CN115672406B - High-temperature-resistant ethylene tetramerization catalyst and application thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant ethylene tetramerization catalyst and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115672406B CN115672406B CN202211388143.5A CN202211388143A CN115672406B CN 115672406 B CN115672406 B CN 115672406B CN 202211388143 A CN202211388143 A CN 202211388143A CN 115672406 B CN115672406 B CN 115672406B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- XEHUIDSUOAGHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Cr].CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O XEHUIDSUOAGHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentane Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NFJPEKRRHIYYES-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidenecyclopentane Chemical compound C=C1CCCC1 NFJPEKRRHIYYES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- CYOMBOLDXZUMBU-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);oxolane;trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3].C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 CYOMBOLDXZUMBU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WBKDDMYJLXVBNI-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O WBKDDMYJLXVBNI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
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- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004372 methylthioethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])SC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyrrole Substances C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant ethylene tetramerization catalyst, which comprises a chromium source, a cocatalyst and a ligand, and is characterized in that the ligand has the following structure: X represents hydrogen or the residue of an amino acid, and n is 0 to 2; z represents H or HN (R 1)(R2)(R3), wherein R 1、R2、R3 each represents the same or different alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The method prepares 1-octene by tetramerization reaction of ethylene with high selectivity at higher temperature by using a chromium-based catalyst system, wherein the chromium-based catalyst comprises a chromium source, a cocatalyst and a ligand of a P-N-P framework structure containing carboxyl.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of olefin polymerization, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant ethylene tetramerization catalyst and application thereof.
Background
1-Octene is used as an important organic raw material and chemical intermediate, mainly for producing high-end PE and POE and as a raw material for producing plasticizer, alcohols for detergents and lubricating oil additives. Ethylene tetramerization is one of the main methods for industrially preparing linear 1-octene at present, and the product quality is high, so that the ethylene tetramerization can better adapt to market demands, and is a hot spot for research in recent years.
A technical staff of Sasol company (patent WO 2004/056478) uses PNP ligand, chromium acetylacetonate and MAO to form a catalytic system, so that ethylene tetramerization is realized, the selectivity of 1-octene in the product reaches 70%, and the industrialized production of ethylene tetramerization is realized.
In the industrial production process of ethylene tetramerization, the problems that an ethylene high polymer byproduct is generated, a pipeline is blocked, and a device is stopped are solved, the ethylene high polymer must be stopped periodically, and the device is difficult to stably operate for a long period.
The reason why the ethylene polymer blocks the pipe is that the reaction temperature is low, usually 40-60 ℃, and the solubility of the polymer in the reaction system is small to precipitate. The existing catalyst system is deactivated under the high temperature condition, and the high polymer solubility can not be increased by increasing the reaction temperature, so that the problem of blockage is solved.
In order to overcome the defects in the existing production process, a novel catalyst needs to be developed, so that ethylene tetramerization reaction can be carried out at a higher temperature, and more byproducts can not be generated, thereby solving the problem of equipment pipeline blockage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature-resistant ethylene tetramerization catalyst and application thereof, and the method is used for preparing 1-octene by using a chromium-based catalyst system to enable ethylene to carry out tetramerization reaction with high selectivity at a higher temperature.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high temperature resistant ethylene tetramerization catalyst comprises a chromium source, a cocatalyst and a ligand, wherein the ligand has the structure that:
X represents hydrogen or a residue of an amino acid (residue of an amino acid refers to a group other than CH (COOH) (NH 2) in an amino acid), preferably -H、-CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3、-CH2(C6H5)、-CH2(C6H4)OH、-CH2CH2COOH、-(CH2)4NH2、-CH2CH2CONH2、CH2CH2SCH3、-CH2OH、-CH2SH;
N is 0 to 2;
Z represents H or HN (R 1)(R2)(R3), wherein R 1、R2、R3 respectively represent the same or different alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; preferably H, HNEt 3;
Preferably, the ligand is prepared by reacting amino acid with diphenyl phosphorus chloride; the method comprises the following steps: mixing amino acid and diphenyl phosphorus chloride in a solvent according to a molar ratio of 1:1.8-2.2, reducing the temperature of the mixed solution to-5 ℃, optionally, dropwise adding organic amine into the mixed solution, after the dropwise adding is finished, keeping the temperature of-5 ℃ for reacting for 0.5-2 h, and then heating to 25-35 ℃ for reacting for 1-4 h. The ligand is obtained after post-treatment and purification;
In the present invention, the amino acid may be not only various natural amino acids, but also unnatural amino acids such as β -aminopropionic acid.
Preferably, the amino acid is selected from one or more of glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, glutamic acid, lysine, methionine, cysteine, beta-aminopropionic acid;
Preferably, the solvent is an aprotic solvent, including one or more of dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, DMF; particularly preferably, the solvent is methylene chloride;
Preferably, the organic amine is N (R 1)(R2)(R3), wherein R 1、R2、R3 each represents the same or different alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; NEt 3 is preferred;
Preferably, the organic amine is added in an amount of 2 to 5 times the molar amount of the amino acid used.
Preferably, the chromium source is selected from one or more of chromium chloride, chromium tri (tetrahydrofuran) trichloride, chromium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate, chromium acetylacetonate, chromium hexacarbonyl;
PNP ligands adopted by Sasol corporation are neutral ligands, and the ligand and the central metal Cr only form a catalyst through coordination. This coordination is disrupted under high temperature conditions and the ligand dissociates from the metal, resulting in catalyst failure.
In the invention, carboxyl anions are introduced on the P-N-P ligand skeleton, so that electrostatic interaction is also carried out between the ligand and the central metal besides coordination, the combination of the ligand and the central metal is enhanced, and the catalyst can resist higher temperature.
In the invention, the cocatalyst is selected from one or more of trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, methylaluminoxane, modified methylaluminoxane and ethylaluminoxane; preferably methylaluminoxane or modified methylaluminoxane.
In the present invention, the molar ratio of the ligand to Cr is 1:1 to 10:1, preferably 2:1 to 5:1.
In the invention, the molar ratio of Al to Cr in the cocatalyst is 100:1:1000:1, preferably 200:1-300:1.
The invention also provides application of the catalyst in ethylene tetramerization reaction.
The ligand, the chromium source and the cocatalyst can be mixed and preset into a catalyst and then added into the ethylene oligomerization reaction, or can be added respectively in the oligomerization reaction process without being prepared in advance.
Furthermore, the catalyst is used in ethylene tetramerization reaction, and the reaction can be polymerized in a stainless steel reaction kettle. Firstly, heating a reaction kettle to 110-130 ℃ before reaction, vacuumizing for 2-4h, replacing nitrogen for three times during the period, cooling to room temperature, adding a dehydrated and deoxidized reaction solvent and a cocatalyst, stirring, adding a ligand and a chromium source after the temperature is constant, and reacting at 40-120 ℃ and 2-6 MPaG. Then, the ethylene inlet valve is closed, the temperature is rapidly reduced by using a low-temperature circulating water bath, the pressure is slowly released, and the ethylene tetramerization product is obtained after discharging the kettle.
Further, the mass concentration of the chromium source in the system is 5-15 mu mol/L based on chromium atoms.
Further, the reaction time of ethylene tetramerization reaction is 10min-60min.
Further, the reaction solvent is one or more of n-pentane, cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, methylenecyclopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, n-heptane and isooctane, preferably methylcyclohexane.
Compared with the prior art, the catalyst has excellent high temperature resistance, can effectively reduce the blockage of equipment pipelines by polymers, can still maintain higher 1-octene selectivity at a high temperature of 120 ℃, and has low polymer content.
Detailed Description
The process according to the invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, but the invention is not limited to the examples listed but encompasses any other known modifications within the scope of the claims.
Gas Chromatography (GC): model Agilent WAX 1701.42249; the carrier gas is high-purity nitrogen; the sample injection mode is an automatic sample injector; the nitrogen flow is 64.5ml/min; the temperature of the vaporization chamber is 280 ℃; split sample introduction, wherein the split ratio is 1:40; the sample injection amount is 0.2 mu l; the column flow rate was 1.5ml/min; the column temperature is first-order programmed temperature, the initial temperature is 50 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2 minutes, then the temperature is increased to 250 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes; the detector temperature was 300 ℃; the external standard method is selected for quantification and is used for quantitative analysis of 1-octene, 1-hexene and other oligomerization short-chain products.
Nuclear magnetic analysis (NMR): model Bruke Fourier 300. For qualitative analysis of ligands.
PNP ligand 1 preparation
Glycine (0.1 mol) and diphenyl phosphorus chloride (0.21 mol) are added into 100mL of dichloromethane under the protection of nitrogen, stirred, cooled to-5 ℃, triethylamine (0.5 mol) is added, and after the reaction is carried out for 1h at-5 ℃, the temperature is raised to 35 ℃ for reaction for 1h. And after the reaction is finished, filtering while the reaction is hot, and removing the solvent from the filtrate to obtain a crude product solid. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent is a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:20) to give ligand 1. 31 P NMR: delta (CDCl 3): 46.8 (s).
PNP ligand 2 preparation
Alanine (0.1 mol) and diphenyl phosphorus chloride (0.21 mol) were added to 100mL of methylene chloride under nitrogen protection, stirred, cooled to 0 ℃, tripropylamine (0.4 mol) was added, and after reaction at 0 ℃ for 0.5h, the temperature was raised to 25 ℃ for 4h. And after the reaction is finished, filtering while the reaction is hot, and removing the solvent from the filtrate to obtain a crude product solid. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent is a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:20) to give ligand 2. 31 P NMR: delta (CDCl 3): 46.2 (s).
PNP ligand 3 preparation
Beta-aminopropionic acid (0.1 mol) and diphenyl phosphorus chloride (0.21 mol) are added into 100mL of dichloromethane under the protection of nitrogen, stirred, cooled to 5 ℃, N-diethyl methylamine (0.2 mol) is added, and after the reaction is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 5 ℃, the temperature is raised to 30 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours. After the reaction, 1N dilute hydrochloric acid is added dropwise to the reaction solution until the pH is 6.5, the solution is filtered while the solution is hot, and the solvent is removed from the filtrate to obtain a crude product solid. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent is a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:20) to give ligand 3. 31 P NMR: delta (CDCl 3): 49.8 (s).
PNP ligand 4 preparation
Valine (0.1 mol) and diphenyl phosphorus chloride (0.21 mol) are added into 100mL of dichloromethane under the protection of nitrogen, stirred, cooled to 0 ℃, trihexylamine (0.3 mol) is added, and after the reaction is carried out for 1h at the temperature of 0 ℃, the temperature is raised to 30 ℃ for reflux reaction for 3h. And after the reaction is finished, filtering while the reaction is hot, and removing the solvent from the filtrate to obtain a crude product solid. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent is a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:20) to give ligand 4. 31 P NMR: delta (CDCl 3): 45.5 (s).
Comparative PNP ligand preparation
Isopropylamine (0.1 mol) and diphenyl phosphorus chloride (0.21 mol) were added to 100mL of methylene chloride under nitrogen protection, stirred, cooled to-5 ℃, triethylamine (0.5 mol) was added, and after reaction at-5 ℃ for 1 hour, the temperature was raised to 35 ℃ for 1 hour. And after the reaction is finished, filtering while the reaction is hot, and removing the solvent from the filtrate to obtain a crude product solid. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent is a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:20) to give the reference ligand 5. 31 P NMR: delta (CDCl 3): 48.2 (s).
Example 1
Before the reaction, 500mL of the reaction vessel was heated to 120℃and evacuated for 2 hours, nitrogen was replaced three times during the reaction, and after the temperature was cooled to room temperature, 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane and modified methylaluminoxane (0.5 mmol of Al) were added, stirred, ligand 1 (1. Mu. Mol) and chromium trichloride (1. Mu. Mol) were added, and the reaction was carried out at 40℃and 6MPaG for 10 minutes. Then, the ethylene inlet valve is closed, the temperature is rapidly reduced by using a low-temperature circulating water bath, the pressure is slowly released, and the ethylene tetramerization product is obtained after discharging the kettle. The polymer by-products were collected by filtration, dried overnight and weighed. The selectivity and activity were calculated from GC analysis data and polymer mass. The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized n-heptane and methylaluminoxane (1 mmol of Al) were added, stirred, and ligand 2 (10. Mu. Mol) and chromium acetylacetonate (1. Mu. Mol) were added to conduct a reaction at 40℃and a pressure of 5MPaG for 10 minutes.
Example 3
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized isooctane, methylaluminoxane (0.1 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, and ligand 3 (2. Mu. Mol) and chromium (1. Mu. Mol) tri (tetrahydrofuran) trichloride were added thereto to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 60℃and a pressure of 4MPaG for 20 minutes.
Example 4
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized n-hexane, modified methylaluminoxane (0.2 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, and ligand 4 (5. Mu. Mol) and chromium 2-ethylhexanoate (1. Mu. Mol) were added thereto to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 60℃and a pressure of 3MPaG for 20 minutes.
Example 5
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized cyclohexane and modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) were added, stirred, and ligand 4 (3. Mu. Mol) and chromium tri (tetrahydrofuran) trichloride (1. Mu. Mol) were added to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 80℃and a pressure of 2MPaG for 20 minutes.
Example 6
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane, modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, and ligand 4 (4. Mu. Mol) and chromium 2-ethylhexanoate (1. Mu. Mol) were added thereto to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 80℃and a pressure of 2MPaG for 30 minutes.
Example 7
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane, modified methylaluminoxane (0.2 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, and ligand 2 (2. Mu. Mol) and chromium trichloride (1. Mu. Mol) were added thereto to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 100℃and a pressure of 3MPaG for 30 minutes.
Example 8
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane and modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) were added, stirred, and ligand 1 (3. Mu. Mol) and chromium acetylacetonate (0.9. Mu. Mol) were added to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 100℃and a pressure of 4MPaG for 20 minutes.
Example 9
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane, modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, ligand 3 (4. Mu. Mol) and chromium 2-ethylhexanoate (1.1. Mu. Mol) were added thereto, and the reaction was carried out at a temperature of 120℃and a pressure of 5MPaG for 10 minutes.
Example 10
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane, modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, and ligand 2 (5. Mu. Mol) and chromium trichloride (1. Mu. Mol) were added thereto to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 120℃and a pressure of 6MPaG for 20 minutes.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane, modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, and comparative ligand 5 (4. Mu. Mol) and chromium 2-ethylhexanoate (1. Mu. Mol) were added thereto to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 120℃and a pressure of 5MPaG for 10 minutes.
Comparative example 2
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized methylcyclohexane and modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) were added, stirred, and then, comparative ligand 5 (3. Mu. Mol) and chromium acetylacetonate (1. Mu. Mol) were added, and the mixture was reacted at 100℃and 4MPaG under a pressure for 20 minutes.
Comparative example 3
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that: 100mL of dehydrated and deoxidized cyclohexane, modified methylaluminoxane (0.3 mmol of Al) was added thereto, stirred, and a comparative ligand 5 (3. Mu. Mol) and chromium (1. Mu. Mol) tri (tetrahydrofuran) trichloride were added thereto to conduct a reaction at a temperature of 80℃and a pressure of 2MPaG for 20 minutes.
The experimental results of each example and comparative example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
All modifications and equivalent substitutions to the technical proposal of the invention are included in the protection scope of the invention without departing from the scope of the technical proposal of the invention.
Claims (22)
1. The high temperature resistant ethylene tetramerization catalyst comprises a chromium source, a cocatalyst and a ligand, and is characterized in that the ligand has the structure as follows:
X represents hydrogen or the residue of an amino acid, and n is 0 to 2;
Z represents H or HN (R 1)(R2)(R3), wherein R 1、R2、R3 each represents the same or different alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
2. The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein X represents -H、-CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH2CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3、-CH2(C6H5)、-CH2(C6H4)OH、-CH2CH2COOH、-(CH2)4NH2、-CH2CH2CONH2、CH2CH2SCH3、-CH2OH、-CH2SH.
3. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein Z represents H, HNEt 3.
4. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein the ligand is prepared by reacting an amino acid with diphenyl phosphorus chloride; the method comprises the following steps: mixing amino acid and diphenyl phosphorus chloride in a solvent according to a molar ratio of 1:1.8-2.2, dropping organic amine into the mixed solution after the mixed solution is cooled to-5 ℃, keeping the temperature of-5 ℃ for reaction for 0.5-2 h after the dropping is finished, heating to 25-35 ℃ for reaction for 1-4 h, and obtaining the ligand after post-treatment and purification.
5. The catalyst of claim 4, wherein the amino acid is selected from one or more of glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, glutamic acid, lysine, methionine, cysteine, and β -aminopropionic acid.
6. The catalyst of claim 4, wherein the solvent is an aprotic solvent comprising one or more of dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, DMF.
7. The catalyst of claim 6, wherein the solvent is methylene chloride.
8. The catalyst of claim 4 wherein the organic amine is N (R 1)(R2)(R3) and wherein R 1、R2、R3 each represent the same or different alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
9. The catalyst of claim 8 wherein the organic amine is NEt 3.
10. The catalyst according to claim 4, wherein the organic amine is added in an amount of 2 to 5 times the molar amount of the amino acid used.
11. The catalyst of claim 4, wherein the chromium source is selected from one or more of chromium chloride, chromium tri (tetrahydrofuran) trichloride, chromium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate, chromium acetylacetonate, and chromium hexacarbonyl.
12. The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the cocatalyst is selected from one or more of trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, methylaluminoxane, modified methylaluminoxane, ethylaluminoxane.
13. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the cocatalyst is methylaluminoxane or a modified methylaluminoxane.
14. The catalyst of claim 1, wherein the ligand to Cr molar ratio is 1:1 to 10:1.
15. The catalyst of claim 14, wherein the ligand to Cr molar ratio is from 2:1 to 5:1.
16. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of Al to Cr in the promoter is 100:1:1000:1.
17. The catalyst of claim 16 wherein the molar ratio of Al to Cr in the promoter is from 200:1 to 300:1.
18. Use of a catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the catalyst is used in ethylene tetramerisation reactions.
19. The use according to claim 18, wherein the ligand, the chromium source and the cocatalyst are mixed and pre-formulated as a catalyst prior to addition to the ethylene oligomerization reaction, or are not pre-formulated and are added separately during the oligomerization reaction.
20. The use according to claim 18 or 19, the preparation method of the ethylene tetramerisation reaction is: heating the reaction kettle to 110-130 ℃ before the reaction, vacuumizing for 2-4h, replacing nitrogen for three times during the period, cooling to room temperature, adding a dehydrated and deoxidized reaction solvent and a cocatalyst, stirring, adding a ligand and a chromium source after the temperature is constant, and reacting at 40-120 ℃ and 2-6 MPaG; then, the ethylene inlet valve is closed, the temperature is rapidly reduced by using a low-temperature circulating water bath, the pressure is slowly released, and the ethylene tetramerization product is obtained after discharging the kettle.
21. Use according to claim 20, wherein the reaction time of ethylene tetramerisation is between 10min and 60min.
22. The use according to claim 20, wherein the reaction solvent is one or more of n-pentane, cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, methylenecyclopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, n-heptane, isooctane.
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