CN115640927A - Safety management method for construction of tower cylinder of cooling tower - Google Patents
Safety management method for construction of tower cylinder of cooling tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN115640927A CN115640927A CN202211291081.6A CN202211291081A CN115640927A CN 115640927 A CN115640927 A CN 115640927A CN 202211291081 A CN202211291081 A CN 202211291081A CN 115640927 A CN115640927 A CN 115640927A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety management method for cooling tower barrel construction, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age; s2: compiling a construction plan; s3: and carrying out safety management in the construction period based on the construction plan. By the method for managing the construction safety of the tower barrel of the cooling tower, a construction plan can be compiled in advance according to the stability of the tower barrel, so that construction management is facilitated; the template dismounting condition can be judged according to the actual construction condition through the stability of the tower barrel, so that the safety of the tower barrel in the construction period is ensured; the stability state of the tower can be estimated in advance according to extreme weather forecast, and risk avoidance measures are taken; the winter construction plan can be made in advance according to the construction progress, and construction management is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling tower construction, and particularly relates to a safety management method for cooling tower barrel construction.
Background
Cooling towers are important buildings for circulating water systems in power plants. The cooling tower is generally in a hyperbolic structure, and is a typical spatial thin-wall shell structure.
With the adjustment of energy structures and the rapid development of electric power construction industry, a batch of ultra-large cooling towers which exceed the standard height limit value and break through world records are continuously built. With the increase of the height and the wall thickness of the ultra-large cooling tower and the increase of the radius of the tower drum, the structural rigidity and the stability are further reduced, the construction period of the tower drum is prolonged, and the construction of the tower drum structure needs to take longer time, so that the construction of the tower drum is generally difficult to finish capping in a natural year.
In northern areas, the method is also influenced by factors such as strong wind, low temperature, rainfall and snowfall, and how to overwinter becomes a problem which cannot be ignored. With the application of cooling towers in nuclear power engineering, the influence of extreme weather such as typhoon, tornado and the like needs to be considered for the larger cooling towers in coastal areas.
In the construction of an ultra-large cooling tower, the construction of a tower barrel is the most critical and difficult part in the whole construction process, and the safety influence on the construction period is particularly prominent. The cooling tower is generally constructed by adopting a formwork overturning or creeping method, and the safety and stability of the tower are poor due to the fact that the concrete strength of the tower is not completely formed in the construction period and the effects of wind load, construction load and the like in the construction period. Therefore, how to ensure the construction safety of the tower of the cooling tower is crucial.
At present, a tower barrel construction safety management method capable of effectively and comprehensively considering factors of construction progress, weather and the like does not exist, and the method brings a plurality of problems to the construction process of the cooling tower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the cooling tower barrel construction safety management method is disclosed, and the cooling tower barrel construction safety can be effectively improved through the cooling tower barrel construction safety management method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a safety management method for cooling tower barrel construction comprises the following steps: s1: determining the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age; s2: compiling a construction plan; s3: and carrying out safety management in the construction period based on the construction plan.
According to a preferred embodiment, step S1 comprises: according to the concrete mixing proportion to be adopted by the tower to be constructed, a concrete experiment is carried out, and the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age is determined.
According to a preferred embodiment, step S2 comprises:
step S21: primarily making a construction plan according to the concrete engineering quantity of the tower, the construction difficulty, the total number of templates of the tower, construction machinery, personnel, technology and the like;
step S22: determining the construction starting time of the tower drums, and primarily compiling the construction date of each template of each tower drum, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time;
step S23: determining daily average temperature of each section of template during construction according to the project weather report and by combining the construction date of each section of template;
step S24: preliminarily determining construction load and action position according to the construction method and machinery of the tower barrel of the cooling tower;
step S25: calculating the concrete age of each section of template according to the construction date, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time of each section of template, and determining the concrete strength of each section of template of the constructed tower barrel according to the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age by combining the daily average temperature during construction;
step S26: establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model;
step S27: adopting finite element software to carry out stability analysis, and judging whether the requirements are met or not according to the stability analysis result;
if the requirements are met, performing stability rechecking on the next section of template; if the requirements are not met, returning to the step S21, adjusting the construction plan, prolonging the construction time of the section or the nearest 2-3 sections of templates, or postponing the template removal time, and checking again until the requirements are met;
and circularly performing stability analysis until each section of template analysis and stability rechecking are completed, determining the construction time of each section of template, and finishing construction planning.
According to a preferred embodiment, in the step S24, the construction load includes a construction work platform load and a construction tower crane fixed point load; the construction operation platform load refers to a construction load acting on the wall of the tower drum, and comprises equipment, personnel and materials, and the load is applied to the top of the annular wall of the tower drum according to a line; and constructing a fixed point load of the tower crane, and constructing the cylinder wall of the tower cylinder in a concentrated force mode.
According to a preferred embodiment, in step S26, the loads in the finite element model include gravity, wind load and construction load; and determining the value of the wind load according to the method in the step S25 by referring to the current specification and the concrete strength.
According to a preferred embodiment, the finite element software in step S27 is not limited to ANSYS, SAP2000, MIDAS.
According to a preferred embodiment, step S3 specifically comprises: step S31: preliminarily compiling a project actual construction plan according to the actual construction time of the tower barrels and by combining the construction plan which passes the stability checking calculation, and preliminarily compiling the construction date, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time of each template of each tower barrel; step S32: preliminarily determining construction load and action position according to a construction method and machinery of a tower barrel of a cooling tower; step S33: before formwork stripping of the concrete on the wall of the cylinder, strength detection is carried out on the concrete curing test block under the same condition with the concrete on the tower cylinder to obtain concrete strength parameters; step S34: establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model; step S35: carrying out stability analysis by adopting finite element software; and judging whether the requirements are met or not according to the stability analysis result, if so, removing the template, otherwise, reinforcing the maintenance until the stability requirement is met, removing the template for concrete pouring of the next section of template, and repeating the steps until the tower drum is capped.
According to a preferred embodiment, in step S34, the loads in the finite element model include gravity, wind load and construction load; the value of the wind load refers to the current standard; the concrete strength is determined according to the method of step S33; in step S35, the finite element software includes ANSYS, SAP2000, MIDAS.
According to a preferred embodiment, when the cooling tower barrel cannot be constructed in a natural year and needs to live through winter, the method for determining the downtime is as follows: step S41: preliminarily determining the shutdown date according to the project meteorological report and in combination with the requirements of relevant specifications for shutdown in winter; step S42: determining daily average air temperature day by day from the shutdown date according to the project meteorological report; step S43: according to the construction date of the templates, the concrete pouring time and the template removing time, the age before the templates are removed is calculated, the daily average temperature during construction is combined, and the concrete strength of each template of the constructed tower is determined according to the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and the age; step S44: and judging whether the concrete strength meets the standard requirement, and returning to S41 to readjust the downtime if the concrete strength does not meet the standard requirement.
According to a preferred embodiment, the method for managing the construction safety of the cooling tower barrel further comprises the step of rechecking the stability of the attachment point of the tower crane, and the method comprises the following specific steps: determining the installation time of the attachment point of the tower crane according to the construction plan; determining the position and the load of a tower crane attachment point; determining concrete strength parameters according to the age and maintenance conditions of the concrete; establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model; step S55: and (3) carrying out stability analysis by adopting finite element software, judging whether the requirements are met or not according to the stability analysis result, if the requirements are not met, adjusting the positions and the number of the attachment points of the tower crane, checking and calculating again until the stability requirements are met, and repeating the steps until the position of each attachment point of the tower crane is verified.
The aforementioned main aspects of the invention and their respective further alternatives can be freely combined to form a plurality of aspects, all of which are aspects that can be adopted and claimed by the present invention. The skilled person in the art can understand various combinations according to the prior art and the common general knowledge after understanding the solution of the present invention, and the combinations are all the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, and are not exhaustive here.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by the cooling tower drum construction safety management method, (1) a construction plan can be compiled in advance according to the stability of the cooling tower drum, so that construction management is facilitated; (2) The template dismounting condition can be judged according to the actual construction condition through the stability of the tower barrel, so that the safety of the tower barrel in the construction period is ensured; (3) The stability state of the tower can be estimated in advance according to extreme weather forecast, and risk avoidance measures are taken; (4) The winter construction plan can be made in advance according to the construction progress, and construction management is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for managing safety in the construction of a tower of a cooling tower.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a method for managing safety of a cooling tower drum construction is shown, and the method for managing safety of the cooling tower drum construction comprises the following steps: s1: determining the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age; s2: compiling a construction plan; s3: and carrying out safety management in the construction period based on the construction plan.
Preferably, the step S1 determines the corresponding relationship between the concrete strength and the temperature and age; concrete experiments are carried out according to the mix proportion of the concrete to be adopted by the engineering tower drum, and the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and the age is determined.
Preferably, the construction plan of step S2 is compiled; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S21: and primarily compiling a construction plan according to the concrete engineering quantity of the tower, the construction difficulty, the total number of the tower templates, construction machinery, personnel, technology and the like.
Step S22: determining the construction starting time of the tower drums, and primarily compiling the construction date, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time of each template of each tower drum.
Step S23: and determining the daily average temperature of each section of template during construction according to the project weather report and the construction date of each section of template.
Step S24: and preliminarily determining construction load and action position according to a construction method and machinery. The construction load comprises a construction operation platform load and a construction tower crane fixed point load. The construction operation platform load refers to construction load acting on the wall of the tower drum, and comprises equipment, personnel, materials and the like, and can be applied to the top of the annular drum wall of the tower drum according to linear load. A tower crane is constructed to fix point load, and the wall of the tower cylinder is generally constructed in a concentrated force mode. The magnitude and point of application of the construction load is generally provided by the construction unit.
Step S25: and calculating the concrete age of each template according to the construction date, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time of each template, and determining the concrete strength of each template of the constructed tower barrel by combining the daily average air temperature during construction and the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age.
Step S26: and establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model. The finite element software tower barrel adopts a shell unit. The load in the finite element model comprises gravity, wind load and construction load. The value of the wind load refers to the current standard. The concrete strength is determined according to the method of step S25.
Step S27: stability analysis was performed using commercial finite element software. The commercial finite element software may be ANSYS, SAP2000, MIDAS, etc. And judging whether the requirements are met according to the stability analysis result. And if the requirements are met, performing stability rechecking on the next section of template. And if the requirements are not met, returning to S21, adjusting the construction plan, prolonging the construction time of the section or the nearest 2-3 sections of templates, or postponing the template removal time, and checking again until the requirements are met. And the process is circulated until each section of formwork analysis and stability rechecking are completed, the construction time of each section of formwork is determined, and the construction planning is completed.
Preferably, the construction period safety management of the step S3; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S31: and preliminarily compiling a project actual construction plan according to the actual construction time of the tower barrels and by combining the construction plan which passes the stability checking calculation, and preliminarily compiling the construction date, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time of each template of each tower barrel.
Step S32: and preliminarily determining construction load and action position according to a construction method and machinery. The construction load comprises a construction operation platform load and a construction tower crane fixed point load. The construction operation platform load refers to construction load of the tower drum wall, comprises equipment, personnel, materials and the like, and can be applied to the top of the annular drum wall of the tower drum according to linear load. A tower crane is constructed to fix point load, and the wall of the tower cylinder is generally constructed in a concentrated force mode. The magnitude and point of application of the construction load is generally provided by the construction unit.
Step S33: and before the formwork stripping of the concrete on the cylinder wall, carrying out strength detection on the concrete curing test block under the same condition with the concrete on the concrete tower cylinder to obtain a concrete strength parameter.
Step S34: and establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model. The finite element software tower barrel adopts a shell unit. The load in the finite element model comprises gravity, wind load and construction load. The value of the wind load refers to the current standard. The concrete strength is determined according to the method of step S33.
Step S35: stability analysis was performed using commercial finite element software. The commercial finite element software may be ANSYS, SAP2000, MIDAS, etc. And judging whether the requirements are met according to the stability analysis result. If the requirements are met, the template can be removed. Otherwise, the maintenance is reinforced until the stability requirement is met, the formwork can be dismantled for concrete pouring of the next section of formwork, and the steps are repeated until the tower drum is capped.
If the tower drum of the cooling tower cannot be constructed in a natural year and needs to live through the winter, the shutdown time needs to be judged in advance, and the construction progress needs to be arranged reasonably, so that the stability of the tower drum meets the overwintering condition. According to the requirements of relevant specifications, winter construction is carried out when the average outdoor daily temperature is continuously 5 days and is stably lower than 5 ℃, and winter construction is removed when the average outdoor daily temperature is continuously 5 days and is higher than 5 ℃. Meanwhile, the time from the end of construction maintenance to the initial freezing of the concrete member is not less than one month and the concrete member is prevented from contacting with water. The strength of the concrete in winter construction when contacting the negative temperature is more than 10N/mm 2 。
The method for determining the winter downtime comprises the following steps:
step S41: and according to the project meteorological report, and in combination with the requirements of related specifications for winter shutdown, preliminarily determining the shutdown date.
Step S42: from the shutdown date, the daily average air temperature is determined day by day according to the project weather report.
Step S43: according to the construction date of the templates, the concrete pouring time and the template removing time, the age before the templates are removed is calculated, the daily average temperature during construction is combined, and the concrete strength of each template of the constructed tower is determined according to the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age.
Step S44: and judging whether the concrete strength meets the standard requirement, and returning to S41 to readjust the downtime if the concrete strength does not meet the standard requirement.
The method for managing the construction safety of the tower barrel of the cooling tower further comprises the step of rechecking the stability of the attachment point of the tower crane, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
step S51: and determining the installation time of the attachment point of the tower crane according to the construction plan.
Step S52: and determining the position and the load of the attachment point of the tower crane.
Step S53: and determining concrete strength parameters according to the age and maintenance conditions of the concrete.
Step S54: and establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model. The finite element software tower barrel adopts a shell unit. The load in the finite element model comprises gravity, wind load and construction load. The value of the wind load refers to the current standard. The concrete strength is determined according to the method of step S33.
Step S55: stability analysis was performed using commercial finite element software. The commercial finite element software may be ANSYS, SAP2000, MIDAS, etc. And judging whether the requirements are met according to the stability analysis result. And if the requirements are not met, adjusting the positions and the number of the attachment points of the tower cranes, checking the positions and the number again until the stability requirements are met, and repeating the steps until the positions of the attachment points of each tower crane are verified.
The construction embodiment of the tower tube template comprises the following steps: the cylinder wall engineering construction adopts a suspended scaffold die turning process, three layers of die carriers (templates and suspended scaffolds) are used as a circulating unit for circulating upward turning construction, after the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd sections (ordered from bottom to top) of cylinder wall construction is completed, the 4 th section of cylinder wall construction uses the 1 st section of die carrier, and then the 5 th section of cylinder wall uses the 2 nd section of cylinder wall die carrier, so on, and the upward construction is circulated in sequence.
By the method for managing the construction safety of the tower barrel of the cooling tower, a construction plan can be compiled in advance according to the stability of the tower barrel, so that construction management is facilitated; the template dismounting condition can be judged according to the actual construction condition through the stability of the tower barrel, so that the safety of the tower barrel in the construction period is ensured; the stability state of the tower can be evaluated in advance according to extreme weather forecast, and risk avoidance measures are taken; the winter construction plan can be made in advance according to the construction progress, and construction management is facilitated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A safety management method for cooling tower barrel construction is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1: determining the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and the age; s2: compiling a construction plan; s3: and carrying out safety management in the construction period based on the construction plan.
2. The method for the safety management of the construction of the tower barrel of the cooling tower as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises: according to the concrete mixing proportion to be adopted by the tower to be constructed, a concrete experiment is carried out, and the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and age is determined.
3. The method for managing the construction safety of the cooling tower barrel according to claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises:
step S21: primarily making a construction plan according to the concrete engineering quantity of the tower, the construction difficulty, the total number of templates of the tower, construction machinery, personnel, technology and the like;
step S22: determining the construction starting time of the tower drums, and primarily compiling the construction date of each template of each tower drum, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time;
step S23: determining daily average temperature of each section of template during construction according to the project weather report and by combining the construction date of each section of template;
step S24: preliminarily determining construction load and action position according to the construction method and machinery of the tower barrel of the cooling tower;
step S25: calculating the concrete age of each template according to the construction date, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time of each template, and determining the concrete strength of each template of the constructed tower barrel according to the corresponding relation of the concrete strength, the temperature and the age by combining the daily average air temperature during construction;
step S26: establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model;
step S27: adopting finite element software to carry out stability analysis, and judging whether the requirements are met or not according to the stability analysis result;
if the requirements are met, performing stability rechecking on the next section of template; if the requirements are not met, returning to the step S21, adjusting the construction plan, prolonging the construction time of the section or the nearest 2-3 sections of templates, or postponing the template removal time, and checking again until the requirements are met;
and circularly performing stability analysis until each section of template analysis and stability rechecking are completed, determining the construction time of each section of template, and finishing construction planning.
4. The method for the safety management of the construction of the cooling tower barrel according to the claim 3, wherein in the step S24, the construction load comprises a construction work platform load and a construction tower crane fixed point load;
the construction operation platform load refers to construction load acting on the wall of the tower drum, and comprises equipment, personnel and materials, and is applied to the top of the annular drum wall of the tower drum according to linear load; and constructing a fixed point load of the tower crane, and constructing the cylinder wall of the tower cylinder in a concentrated force mode.
5. The method for managing safety of tower barrel construction of cooling tower as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step S26, the loads in the finite element model include gravity, wind load and construction load; and determining the value of the wind load according to the method in the step S25 by referring to the current specification and the concrete strength.
6. The method for safety management of tower drum construction of cooling tower of claim 3, wherein said finite element software in step S27 is not limited to ANSYS, SAP2000, MIDAS.
7. The method for the safety management of the construction of the cooling tower barrel according to claim 3, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises:
step S31: preliminarily compiling a project actual construction plan according to the actual construction time of the tower barrels and by combining the construction plan which passes the stability checking calculation, and preliminarily compiling the construction date, the concrete pouring time and the template dismantling time of each template of each tower barrel;
step S32: preliminarily determining construction load and action position according to a construction method and machinery of a tower barrel of a cooling tower;
step S33: before formwork stripping of the concrete of the cylinder wall, carrying out strength detection on the concrete curing test block under the same condition with the concrete of the concrete tower cylinder to obtain concrete strength parameters;
step S34: establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model;
step S35: carrying out stability analysis by adopting finite element software; and judging whether the requirements are met or not according to the stability analysis result, if so, removing the template, otherwise, reinforcing the maintenance until the stability requirement is met, removing the template for concrete pouring of the next section of template, and repeating the steps until the tower drum is capped.
8. The method for managing safety of tower barrel construction of cooling tower as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S34, the loads in the finite element model include gravity, wind load and construction load; the value of the wind load refers to the current standard; the concrete strength is determined according to the method of step S33;
in step S35, the finite element software includes ANSYS, SAP2000, MIDAS.
9. The method for managing the construction safety of the cooling tower drum according to claim 7, wherein when the cooling tower drum cannot be constructed in a natural year and needs to live through the winter, the method for determining the downtime comprises the following steps:
step S41: preliminarily determining the shutdown date according to the project meteorological report and in combination with the requirements of relevant specifications for shutdown in winter;
step S42: determining daily average air temperature day by day from the shutdown date according to the project meteorological report;
step S43: according to the construction date of the templates, the concrete pouring time and the template removing time, the age before the templates are removed is calculated, the daily average temperature during construction is combined, and the concrete strength of each template of the constructed tower is determined according to the corresponding relation between the concrete strength and the temperature and the age;
step S44: and judging whether the concrete strength meets the standard requirement, and returning to S41 to readjust the downtime if the concrete strength does not meet the standard requirement.
10. The cooling tower and tower construction safety management method according to claim 9, further comprising performing stability rechecking on the attachment point of the tower crane, wherein the specific method is as follows:
determining the installation time of the attachment point of the tower crane according to the construction plan;
determining the position and the load of a tower crane attachment point;
determining concrete strength parameters according to the age and maintenance conditions of the concrete;
establishing a tower stability analysis finite element model;
step S55: and (3) carrying out stability analysis by adopting finite element software, judging whether the requirements are met or not according to the stability analysis result, if the requirements are not met, adjusting the positions and the number of the attachment points of the tower crane, checking and calculating again until the stability requirements are met, and repeating the steps until the position of each attachment point of the tower crane is verified.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116572381A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-11 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Prefabricated concrete member production regulation and control system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116572381A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-11 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Prefabricated concrete member production regulation and control system and method |
| CN116572381B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-31 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Prefabricated concrete member production regulation and control system and method |
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