CN115651534A - Super-hydrophobic coating, self-cleaning coating, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Super-hydrophobic coating, self-cleaning coating, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115651534A CN115651534A CN202211419746.7A CN202211419746A CN115651534A CN 115651534 A CN115651534 A CN 115651534A CN 202211419746 A CN202211419746 A CN 202211419746A CN 115651534 A CN115651534 A CN 115651534A
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Abstract
The invention provides a super-hydrophobic coating, a self-cleaning coating, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of self-cleaning materials. The hydrophobic fumed silica has low surface energy and provides a nano structure required by a coating, the epoxy resin with a medium epoxy value enables the coating to have high strength and chemical resistance after being cured, the colorless and transparent organic silicon resin can provide a certain rough structure on the surface of the coating and reduce the temperature and time required by curing, and the coating has excellent thermal oxidation stability, so that the coating formed by the coating has a super-hydrophobic characteristic, excellent binding force, mechanical property and high light transmittance. The self-cleaning coating prepared by the coating has a static contact angle of liquid drops of up to 171 degrees in pure water, which shows that the coating has a static contact angle required by super-hydrophobicity, and surface impurities such as dust and the like can be easily taken away by the water drops, so that the self-cleaning coating has a good self-cleaning function and has great significance for long-term and high-efficiency operation of a solar cell photovoltaic panel used outdoors and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of self-cleaning materials, in particular to a super-hydrophobic coating, a self-cleaning coating, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The solar cell operates outdoors for a long time, the light transmittance of the solar cell is affected due to dust accumulation and blocking on the surface, accumulated dust and dirt can cause light scattering and increase heat resistance, and more seriously, the net efficiency of the solar cell is reduced to 30-40% by deposited dust within eight months after the solar cell is installed, the efficiency and the service life of the solar cell are seriously affected, and the solar cell needs to be cleaned and maintained manually frequently. Therefore, the surface of the solar cell packaging glass has high light transmission and self-cleaning effects at the same time, and the photovoltaic device can operate efficiently and stably for a long time.
Onda et al 1996 report on Langmuir that a superhydrophobic solid film with a growth thickness of about 100 μm was prepared using self-assembly technology, which is a first time a superhydrophobic surface by artificial synthesis.
In StatusSolidiRRL, ghosh et al, 2012 reports that the super-hydrophobic surface is prepared by controlling the dimension of a nano array to be far smaller than the wavelength of light by using an ion radiation method, but the used material contains perfluorinated sulfonic acid, so that the cost is high and the material has certain toxicity.
The Chinese patent with the application number of CN201910097351.1 discloses a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning coating for a solar cell glass panel, fluorinated alkyl chlorosilane is used in the preparation process, fluorine is high in price and toxic, a spin coating process is carried out in three steps, and the time is too long, complex and tedious.
The Chinese patent with the application number of CN201810969830.3 discloses a preparation method of a self-cleaning solar cell panel film with a lotus leaf bionic structure, the material used in the preparation method is provided with a fluorine-containing block copolymer, the reaction time is as long as 36 hours, and the cost is high.
Li Jian et al on TiO 2 And SiO 2 Modifying the particles to obtain corresponding hydrophobic particles, and sprayingThe method prepares the surface of the super-hydrophobic particles. However, because the bonding force between the silica spheres and the base material is weak, after a certain degree of friction, the hydrophobicity of the surface is reduced (Li Jian, ling Jing, xu Ming, and the like; one-step spray coating method is used for preparing the surface of the low-adhesion super-hydrophobic particles [ J]The university of northwest university newspaper: nature science edition, 2014,50 (5): 6.).
In summary, the self-cleaning coatings prepared in the prior art are either costly, toxic, or cumbersome in steps, or the bonding force between the hydrophobic coating and the substrate is weak.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a super-hydrophobic coating, a self-cleaning coating, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a super-hydrophobic coating, which comprises a silicone resin diluent, an epoxy resin diluent and a hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension;
the silicone resin diluent is obtained by dissolving silicone resin and a silicone resin curing agent in a first organic solvent;
the epoxy resin diluent is obtained by dissolving epoxy resin and an epoxy resin curing agent in a second organic solvent; the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 0.25-0.45;
the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension is obtained by dispersing hydrophobic fumed silica into a third organic solvent;
in the super-hydrophobic coating, the mass ratio of the silicon resin to the epoxy resin is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100.
Preferably, the concentration of the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension is 8 to 12mg/mL.
Preferably, the silicone resin curing agent includes a silane coupling agent 550.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the first organic solvent is 1:4, and the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the silicone resin curing agent is 20.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the second organic solvent is 1:4, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the epoxy resin curing agent is 4:1.
The invention provides a self-cleaning coating, which is prepared from the super-hydrophobic coating in the scheme; the self-cleaning coating comprises hydrophobic fumed silica, silicone resin and epoxy resin; the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the epoxy resin is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100;
the water contact angle of the self-cleaning coating is 158-171 degrees, and the rolling angle is 0-1 degree; the light transmittance is 90-93.6% for light with the wavelength of 360-780 nm.
The invention provides a preparation method of the self-cleaning coating, which comprises the following steps: and spraying the super-hydrophobic coating on the surface of the substrate, and drying to obtain the self-cleaning coating.
Preferably, the spraying pressure is 8-12 psl, the spraying distance is 5-8 cm, and the spraying time is 2-3 s.
Preferably, the drying is drying at 150-200 ℃ for 90-120 minutes; or dried at room temperature for at least 180 minutes.
The invention provides an application of the self-cleaning coating or the self-cleaning coating prepared by the preparation method in the scheme in solar cell packaging glass.
The invention provides a super-hydrophobic coating, which comprises a silicone resin diluent, an epoxy resin diluent and a hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension; the silicone resin diluent is obtained by dissolving silicone resin and a silicone resin curing agent in a first organic solvent; the epoxy resin diluent is obtained by dissolving epoxy resin and an epoxy resin curing agent in a second organic solvent; the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 0.25-0.45; the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension is obtained by dispersing hydrophobic fumed silica into a third organic solvent; in the super-hydrophobic coating, the mass ratio of the silicon resin to the epoxy resin is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100.
The hydrophobic fumed silica has low surface energy and provides a nano structure required by a coating, the epoxy resin with a medium epoxy value enables the coating to have high strength and chemical resistance after being cured, the colorless and transparent organic silicon resin can provide a certain rough structure on the surface of the coating and reduce the temperature and time required by curing, and the coating has excellent thermal oxidation stability, so that the coating formed by the coating has a super-hydrophobic characteristic, excellent binding force, mechanical property and high light transmittance.
The results of the embodiment show that the self-cleaning coating prepared by the coating has a static contact angle of liquid drops of 171 degrees at most in pure water, and the coating has a static contact angle required by super-hydrophobicity, and surface impurities such as dust and the like can be easily taken away by the water drops, so that the self-cleaning coating has a good self-cleaning function and has great significance for long-term and high-efficiency operation of a solar cell photovoltaic panel used outdoors and the like.
In addition, the coating of the invention does not contain fluorine and has no toxic or harmful effect.
The self-cleaning coating is obtained by a low-cost and simple spraying process, has wider adaptation conditions, and can meet the preparation of large-area coatings.
The invention needs to be dried after spraying, the required temperature is up to 200 ℃, the drying can be satisfied in a common drying oven, the drying time is short, the invention has the advantage of low cost, and the industrialization is easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the static contact angle of the self-cleaning coating of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the static contact angle of the self-cleaning coating of example 2;
FIG. 3 a schematic static contact angle of the self-cleaning coating of example 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the static contact angle of the self-cleaning coating of example 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the static contact angle of the self-cleaning coating of example 5;
FIG. 6 is the transmittance of the photovoltaic glass after the self-cleaning coating is attached to the pure photovoltaic glass and the embodiments 1 to 3;
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron microscope schematic of the surface of the self-cleaning coating of example 1;
FIG. 8 is a scanning electron micrograph of the surface of the self-cleaning coating of example 2;
figure 9 is a scanning electron microscopy schematic of the surface of the self-cleaning coating of example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a super-hydrophobic coating, which comprises a silicone resin diluent, an epoxy resin diluent and a hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension;
the silicone resin diluent is obtained by dissolving silicone resin and a silicone resin curing agent in a first organic solvent;
the epoxy resin diluent is obtained by dissolving epoxy resin and an epoxy resin curing agent in a second organic solvent; the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 0.25-0.45;
the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension is obtained by dispersing hydrophobic fumed silica into a third organic solvent;
in the super-hydrophobic coating, the mass ratio of the silicon resin to the epoxy resin is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100.
In the present invention, the starting materials used are all commercially available products well known in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The super-hydrophobic coating provided by the invention comprises a silicone resin diluent.
In the invention, the silicone resin diluent is obtained by dissolving silicone resin and a silicone resin curing agent in a first organic solvent. In the present invention, the preparation of the silicone resin diluent preferably includes: and dissolving the silicone resin into the first organic solvent, adding the silicone resin curing agent after uniformly stirring, and stirring again for at least more than 30 minutes to obtain the silicone resin diluent. In the present invention, the silicone resin curing agent preferably includes a silane coupling agent 550; the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the first organic solvent is preferably 1:4, and the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the silicone resin curing agent is preferably 20. In the present invention, the first organic solvent is preferably a monohydric alcohol, and more preferably absolute ethanol. In the present invention, the silicone resin functions to increase light transmittance and reduce the temperature and time required for curing.
The super-hydrophobic coating provided by the invention comprises epoxy resin diluent.
In the invention, the epoxy resin diluent is obtained by dissolving epoxy resin and an epoxy resin curing agent in a second organic solvent. In the present invention, the preparation of the epoxy resin diluent preferably comprises the steps of: and dissolving epoxy resin into the second organic solvent, uniformly stirring, adding an epoxy resin curing agent, and stirring again for at least 30 minutes to obtain the epoxy resin diluent. In the present invention, the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is preferably 0.25 to 0.45, more preferably 0.3 to 0.45; in an embodiment of the present invention, the epoxy resin is epoxy resin E44, i.e. having an epoxy value of 0.44. In the present invention, the second organic solvent preferably includes acetone; the curing agent preferably includes curing agent 593. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the second organic solvent in the epoxy resin diluent is preferably 1:4, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the epoxy resin curing agent is preferably 4:1. In the invention, the epoxy resin has high strength and high adhesiveness, not only can be used as an adhesive to improve the bonding force between the self-cleaning coating and the substrate, but also can improve the mechanical property and the wear resistance of the coating, so that the hydrophobicity of the coating is not weakened along with the time within a long time and the coating is not easily damaged by external force.
According to the invention, the epoxy resin and the silicon resin are compounded for use, so that the curing temperature and the curing time of the coating can be reduced, and the high light transmittance of the silicon resin and the high strength of the epoxy resin are combined to endow the coating with excellent bonding force, mechanical property and high light transmittance.
The super-hydrophobic coating provided by the invention comprises a hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension.
In the present invention, the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension is obtained by dispersing the hydrophobic fumed silica into the third organic solvent. In the present invention, the preparation of the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension preferably comprises: and adding the hydrophobic fumed silica into the second organic solvent, uniformly stirring, and then placing the mixture in an environment of 40-50 ℃ for ultrasonic treatment for 30-40 minutes to obtain the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersed suspension. The hydrophobic fumed silica is not particularly critical to the invention and any hydrophobic fumed silica known in the art can be used. In the embodiment of the invention, the Hydrophobic fumed silica is Hydrophobic-100 type purchased from Mecline, the particle size is 7-40 nm, and the purity is 99.8%. In the present invention, the third organic solvent is preferably absolute ethanol. In the present invention, the concentration of the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersed suspension is preferably 8 to 12mg/mL, more preferably 10mg/mL.
The preparation method of the super-hydrophobic coating has no special requirements, and the silicon resin diluent, the epoxy resin diluent and the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension are directly and uniformly mixed. In the embodiment of the invention, the silicone resin diluent and the epoxy resin diluent are added into the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension according to a proportion, and the hydrophobic fumed silica suspension added with the resin is stirred and subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
In the invention, the silicon resin diluent, the epoxy resin diluent and the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension are preferably used in an amount such that the mass ratio of the silicon resin to the epoxy resin in the super-hydrophobic coating is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100. Specifically, the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the epoxy resin may be 3:1, 1:1 or 1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicone resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is preferably (15-20): 100, more preferably (19-20): 100.
the invention provides a self-cleaning coating, which is prepared from the super-hydrophobic coating in the scheme; the self-cleaning coating comprises hydrophobic fumed silica, silicone resin and epoxy resin; the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the epoxy resin is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100; the water contact angle of the self-cleaning coating is 158-171 degrees, and the rolling angle is 0-1 degree; the light transmittance is 90-93.6% for light with the wavelength of 360-780 nm.
The invention provides a preparation method of the self-cleaning coating, which comprises the following steps: and (3) spraying the super-hydrophobic coating on the surface of a substrate, and drying to obtain the self-cleaning coating.
The invention has no special requirement on the type of the base material, and can be used for various optical device packaging glasses requiring high light transmittance, and the technical personnel in the field can select the glass according to the actual requirement. For example, when the solar cell sealing glass is to be provided with a self-cleaning function, the substrate is the solar cell sealing glass.
The present invention preferably cleans the substrate prior to spraying. In the present invention, the washing preferably includes: adding hydrogen peroxide into concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain cleaning solution; and placing the substrate in a cleaning solution, shaking for 10-30 seconds, taking out, washing with deionized water for 5 seconds, drying with nitrogen, and repeating for 3-5 times. In the present invention, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is preferably 30%, the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is preferably 98.3%, and the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the concentrated sulfuric acid is preferably 3:7 to 1:5.
According to the invention, concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution are mixed and then cleaned, so that organic matters on the surface of the base material can be removed, and the film forming effect of the subsequent spraying process is better.
In the present invention, the pressure of the spraying is preferably 8 to 12psl, more preferably 9 to 11psl, the spraying distance is preferably 5 to 8cm, more preferably 6 to 7cm, and the time is preferably 2 to 3s.
The invention adopts a spraying process, is simple and convenient, and is more suitable for industrial production. The invention can make the caliber of the spray gun fully cover the surface of the base material by controlling the pressure and the spraying distance of the spray gun, so that the sprayed particles can be uniformly adhered to the base material, and the film forming effect is uniform.
In the present invention, the drying is preferably performed at 150 to 200 ℃ for 90 to 120 minutes; or dried at room temperature for at least 180 minutes.
The invention provides application of the self-cleaning coating in the scheme on solar cell packaging glass.
The super-hydrophobic coating, the self-cleaning coating, the preparation method and the application thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Firstly, cleaning the surface of a photovoltaic glass sheet, adding hydrogen peroxide (with the mass concentration of 30 percent and AR) into concentrated sulfuric acid (with the mass concentration of 98.3 percent) according to the volume ratio of 3:7, putting the glass sheet into the glass sheet, shaking for 15 seconds, taking out, washing for 5 seconds by using deionized water, drying by using nitrogen, repeating the step for 3 times, and finally putting the glass sheet into a clean sample box for later use.
(2) Preparation of hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension: 0.1g of hydrophobic fumed silica is added into 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirred uniformly and then placed in an environment with the temperature of 40 ℃ for 30 minutes of ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Preparing an epoxy resin diluent: 0.4g of epoxy resin E44 is dissolved in 1.6g of acetone, stirred uniformly, then 0.1g of curing agent 593 is added, and stirring is carried out for 30 minutes again.
(4) Preparing a silicon resin diluent: 0.4g of the silicone resin was dissolved in 1.6g of absolute ethanol, and after stirring uniformly, 0.02g of the silane coupling agent 550 was added, and stirring was carried out again for 30 minutes.
(5) Adding 0.07g of the prepared silicon resin diluent into the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension, then adding 0.03g of the prepared 0.4 epoxy resin diluent, stirring uniformly, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
(6) Adjusting the pressure of a spray gun to 10psl, placing the glass sheet on a clamping table, spraying for 2s at a distance of 8cm, placing the glass sheet in a drying box at 120 ℃, and drying for 90 minutes to obtain the transparent self-cleaning coating.
Example 2
(1) Firstly, cleaning the surface of a photovoltaic glass sheet, adding hydrogen peroxide (30 percent, AR) into concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 1:5, putting the glass sheet into the concentrated sulfuric acid, shaking for 20 seconds, taking out, washing with deionized water for 5 seconds, drying with nitrogen, repeating the step for 4 times, and finally putting into a clean sample box for later use.
(2) Preparation of hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension: 0.1g of hydrophobic fumed silica is taken and dissolved in 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and after being uniformly stirred, 0.03 is placed in an environment with the temperature of 45 ℃ for 30 minutes of ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Preparing an epoxy resin diluent: 0.4g of epoxy resin E44 is dissolved in 1.6g of acetone, stirred uniformly, then 0.1g of curing agent 593 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes again.
(4) Preparing a silicon resin diluent: 0.4g of silicone resin is dissolved in 1.6g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and after stirring uniformly, 0.02g of silane coupling agent 550 is added, and stirring is carried out again for 30 minutes.
(5) And adding 0.05g of the prepared silicon resin dispersion liquid into the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension, then adding 0.05g of the prepared epoxy resin diluent, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
(6) The pressure of a spray gun is adjusted to 10psl, and the glass sheet is placed on a clamping table and sprayed for 2s at a distance of 8 cm. The glass sheet is placed in a drying oven at 150 ℃ and dried for 90 minutes to obtain the transparent self-cleaning coating.
Example 3
(1) Firstly, cleaning the surface of a photovoltaic glass sheet, adding hydrogen peroxide (30 percent, AR) into concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 3:7, putting the glass sheet into the concentrated sulfuric acid, shaking for 25 seconds, taking out, washing for 5 seconds by using deionized water, drying by using nitrogen, repeating the step for 5 times, and finally putting the glass sheet into a clean sample box for later use.
(2) Preparation of hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension: 0.1g of hydrophobic fumed silica is taken and dissolved in 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and after being uniformly stirred, the mixture is placed in an environment with the temperature of 45 ℃ for 30 minutes of ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Preparing an epoxy resin diluent: 0.4g of epoxy resin E44 is dissolved in 1.6g of acetone, stirred uniformly, then 0.1g of curing agent 593 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes again.
(4) Preparing a silicon resin diluent: 0.4g of silicone resin is dissolved in 1.6g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and after stirring uniformly, 0.02g of silane coupling agent 550 is added, and stirring is carried out again for 30 minutes.
(5) And adding 0.03g of the prepared silicon resin dispersion liquid into the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension, then adding 0.07g of the prepared epoxy resin diluent, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
(6) The pressure of a spray gun is adjusted to 10psl, and the glass sheet is placed on a clamping table and sprayed for 2s at a distance of 8 cm. The glass sheet is placed in a drying oven at 150 ℃ and dried for 120 minutes to obtain the transparent self-cleaning coating.
Example 4
(1) Firstly, cleaning the surface of a photovoltaic glass sheet, adding hydrogen peroxide (30 percent, AR) into concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 3:7, putting the glass sheet into the concentrated sulfuric acid, shaking for 30 seconds, taking out, washing with deionized water for 5 seconds, drying with nitrogen, repeating the step for 5 times, and finally putting into a clean sample box for later use.
(2) Preparation of hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension: 0.1g of hydrophobic fumed silica is dissolved in 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and after uniform stirring, the mixture is placed in an environment at 40 ℃ for 30 minutes under ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Preparing an epoxy resin diluent: 0.4g of epoxy resin E44 is dissolved in 1.6g of acetone, stirred uniformly, then 0.1g of curing agent 593 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes again.
(4) Preparing a silicon resin diluent: 0.4g of silicone resin is dissolved in 1.6g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and after stirring uniformly, 0.02g of silane coupling agent 550 is added, and stirring is carried out again for 30 minutes.
(5) Adding 0.04g of the prepared silicon resin dispersion liquid into the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension, then adding 0.06g of the prepared epoxy resin diluent, stirring uniformly, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
(6) The pressure of a spray gun is adjusted to 10psl, and the glass sheet is placed on a clamping table and sprayed for 2s at a distance of 8 cm. The glass sheet is placed in a drying oven at 150 ℃ and dried for 120 minutes to obtain the transparent self-cleaning coating.
Example 5
(1) Firstly, cleaning the surface of a photovoltaic glass sheet, adding hydrogen peroxide (30 percent, AR) into concentrated sulfuric acid with the volume ratio of 3:7, putting the glass sheet into the concentrated sulfuric acid, shaking for 30 seconds, taking out, washing with deionized water for 5 seconds, drying with nitrogen, repeating the step for 5 times, and finally putting into a clean sample box for later use.
(2) Preparation of hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension: 0.1g of hydrophobic fumed silica is taken and dissolved in 10mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and after being uniformly stirred, the mixture is placed in an environment with the temperature of 45 ℃ for 30 minutes of ultrasonic treatment.
(3) Preparing an epoxy resin diluent: 0.4g of epoxy resin E44 is dissolved in 1.6g of acetone, stirred uniformly, then 0.1g of curing agent 593 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes again.
(4) Preparing a silicon resin diluent: 0.4g of the silicone resin was dissolved in 1.6g of absolute ethanol, and after stirring uniformly, 0.02g of the silane coupling agent 550 was added, and stirring was carried out again for 30 minutes.
(5) And adding 0.06g of the prepared silicon resin dispersion liquid into the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension, then adding 0.04g of the prepared epoxy resin diluent, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
(6) The pressure of the spray gun is adjusted to 10psl, and the glass sheet is placed on a clamping table and sprayed for 2s at a distance of 8 cm. The glass sheet was dried at room temperature for 180 minutes to obtain a clear self-cleaning coating.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the epoxy resin is omitted and the result shows that the coating does not have the effect of film formation.
And (3) performance characterization:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the static contact angle of the self-cleaning coating of example 1; as shown in figure 1, in pure water, the static contact angle of liquid drops is as high as 171 degrees, which shows that the coating has good super-hydrophobicity, so that surface impurities such as dust and the like can be easily taken away by the water drops, and the packaging glass on the surface of the solar cell has a good self-cleaning function.
FIGS. 2 to 5 are schematic diagrams of the static contact angles of the self-cleaning coatings of examples 2 to 5 in sequence; the results show that example 2 has a static contact angle of 162.4 °, example 3 has a static contact angle of 168.5 °, example 4 has a static contact angle of 160.0 °, example 3 has a static contact angle of 161.8 °, both appear superhydrophobic.
FIG. 6 is the transmittance of the photovoltaic glass after the self-cleaning coating is attached to the pure photovoltaic glass and the embodiments 1 to 3; wherein silicone 30% epoxy 70% refers to example 3, silicone 50% epoxy 50% refers to example 2, and silicone 70% epoxy 30% refers to example 1. As shown in fig. 6, after the prepared coating is coated on the surface of glass, the light transmittance is higher than that of pure glass when the main absorption waveband of the solar cell is 460-760 nm, and the coating has 93% light transmittance, so that the absorption of the photovoltaic solar cell on light is promoted, and the working efficiency of a photovoltaic module is higher.
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron microscope schematic of the surface of the self-cleaning coating of example 1; FIG. 8 is a scanning electron microscope schematic of the surface of the self-cleaning coating of example 2; FIG. 9 is a scanning electron microscope schematic of the surface of the self-cleaning coating of example 3; under a scanning electron microscope, the surface appearances of the coatings with different resin ratios in the embodiments can be seen, and the surface appearances of the coatings have uniform and compact rough structures and accord with Cassie surface structures required by super-hydrophobicity.
Putting the samples of the examples 1-3 into concentrated sulfuric acid (98.3%) solution to be soaked for 120 minutes, taking out, dripping water on the soaked samples, and rolling the water drops on the surface of the self-cleaning coating, which indicates that the surface structure of the coating is not damaged and the hydrophobicity is not influenced; the samples of examples 1 to 3 were pressed and immersed in water with tweezers, and after repeating the operation 5 times, the surface structure of the coating was taken out without being destroyed and without affecting the hydrophobicity. The self-cleaning coating disclosed by the invention has excellent binding force and good stability.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The super-hydrophobic coating is characterized by comprising a silicone resin diluent, an epoxy resin diluent and a hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension;
the silicone resin diluent is obtained by dissolving silicone resin and a silicone resin curing agent in a first organic solvent;
the epoxy resin diluent is obtained by dissolving epoxy resin and an epoxy resin curing agent in a second organic solvent; the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 0.25-0.45;
the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension is obtained by dispersing hydrophobic fumed silica into a third organic solvent;
in the super-hydrophobic coating, the mass ratio of the silicon resin to the epoxy resin is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100.
2. The superhydrophobic coating of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the hydrophobic fumed silica dispersion suspension is 8-12 mg/mL.
3. The superhydrophobic coating of claim 1, wherein the silicone curing agent comprises a silane coupling agent 550.
4. The superhydrophobic coating of claim 1 or 3, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the first organic solvent is 1:4, and the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the silicone resin curing agent is 20.
5. The superhydrophobic coating of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the second organic solvent is 1:4 and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the epoxy resin curing agent is 4:1.
6. A self-cleaning coating prepared from the superhydrophobic coating of any one of claims 1-5; the self-cleaning coating comprises hydrophobic fumed silica, silicone resin and epoxy resin; the mass ratio of the silicone resin to the epoxy resin is 3:1-1:3; the mass ratio of the total mass of the silicon resin and the epoxy resin to the hydrophobic fumed silica is (10-25): 100;
the water contact angle of the self-cleaning coating is 158-171 degrees, and the rolling angle is 0-1 degree; the light transmittance is 90-93.6% for light with the wavelength of 360-780 nm.
7. A method for preparing a self-cleaning coating according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: and spraying the super-hydrophobic coating on the surface of the substrate, and drying to obtain the self-cleaning coating.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the spraying pressure is 8 to 12psl, the spraying distance is 5 to 8cm, and the time is 2 to 3s.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the drying is drying at 150 to 200 ℃ for 90 to 120 minutes; or dried at room temperature for at least 180 minutes.
10. Use of the self-cleaning coating of claim 6 or the self-cleaning coating prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 7 to 9 on solar cell packaging glass.
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