CN115650648A - Functional gradient ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Functional gradient ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115650648A CN115650648A CN202211456359.0A CN202211456359A CN115650648A CN 115650648 A CN115650648 A CN 115650648A CN 202211456359 A CN202211456359 A CN 202211456359A CN 115650648 A CN115650648 A CN 115650648A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011374 ultra-high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite materials, and particularly relates to a functional gradient ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of fine aggregate, 70-80% of cementing material, alkali activator, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and steel fiber; the cementing material comprises 50-70% of slag, 20-30% of metakaolin and 10-20% of silica fume by mass percent; the proportion of the total mass of the fine aggregate and the cementing material to the alkali activator is 1kg:200 to 350ml; polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 0-1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate; the steel fiber accounts for 3.3 to 16.5 percent of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate. The invention can generate cavitation effect and acoustic flow effect on the steel fiber in the ultra-high ductility geopolymer composite material by utilizing the ultrasonic technology, so that the steel fiber is uniformly distributed, and impurities of the steel fiber and bubbles in slurry are removed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite materials, and particularly relates to a functionally graded ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Many efforts have been made to increase the strength of concrete so far, but brittle fracture has limited the application of high-strength concrete as a corollary to the increase in strength of high-strength concrete. In addition, the production of a large amount of carbon dioxide in the traditional portland cement production process runs counter to the requirement of reducing carbon and emission advocated today. Therefore, ultra-high ductility polymer composites have been produced in this context.
Document 1 (Huangshengyu, huangxinxiong, liweiwen, etc.; method and apparatus for preparing fiber-oriented fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete) discloses a method and apparatus for preparing fiber-oriented fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete, in which steel fibers are rotated by an external electric field to achieve the effect of fiber-oriented arrangement.
However, the distribution and orientation of the steel fibers have great influence on the mechanical properties, and the above patents can only regulate and control the orientation of the steel fibers, but cannot solve the problem of the distribution state of the steel fibers, and even cannot realize the concept of functional gradient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a functional gradient ultra-high ductility polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof, which can generate cavitation effect and acoustic flow effect on steel fibers in the ultra-high ductility polymer composite material by utilizing an ultrasonic technology, so that the steel fibers are uniformly distributed, and impurities of the steel fibers and bubbles in slurry are removed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material comprises fine aggregate, a cementing material, an alkali activator, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and steel fiber, wherein:
the mass percentage of the fine aggregate is 20-30%, the mass percentage of the cementing material is 70-80%, and the sum of the mass percentage of the fine aggregate and the mass percentage of the cementing material is hundred;
the cementing material comprises, by mass, 50-70% of slag, 20-30% of metakaolin and 10-20% of silica fume;
the proportion of the total mass of the fine aggregate and the cementing material to the alkali activator is 1kg:200 to 350ml;
polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 0-1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate;
the steel fiber accounts for 3.3 to 16.5 percent of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate.
Further preferably, the fine aggregate is river sand.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the alkali activator is obtained by mixing a 10mol/L aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with a water glass solution at a mass ratio of 3.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the slag has a water content of 0.45%, a specific surface area of 429m2/kg, a density of 3100kg/m3 and a particle diameter of less than 45 μm; the particle size of the metakaolin is 2 mu m, and the specific surface area is 25000m < 2 >/kg; the silica fume density is 625kg/m < 3 >, and the particle size is 0.1-0.3 mu m.
Also provided is a method for preparing a functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material, comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing fine aggregate, a cementing material, an alkali activator, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and steel fiber according to mass percentage;
step S2, adding fine aggregate after the slag, the metakaolin and the silica fume are mixed uniformly in a dry mode, and performing dry mixing to obtain a solid mixture;
step S3, adding an alkali activator into the solid mixture obtained in the step S2 and stirring;
s4, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers and steel fibers, uniformly stirring to obtain ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry, pouring the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry into a mold, vibrating the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry, and vibrating to obtain the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry with the uniformly dispersed fibers;
and S5, demolding after curing to obtain the functionally graded ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite material.
In a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the step S2, the stirring speed is 200 to 300r/min, and the stirring time is 2 to 3 minutes; in the step S3, the stirring speed is 400-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 3-4 minutes.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in step S4, a titanium alloy ultrasonic vibration rod is used to vibrate the ultra-high ductility geopolymer slurry; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave adopts a fixed value of 20kHz, and the power of the ultrasonic wave generator is from 2000W to 3000W in sequence.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing and curing step S5 is carried out for 28 days.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the addition of the steel fiber can enhance the compressive strength, and the addition of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber can improve the ductility, reduce the peeling damage and effectively prevent the crack from developing.
2. The ultrasonic wave of the invention can promote the steel fiber in the slurry to generate cavitation effect and acoustic streaming effect, greatly reduce the agglomeration phenomenon of the steel fiber, uniformly disperse the steel fiber and remove the steel fiber impurities and the bubbles in the slurry.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for preparing the functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymeric composite material in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials in connection with which the documents are cited. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including but not limited to.
The present application provides a preferred embodiment, a functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite, comprising fine aggregate, gelling material, alkaline activator, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, steel fiber, wherein:
the aggregate is 20-30 wt%, the cementing material is 70-80 wt%, and the sum of the aggregate and the cementing material is hundred wt%.
The cementing material comprises, by mass, 50-70% of slag, 20-30% of metakaolin and 10-20% of silica fume;
the proportion of the total mass of the fine aggregate and the cementing material to the alkali activator is 1kg:200 to 350ml.
Polyvinyl alcohol fiber accounts for 0-1% of the total mass; the steel fiber accounts for 3.3 to 16.5 percent of the total mass.
The application also provides a preparation method of the functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing fine aggregate, a cementing material, an alkali activator, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and steel fiber according to mass percentage;
step S2, mixing the slag, the metakaolin and the silica fume uniformly, adding the fine aggregate, and mixing the fine aggregate and the silica fume uniformly to obtain a solid mixture;
step S3, adding an alkali activator into the solid mixture obtained in the step S2 and stirring;
s4, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers and steel fibers, uniformly stirring to obtain ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry, pouring the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry into a mold, vibrating the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry, and vibrating to obtain the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry with the uniformly dispersed fibers;
and S5, demolding after curing to obtain the functionally graded ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite material.
In the following examples of the invention, the raw materials used were:
fine aggregate: river sand, purchased on the market;
slag: the water content of the iron and steel is 0.45 percent and the specific surface area is 429m 2 A density of 3100kg/m 3 The particle size is less than 45 mu m;
metakaolin: the particle size is 2 μm, the specific surface area is 25000m 2 /kg；
Silica fume: the density of the industrial silicon slag is 625kg/m 3 The grain diameter is 0.1-0.3 mu m;
alkaline activators: preparing 10mol/L NaOH aqueous solution and Na 2 O·2SiO 2 The solution is obtained by mixing according to the mass ratio of 3;
polyvinyl alcohol fibers: the fiber is purchased from the market, the length of the fiber is 12mm, the tensile strength is 1600MPa, and the density is 1300kg/m 3 The viscosity temperature coefficient is 0.6;
steel fiber: the fiber is purchased from the market, the length of the fiber is 12 to 14mm, the diameter is 0.18 to 0.23mm, and the density is 7800kg/m 3 。
Example 1
Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (0% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (3.3% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the slag, the metakaolin, the silica fume and the fine aggregate into a stirrer and stirring for 2 minutes at 300r/min to obtain a solid mixture; slowly adding an alkali activator, stirring for 3 minutes at a speed of 400r/min by a stirrer, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers and steel fibers, uniformly stirring the ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer slurry, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing a titanium alloy ultrasonic vibration rod into the ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer slurry, vibrating for 4 minutes at the frequency of 20kHz and the power of an ultrasonic generator of 2000W to obtain the ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer slurry with uniformly dispersed fibers;
(2) Covering the surface of the mould with a plastic film, and curing for 28 days at normal temperature and normal humidity to obtain the functionally graded ultrahigh-ductility polymerized composite material.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20 parts of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20 parts of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 5
The method is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (16.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (0% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (3.3% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 7
The method is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 8
The method is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 9
The method is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein, 50% of slag, 30% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (0.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (9.9% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 10
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 50%, the metakaolin is 30%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (0% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (3.3% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 11
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (60% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 12
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein the slag is 60%, the metakaolin is 20%, and the silica fume is 20%), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 13
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein, 60% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 14
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein, 60% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (16.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 15
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein, 60% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 16
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein, 60% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (16.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 17
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein, 60% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 18
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
20% of fine aggregate, 80% of cementing material (wherein, 60% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 20% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 19
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (0% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (303% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 20
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (0.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (9.9% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 21
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (16.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 22
The method is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein, 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 23
The method is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (16.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 24
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
Example 25
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (16.5% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 26
The difference from example 1 is that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg, 300ml), polyvinyl alcohol fiber (0% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate), and steel fiber (3.3% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate).
Example 27
The method is the same as example 1 except that the raw materials are weighed according to the following percentages:
30% of fine aggregate, 70% of cementing material (wherein, 70% of slag, 20% of metakaolin and 10% of silica fume), alkali activator (the proportion of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate to the alkali activator is 1kg.
TABLE 1 vibration conditions of examples 1 to 20 and comparative examples 1 to 5
The functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 27 were tested for their properties, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 summary of the examples and test results
From the comparison of the experimental results of Table 2, it is understood that the compressive strength and ultimate strain of the functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material are increased as the ultrasonic power, vibration time, steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and slag are increased. Comparing examples 1, 4 and 5, examples 2, 6 and 7, examples 3, 8 and 9, examples 10, 13 and 14, examples 11, 15 and 16, examples 12, 17 and 18, examples 19, 22 and 23, examples 20, 24 and 25, examples 21, 26 and 27, it was found that the compressive strength can be increased by 21.8 to 37.4% and the ultimate strain by 14.9 to 43.9 with the increase of the contents of the steel fibers and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers under the same ultrasonic power. As can be seen from the comparison of examples 1 to 18, when the contents of slag, metakaolin and silica fume are the same, the higher the ultrasonic power is, the longer the vibration time is, the compressive strength and ultimate strain of the functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material are correspondingly reduced, and the lower the dispersion index and the cross-sectional average fiber area of the steel fiber are, which means that the vibration time is longer when the ultrasonic power is higher, the more obvious the steel fiber and polyvinyl alcohol fiber in the functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material are layered, and the obvious effect of the preparation method of the present invention is demonstrated.
The steel fibers in the matrix can play a bridging role, improve the energy absorption capacity and toughness and overcome the brittleness problem. The slag, metakaolin and other cementing materials are used for replacing the traditional portland cement, so that the requirement of the cement can be reduced, and the green sustainable development is realized. Through the gradient distribution of the components and the fibers, the using amount of the steel fibers can be reduced, and the mechanical property and the economic benefit are improved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The meaning of "and/or" as used herein is intended to include both the individual components or both.
The term "connected" as used herein may mean either a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite, characterized by: the composite material comprises fine aggregate, a cementing material, an alkali activator, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and steel fiber, wherein:
the mass percentage of the fine aggregate is 20-30%, the mass percentage of the cementing material is 70-80%, and the sum of the mass percentage of the fine aggregate and the mass percentage of the cementing material is hundred;
the cementing material comprises, by mass, 50-70% of slag, 20-30% of metakaolin and 10-20% of silica fume;
the proportion of the total mass of the fine aggregate and the cementing material to the alkali activator is 1kg:200 to 350ml;
polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 0-1% of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate;
the steel fiber accounts for 3.3 to 16.5 percent of the total mass of the cementing material and the fine aggregate.
2. The functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the fine aggregate is river sand.
3. The functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the alkali activator is obtained by mixing 10mol/L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and water glass solution according to the mass ratio of 3.
4. The functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite according to claim 1, wherein: the water content of the slag is 0.45 percent, and the specific surface area is 429m 2 /kg, density 3100kg/m 3 The particle size is less than 45 mu m; the metakaolin has the particle size of 2 mu m and the specific surface area of 25000m 2 Per kg; the silica fume density is 625kg/m 3 And the particle diameter is 0.1-0.3 μm.
5. A method for preparing a functionally graded ultra-high ductility polymer composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing fine aggregate, a cementing material, an alkali activator, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and steel fiber according to mass percentage;
step S2, mixing the slag, the metakaolin and the silica fume uniformly, adding the fine aggregate, and mixing the fine aggregate and the silica fume uniformly to obtain a solid mixture;
step S3, adding an alkali activator into the solid mixture obtained in the step S2 and stirring;
s4, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers and steel fibers, uniformly stirring to obtain ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry, pouring the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry into a mold, vibrating the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry, and vibrating to obtain the ultra-high-ductility geopolymer slurry with the fibers uniformly dispersed;
and S5, demolding after curing to obtain the functionally graded ultrahigh-ductility geopolymer composite material.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the step S2, the stirring speed is 200-300 r/min, and the stirring time is 2-3 minutes; in the step S3, the stirring speed is 400-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 3-4 minutes.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: in the step S4, a titanium alloy ultrasonic vibration rod is adopted to vibrate the ultra-high ductility geopolymer slurry; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave adopts a fixed value of 20kHz, and the power of the ultrasonic wave generator is from 2000W to 3000W in sequence.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: and in the step S5, sealing and maintaining are carried out for 28 days.
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