CN115669378A - Harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-moisture lodging crops with large feeding amount - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-feeding-amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops, which comprises a threshing device and a cleaning device, wherein the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder and a cleaning device; the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder, a concave sieve and a circular arc-shaped top plate; the threshing cylinder comprises two circular side plates and a plurality of cross connecting rods arranged between the two side plates, and a plurality of threshing teeth are arranged on each cross connecting rod in a scattered manner; the cross connecting rod is a bent rod, the two ends of the cross connecting rod are staggered by a preset angle in the circumferential direction of the side plate, and the projection of the cross connecting rod is a section of unclosed arc when viewed along the axial direction of the threshing cylinder. According to the threshing device, the slightly bent bridging rods with two staggered ends are arranged, so that the threshing teeth on the adjacent bridging rods sequentially act on materials, and the threshing teeth on the same bridging rod also sequentially act on the materials, so that the continuity of acting force exerted by the threshing teeth on the materials is greatly increased, the high-humidity materials can smoothly move forwards in the material channel, the blockage is reduced, the threshing effect is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops with large feeding amount

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural material threshing and cleaning, in particular to a large-feeding-amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops.

Background

Combine is carrying out the in-process of results to crops, can thresh and clean the material of results simultaneously, among the current combine, generally adopts threshing cylinder to thresh the material, and threshing cylinder arranges in by circular arc roof and concave sieve in the material passageway that centers on and form, is fixed with on the inner wall of circular arc roof and leads the grass strip, and threshing cylinder initiative rotation is beaten the material to make seed grain break away from the crops body, leads the tail end motion of grass strip messenger material to material passageway simultaneously.

CN101953257A provides a common threshing cylinder, which has a plurality of supporting rods arranged in a circumferential array, each supporting rod is fixed with threshing nail teeth, and the supporting rods are parallel to the rotation axis of the threshing cylinder. In the real results, because weather effect, often need to gather in the high wet lodging material, high wet lodging crop water content is big, and reap the material in disorder after coming, easily hang on threshing nail tooth, easy deposit blocks up, when adopting the threshing cylinder that the tradition has straight bracing piece, all threshing nail teeth on the same bracing piece all act on the material on the same generating line of material passageway (being on a parallel with the axis of rotation and being located the line at material passageway edge), and the in-process uses fixed generating line as the reference, the nail tooth is that a set of is interrupted the process, nail tooth on the same bracing piece is twined together and is accumulated more with the material very easily and leads to the jam, it is visible to adopt to have great mutual hindrance between traditional threshing cylinder material and the bracing piece, easily cause the material to block up, and drive the cylinder motion needs great torque, the unrestrained rate of energy also needs great.

In addition, the applicant's prior application CN111713270A provides an open spiral longitudinal axis threshing cylinder, in which a spring-shaped spiral fixing pipe is used to replace a support rod of a traditional threshing cylinder, and this structure is suitable for efficiently threshing dry materials such as rice, wheat and soybean, and is practically applied to threshing high-humidity lodging materials, because an included angle between a tangent line at a position where a spiral fixing pipe fixes a rod tooth and a material advancing direction is too large (close to vertical), the high-humidity material is easily hung at a junction position of the rod tooth and the spiral fixing pipe and is difficult to separate from the junction position, and the blockage situation is more serious than that of the traditional threshing cylinder.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the harvesting, threshing and cleaning device which can effectively prevent the blockage of high-humidity lodging crops and is suitable for the high-feeding-amount high-humidity lodging crops.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose, the harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops with large feeding amount comprises a threshing device and a cleaning device; the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder, a concave sieve and a circular arc-shaped top plate, a material channel is enclosed by the concave sieve and the top plate, and the threshing cylinder is arranged in the material channel;

the threshing cylinder comprises two circular side plates and a plurality of cross connecting rods arranged between the two side plates, and a plurality of threshing teeth are arranged on each cross connecting rod in a distributed mode;

the two ends of the cross connecting rod are staggered by a preset angle in the circumferential direction of the side plate, and the projection of the cross connecting rod is an unclosed arc when viewed along the axial direction of the threshing cylinder.

Furthermore, the threshing teeth on each bridging rod are arranged at equal intervals according to a preset distance, the threshing teeth at the same end of each bridging rod are set as initial threshing teeth, and the threshing teeth on each bridging rod are staggered by a preset angle relative to the preceding threshing teeth from the initial threshing teeth and from the initial threshing teeth to the adjacent threshing teeth;

the start threshing teeth on the following spanning bar are staggered in a predetermined circumferential direction by a distance of one step pitch in a fixed direction compared to the start threshing teeth on the preceding spanning bar.

Furthermore, a plurality of fixing positions arranged in a circumferential array are formed on each side plate, and the number of the fixing positions is consistent with that of the cross-connecting rods;

the two ends of each cross-connecting rod are respectively connected with two fixing positions belonging to the two side plates, namely a first fixing position and a second fixing position, and the fixing positions adjacent to the first fixing position and belonging to the same side plate are oppositely arranged with the second fixing position.

Further, the bridging rods are arc-shaped or spiral arc-shaped, and when the bridging rods are spiral arc-shaped, the bridging rods are 1/N of a whole circle of spiral line, wherein N is the total number of the bridging rods.

Further, the threshing cylinder also comprises a middle plate which is arranged in the center relative to the two side plates, and the middle parts of all the cross-connecting rods are connected with the middle plate.

Furthermore, a plurality of grass guiding plates are dispersedly fixed on the inner wall of the top plate.

Further, a flow guide mechanism is arranged between the threshing device and the cleaning device, and acts on the materials on the main screen body of the cleaning device.

Further, the flow guide mechanism comprises a flow guide wheel, a direction change joint and a rotary drum;

the diversion joint rotates actively, the guide wheel is installed on the diversion joint in a rotating mode, and a relative rotating shaft of the guide wheel and the diversion joint is arranged in an inclined mode relative to a self rotating shaft of the guide wheel;

the guide wheel comprises a wheel core and guide rods which are arranged around the wheel core in a circumferential array manner;

a strip-shaped groove is formed in the rotary drum corresponding to each guide rod;

the wheel core and the turning joint are both arranged in the rotary drum, and the guide rod penetrates through the corresponding strip-shaped groove and extends out of the rotary drum;

the rotary drum rotates actively to drive the diversion rod to do circular motion, and at least one of the two parameters of the rotary drum and the turning joint is different in rotating speed and rotating direction.

Further, the guide mechanism comprises a plurality of guide wheels which are distributed in a left-right direction in a scattered manner.

Further, the main screen body is driven to operate by a vibration mechanism;

the main sieve body comprises an upper sieve body and a lower sieve body, and the upper sieve body comprises a shaking plate, a fish scale sieve and a sawtooth sieve which are sequentially connected from front to back; the lower deck screen body includes a mesh screen.

Has the advantages that: according to the harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-feeding-amount high-humidity lodging crops, the bridging rods which are slightly bent and have two staggered ends are arranged, so that threshing teeth on the adjacent bridging rods sequentially act on materials, and the threshing teeth on the same bridging rod also sequentially act on the materials, so that the continuity of acting force applied by the threshing teeth on the materials is greatly increased, the high-humidity materials can smoothly advance in a material channel, grass hanging and blockage are reduced, the threshing effect is improved, the acting resistance of the materials on a threshing roller is greatly reduced, and the energy consumption for driving the threshing roller to rotate can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a large-feeding-amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops;

FIG. 2 is a view of the structure of a threshing cylinder;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a threshing cylinder in a preferred embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a threshing cylinder in a preferred embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a structural view of the top plate;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the deflector mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a view of the combination structure of the guide wheel and the turning joint;

FIG. 8 is a first perspective combination view of the deflector mechanism and cleaning unit;

fig. 9 is a combined view of the deflector mechanism and the cleaning device from a second perspective.

In the figure: 1-a threshing cylinder; a-initial threshing teeth; 11-side plates; 11 a-a fixed position; 12-a span rod; 13-threshing teeth 14-; a middle plate; 2-concave plate sieve; 3-a top plate; 31-a grass guiding plate; 4-a cleaning device; 41-main screen body; 411-shaking plate; 412-fish scale sieve; 413-a sawtooth screen; 414-mesh screen; 42-a vibration mechanism; 43-a blower unit; 44-a grain output auger; 5-a flow guide mechanism; 51-a guide wheel; 511-wheel core; 512-guide rod; 52-direction changing joints; 53-a drum; 531-strip groove.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops with large feeding amount as shown in figure 1 comprises a threshing device and a cleaning device 4; the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder 1, a concave sieve 2 and a circular arc-shaped top plate 3, a material channel is enclosed by the concave sieve 2 and the top plate 3, the threshing cylinder 1 is installed in the material channel, a plurality of grass guide plates 31 (shown in figure 5) are dispersedly fixed on the inner wall of the top plate 3, and two ends of the grass guide plates 31 are staggered in the axial direction of the threshing cylinder 1; as shown in fig. 2, the threshing cylinder 1 comprises two circular side plates 11 and a plurality of cross-connecting rods 12 arranged between the two side plates 11, wherein a plurality of threshing teeth 13 are dispersedly arranged on each cross-connecting rod 12; the cross-connecting rod 12 is a bent rod, two ends of the cross-connecting rod are staggered by a preset angle in the circumferential direction of the side plate 11, and the projection of the cross-connecting rod 12 is a section of unclosed arc seen along the axial direction of the threshing cylinder 1, namely, the cross-connecting rod 12 is formed by slight bending and does not contain a large-amplitude whole-circle bent section, so that the cross-connecting rod is more convenient to process and install.

By adopting the scheme of the invention, because the head end and the tail end of the cross-connecting rods 12 are staggered by the preset angle, and the bending amplitude of the cross-connecting rods 12 is smaller, when the threshing cylinder 1 rotates, the threshing teeth 13 on each cross-connecting rod 12 act on the materials on the same bus of the material channel in a staggered manner, the function of dispersing the materials can be effectively realized, and the blockage of the threshing cylinder 1 by the materials can be avoided, on one hand, the straw guide plate 31 can push the materials to move, on the other hand, the cross-connecting rods 12 can also play a role in boosting the materials, so that the materials can smoothly move forwards, and the motion path of a point on the cross-connecting rods 12 is similar to the characteristic of the material advancing path, therefore, the blockage of the materials to the threshing cylinder 1 is greatly reduced, and the energy consumption can be saved. In addition, because the bending amplitude of the bridging rod 12 is small, the included angle between the tangent of the point on the bridging rod 12 and the central shaft of the threshing cylinder 1 is small, the material is not easy to be firmly hung by the threshing teeth 13, and the material is easy to be separated even if the material is hung.

Preferably, the preset angle is 360 °/N, where N is the total number of the spanning rods 12. In the present embodiment, N =6, that is, a total of 6 span rods 12, and the predetermined angle is 60 °.

In a specific implementation, for convenience of installation, a plurality of fixing positions 11a arranged in a circumferential array are formed on each side plate 11, and the number of the fixing positions 11a is the same as that of the cross-connecting rods 12; two ends of each of the cross-connecting rods 12 are respectively connected to two fixing positions 11a of the two side plates 11, namely, a first fixing position and a second fixing position, and the fixing positions 11a adjacent to the first fixing position and belonging to the same side plate 11 are arranged opposite to the second fixing position.

Preferably, the spanning rod 12 is in the shape of a circular arc or a spiral arc, and when it is in the shape of a spiral arc, it is 1/N of a whole spiral line, where N is the total number of the spanning rods 12. The spiral arc shape can lead the distance between each threshing tooth 13 on the cross connecting rod 12 and the central shaft of the threshing cylinder 1 to be consistent. In this embodiment, the jumper bar 12 has a spiral arc shape.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the distribution of the threshing teeth 13 on each cross-connecting rod 12 is the same, and the threshing teeth 13 on the cross-connecting rods 12 are parallel to each other, in order to further enhance the propelling effect on the material, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the threshing teeth 13 on each cross-connecting rod 12 are arranged at equal intervals according to a preset distance, the first threshing tooth 13 at the same end of each cross-connecting rod 12 is set as a starting threshing tooth a, each cross-connecting rod 12 starts from the starting threshing tooth a, the following threshing teeth 13 are staggered by a preset angle relative to the preceding threshing teeth 13, and the staggered direction is the staggered direction of the other end of the cross-connecting rod 12 relative to the end where the starting threshing tooth a is located, that is, the twisting direction of the cross-connecting rod 12, and the beneficial effects are that: when the roller rotates, not only the adjacent span rods 12 act on the material in sequence, but also the threshing teeth 13 on the same span rod 12 act on the material in sequence, so that the continuity of the threshing teeth 13 acting on the material is greatly improved, and the loosening and pushing of the wet material are facilitated. In a preset circumferential direction (for example, clockwise direction), the starting threshing teeth a on the following cross-connecting rod 12 are staggered by a distance of one step pitch l in a fixed direction compared with the starting threshing teeth a on the preceding cross-connecting rod 12, that is, all the threshing teeth 13 on the adjacent cross-connecting rod 12 are staggered with respect to the corresponding threshing teeth 13 on the preceding cross-connecting rod 12, and the beneficial effects are that: the continuity during threshing is further improved, the moist materials are always under the action of the threshing teeth 13, the blockage of the roller is reduced, the materials move smoothly in the material channel, the blocking effect on the roller is also reduced, and the energy consumption can be saved. So, can make threshing cylinder 1 go up threshing teeth 13 that contains along the helix distribution, the spiral of the helix at threshing teeth 13 place is to the unanimity with the spiral of bridging rod 12 self soon, and the pitch of the helix at threshing teeth 13 place is far less than the pitch of bridging rod 12 self, so, threshing teeth 13 is fallen well, more does benefit to thresh and the propelling movement material advances.

Furthermore, the threshing cylinder 1 comprises a middle plate 14 arranged centrally in relation to the two side plates 11, the middle of all the span bars 12 being connected to the middle plate 14. The middle of the jumper bar 12 is supported by the middle plate 14, and the jumper bar 12 is prevented from being deformed.

Preferably, a flow guide mechanism 5 is arranged between the threshing device and the cleaning device 4, and the flow guide mechanism 5 acts on the materials on the main screen body 41 of the cleaning device 4.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the guide mechanism 5 includes a guide wheel 51, a direction-changing joint 52, and a drum 53; the diversion joint 52 rotates actively, the guide wheel 51 is rotatably mounted on the diversion joint 52, and the relative rotation axis of the guide wheel 51 and the diversion joint 52 is inclined relative to the rotation axis of the guide wheel 51; as shown in fig. 7, the inducer 51 includes a wheel core 511 and inducer bars 512 arranged in a circumferential array around the wheel core 511; a strip-shaped groove 531 is formed in the rotary drum 53 corresponding to each guide rod 512; the wheel core 511 and the direction-changing joint 52 are both arranged in the rotary drum 53, and the guide rod 512 passes through the corresponding strip groove 531 and extends out of the rotary drum 53; the rotating cylinder 53 actively rotates to drive the diversion rod 512 to do circular motion, and at least one of the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the diversion joint 52 is different from the other parameters. The material moves from front to back on the main screen body 41, the rotating cylinder 53 and the direction-changing joint 52 are coaxially arranged, and the rotating shafts of the two extend from left to right.

The width of the strip groove 531 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the diversion rod 512, and because at least one of the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the diversion wheel 51 and the rotation drum 53 is different, the diversion wheel 51 is not fixed relative to the turning joint 52, and when the rotation drum 53 rotates, the diversion rod 512 can be pushed to move through the edge of the strip groove 531, so that the whole diversion wheel 51 rotates relative to the turning joint 52.

By adopting the structure, when the turning joint 52 rotates, the relative rotating shafts of the guide wheel 51 and the turning joint 52 can rotate around the central shaft of the rotary drum 53, the surface swept by the relative rotating shafts of the guide wheel 51 and the turning joint 52 is a conical surface, the vertex of the conical surface is the intersection point of the relative rotating shaft and the central shaft of the rotary drum 53, and the guide wheel 51 can independently rotate relative to the turning joint 52, so that the guide wheel 51 can swing left and right and rotate at the same time to do spatial compound motion, thus the guide wheel 51 can intervene and guide the materials on the main screen body 41, increase the collision among the materials, reduce the wrapping effect of the silique shells and other sundries on the crop grains, improve the looseness and uniformity of the screened materials, reduce the screening pressure, prevent the screen surface from being blocked and improve the screening probability of the crop grains.

Preferably, the guide mechanism 5 includes a plurality of guide wheels 51 distributed in a left-right direction. Since the inducer 51 performs a spatial compound movement, the working width is large, and the number of the inducer 51 can be reduced.

In addition, a plurality of groups of flow guide mechanisms 5 are arranged in the front-back direction of the main screen body 41, so that materials can be interfered for multiple times when moving from front to back on the main screen body 41, and the looseness of the materials is kept.

The main screen body 41 is driven by a vibration mechanism 42; as shown in fig. 8-9, the main screen body 41 includes an upper screen body and a lower screen body, and the upper screen body includes a shaking plate 411, a fish scale screen 412 and a sawtooth screen 413 which are connected in sequence from front to back; the lower deck screen includes a mesh screen 414. An air blowing unit 43 and a grain output auger 44 are arranged below the main screen body 41, and air flow blown out by the air blowing unit 43 is upwards transmitted from the lower part of the main screen body 41, so that the effect of throwing materials by the main screen body 41 can be increased, and the screening effect is increased. The grain output auger 44 is used for outputting and gathering grains which are sieved and fallen.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-moisture lodging crops with large feeding amount comprises a threshing device and a cleaning device (4); the threshing device comprises a threshing cylinder (1), a concave sieve (2) and a circular arc-shaped top plate (3), a material channel is enclosed by the concave sieve (2) and the top plate (3), and the threshing cylinder (1) is arranged in the material channel;

the threshing cylinder (1) comprises two circular side plates (11) and a plurality of cross connecting rods (12) arranged between the two side plates (11), and a plurality of threshing teeth (13) are respectively arranged on each cross connecting rod (12) in a scattered manner; the method is characterized in that:

the cross-connecting rod (12) is a bent rod, two ends of the cross-connecting rod are staggered by a preset angle in the circumferential direction of the side plate (11), and the projection of the cross-connecting rod (12) is an unclosed arc when viewed along the axial direction of the threshing cylinder (1).

2. A large feed rate harvester-thresher and cleaning plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said threshing teeth (13) on each of said cross-connecting rods (12) are equally spaced by a predetermined distance, and said threshing teeth (13) on the same end of each of said cross-connecting rods (12) are set to be starting threshing teeth, and of adjacent threshing teeth (13), each of said cross-connecting rods (12) is staggered by a predetermined angle from said starting threshing teeth to the succeeding threshing teeth (13);

the starting threshing teeth on the following spanning bar (12) are staggered in a predetermined circumferential direction by a distance of one step in a fixed direction compared to the starting threshing teeth on the preceding spanning bar (12).

3. The high-feeding-amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of fixing positions (11 a) arranged in a circumferential array are formed on each side plate (11), and the number of the fixing positions (11 a) is consistent with that of the cross-connecting rods (12);

two ends of each cross-connecting rod (12) are respectively connected with two fixing positions (11 a) which belong to two side plates (11), namely a first fixing position and a second fixing position, and the fixing positions (11 a) which are adjacent to the first fixing position and belong to the same side plate (11) are arranged opposite to the second fixing position.

4. The large feeding amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high moisture lodging crops as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cross-connecting rod (12) is arc-shaped or spiral arc-shaped, when it is spiral arc-shaped, it is 1/N of a whole spiral line, where N is the total number of the cross-connecting rods (12).

5. A large feed rate harvesting, threshing and cleaning plant suitable for high moisture lodging crops according to claim 1, characterized in that the threshing cylinder (1) further comprises an intermediate plate (14) centrally arranged with respect to the two side plates (11), the intermediate plate (14) being connected to the middle of all the cross-bars (12).

6. The large-feed-rate harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for the high-humidity lodging crops is characterized in that a plurality of grass guiding plates (31) are dispersedly fixed on the inner wall of the top plate (3).

7. The large-feeding-amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flow guide mechanism (5) is arranged between the threshing device and the cleaning device (4), and the flow guide mechanism (5) acts on materials on a main screen body (41) of the cleaning device (4).

8. The large-feeding-amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diversion mechanism (5) comprises a diversion wheel (51), a diversion joint (52) and a rotary drum (53);

the diversion joint (52) rotates actively, the guide wheel (51) is installed on the diversion joint (52) in a rotating mode, and a relative rotating shaft of the guide wheel (51) and the diversion joint (52) is arranged in an inclined mode relative to a self rotating shaft of the guide wheel (51);

the guide wheel (51) comprises a wheel core (511) and guide rods (512) which are arranged around the wheel core (511) in a circumferential array manner;

a strip-shaped groove (531) is formed in the rotary drum (53) corresponding to each guide rod (512);

the wheel core (511) and the direction-changing joint (52) are both arranged in the rotary drum (53), and the flow guide rod (512) penetrates through the corresponding strip-shaped groove (531) and extends out of the rotary drum (53);

the rotating cylinder (53) rotates actively to drive the guide rod (512) to do circular motion, and at least one of the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the rotating cylinder (53) and the turning joint (52) is different.

9. The large-feeding-amount harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diversion mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of diversion wheels (51) which are distributed in a left-right direction in a scattered manner.

10. A large-feed-rate harvesting, threshing and cleaning device suitable for high-humidity lodging crops as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the main sieve body (41) is driven to run by a vibration mechanism (42);

the main sieve body (41) comprises an upper sieve body and a lower sieve body, wherein the upper sieve body comprises a shaking plate (411), a fish scale sieve (412) and a sawtooth sieve (413) which are sequentially connected from front to back; the lower deck screen includes a mesh screen (414).

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