CN115652489A - Functional composite yarn of recycled waste textiles and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Functional composite yarn of recycled waste textiles and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical group CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical group ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/66—Disintegrating fibre-containing textile articles to obtain fibres for re-use
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- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a functional composite yarn of recycled waste textiles and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: recovering waste fabrics to obtain short fibers, opening and carding the short fibers into fiber webs, and then uniformly laying the fiber webs on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine; uniformly dispersing the functional additive in a polymer solution to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution; opening a liquid spraying device to spray out the functional spinning liquid to form functional micro-nanofibers, and collecting the functional micro-nanofibers on a short fiber net to form a composite fiber net; preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and drawing and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the functional composite yarn. On the basis of recycling waste textiles, functional micro-nano long fibers are implanted into the yarn in situ to prepare the composite yarn. The prepared composite yarn has good functional durability, and the added value of the product is improved; and the functional liquid spraying and the traditional fiber web compounding technology are organically combined, so that the process flow is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional yarns, and particularly relates to a functional composite yarn for recycling waste textiles and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The recycling and high-value utilization of the waste textiles have important significance for reducing carbon emission and environmental pollution. However, due to the limitations of weak technology and production cost, the recycling of waste textiles is still in the beginning, and the current recycling of waste textiles is mainly to make low-value products such as mops, carpets and fillers after mechanical crushing or to obtain chemical raw materials through chemical recycling, so that there is an urgent need to develop a novel technology to improve the utilization rate and added value of waste textiles.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of functional composite yarn by recycling waste textiles, functional yarn is developed based on waste textiles, and functional micro-nano long fiber is implanted into the yarn in situ to prepare the composite yarn, so that the functional durability is improved; and the functional liquid spraying and the traditional fiber web compounding technology are organically combined, so that the process flow is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
step (1), recycling waste fabrics to obtain short fibers;
step (2), uniformly dispersing the functional additive in a polymer solution to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution; wherein the viscosity of the liquid jet spinning solution is 200-1000 cp;
step (3), opening and carding the short fibers obtained in the step (1) into short fiber webs, and then uniformly laying the short fiber webs on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, wherein the rotating speed of a receiving roller is 30-50 r/min; starting a liquid jet spinning machine to jet out the spinning solution obtained in the step (2), drawing the jetted spinning solution by wind power to form functional micro-nano long fibers, and regularly collecting the functional micro-nano long fibers on a short fiber net which is laid on a receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber net;
the thickness of the composite fiber web is 3-5 mm, and the gram weight is 20-60 g/m 3 ；
And (4) preparing the composite fiber net obtained in the step (3) into uniform raw slivers, and drafting and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the functional composite yarn.
Preferably, in the step (1), the waste fabric is pure cotton or pure polyester with a single component; the short fiber obtained by recovery treatment is specifically cotton short fiber prepared by a mechanical crushing method or polyester short fiber prepared by a fusion regeneration method;
preferably, in the step (1), the short fiber has a thickness of 5 to 40 μm and a length of 20 to 50mm;
preferably, in the step (2), the functional auxiliary agent is one or more of a flame retardant, an antibacterial agent, a waterproof agent and an antistatic agent;
more preferably, the flame retardant is one of a phosphorus flame retardant and a nitrogen flame retardant;
more preferably, the antibacterial agent is a metal ion antibacterial agent;
preferably, before the step (3), the short fibers obtained in the step (1) and other short fibers can be uniformly mixed and then subjected to opening and impurity removal to form a short fiber web;
preferably, in the step (3), the spinning speed of the liquid jet method is 0.04-0.06 mL/min, the air pressure is 0.015-0.02 MPa, and the receiving distance is 40-50 cm;
preferably, in the step (3), the diameter of the functional micro-nano long fiber is 100-600 nm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the weight ratio of the short fiber web to the functional micro-nano long fiber in the composite fiber web is 3:1-4:1.
More preferably, in the step (3), the spinning speed of the liquid-jet method is 0.05mL/min, the air pressure is 0.017-0.02 MPa, and the receiving distance is 45cm; the weight ratio of the short fiber net to the functional micro-nano long fiber in the composite fiber net is 3:1.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a functional composite yarn prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above schemes.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a textile which is prepared by processing the functional composite yarn and other yarns. Wherein the mass content of the functional composite yarn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 100 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Functional micro-nano long fibers are implanted into the yarn in situ, namely functional components are added in the yarn forming process, so that the yarn has intrinsic functional attributes, the functional micro-nano long fibers are mixed into a short fiber net, the functional durability is improved by utilizing entanglement and cohesion of the fibers, and other physical and chemical properties are not obviously influenced.
(2) Various technical means such as liquid spraying, blending and the like are organically combined, and the process flow is shortened and the production cost is reduced by combining the functional liquid spraying and the traditional fiber web compounding technology.
(3) The method changes waste into valuable, and changes waste textiles into functional yarns, thereby improving the added value of products.
(4) The material used in the invention is cheap and easily available, green and environment-friendly, and the production process is simple and is easy for standardized and large-scale production.
(5) The method provided by the invention has the advantages of high flexibility in process adjustment and simplicity in operation, and various functional composite yarns or blended yarns can be prepared by the method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process flow for preparing a functional composite yarn according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of a cross section of the flame retardant composite yarn of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of a cross section of the blended flame retardant composite yarn of example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As described above, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present inventors have made extensive studies and extensive practices, and propose a technical solution of the present invention, which is mainly based on at least:
on the basis of recycling waste textiles, functional micro-nano long fibers are implanted into the yarn in situ to prepare the composite yarn. The prepared composite yarn has good functional durability, improves the product added value of waste textiles, shortens the process flow and reduces the production cost by organically combining functional liquid spraying and the traditional fiber web composite technology, and has the advantages of flexible process in the whole process, simple and convenient operation and environmental protection.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following specific examples.
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps: recovering waste cotton or polyester fabric to obtain short fiber with thickness of 5-40 micron and length of 20-50 mm; uniformly dispersing the functional additive in a polymer solution to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution; the short fibers are opened and carded into fiber webs, then the fiber webs are uniformly laid on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, the liquid jet spinning machine is started to jet out functional spinning liquid, the sprayed spinning liquid is drafted by wind power to form functional micro-nano long fibers with the diameter of 100-600 nm under the conditions that the spinning speed is 0.04-0.06 mL/min, the air pressure is 0.015-0.02 MPa and the receiving distance is 40-50 cm, the functional micro-fiber webs are regularly collected on the short fiber webs laid on the receiving device in advance, and a composite fiber web with the weight ratio of the short fibers to the functional micro-nano long fibers of 3:1-4:1 is formed; preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and sequentially drawing and twisting the raw slivers by a roving frame and a spinning frame to prepare the functional composite yarn. This process is illustrated in figure 1.
Example 1:
the method for preparing the flame-retardant functional composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste cotton cloth is recycled and prepared into cotton staple fibers with the thickness of 5 to 20 mu m and the length of 20 to 50mm by a mechanical method;
(2) Uniformly dispersing a melamine cyanurate fire retardant with the mass fraction of 20% in a polyacrylonitrile solution with the concentration of 11% (the solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide) to prepare a liquid spraying spinning solution;
(3) And (2) opening and carding the waste cotton short fibers obtained in the step (1) to form fiber webs, uniformly laying the fiber webs on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, starting the liquid jet spinning machine to jet out the spinning solution, and drafting the jetted spinning solution by wind power to form flame-retardant micro-nanofibers with the diameter of 400-600 nm (the spinning speed is 0.05mL/min, the air pressure is 0.017MPa, and the receiving distance is 45 cm). The flame-retardant micro-nano fiber web is regularly collected on the waste cotton short fiber web which is laid on the receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber web (the weight ratio of the waste cotton short fiber to the flame-retardant micro-nano fiber is 3:1);
(4) Preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and drawing and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the functional composite yarn.
As shown in fig. 2, the flame-retardant composite yarn of this embodiment is composed of waste cotton staple fibers and flame-retardant polyacrylonitrile micro-nanofibers. The flame-retardant polyacrylonitrile micro-nano fibers which are obviously visible in the cross section of the yarn are inlaid in the gaps of the waste cotton staple fibers, and the flame-retardant polyacrylonitrile micro-nano fibers and the waste cotton staple fibers are mutually cohered and tangled, so that the strength, the flame retardance and the washfastness of the yarn are improved.
The yarn performance test shows that: the linear density of the composite yarn was 55tex, and the tenacity at break and elongation at break were 7.12N and 7.2%, respectively.
The flame retardant property test shows that: the limit oxygen index of plain weave fabric woven by the composite yarn is improved from 19.0% to 29.5% of pure cotton fabric, and the damage length is reduced from complete damage to 8.5cm.
The washing resistance test shows that: after 30 times of washing, the limit oxygen index of the fabric was 29.0% (29.5% before washing), and the damaged length was 8.8cm (8.5 cm before washing), indicating good flame retardancy and durability.
Example 2
The method for preparing the blended flame-retardant composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste cotton cloth is recycled and prepared into cotton staple fibers with the thickness of 5-20 mu m and the length of 20-50 mm by a mechanical method;
(2) Uniformly dispersing a melamine cyanurate fire retardant with the mass fraction of 20% in a polyacrylonitrile solution with the concentration of 11% (the solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide) to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution;
(3) Uniformly mixing the waste cotton short fibers obtained in the step (1) and the polyester short fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:1, opening and carding to form a fiber web, uniformly laying the fiber web on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, starting the liquid jet spinning machine to jet spinning liquid, and drafting the jetted spinning liquid by wind power to form flame-retardant micro-nano fibers with the diameter of 400-600 nm (the spinning speed is 0.05mL/min, the air pressure is 0.017MPa, and the receiving distance is 45 cm). The flame-retardant fiber net is regularly collected on a waste polyester-cotton short fiber net which is laid on a receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber net (the weight ratio of the waste polyester-cotton short fiber to the flame-retardant micro-nano fiber is 3:1);
(4) Preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and drafting and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the blended flame-retardant composite yarn.
As shown in fig. 3, in the blended flame-retardant composite yarn prepared in this embodiment, the polyester staple fiber, the cotton staple fiber and the flame-retardant polyacrylonitrile micro-nanofiber can be observed in the cross section of the yarn, and the polyester staple fiber, the cotton staple fiber and the flame-retardant polyacrylonitrile micro-nanofiber are cohered and entangled with each other, which is beneficial to improving the strength, the flame retardance and the washfastness of the yarn.
Yarn performance tests show that: the linear density of the blended flame-retardant composite yarn was 57tex, and the breaking tenacity and elongation at break were 9.58N and 8.9%, respectively.
The flame retardant property test shows that: the limit oxygen index of plain weave fabrics woven by the blended flame-retardant composite yarns is improved to 29.2 percent from 19.0 percent of pure cotton fabrics, and the damage length is reduced to 7.3cm from complete damage.
The washing fastness test shows that: after 30 times of washing, the limit oxygen index of the fabric was 28.5% (29.2% before washing), and the damage length was 7.5cm (7.3 cm before washing), indicating good flame retardancy durability.
Comparative example 1:
(1) Waste cotton cloth is recycled and prepared into cotton staple fibers with the thickness of 5-20 mu m and the length of 20-50 mm by a mechanical method;
(2) Preparing the old cotton short fibers obtained in the step (1) and polyacrylonitrile micro-nano fibers without flame retardants into a composite fiber net, processing the composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and drafting and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare composite yarns;
(3) And (3) soaking the composite yarn in melamine cyanurate flame retardant with equal concentration by using a post-finishing method, and then airing to obtain the flame-retardant composite yarn.
The washing resistance test shows that: after 30 washes, the limit oxygen index of the fabric was 21.0% (29.5% before washing), and the length of damage was complete (8.5 cm before washing), indicating poor flame resistance and durability.
Example 3:
the method for preparing the flame-retardant functional composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste cotton cloth is recycled and prepared into cotton staple fibers with the thickness of 5-20 mu m and the length of 20-50 mm by a mechanical method;
(2) Uniformly dispersing 20% by mass of an organophosphorus derivative flame retardant SAF8078 in a polyethylene terephthalate solution with the concentration of 15% (the solvent is dichloromethane and trifluoroacetic acid with the volume ratio of 9:1) to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution;
(3) And (2) opening and carding the waste cotton short fibers obtained in the step (1) to form fiber webs, uniformly laying the fiber webs on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, starting the liquid jet spinning machine to jet out spinning liquid, and drafting the jetted spinning liquid by wind power to form flame-retardant micro-nanofibers with the diameter of 100-300 nm (the spinning speed is 0.05mL/min, the air pressure is 0.02MPa, and the receiving distance is 45 cm). The flame-retardant fiber web is regularly collected on the waste cotton short fiber web which is laid on the receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber web (the weight ratio of the waste cotton short fibers to the flame-retardant micro-nano fibers is 3:1);
(4) Preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and sequentially drawing and twisting the raw slivers by a roving frame and a spinning frame to prepare the functional composite yarn.
Yarn performance tests show that: the linear density of the composite yarn was 50tex, and the tenacity at break and elongation at break were 6.49N and 9.07%, respectively.
The flame retardant property test shows that: the limiting oxygen index of plain weave fabric woven by the composite yarn is improved from 19.0% of pure cotton fabric to 30.2%, and the damage length is reduced from complete damage to 4.5cm.
The washing resistance test shows that: after 30 times of washing, the limit oxygen index of the fabric was 29.7% (30.2% before washing), and the damaged length was 5.8cm (4.5 cm before washing), indicating good flame retardancy durability.
Example 4
The method for preparing the blended flame-retardant composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste cotton cloth is recycled and prepared into cotton staple fibers with the thickness of 5-20 mu m and the length of 20-50 mm by a mechanical method;
(2) Uniformly dispersing 20% by mass of an organophosphorus derivative flame retardant SAF8078 in a polyethylene terephthalate solution with the concentration of 15% (the solvent is dichloromethane and trifluoroacetic acid with the volume ratio of 9:1) to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution;
(3) Uniformly mixing the waste cotton short fibers obtained in the step (1) and the polyester short fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:1, opening and carding to form a fiber web, uniformly laying the fiber web on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, starting the liquid jet spinning machine to jet spinning liquid, and drafting the jetted spinning liquid by wind power to form flame-retardant fibers with the diameter of 100-300 nm (the spinning speed is 0.05mL/min, the air pressure is 0.02MPa, and the receiving distance is 45 cm). The flame-retardant fiber net is regularly collected on a waste polyester-cotton short fiber net which is laid on a receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber net (the weight ratio of the waste polyester-cotton short fiber to the flame-retardant micro-nano fiber is 3:1);
(4) Preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and drafting and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the blended flame-retardant composite yarn.
Yarn performance tests show that: the linear density of the blended flame-retardant composite yarn was 45tex, and the breaking tenacity and elongation at break were 6.91N and 8.19%, respectively.
The flame retardant property test shows that: the limit oxygen index of plain woven fabric woven by the blended flame-retardant composite yarn is improved to 29.2% from 19.5% of pure cotton fabric, and the damage length is reduced to 6.2cm from complete damage.
The washing resistance test shows that: after 30 times of washing, the limit oxygen index of the fabric was 27.7% (29.2% before washing), and the damaged length was 6.9cm (6.2 cm before washing), indicating good flame retardancy durability.
Example 5:
the method for preparing the flame-retardant functional composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste polyester is recycled and prepared into polyester staple fibers with the thickness of 5-40 mu m and the length of 30-50 mm by a melting regeneration method;
(2) Uniformly dispersing a melamine cyanurate fire retardant with the mass fraction of 20% in a polyacrylonitrile solution with the concentration of 11% (the solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide) to prepare a liquid spraying spinning solution;
(3) And (2) opening and carding the waste polyester staple fibers obtained in the step (1) to form fiber webs, uniformly laying the fiber webs on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, starting the liquid jet spinning machine to jet out spinning liquid, and drafting the jetted spinning liquid by wind power to form flame-retardant fibers with the diameter of 400-600 nm (the spinning speed is 0.05mL/min, the air pressure is 0.017MPa, and the receiving distance is 45 cm). The flame-retardant fiber web is regularly collected on a waste polyester staple fiber web which is laid on a receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber web (the weight ratio of the waste polyester staple fiber to the flame-retardant micro-nano fiber is 3:1);
(4) Preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and drawing and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the functional composite yarn.
Yarn performance tests show that: the composite yarn had a linear density of 53tex and a tenacity at break and elongation at break of 11.12N and 10.2%, respectively.
The flame retardant property test shows that: the limit oxygen index of plain weave fabric woven by the composite yarn is improved to 30.5% from 20.0% of pure polyester fabric, and the damage length is reduced to 5.0cm from complete damage.
The washing resistance test shows that: after 30 times of washing, the limit oxygen index of the fabric is 29.8% (30.5% before washing), and the damage length is 5.8cm (5.0 cm before washing), indicating good flame-retardant durability.
Example 6:
the method for preparing the antibacterial composite yarn comprises the following steps:
(1) Waste cotton cloth is recycled and prepared into cotton staple fibers with the thickness of 5-20 mu m and the length of 20-50 mm by a mechanical method;
(2) Uniformly dispersing the nano copper particles in a polyethylene glycol terephthalate solution to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution;
(3) And (2) opening and carding the waste cotton short fibers obtained in the step (1) to form fiber webs, uniformly laying the fiber webs on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, starting the liquid jet spinning machine to jet spinning liquid, and drafting the jetted spinning liquid by wind power to form antibacterial micro-nanofibers with the diameter of 100-300 nm (the spinning speed is 0.05mL/min, the air pressure is 0.02MPa, and the receiving distance is 45 cm). The antibacterial micro-nano fiber web is regularly collected on the waste cotton short fiber web which is laid on the receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber web (the weight ratio of the waste cotton short fibers to the antibacterial micro-nano fibers is 3:1);
(4) Preparing the prepared composite fiber net into uniform raw slivers, and drawing and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the antibacterial composite yarn.
Yarn performance tests show that: the composite yarn had a linear density of 47tex and a tenacity at break and elongation at break of 7.09N and 8.27%, respectively.
The antibacterial performance test shows that: the plain weave fabric woven by the antibacterial function composite yarns has the bacteriostasis rate of 83.07 percent to escherichia coli, the bacteriostasis rate of 85.25 percent to staphylococcus aureus and the bacteriostasis rate of 23.98 percent to candida albicans.
The washing resistance test shows that: after 30 times of washing, the inhibition rate of the fabric on escherichia coli is 80.43%, the inhibition rate of staphylococcus aureus is 84.35%, and the inhibition rate of candida albicans is 22.55%, which shows that the fabric has better antibacterial and washing fastness.
In view of the fact that the embodiments of the scheme of the invention are numerous, all components and process parameters can be determined in corresponding ranges according to actual requirements, experimental data of each embodiment are numerous and are not suitable for being enumerated and explained one by one, but the contents to be verified and the obtained final conclusion of each embodiment are approximate. Therefore, the contents of the verification of each example will not be described one by one, and only examples 1 to 6 will be used as representatives to describe the excellent points of the present invention.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of functional composite yarn for recycling waste textiles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), recycling waste fabrics to obtain short fibers;
step (2), uniformly dispersing the functional additive in a polymer solution to prepare a liquid jet spinning solution; wherein the viscosity of the liquid jet spinning solution is 200-1000 cp;
step (3), opening and carding the short fibers obtained in the step (1) into short fiber webs, and then uniformly laying the short fiber webs on a receiving device of a liquid jet spinning machine, wherein the rotating speed of a receiving roller is 30-50 r/min; starting a liquid jet spinning machine to jet out the spinning solution obtained in the step (2), drawing the jetted spinning solution by wind power to form functional micro-nano long fibers, and regularly collecting the functional micro-nano long fibers on a short fiber net which is laid on a receiving device in advance to form a composite fiber net; wherein the weight ratio of the short fiber net to the functional micro-nano long fiber in the composite fiber net is 3:1-4:1;
and (4) preparing the composite fiber net obtained in the step (3) into uniform raw slivers, and drafting and twisting the raw slivers through a roving frame and a spinning frame in sequence to prepare the functional composite yarn.
2. The method for preparing the functional composite yarn by recycling waste textiles according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the waste textiles are pure cotton or pure polyester with a single component.
3. The method for preparing functional composite yarn by recycling waste textiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the staple fiber has a thickness of 5-40 μm and a length of 20-50 mm.
4. The method for preparing the functional composite yarn by recycling waste textiles according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the functional auxiliary agent is one or more of a flame retardant, an antibacterial agent, a waterproof agent and an antistatic agent.
5. The method for preparing the functional composite yarn by recycling the waste textiles as claimed in claim 4, wherein the flame retardant is one of a phosphorus flame retardant and a nitrogen flame retardant; the antibacterial agent is a metal ion antibacterial agent.
6. The method for preparing the functional composite yarn of recycled waste textiles according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the diameter of the functional micro-nano long fiber is 100-600 nm.
7. The method for preparing the functional composite yarn by recycling waste textiles according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the spinning speed of a liquid jet method is 0.04-0.06 mL/min, the air pressure is 0.015-0.02 MPa, and the receiving distance is 40-50 cm.
8. The method for preparing the functional composite yarn by recycling waste textiles according to claim 7, wherein the short fibers obtained in step (1) can be uniformly mixed with other short fibers before step (3) and then are opened and carded to obtain a short fiber web.
9. A functional composite yarn made by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. A textile prepared by processing the functional composite yarn of claim 9 and other yarns, wherein the mass content of the functional composite yarn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 100%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211027571.5A CN115652489A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Functional composite yarn of recycled waste textiles and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN202211027571.5A CN115652489A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Functional composite yarn of recycled waste textiles and preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2022-08-25 CN CN202211027571.5A patent/CN115652489A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20230131 |