3 to 1.5;3, the mixture is adsorbed on the surface of the cylindrical permanent magnet after being mixed and stirred uniformly in a weight ratio;
(3) The rotating speed of the cam rotating motor and the rotating speed of the permanent magnet rotating motor are set through the control panel; starting a moving motor to enable the driving sliding table and the driven sliding table to move synchronously, and moving the cam workpiece to one end of the cylindrical permanent magnet; the clearance between the initial surface to be processed on the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet is 0.5-2 mm through the interlocking control of the infrared distance measuring sensor and the moving motor; starting a cam rotating motor and a permanent magnet rotating motor to enable the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet to rotate relatively, and grinding the working surface of the cam workpiece through a magnetic grinding material; in the grinding process, the infrared distance measuring sensor and the mobile motor are controlled in an interlocking way through the PLC, so that the gap between the real-time surface to be processed of the cam workpiece and the cylindrical permanent magnet is always kept between 0.5 and 2mm;
(4) After grinding is finished, stopping rotating the cam rotating motor and the permanent magnet rotating motor, and driving the cam workpiece to return to the initial position by the reverse rotation of the moving motor; unloading the cam workpiece, cleaning and drying the cam workpiece, and measuring the roughness of the working surface of the cam workpiece;
(5) And (4) unloading the cylindrical permanent magnet in the grinding mechanism, and recovering the magnetic grinding materials adsorbed on the cylindrical permanent magnet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211401834.4A CN115673944A (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Device and method for grinding working surface of disc cam based on magnetic grinding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211401834.4A CN115673944A (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Device and method for grinding working surface of disc cam based on magnetic grinding |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115673944A true CN115673944A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211401834.4A Pending CN115673944A (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Device and method for grinding working surface of disc cam based on magnetic grinding |
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| CN (1) | CN115673944A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117140205A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2023-12-01 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Magnetic grinding device with grinding compensation function |
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2022
- 2022-11-10 CN CN202211401834.4A patent/CN115673944A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117140205A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2023-12-01 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Magnetic grinding device with grinding compensation function |
| CN117140205B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-02 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Magnetic grinding device with grinding compensation function |
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