CN115659093A - Method for calculating influence quantity of end difference of heater of steam turbine regenerative system on heat rate - Google Patents
Method for calculating influence quantity of end difference of heater of steam turbine regenerative system on heat rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the influence of the end difference of a heater of a turbine regenerative system on heat rate, which respectively calculates the variation of the heat rate before and after the change of the upper end difference and the lower end difference of the heater, keeps the single variable change of the upper end difference and the lower end difference of the heater each time, and simultaneously considers that the inner parts of a high pressure cylinder and a middle pressure cylinder of the turbine are unchanged, and the change of relative inner efficiency is mainly caused by the change of steam humidity of a low pressure cylinder of the turbine, thereby quantifying the influence of the calculated end difference on the heat rate. The invention fully considers the dynamic balance calculation process of the steam turbine under variable working conditions, and the method for calculating the influence quantity of the steam turbine regenerative system heater end difference on the heat consumption rate is more accurate than the existing method.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of steam turbines, in particular to a method for calculating the influence quantity of end difference of a steam turbine regenerative system on heat consumption rate.
[ background of the invention ]
The thermal power generating unit is a big household for energy consumption in China, and has very important significance for energy war in China in terms of energy conservation and emission reduction. The main concern of the operation energy saving of the power station steam turbine is the economy of the regenerative system, and the economy of the regenerative system is mainly embodied on the end difference of the heater, wherein the end difference of the heater generally refers to the difference between the saturation temperature of the heater under the extraction pressure and the outlet water temperature of the heater. The end difference of the heater is further divided into an upper end difference and a lower end difference, wherein the upper end difference of the heater = a saturation temperature corresponding to a steam extraction pressure on a steam side-a water side outlet temperature, and the lower end difference = a steam side drainage temperature-a water side inlet water temperature, and if not otherwise noted, the upper end difference generally refers to a difference between the saturation temperature and the water temperature of the heater outlet under the steam extraction pressure of the heater.
Obviously, the smaller the end difference is, the better the thermal economy is, the deviation of the end difference from the design value can cause the economic efficiency of the steam turbine set to be reduced, and the influence factors of the end difference are relatively complex and may be the reason of operation adjustment, the reason of instrument precision and the reason of equipment reliability.
The energy saving potential of each heater needs to be accurately calculated aiming at the reconstruction of a turbine regenerative system, and skill analysis is carried out by combining the manufacturing cost of each reconstruction scheme so as to provide investment decisions for owners. The energy-saving potential of the turbine regenerative system mainly means how much the end difference of each heater is higher than a nominal design value, and the influence quantity of the end difference of each heater of the regenerative system on the heat consumption rate at 1 ℃ is needed to be known through specific calculation.
At present, the calculation method for calculating the influence quantity of the end difference of the heater of the turbine regenerative system on the heat rate is based on the equivalent enthalpy drop method provided by Lin Mochao in the early stage, and other mature calculation methods are not available. The equivalent enthalpy drop method is not a dynamic balance method, only the change of local steam extraction efficiency is considered, and a calculation result has certain deviation from a true value.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention provides an algorithm for the influence quantity of the end difference of the heater of the steam turbine regenerative system on the heat consumption rate, fully considers the process of calculating the dynamic balance of the steam turbine under variable working conditions, and the method for calculating the influence quantity of the end difference of the heater of the steam turbine regenerative system on the heat consumption rate is more accurate than the existing method. The method overcomes the defects of the existing algorithm, is simpler and more convenient to understand, has stronger adaptability to the actual situation, and has stronger practical value.
The invention provides another method for calculating the influence quantity of the end difference of a heater of a turbine regenerative system on the heat consumption rate according to the variable working condition operating characteristics of a turbine and a system energy balance method.
A method for calculating the influence quantity of a steam turbine regenerative system heater end difference on heat rate comprises the following steps:
1. collecting original data required by the heat rate calculation method;
2. calculating the end difference and the heat rate of a heater of a regenerative system of the unit for the first time;
3. calculating the upper end difference of the # i heater of the regenerative systemLower end differenceThe heater #1,2,3 is a high-pressure heater, the heater #5,6 is a low-pressure heater, and the low-pressure cylinder efficiency eta' d Testing heat rate HR;
4. adjusting any one of the upper end difference or the lower end difference of the heater and the condensate flow Q to perform iterative calculation, and calculating the test heat consumption rate of the regenerative system after the end difference of the heater changes; when the parameters are adjusted, keeping the upper end difference or the lower end difference of the heater to keep the single variable change every time, keeping the efficiency in the adjustment system unchanged, and calculating the adjusted thermal efficiency;
5. and calculating the influence of the heater end difference of the regenerative system on the heat consumption rate.
In the fourth step, the method for calculating the influence quantity of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat consumption rate is carried out by the influence quantity of the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater on the heat consumption rateDuring calculation, the specific steps are as follows:
(4.1.1) changing the outlet water temperature of the #1 high-pressure heater to change the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heaterKeeping other parameters of the system unchanged, and then increasing the voltageThe efficiency of the cylinder and the medium pressure cylinder is not changed, and the calculation efficiency of the low pressure cylinder is changed;
(4.1.3) comparisonAnd η' d If a difference is present betweenAnd η' d Is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is notAnd η' d If the difference is more than 0.001%, redesigning the flow rate Q of the condensate water, and returning to the step (4.1.2);
(4.1.4) outputting the heat rate until the iteration is finishedCalculating the influence of the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater on the heat rate
The calculation formula of the influence quantity of the change of the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater by 1 ℃ on the heat rate is as follows:
the method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate is carried out on the influence of the upper end difference of the #5 low-pressure heater on the heat rateDuring calculation, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater.
The method for calculating the influence quantity of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate is carried out on the influence quantity of the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater on the heat rateDuring calculation, the specific steps are as follows:
(4.2.1) changing the outlet water temperature of the #2 high-pressure heater to change the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heaterMeanwhile, the drainage temperature variation of the #1 high-pressure heater is the same as the outlet water temperature variation of the #2 high-pressure heater, and other parameters of the system are kept unchanged, so that the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder and other boundary conditions of the regenerative system are not changed, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is changed;
(4.2.3) comparisonAnd η' d If a difference is present betweenAnd η' d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is notAnd η' d If the difference is greater than 0.001%, the condensate flow rate Q is redesigned and the process returns to step (4.2.2).
(4.2.4) outputting the heat rate until the iteration is finishedCalculating the influence of the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater on the heat rate
The calculation formula of the influence quantity of 1 ℃ change of the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater on the heat rate is as follows:
the method for calculating the influence quantity of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate is used for calculating the influence quantity of the end difference of the #3 high-pressure heater and the #6 low-pressure heater on the heat rateAndwhen calculating, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater.
The method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate is carried out on the influence of the lower end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater on the heat rateDuring calculation, the specific steps are as follows:
(4.3.1) changing the drain temperature of the #1 high-pressure heater so that the difference between the lower ends of the #1 high-pressure heater changesKeeping other parameters of the system unchanged, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder is unchanged, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is changed;
(4.3.3) comparisonAnd η' d If a difference is present betweenAnd η' d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is notAnd η' d If the difference is greater than 0.001%, the condensate flow rate Q is redesigned and the process returns to step (4.3.2).
(4.3.4) the iteration is finished, and the heat rate is outputCalculating the influence of the lower end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater on the heat rate
The calculation formula of the influence quantity of the lower end difference change of the #1 high-pressure heater at 1 ℃ on the heat rate is as follows:
the method for calculating the influence quantity of the heater end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system on the heat rate is carried out on the influence quantity of the lower end difference of the heaters of #1, #2, #3, #5 and #6 on the heat rateIn the calculation, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the lower end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater.
Preferably, all the original data for calculating the upper end difference, the lower end difference and the heat consumption rate of the regenerative system heater are measured by using test points, and the calculation precision is high.
Preferably, a single variable is changed by calculation each time, the end difference of heaters of other regenerative systems and the efficiency in the steam turbine are guaranteed to be unchanged, the dynamic balancing process is realized, and the accuracy is high.
The calculation principle involved in the invention is simple and easy to understand, and has strong practical value and operability; the calculation method fully considers the process of calculating the dynamic balance of the steam turbine under variable working conditions, and compared with the existing method, the calculation method of the influence quantity of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat consumption rate is more accurate.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an iterative method of the present invention for the amount of heat rate impact of the upper end difference of #1 high pressure heater;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an iterative method of the present invention for the amount of heat rate impact of the #2 high pressure heater upper end difference;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an iterative method of the amount of heat rate impact of the #1 high pressure heater lower end difference of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, wherein examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
For the convenience of describing the calculation method of the invention in detail and better understanding, a system of a domestic supercritical, one-time intermediate reheating, single-shaft, three-cylinder, four-steam-exhaust, double-back pressure and condensing steam turbine and a feed water backheating system of a 3 high-pressure heater +1 deoxidizing +4 low-pressure heater and a unit with a steam-driven feed water pump are listed for explanation.
The invention provides a method for calculating the influence quantity of a heater end difference of a turbine regenerative system on heat consumption rate, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Collecting raw data required by the heat consumption calculation method:
(2) Calculating the upper end difference of the # i heater of the regenerative systemLower end differenceThe heater #1,2,3 is a high-pressure heater, the heater #5,6 is a low-pressure heater, and the low-pressure cylinder efficiency eta' d Testing heat rate HR;
(3) Variation in head end difference of #1 high-pressure HeaterThe efficiency in the system is kept unchanged, and the corrected heat rate is calculated
(4) The upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater is changed by changing the outlet water temperature of the #1 high-pressure heaterGet theCalculating a corrected heat rateThe method comprises the following steps:
4.1 Changing the outlet water temperature of the #1 high-pressure heater to 276.18 ℃ so that the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater is changedKeeping other parameters of the system unchanged, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder is unchanged, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is changed;
4.3 Comparison ofAnd η' d If a difference is present betweenAnd η' d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is notAnd η' d If the difference is more than 0.001%, redesigning the condensate flow rate Q, and returning to the step 4.2);
4.4 ) the iteration is finished, the condensate flow Q is 1287.94t/h, and the output heat rateFor 7973.88kJ/kWh, the amount of influence of the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater on the heat rate was calculated
Carrying out the influence of the upper end difference of the #5 low-pressure heater on the heat rateDuring calculation, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater.
#2 high pressure Heater Upper end differential variationThe efficiency in the system is kept unchanged, and the corrected heat rate is calculated
Variation of upper end difference of #2 high-pressure heater by changing outlet water temperature of #2 high-pressure heaterSimultaneously changing the drainage temperature of the #1 high-pressure heaterGetCalculating a corrected heat rateThe method comprises the following steps:
7.1 Change the leaving water temperature of the #2 high-pressure heater to 250.27 ℃ so that the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater changesMeanwhile, the hydrophobic temperature of the #1 high-pressure heater is changed by 254.83 ℃, other parameters of the system are kept unchanged, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder and other boundary conditions of the regenerative system cannot be changed, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder can be changed;
7.3 Comparison ofAnd η' d If a difference is present betweenAnd η' d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is usedAnd η' d If the difference is greater than 0.001%, the condensate flow rate Q is redesigned and the process returns to step 7.2).
7.4 The iteration is finished, the flow Q of the condensed water is 1287.46t/h, and the output heat rate isIs 7972.11kJ/kWh, calculating the influence of the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater on the heat rate
The influence of the difference between the upper ends of the #3 high-pressure heater and the #6 low-pressure heater on the heat rate is measuredAndand during calculation, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater.
#1 high pressure Heater lower end differential variationThe efficiency in the system is maintained unchanged, and the corrected heat rate is calculated
The difference of the lower end of the #1 high-pressure heater is changed by changing the drainage temperature of the #1 high-pressure heater Calculating a corrected heat rateThe method comprises the following steps:
10.1 Changing the hydrophobic temperature of the #1 high-pressure heater to 256.83 ℃ so that the lower end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater is changedKeeping other parameters of the system unchanged, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder is unchanged, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is changed;
10.3 Comparison ofAnd η' d If a difference ofAnd η' d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is notAnd η' d If the difference is greater than 0.001%, the condensate flow rate Q is redesigned and the process returns to step 10.2).
10.4 The iteration is finished, the flow Q of the condensed water is 1287.23t/h, and the output heat rate isFor 7971.39kJ/kWh, the amount of influence of the difference in the lower end of the #1 high-pressure heater on the heat rate was calculated
The influence of the lower end difference of other heaters on the heat rate is carried outWhen calculating, the calculation method is the same as the lower end of the #1 high-pressure heaterAnd a difference calculation method.
All the original data for calculating the upper end difference, the lower end difference and the heat consumption rate of the regenerative system heater are measured by using test points, and the calculation precision is high. The single variable is changed by each calculation, the end difference of the heaters of other regenerative systems and the efficiency in the steam turbine are ensured to be unchanged, the dynamic balance process is realized, and the accuracy is higher. The calculation result of the influence of the end difference higher than 1 ℃ on the heat rate is as follows:
the calculation method related by the invention is mainly described aiming at the influence quantity of the end difference of the heater of the regenerative system on the heat consumption rate, and for convenience of expression and understanding, the calculation method is explained by the flow shown in fig. 1 to 3. No matter how the thermodynamic system of the thermal power generating unit changes, the calculation may be performed according to the calculation method of the present invention, so the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the present invention.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for calculating the influence quantity of a steam turbine regenerative system heater end difference on heat rate comprises the following steps:
(1) Collecting original data of a heat balance system of the unit;
(2) Calculating the end difference and the heat rate of a heater of a heat regenerative system of the unit for the first time;
(3) Calculating the upper end difference of the # i heater of the regenerative systemLower end differenceThe heater #1,2,3 is a high-pressure heater, the heater #5,6 is a low-pressure heater, and the low-pressure cylinder efficiency eta ′d Testing heat rate HR;
(4) Adjusting any one of the upper end difference or the lower end difference of the heater and the condensate flow Q to perform iterative calculation, and calculating the test heat consumption rate of the regenerative system after the end difference of the heater changes; when the parameters are adjusted, the efficiency in the system is adjusted to be kept unchanged while the upper end difference or the lower end difference of the heater keeps the single variable change every time, and the adjusted thermal efficiency is calculated;
(5) And calculating the influence of the regenerative system heater end difference on the heat rate.
2. The method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate according to claim 1, wherein the step (4) is carried out for the influence of the end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater on the heat rateDuring calculation, the specific steps are as follows:
(4.1.1) changing the outlet water temperature of the #1 high-pressure heater to change the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heaterKeeping other parameters of the system unchanged, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder is unchanged, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is changed; (4.1.2) calculating Low pressure Cylinder efficiency by adjusting condensate flow Q
(4.1.3) comparisonAnd η ′d If a difference is present betweenAnd η ′d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is notAnd η ′d If the difference is more than 0.001%, redesigning the flow rate Q of the condensate water, and returning to the step (4.1.2);
3. The method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate according to claim 2, wherein the calculation formula of the influence of the change of the end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater by 1 ℃ on the heat rate is as follows:
4. the method for calculating the influence of the steam turbine regenerative system heater end difference on the heat rate according to claim 3, wherein the influence of the steam turbine regenerative system heater end difference on the heat rate isCalculating method of the amount of influence of the upper end difference of the #5 low-pressure heater on the heat rateDuring calculation, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the upper end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater.
5. The method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate according to claim 1, characterized in that the influence of the end difference of the high-pressure heater on the heat rate is carried out in #2During calculation, the specific steps are as follows:
(4.2.1) changing the outlet water temperature of the #2 high-pressure heater to change the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heaterMeanwhile, the drainage temperature variation of the #1 high-pressure heater is the same as the outlet water temperature variation of the #2 high-pressure heater, and other parameters of the system are kept unchanged, so that the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder and other boundary conditions of the regenerative system are not changed, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is changed;
(4.2.3) comparisonAnd η ′d If a difference is present betweenAnd η ′d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is notAnd η ′d If the difference is greater than 0.001%, the condensate flow rate Q is redesigned and the process returns to step (4.2.2).
6. The method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate according to claim 5, wherein the calculation formula of the influence of the end difference change of 1 ℃ on the heat rate of the #2 high-pressure heater on the heat rate is as follows:
7. the method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate according to claim 6, characterized in that the influence of the end difference on the heat rate of the #3 high-pressure heater and the #6 low-pressure heater is carried outAndin the calculation, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the upper end difference of the #2 high-pressure heater.
8. The method for calculating the influence quantity of the steam turbine regenerative system heater end difference on the heat rate according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is carried out for the lower end difference of a #1 high-pressure heaterAmount of influence on Heat Rate Δ HR 1 2 During calculation, the specific steps are as follows:
(4.3.1) changing the #1 high-pressure-plus-hydrophobic temperature so that the difference of the lower ends of the #1 high-pressure heaters changesKeeping other parameters of the system unchanged, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder is unchanged, and the calculation efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is changed;
(4.3.3) comparisonAnd η ′d If a difference ofAnd η ′d If the difference is less than or equal to 0.001%, the corrected heat rate is output and calculatedIf it is usedAnd η ′d If the difference is more than 0.001%, redesigning the flow rate Q of the condensate water, and returning to the step (4.3.2);
9. According toThe method for calculating the influence of the end difference of the steam turbine regenerative system heater on the heat rate of claim 8, wherein the calculation formula of the influence of the change of the lower end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater by 1 ℃ on the heat rate is as follows:
10. the method for calculating the influence of the heater end difference on the heat rate of the steam turbine regenerative system according to claim 8, characterized in that the influence of the lower end difference on the heat rate of the heaters #1, #2, #3, #5 and #6 is performedIn the calculation, the calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the lower end difference of the #1 high-pressure heater.
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