CN115670587A - Ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic scalpel - Google Patents
Ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic scalpel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115670587A CN115670587A CN202110875155.XA CN202110875155A CN115670587A CN 115670587 A CN115670587 A CN 115670587A CN 202110875155 A CN202110875155 A CN 202110875155A CN 115670587 A CN115670587 A CN 115670587A
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Abstract
The application provides an ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic scalpel, ultrasonic transducer include first piezoelectricity brilliant heap, second piezoelectricity brilliant heap, in become width of cloth pole, output width of cloth pole and fixed part: the first piezoelectric crystal stack is connected with the second piezoelectric crystal stack in parallel, the first piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the first end of the middle amplitude transformer, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the second end of the middle amplitude transformer and the output amplitude transformer; the output amplitude transformer is used for connecting an external scalpel head; the end face area of the first end of the middle horn is larger than that of the second end of the middle horn; the fixed component is fixedly connected with the output amplitude transformer through the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack and the middle amplitude transformer; the first piezoelectric crystal stack and the second piezoelectric crystal stack generate a first mechanical wave and a second mechanical wave under the excitation of high-frequency voltage; the second mechanical wave is used for increasing the amplitude of the first mechanical wave, and the energy conversion efficiency of the transducer can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic scalpel.
Background
Ultrasonic surgery has become more and more widely used in the biomedical field since the 90 s of the 20 th century. The development of efficient and flexible ultrasonic scalpels has become a hotspot of research in related fields. The prior ultrasonic scalpel is mainly applied to the aspects of cataract emulsification, liver and gall tumor attraction, liposuction beauty, bone cutting, blood coagulation cutting and the like. The application range of the ultrasonic cutting hemostatic knife is wide, the ultrasonic transducer is utilized to enable the metal knife head to carry out mechanical oscillation at the frequency of 55.5kHz, so that water in tissue cells in contact with the metal knife head is vaporized, protein hydrogen bonds are broken, the cells are disintegrated, the tissue is cut or solidified, and then blood vessels are sealed, and the purpose of hemostasis is achieved. Under the condition that other conditions are not changed, the larger the amplitude of the ultrasonic scalpel is, the higher the conversion efficiency of the ultrasonic transducer is, and the operation speed of the operation can be improved by increasing the amplitude of the ultrasonic scalpel.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic scalpel, in which the energy conversion efficiency of the ultrasonic transducer is higher and the amplitude is larger.
The ultrasonic transducer provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a first piezoelectric crystal stack, a second piezoelectric crystal stack, an intermediate variable amplitude rod, an output variable amplitude rod and a fixed component, wherein the first piezoelectric crystal stack is arranged on the upper surface of the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack is arranged on the lower surface of the second piezoelectric crystal stack, the intermediate variable amplitude rod is arranged on the lower surface of the second piezoelectric crystal stack, the output variable amplitude rod is arranged on the intermediate variable amplitude rod, and the fixed component comprises:
the first piezoelectric crystal stack is connected with the second piezoelectric crystal stack in parallel, the first piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the first end of the middle variable amplitude rod, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the second end of the middle variable amplitude rod; the second end of the second piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the first end of the output amplitude transformer; the second end of the output amplitude transformer is used for being connected with an external scalpel head; the end surface area of the first end of the middle horn is larger than that of the second end; the fixed component is fixedly connected with the output amplitude transformer through the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack and the middle amplitude transformer;
the first piezoelectric crystal stack generates first mechanical waves under the excitation of high-frequency voltage, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack generates second mechanical waves under the excitation of the high-frequency voltage; the second mechanical wave is used to increase the amplitude of the first mechanical wave.
In some embodiments, the fixed component of the ultrasonic transducer is fixedly connected with the output amplitude transformer by sequentially passing through the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack and the intermediate amplitude transformer;
the fixing part comprises a stress bolt, an insulating sleeve and a cover plate:
the insulating sleeve sequentially penetrates through the cover plate, the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack and the middle variable amplitude rod; and a screw rod of the stress bolt penetrates through the insulating sleeve to be fixedly connected with the first end of the output amplitude transformer.
In some embodiments, the length of the intermediate amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic transducer is determined according to the multiple of half wavelength of the first mechanical wave and the length of the fixed component, and the excitation modes of the first piezoelectric crystal stack and the second piezoelectric crystal stack are determined according to the length of the intermediate amplitude transformer, so that the wave crest of the first mechanical wave and the wave crest of the second mechanical wave are coincident; the excitation modes include in-phase excitation and anti-phase excitation.
In some embodiments, the polarization direction of the first piezoelectric crystal stack and the polarization direction of the second piezoelectric crystal stack in the ultrasonic transducer are matched with the excitation of the high-frequency voltage input to the first piezoelectric crystal stack and the phase difference of the high-frequency voltage input to the second piezoelectric crystal stack, so that the vibration modes of the first piezoelectric crystal stack pole and the second piezoelectric crystal stack are opposite, and the first piezoelectric crystal stack pole and the second piezoelectric crystal stack are in a relaxation-contraction mode.
In some embodiments, the output amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic transducer is provided with a mounting component, and the mounting component is used for connecting an external frame; the mounting part is provided with a plurality of resistance reducing holes so as to reduce the inhibiting effect of an external frame on the vibration of the output amplitude transformer.
In some embodiments, the mounting component of the ultrasonic transducer comprises a plurality of connecting bridges and connecting rings, the connecting bridges are arranged along the circumferential direction of the output amplitude transformer, and one end of each connecting bridge is fixedly connected with the output amplitude transformer, and the other end of each connecting bridge is fixedly connected with the connecting ring; and the two adjacent connecting bridges form the drag reduction hole.
In some embodiments, a wrench clamping block is disposed on the mounting member of the ultrasonic transducer, and is engaged with an external disassembling tool through the wrench clamping block.
In some embodiments, in the ultrasonic transducer, a plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators are arranged in a first piezoelectric crystal stack and connected in parallel, and a plurality of second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators are arranged in a second piezoelectric crystal stack and connected in parallel.
In some embodiments, the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators and the number of the second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators in the ultrasonic transducer are two.
In some embodiments, there is also provided an ultrasonic surgical blade comprising: ultrasonic transducer and scalpel tool bit, ultrasonic transducer with the scalpel tool bit is connected, ultrasonic transducer be ultrasonic transducer.
This application the embodiment is divided into two piezoelectric crystal piles through first amplitude transformer with former piezoelectric ceramic pile, and simultaneously, the amplitude grow of the first mechanical wave that first piezoelectric crystal pile produced on the one hand of first amplitude transformer, and on the other hand, the phase place when first mechanical wave and second mechanical wave overlap has been adjusted in setting up of first amplitude transformer, make the amplitude after first mechanical wave and the second mechanical wave overlap bigger, thereby the amplitude of the mechanical wave of output amplitude transformer output has been improved, energy conversion efficiency has been increased, be favorable to promoting the operating efficiency of ultrasonic scalpel.
Furthermore, a plurality of resistance reducing holes are formed in the mounting part of the ultrasonic transducer, so that the connection relation between the transducer and the external frame is changed from complete rigid connection to partial rigid connection, the energy loss caused by the thickness of the flange ring and the resistance of the external frame when the transducer works is reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency of the transducer is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a langevin transducer of the type described in the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an assembly of an ultrasonic transducer according to the present application;
FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the ultrasonic transducer of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the ultrasonic transducer of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mounting structure of an ultrasonic transducer according to the present application;
FIG. 6 shows simulation results of an ultrasound transducer according to the present application;
FIG. 7 shows simulation results for a conventional transducer as described in the present application;
FIG. 8 shows the results of a harmonic response simulation analysis of an ultrasonic transducer according to the present application;
FIG. 9 shows the results of a harmonic response simulation analysis of a conventional transducer as described herein;
FIG. 10 shows impedance simulation results for an ultrasound transducer as described herein;
fig. 11 shows the results of impedance simulations of a conventional transducer as described in the present application.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. a piezoelectric ceramic stack; 2. langevin type pre-tightened bolts; 3. langevin type rear cover plate; 4. a Langzhiwan horn; 5. langevin type mounting flanges; 6. a first piezoelectric crystal stack; 6-1, a first piezoelectric ceramic vibrator; 6-2, a first electrode plate; 7. a second piezoelectric crystal stack; 7-1, a second piezoelectric ceramic vibrator; 7-2, a second electrode slice; 8. a middle variable amplitude transformer; 9. outputting a horn; 10. a fixing member; 10-1, stress bolts; 10-2, an insulating sleeve; 10-3, a cover plate; 11. a mounting member; 11-1, connecting bridge; 11-2, connecting rings; 11-3, drag reduction holes; 11-4, a wrench clamping block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the drawings in the present application are only for illustration and description purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Additionally, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
In addition, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of the present application to indicate the presence of the features stated hereinafter, but does not exclude the addition of further features. The terms "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present application are used for distinguishing and not for indicating the importance of the embodiments.
Ultrasonic surgery has become more and more widely used in the biomedical field since the 90 s of the 20 th century. The development of efficient and flexible ultrasonic scalpels has become a hotspot of research in related fields. The prior ultrasonic scalpel is mainly applied to the aspects of cataract emulsification, liver and gall tumor attraction, liposuction beauty, bone cutting, blood coagulation cutting and the like. The application range of the ultrasonic cutting hemostatic knife is wide, the ultrasonic transducer is utilized to enable the metal knife head to carry out mechanical oscillation at the frequency of 55.5kHz, so that water in tissue cells in contact with the metal knife head is vaporized, protein hydrogen bonds are broken, the cells are disintegrated, the tissue is cut or solidified, and then blood vessels are sealed, and the purpose of hemostasis is achieved. The structure of the ultrasonic transducer used in the present ultrasonic scalpel is a langevin type transducer, and the structure is shown in fig. 1.
The working principle of the langevin transducer is as follows: the ceramic vibrators in the piezoelectric ceramic stack 1 are connected in parallel, when a sinusoidal excitation voltage is applied to two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic stack 1, the piezoelectric ceramic stack 1 will generate high-frequency vibration with the same frequency according to the frequency of the excitation voltage, and when the frequency of the excitation voltage is close to the natural frequency of the langevin transducer, the langevin transducer is integrally (a langevin pre-tightening bolt 2, a langevin rear cover plate 3, a langevin amplitude transformer 4 and a langevin mounting flange 5) resonates, so that the vibration amplitude is larger. The langevin transducer belongs to a single excitation transducer, as shown in fig. 1, that is, only one group of piezoelectric ceramic stacks 1 is adopted, and the langevin transducer is excited to resonate integrally.
Based on the fact that the conventional langevin transducer type ultrasonic scalpel is low in energy conversion efficiency and small in amplitude of output mechanical waves, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present application provides an ultrasonic transducer, which comprises a first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, a second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, an intermediate amplitude transformer 8, an output amplitude transformer 9 and a fixing component 10:
the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 is connected with the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 in parallel, the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 is connected with the first end of the middle amplitude transformer 8 in a contact manner, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is connected with the second end of the middle amplitude transformer 8 in a contact manner; the second end of the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is in contact connection with the first end of the output amplitude transformer 9; the second end of the output amplitude transformer 9 is used for connecting an external scalpel head; the end surface area of the first end of the middle horn 8 is larger than that of the second end; the fixed component 10 is fixedly connected with the output amplitude transformer 9 through the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 and the middle amplitude transformer 8;
the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 generates a first mechanical wave under the excitation of high-frequency voltage, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 generates a second mechanical wave under the excitation of high-frequency voltage; the second mechanical wave is used to increase the amplitude of the first mechanical wave.
The high frequency voltage is a concept in physics, and generally speaking, the low frequency is 50HZ to 300HZ, the medium and low frequency is 300HZ to 1250HZ, the medium frequency is 1250HZ to 3300HZ, the medium and high frequency is 3300HZ to 6500HZ, and the high frequency is 6500HZ or more. The purpose of the ultrasonic transducer is to mechanically oscillate the metal tool tip at a frequency of 55.5kHz, and therefore, the frequency of the high-frequency voltage input to the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is 55.5kHz.
The first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 generates a first mechanical wave under the excitation of a high-frequency voltage, which means that when the high-frequency voltage is applied to two ends of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 will generate high-frequency vibration with the same frequency according to the frequency of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6; similarly, the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 generates the second mechanical wave under the excitation of the high-frequency voltage, which means that when the high-frequency voltage is applied to two ends of the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 will generate the high-frequency vibration with the same frequency according to the frequency of the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7.
Since the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are connected in parallel, the vibration frequency of the first mechanical wave generated by the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the vibration frequency of the second mechanical wave generated by the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are the same.
The working principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 generates a first mechanical wave under the excitation of high-frequency voltage, the intermediate horn 8 transmits the first mechanical wave to the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, and the area of the end face of the first end of the intermediate horn 8 is larger than that of the end face of the second end, so that the amplitude of the first mechanical wave output by the intermediate horn 8 is larger than that of the first mechanical wave input to the intermediate horn 8; the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 generates second mechanical waves under the excitation of high-frequency voltage, the second mechanical waves are superposed with the first mechanical waves output by the middle amplitude transformer 8, the amplitude of the first mechanical waves is increased again, the superposed mechanical waves are output by the output amplitude transformer 9, and the scalpel head is driven to perform high-frequency vibration according to the amplitude of the superposed mechanical waves, so that the operation is completed efficiently.
This application the embodiment, pile 1 with former piezoceramics through first amplitude transformer and divide into two piezoelectric crystal piles, constitute two excitation transducers, and simultaneously, the amplitude grow of the first mechanical wave that first piezoelectric crystal pile 6 produced on the one hand of first amplitude transformer, and on the other hand, the phase place when first mechanical wave and second mechanical wave overlap has been adjusted in setting up of first amplitude transformer, the amplitude after messenger's first mechanical wave and second mechanical wave overlap is bigger, thereby the amplitude of the mechanical wave of output amplitude transformer 9 output has been improved, energy conversion efficiency has been increased, be favorable to promoting the operating efficiency of ultrasonic scalpel.
In the embodiment of the application, the end surface area of the first end of the middle horn 8 is larger than that of the second end; therefore, the section of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 is matched with the end face of the first end of the middle amplitude transformer 8, the section of the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is matched with the end face of the second end of the middle amplitude transformer 8, the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 is in contact connection with the end face of the first end of the middle amplitude transformer 8, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is in contact connection with the end face of the second end of the middle amplitude transformer 8; so that the mechanical waves generated by the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 can be stably transmitted to the output amplitude transformer 9.
The size of the cross section of the piezoelectric crystal stack, namely the size of the ceramic vibrator in the piezoelectric crystal stack, influences the value of the resonant frequency of the transducer, and the design can better meet the requirement of the resonant frequency of 55 khz.
Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the fixing member 10 passes through the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, and the intermediate horn 8 in sequence to be fixedly connected to the output horn 9;
the fixing part 10 comprises a stress bolt 10-1, an insulating sleeve 10-2 and a cover plate 10-3:
the insulating sleeve 10-2 sequentially penetrates through the cover plate 10-3, the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 and the middle amplitude transformer 8; the screw of the stress bolt 10-1 penetrates through the insulating sleeve 10-2 and is fixedly connected with the first end of the output amplitude transformer 9.
The fixing component 10 is simple in structure, and the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, the middle amplitude transformer 8 and the output amplitude transformer 9 which are assembled by the fixing component 10 are compact in structure.
In the embodiment of the application, the length of the intermediate horn 8 in the ultrasonic transducer is determined according to the multiple of the half wavelength of the first mechanical wave and the length of the fixed part 10, and the excitation modes of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are determined according to the length of the intermediate horn 8, so that the wave crest of the first mechanical wave and the wave crest of the second mechanical wave are superposed; the excitation modes include in-phase excitation and anti-phase excitation.
The length of the intermediate amplitude transformer 8 inserted between the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is about integral multiple of half-wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 or the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, and the length of the intermediate amplitude transformer 8 needs to be determined by combining the length of the fixing part 10, so that the specification requirement of the ultrasonic scalpel is met.
Specifically, if the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric crystal stacks are the same and the length of the middle amplitude transformer 8 is odd times of half wavelength, the two piezoelectric crystal stacks need to be excited in opposite phases so that the wave peak of the first mechanical wave and the wave peak of the second mechanical wave coincide to form a double-excitation transducer, and the amplitude of the mechanical wave output by the transducer can be improved to the greatest extent, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the transducer is improved.
In the embodiment of the present application, the polarization direction of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the polarization direction of the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are matched with the phase difference between the high-frequency voltage excitation input to the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the high-frequency voltage excitation input to the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, so that the vibration modes of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are opposite, and the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are in a relaxation-contraction mode.
Specifically, a plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 6-1 are arranged in the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, the first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 6-1 are connected in parallel, a plurality of second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 7-1 are arranged in the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7, the second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 7-1 are connected in parallel, the ceramic vibrators in the single piezoelectric crystal stack are connected in parallel, the amplitude of high-frequency voltage input into the piezoelectric crystal stack can be reduced, and therefore the energy conversion efficiency of the transducer is improved.
Specifically, the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 comprises a plurality of first electrode plates 6-2, and the first electrode plates 6-2 are used for realizing the parallel connection of the first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 6-1; the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 comprises a plurality of second electrode plates 7-2, and the second electrode plates 7-2 are used for realizing the parallel connection of the second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 7-1.
In the embodiment of the present application, specifically, the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 6-1 and the number of the second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 7-1 are both two.
The number of the first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 6-1 and the number of the second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators 7-1 can influence the amplitude and the resonant frequency of the ultrasonic scalpel and is limited by the specification and the size of the ultrasonic scalpel, so that preferably, 4 ceramic vibrators in the piezoelectric ceramic stack 1 of the traditional ultrasonic scalpel are equally divided into two groups, and the resonant frequency and the amplitude of the ultrasonic transducer can meet the requirements of the ultrasonic scalpel.
As shown in fig. 2, the left first piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 6-1 in the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the left second piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 7-1 in the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are both polarized in the positive direction, and the right first piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 6-1 in the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the right second piezoelectric ceramic vibrator 7-1 in the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are both polarized in the negative direction; the phase difference of the input voltages in the first piezoelectric crystal pile 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal pile 7 is 180 degrees, namely, the electrodes of the two piezoelectric crystal piles are reversely connected in actual use. The vibration modes of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are opposite, and the vibration mechanism formed by the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is in a relaxation-contraction mode. According to the classical fluctuation theory, if the intermediate connection structure between the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 is regarded as a straight rod, when the length of the intermediate connection structure is an integral multiple of half-wavelength, the two ends of the intermediate connection structure are the positions with maximum amplitude. At this time, the piezoelectric crystal stacks on the left and right of the intermediate connection structure can realize longitudinal push-pull effect at the two ends of the intermediate connection structure, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the transducer is further improved through the matching of the polarization direction of the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6, the polarization direction of the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 and the excitation mode of high-frequency voltage, and the amplitude of the mechanical wave output by the output amplitude transformer 9 is improved.
When the transducer is mounted on an external frame, the transducer is usually fixed on the frame through a mounting flange, and a conventional mounting flange is shown in fig. 1, and the flange is solid and has a certain thickness, so when the transducer resonates in a pure axial direction, the mounting flange is fixed on the frame, and therefore resistance is generated on the transducer, and therefore the amplitude and the electromechanical conversion efficiency of the transducer during longitudinal vibration are reduced.
Based on this, as shown in fig. 5, in the ultrasonic transducer according to the embodiment of the present application, a mounting component 11 is disposed on the output horn 9, and the mounting component 11 is used for connecting an external frame; the mounting part 11 is provided with a plurality of resistance reducing holes 11-3 so as to reduce the inhibition effect of an external frame on the vibration of the output amplitude transformer 9.
The arrangement of the resistance reducing holes 11-3 changes the connection relationship between the transducer and the external frame from complete rigid connection to partial rigid connection, thereby reducing energy loss caused by the thickness of the flange ring and the resistance of the external frame when the transducer works and further improving the energy conversion efficiency of the transducer.
Specifically, the mounting component 11 comprises a plurality of connecting bridges 11-1 and a connecting ring 11-2, the connecting bridges 11-1 are circumferentially arranged along the output amplitude transformer 9, uniform ends of the connecting bridges 11-1 are fixedly connected with the output amplitude transformer 9, and the other ends of the connecting bridges 11-2 are fixedly connected with the connecting ring 11-2; the drag reduction holes 11-3 are formed between the two adjacent connecting bridges 11-1.
The connecting bridges 11-1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the output amplitude transformer 9, so that the stress of the amplitude transformer is more uniform, the transducer is prevented from rotating, and the connecting strength between the transducer and an external frame is considered while complete rigid connection is converted into partial rigid connection. Meanwhile, the resistance reducing holes 11-3 are formed between the two adjacent connecting bridges 11-1, and the area of each resistance reducing hole 11-3 is larger, so that the external frame has a smaller inhibiting effect on the vibration of the output amplitude transformer 9.
The mounting flange of the transducer is generally designed in a disc shape to fit the frame, which is not conducive to mounting, pre-tightening (without wrench location) and maintenance and removal of the transducer.
Based on this, the mounting part 11 is provided with a wrench clamping block 11-4 and is matched with an external disassembling tool through the wrench clamping block 11-4.
In this embodiment, specifically, the wrench clamping block 11-4 is disposed on the end face of the right side of the connection ring 11-2, and the wrench clamping block 11-4 conforms to a clamping position of a wrench, so that the transducer can be conveniently mounted, pre-tightened (without a wrench position) and maintained and disassembled.
In this embodiment, 4 mounting holes are formed in the left side surface of the mounting member 11 for fixing the transducer.
In the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to the embodiment of the present application, the output horn 9 is made of an aluminum alloy material; the installation component 11 consisting of the connecting bridge 11-1 and the connecting ring 11-2 is integrated with the output amplitude transformer 9, so that the connection strength of the transducer and an external frame is further ensured.
The embodiment of the present application further provides an ultrasonic scalpel, including: ultrasonic transducer and scalpel bit, ultrasonic transducer with the scalpel bit is connected, ultrasonic transducer is this application ultrasonic transducer.
The following are simulation experimental results of the ultrasonic transducer and the conventional transducer described in the present application.
Fig. 6 is a simulation result of the ultrasonic transducer according to the present application, and fig. 7 is a simulation result of the conventional transducer.
As shown in fig. 6 and fig. 7, analysis of finite element simulation results shows that when the piezoelectric ceramic stack 1 is excited by a 55.5kHz high-frequency power supply, the resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transducer described in this application is 55.5kHz, the transducer as a whole generates pure axial vibration, at this time, the first piezoelectric crystal stack 6 and the second piezoelectric crystal stack 7 are located at a vibration node, and the output end of the transducer output amplitude transformer 9 is a maximum amplitude point.
Fig. 8 is a simulation analysis result of the harmonic response of the ultrasonic transducer according to the present application, and fig. 9 is a simulation analysis result of the harmonic response of the conventional transducer.
As shown in fig. 8 (simulation analysis of harmonic response of ultrasonic transducer described in this application) and fig. 9 (simulation analysis of harmonic response of conventional transducer), the amplitude of the output end of the output horn 9 of the ultrasonic transducer described in this application is 7.65 micrometers under the excitation of 10V high-frequency voltage, the amplitude of the output end of the conventional transducer under the excitation of 10V high-frequency voltage is 0.19 micrometers, and the amplitude of the output end of the output horn 9 of the ultrasonic transducer described in this application is forty times larger than that of the output end of the output horn 9 of the conventional transducer under the excitation of the same voltage; according to the analysis result, the conventional transducer needs a higher voltage to achieve the same effect as the ultrasonic transducer described in the present application. Therefore, the ultrasonic transducer divides the original piezoelectric crystal stack into two parts, two mechanical waves are reasonably superposed through the middle variable amplitude rod 8, the flange is designed to be partially in rigid contact through the method action of the middle variable amplitude rod 8, the energy loss at the fixed position is reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency of the transducer is effectively improved.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the simulation results of the impedance of the ultrasonic transducer according to the present application, and FIG. 11 is a graph showing the simulation results of the impedance of the conventional transducer;
as shown in fig. 10 (simulation result of impedance of the ultrasonic transducer described in the present application) and fig. 11 (simulation result of impedance of the conventional transducer), lg | Z | =0.5,z in the resonant state in fig. 11 is impedance, that is, Z =10^0.5=3.16 Ω, and the impedance of the conventional transducer in the resonant state is 3.16 Ω, and similarly, the impedance of the bimorph stack transducer in the resonant state is 2.4 Ω, and the result shows that the impedance of the bimorph stack transducer is smaller and the energy conversion efficiency is higher under the same effect.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic transducer, comprising a first piezoelectric crystal stack, a second piezoelectric crystal stack, an intermediate horn, an output horn and a fixed component:
the first piezoelectric crystal stack is connected with the second piezoelectric crystal stack in parallel, the first piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the first end of the middle variable amplitude rod, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the second end of the middle variable amplitude rod; the second end of the second piezoelectric crystal stack is in contact connection with the first end of the output amplitude transformer; the second end of the output amplitude transformer is used for being connected with an external scalpel head; the end surface area of the first end of the middle horn is larger than that of the second end; the fixed component is fixedly connected with the output amplitude transformer through the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack and the middle amplitude transformer;
the first piezoelectric crystal stack generates a first mechanical wave under the excitation of high-frequency voltage, and the second piezoelectric crystal stack generates a second mechanical wave under the excitation of the high-frequency voltage; the second mechanical wave is used to increase the amplitude of the first mechanical wave.
2. The ultrasonic transducer of claim 1, wherein the fixing component is fixedly connected with the output horn through the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack and the intermediate horn in sequence;
the fixing part comprises a stress bolt, an insulating sleeve and a cover plate:
the insulating sleeve sequentially penetrates through the cover plate, the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the second piezoelectric crystal stack and the middle variable amplitude rod; and a screw rod of the stress bolt penetrates through the insulating sleeve to be fixedly connected with the first end of the output amplitude transformer.
3. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 2, wherein the length of the intermediate amplitude transformer is determined according to the multiple of the half wavelength of the first mechanical wave and the length of the fixed component, and the first piezoelectric crystal stack and the second piezoelectric crystal stack are excited according to the length of the intermediate amplitude transformer, so that the peak of the first mechanical wave and the peak of the second mechanical wave coincide; the excitation modes include in-phase excitation and anti-phase excitation.
4. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the polarization direction of the first piezoelectric crystal stack, the polarization direction of the second piezoelectric crystal stack, the high-frequency voltage excitation input to the first piezoelectric crystal stack and the phase difference of the high-frequency voltage input to the second piezoelectric crystal stack are matched, so that the vibration modes of the first piezoelectric crystal stack pole and the second piezoelectric crystal stack are opposite, and the first piezoelectric crystal stack pole and the second piezoelectric crystal stack are in a relaxation-contraction mode.
5. The ultrasonic transducer of claim 1, wherein the output horn is provided with a mounting member for attachment to an external housing; the mounting part is provided with a plurality of resistance reducing holes so as to reduce the inhibiting effect of an external frame on the vibration of the output amplitude transformer.
6. The ultrasonic transducer of claim 5, wherein the mounting component comprises a plurality of connecting bridges and connecting rings, the connecting bridges are arranged along the circumferential direction of the output horn, and one ends of the connecting bridges are fixedly connected with the output horn, and the other ends of the connecting bridges are fixedly connected with the connecting rings; and the drag reduction holes are formed between the two adjacent connecting bridges.
7. The ultrasonic transducer of claim 5, wherein the mounting member is provided with a wrench clamping block, and is engaged with an external disassembling tool through the wrench clamping block.
8. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators are arranged in the first piezoelectric crystal stack and connected in parallel, and a plurality of second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators are arranged in the second piezoelectric crystal stack and connected in parallel.
9. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 8, wherein the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic vibrators and the number of the second piezoelectric ceramic vibrators are two.
10. An ultrasonic surgical blade, comprising: an ultrasonic transducer and a scalpel head, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the scalpel head, and the ultrasonic transducer is any one of the ultrasonic transducers in claims 1-9.
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| CN202110875155.XA CN115670587A (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic scalpel |
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| CN202110875155.XA CN115670587A (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic scalpel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114905284A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Maintenance device for in-situ maintenance of blade and operation method |
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2021
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114905284A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Maintenance device for in-situ maintenance of blade and operation method |
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