CN115639597A - Carrying system fine depicting method based on seismic attributes - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for finely depicting a carrying system based on seismic attributes, which comprises the following specific steps: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of a target area; performing ancient landform restoration based on the obtained three-dimensional seismic data and well logging data of the target area, and establishing an ancient landform model; based on an ancient landform model, identifying a deposition carrying channel by utilizing three-dimensional seismic data, logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of a target area in a section-plane-space combined mode, identifying the form of the carrying channel on a section of a seismic grid frame, and constructing a carrying channel model; establishing a carrying system coupling mode, namely a source-channel-sink coupling mode, based on the ancient landform model and the carrying channel model; and finely depicting the carrying system of the target area according to the coupling mode of the carrying system, and finishing the depicting of the carrying system. The invention can analyze the source-sink system elements from the quantification angle and acquire the fine description of the carrying system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to a carrying system fine depicting method based on seismic attributes.
Background
Since the twenty-first century, the research on the source-sink system of sedimentary basins has matured, and the experts and scholars in China regard the whole process from degradation to transportation to accumulation of sediments as a complete source-sink system. The carrying channel is used as a key pivot of a space-time connector source region and a deposition region, characteristics of the carrying channel are clearly and finely described, and the carrying channel has important value for subsequent recovery and reconstruction of the carrying channel.
The debris substances generated by the weathering and corrosion of the source area are transported by the carrying channel and accumulated at the converging area or the slope folding belt corresponding to the carrying channel. The nature and scale of the sink area is largely determined by the size of the transfer passage, the water system conditions, and the amount of transfer capacity, and the size of the transfer passage is usually represented by objective quantitative factors such as the slope, length, curvature, and branch development degree of the transfer passage.
The traditional method mainly follows an inversion method for analyzing a source-sink system, namely reversely pushing and inverting the carrying form, carrying process and carrying quantity of a carrying channel and even geological information of an analyte source area from a sedimentary area on the basis of well drilling data and outcrop. Because in the traditional source-sink analysis system, the analysis of the source area and the sink area is more emphasized, and the analysis of the carrying channel is not emphasized enough. Therefore, this analysis method cannot finely describe the source passage and the path, cannot develop descriptions of the gradient, the width, the depth, the length, and the like of the transportation passage from the viewpoint of quantitative analysis, and can only obtain a rough transportation mode simply from the viewpoint of qualitative analysis, and therefore cannot finely restore the transportation passage.
In the process of identifying the carrying channels, the carrying channels are mainly divided into three categories: (1) The ancient valley type channels are mainly divided into four channels of U type, V type, W type and composite type according to the difference of the spreading patterns of the ancient valley type channels in space, and the channels of different types represent the forms of river development in different periods. The V-shaped ancient valley type channel represents the form of a river in the juvenile period of development, generally, the upstream of the river is easy to appear, the hydrodynamic characteristic is strongest, the branch river channel is the least, and the sand conveying capacity is strong. The U-shaped ancient valley type channel represents the form of a river in the growth and the maturity period, generally appears in a midstream region of the river, has strong hydrodynamic force characteristic and strongest sand conveying capacity, and mainly comprises vertical superposition and lateral accumulation of sediments. The W-shaped ancient valley type channel represents the form of the late development stage of a river, is easy to appear at the downstream of the river, and has the defects of weak hydrodynamic characteristics, weak sand conveying capacity and more branched rivers. In the process of spatial evolution, the river form is sequentially transited from a V shape to a U shape to a W shape, and the change of the river form characteristics from the source area to the deposition area is represented. (2) The broken groove type channel is divided into a single-broken groove type channel and a double-broken groove type channel. A single-break grooved channel refers to a groove formed by a single inclined fracture zone effect; the double-break groove type channel is a groove clamped by two groups of breaks (two groups of break belts with opposite or same tendencies) and forms a symmetrical structure in the direction vertical to an object source. (3) The structure conversion belt is a part with small change of the terrain height difference on the main boundary fracture belt, is an inlet for injecting a main debris source into a crack basin, and is mainly divided into a region transverse adjusting belt and a local conversion belt.
Ancient landforms are restored to have important significance for carrying the channel, and the ancient landforms control the space-time distribution characteristics of the denudation area, the transition area and the deposition area and influence the sediment distribution characteristics. However, in the existing process of depicting and carrying channels, the ancient landform is not restored by putting the foot down. In a source-sink system with extremely strong systematicness and integrity, ancient landforms are an important link, but because ancient landforms are difficult to characterize due to complexity and spatial distribution structure characteristics of restoration, although research literature reports exist at present, the ancient landforms are generally restored by different regions in an applicable method in an efficient and concise way, but the restored ancient landforms are not matched with the identified carrying channels consistently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a carrying system fine depicting method based on seismic attributes, which is characterized in that a three-dimensional ancient landform, a two-dimensional carrying channel system and a sedimentary facies are analyzed in a point-line-surface mode and system to obtain better response characteristics of the carrying system, and source-sink system elements can be analyzed from a quantification angle to obtain the fine depicting of the carrying system.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a carrying system fine depicting method based on seismic attributes, which comprises the following specific steps:
a data acquisition step: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of a target area;
an ancient landform model construction step: performing ancient landform restoration based on the obtained three-dimensional seismic data and well logging data of the target area, and establishing an ancient landform model;
carrying channel model construction: based on the ancient landform model, identifying a sedimentary transport channel by using three-dimensional seismic data, well logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of a target area in a section-plane-space combined mode, identifying the form of the transport channel on the section of a seismic grid frame, and constructing a transport channel model;
a carrying system coupling mode construction step: determining the dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediments based on the ancient landform model and the carrying channel model, and establishing a carrying system coupling mode, namely a source-channel-sink coupling mode, according to the determined dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediments;
a carrying system depicting step: and carrying out fine drawing on the carrying system of the target area according to the coupling mode of the carrying system to finish the drawing of the carrying system.
Preferably, in the ancient landform model construction, the concrete steps of establishing the ancient landform model are as follows:
a stratum correction step: correcting the true thickness of the stratum and recovering the true thickness of the stratum;
and a construction recovery step: carrying out denudation amount recovery on the stratum with the denudation section to obtain the thickness of the stratum with the denudation section, carrying out fault correction and fault recovery on the stratum affected by the fault, and carrying out deposition correction on the stratum to recover the thickness and the depth of ancient water before the stratum is compacted;
and (3) ancient landform modeling recovery: and performing ancient landform modeling restoration by applying petrel software according to the restored real thickness of the stratum, the thickness of the stratum at the denudation section, the fault, the thickness of the stratum before being compacted and the depth of the ancient water to obtain an ancient landform model.
Preferably, in the formation correction step, the specific method for correcting the true thickness of the formation is as follows:
gridding well position data and depth data of a target area, respectively selecting eight points in the target area in eight directions around the well position data points, and reading each point value;
calculating the well location data points and eight surrounding points to obtain inclination angle values of the well location data points and the eight surrounding points, wherein the maximum inclination angle value is the maximum inclination angle value of the well location data points;
and sequentially calculating the dip angle of each point to obtain the cosine value of each dip angle, and calculating to obtain the real stratum thickness of each well position according to the depth and the cosine value of the dip angle.
Preferably, in the step of constructing the restoration, a specific method for correcting and restoring the fault is as follows:
determining two reference points of the fault polygon according to the characteristics and the trend of the fault polygon;
combining fault polygons of the same fault on a target layer and a reference layer in pairs to obtain fault polygons;
eliminating abnormal values on the cross section of the fault polygon, and smoothing the fault by applying a linear difference value to the interior of the fault polygon according to the normal thicknesses of the upper and lower plates of the fault;
and (4) utilizing the smoothed fault to eliminate the fault distance, completing fault correction and recovering the fault.
Preferably, in the step of recovering the structure, the specific method for recovering the thickness and the depth of the ancient water of the stratum before being compacted by the sedimentation correction is as follows:
and (3) compaction correction: according to the principle that the volume of skeleton particles of the rock before and after compaction is unchanged and the thickness of the stratum before compaction is larger than the current thickness of the stratum, establishing a compaction equation, calculating the original porosity according to the compaction equation, and further recovering the thickness of the stratum before compaction according to the original porosity;
and (3) ancient water depth recovery: determining a strand trace of the target horizon, determining the containable space change and the sediment supply rate change in the target sequence by using the strand trace, and determining the depth of the ancient water on the seismic profile by using the determined maximum flooding surface and the strand trace.
Preferably, in the compaction correction step, the formation comprises sandstone, conglomerate and mudstoneA lithologic component is prepared, wherein the initial porosity of the sandstone is 45 percent, the compaction coefficient is 0.000412, and the compaction equation of the sandstone is
The initial porosity of the glutenite is 48 percent, the compaction coefficient is 0.000353, and the sandstone compaction equation is
The initial porosity of the mudstone is 49 percent, the compaction coefficient is 0.000686, and the sandstone compaction equation is
The lithology porosity at depth H, which represents the depth of the formation at which the formation was buried, is expressed in units of: m; according to the layered data and the lithological data in the single well, the percentage of three lithological components in the target stratum is respectively calculated, the target stratum is compacted and recovered according to a compaction equation, the thickness and the porosity of the target stratum in a geological historical period are calculated, and the initial thickness when the target stratum is deposited and not compacted, namely the thickness of the stratum before compaction is obtained.
Preferably, in the step of constructing the coupling mode of the transportation system, the specific method for establishing the coupling mode of the transportation system based on the ancient landform model and the transportation channel model is as follows:
preliminarily measuring geometric elements of the conveying channel from the section and the plane, describing four geometric characteristics of the width, the depth, the width-depth ratio and the sectional area of the conveying channel in detail, and describing a catchment unit; meanwhile, analyzing sedimentary facies types by using a rock core, a logging curve and seismic data, analyzing sand body distribution characteristics, verifying and identifying the strength of sand conveying capacity of a conveying channel, and knowing the change degree of the scale of the conveying channel of the sedimentary area from a source area water system to a sedimentary area water system;
combining an ancient landform model with a carrying channel model, and determining the predominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediment in a section-plane-space combination mode;
and establishing a carrying system coupling mode according to the dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediment, namely a source-channel-sink coupling mode of a multi-material source region-valley/broken groove/broken slope source channel-fan delta/lake bottom fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the earthquake attribute-based transportation system fine-description method provided by the invention introduces an analysis idea combining forward modeling and inversion, organically integrates geology, well logging and earthquake fine-description methods into the building of an ancient landform recovery and transportation system coupling mode to obtain the fine description of a transportation system, and systematically analyzes a three-dimensional ancient landform, a two-dimensional transportation channel system and a sedimentary facies in a point-line-surface form (namely a section-plane-space combined mode) to obtain better transportation corresponding characteristics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for fine characterization of a seismic attribute-based handling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a formation comparison method for calculating the depositional thickness of an unknown formation through adjacent formation comparison according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a carved drawing of an ancient landform and a carrying passage before a section of sand in an Chengjiang island-piled sea area is deposited according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the existing process of depicting a carrying channel, the ancient landform is not focused on restoration, the ancient landform restoration has important significance on the carrying channel, and the ancient landform controls space-time distribution characteristics of an ablation area, a transition area and a deposition area and influences sediment distribution characteristics. In a source-sink system with extremely strong systematicness and integrity, ancient landforms are an important link, but because ancient landforms are difficult to characterize due to complexity and spatial distribution structure characteristics of restoration, although research literature reports exist at present, the ancient landforms are generally restored by different regions in an applicable method in an efficient and concise way, but the restored ancient landforms are not matched with the identified carrying channels consistently. The invention provides a carrying system fine-description method based on seismic attributes, which introduces an analysis idea of combining forward modeling and inversion, organically integrates geological, well logging and seismic fine-description methods into the building of an ancient landform recovery and carrying system coupling mode, and obtains the fine description of a carrying system. According to the carrying system fine-carving method based on the seismic attributes, the three-dimensional ancient landforms, the two-dimensional carrying channel system and the sedimentary facies are analyzed in a point-line-surface mode and system, and therefore better response characteristics of the carrying system are obtained. The method for finely depicting the transportation system based on the seismic attributes is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for finely depicting a carrying system based on seismic attributes comprises the following specific steps:
s1, data acquisition step: and acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of the target area.
S2, building an ancient landform model: and performing ancient landform restoration based on the acquired three-dimensional seismic data and the acquired logging data of the target area, and establishing an ancient landform model.
The method comprises the following specific steps of establishing the ancient landform model:
s21, stratum correction: and correcting the true thickness of the stratum and recovering the true thickness of the stratum.
Specifically, the concrete method for correcting the true thickness of the stratum comprises the following steps:
gridding the well bit data and the depth data of the target area, respectively selecting eight points in the target area in eight directions around the well bit data point, and reading each point value;
calculating the well position data points and eight surrounding points to obtain inclination angle values of the well position data points and the eight surrounding points, wherein the maximum inclination angle value is the maximum inclination angle value of the well position data points;
and sequentially calculating the dip angle of each point to obtain the cosine value of each dip angle, and calculating the real stratum thickness of each well position according to the depth and the cosine value of the dip angle.
It should be noted that, in general, when the formation dip is small, the apparent formation thickness may be approximately equal to the actual formation thickness, but when the formation dip is large, especially when the raised edge may not be ignored.
S22, a structure recovery step: and carrying out degradation amount recovery on the stratum with the degradation section to obtain the thickness of the stratum with the degradation section, carrying out fault correction and fault recovery on the stratum affected by the fault, and carrying out sedimentation correction on the stratum to recover the thickness and the ancient water depth of the stratum before compaction.
Specifically, the denudation amount recovery is carried out by adopting a structure trend method and a stratum contrast method.
The tectonic geography is based on the following two conditions: (1) assuming that the formation is deposited with equal thickness before denudation; (2) it is assumed that the formation does not change much laterally during the deposition process. The thickness of the denuded stratum is estimated by interpolation based on the thickness of the non-denuded stratum and the sedimentary boundary (thickness is zero) or by extrapolation based on the thickness of the two non-denuded strata. The stratum contrast method is to calculate the deposition thickness of an unknown stratum through the contrast of adjacent strata,
referring to fig. 2, the dark stratum is selected as a reference layer, which represents that no denudation occurs at the slope; the deep recesses and the slopes have well locations, and the deep recesses represent the formation which is not degraded.
Specifically, the specific method for correcting and recovering the fault comprises the following steps:
determining two reference points of the fault polygon according to the characteristics and the trend of the fault polygon;
combining fault polygons of the same fault on a target layer and a reference layer in pairs to obtain fault polygons;
eliminating abnormal values on the cross section of the fault polygon, and smoothing the fault by applying a linear difference value to the interior of the fault polygon according to the normal thicknesses of the upper and lower plates of the fault;
and (4) utilizing the smoothed fault to eliminate the fault distance, completing fault correction and recovering the fault.
It should be noted that the fault correction mainly corrects the co-deposition fault and the fault formed after deposition.
Specifically, the specific method for restoring the thickness and the ancient water depth of the stratum before being compacted by deposition correction comprises the following steps:
and (3) compaction correction: according to the principle that the volume of skeleton particles of the rock before and after compaction is unchanged and the thickness of the stratum before compaction is larger than the current thickness of the stratum, a compaction equation is established, the original porosity is calculated according to the compaction equation, and then the thickness of the stratum before compaction is recovered according to the original porosity. The stratum contains three lithologic components of sandstone, conglomerate and mudstone, wherein the initial porosity of the sandstone is 45%, the compaction coefficient is 0.000412, and the compaction equation of the sandstone is
The initial porosity of the glutenite is 48 percent, the compaction coefficient is 0.000353, and the sandstone compaction equation is
The initial porosity of the mudstone is 49 percent, the compaction coefficient is 0.000686, and the sandstone compaction equation is
The lithology porosity at depth H, which represents the depth of the formation at which the formation was buried, is expressed in units of: m; and respectively counting the percentages of three lithologic components in the target stratum according to the layered data and the lithologic data in the single well, compacting and recovering the target stratum according to a compaction equation, calculating the thickness and porosity of each geological historical period of the target stratum, and obtaining the initial thickness of the non-compacted stratum when the deposition of the target stratum is finished, namely the thickness of the stratum before compaction.
And (3) ancient water depth recovery: determining a strand trace of a target layer, determining the containable space change and the sediment supply rate change in a target sequence by using the strand trace, and determining the depth of ancient water on a seismic profile by using the determined maximum flooding surface and the strand trace. Wherein, the vertical variation of the line track in space directly reflects the relative variation result of the lake plane.
It should be noted that the change of the accommodation space can reflect the change of the elevation of the lake plane, and the change of the sediment supply rate and the accommodation space affects the change rate of the lake plane of the fractured lake basin. The maximum flooding-surface is the interface formed by the largest sea (lake) invasion in the sequence, generally corresponding to the farthest coastal kick point, marking the end of the coastal sea invasion, the separation base is the interface formed by the largest sea (lake) invasion in the sequence, generally corresponding to the farthest above-shore kick point, marking the end of the line-of-action sea invasion, and separating the underlying retrograde formation from the overlying prozone formation. In the continental basin, a quasi-sequence formed primarily when there is insufficient supply of land-derived debris is propelled toward the land by a thin, continuous, deeper water deposit away from the land. The method is mainly characterized in that a front delta-half deep lake subphase mudstone and shale composed of mudstone, shale and the like are sedimentated, and logging response shows that a natural potential curve is straight, the resistivity value is high, the natural gamma value is changed from low to high, the shortage of supply of land-source debris during sedimentation is reflected, and the water body is relatively deep.
It should be noted that the return to compaction does not accurately represent the ancient topographic features of the time period. After stratum filling and completion, the surface of sediment is not a real plane but a curved surface slowly reducing towards the sediment center, so that ancient water depth recovery is needed; the ancient water depth recovery is a qualitative conjecture of the depth of the sedimentary water body through lithologic combination, sedimentary structure, ancient biological combination, authigenic minerals and the like. This example restores the depth of the ancient water by the sedimentary formations. Because the recovery of the depth of the ancient water is a complex and multifactorial process, errors are inevitable, but the recovery of the depth of the ancient water through a deposition structure can avoid overlarge deviation of an ancient biological method; the inaccuracy of the geochemical method can be avoided, the application range of the sedimentary structure for recovering the depth of the ancient water is wider, and the error range is generally smaller than that of the ancient biological method and the geochemical method.
S23, an ancient landform modeling recovery step: and performing ancient landform modeling restoration by applying petrel software according to the restored true thickness of the stratum, the thickness of the stratum of the denudation section, the fault, the thickness of the stratum before compaction and the ancient water depth to obtain an ancient landform model.
S3, carrying channel model construction: based on an ancient landform model, three-dimensional seismic data, well logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of a target area are utilized to identify a deposition carrying channel in a section-plane-space combined mode, the form of the carrying channel is identified on the section of a seismic grid frame (for example, an ancient valley type carrying channel needs to identify a U type, a V type, a W type or a composite type, and a broken groove type carrying channel needs to identify a single-broken groove type or double-broken groove type carrying channel), and a carrying channel model is constructed.
It should be noted that the high-precision restored ancient landform cannot completely and effectively conform to the transportation channel identified by the seismic facies, and the characteristics of the transportation channel can be more effectively reflected by the high-precision restored ancient landform in a time-space system according to the stratum development and change trend in the petrel software.
S4, a carrying system coupling mode construction step: and determining the dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediments based on the ancient landform model and the transport channel model, and establishing a transport system coupling mode, namely a source-channel-sink coupling mode, according to the determined dominant deposition direction and deposition flux of the sediments.
Specifically, the specific method for establishing the carrying system coupling mode based on the ancient landform model and the carrying channel model comprises the following steps:
s41, carrying out preliminary measurement on geometric elements of the conveying channel from the section and the plane, describing four geometric characteristics of the width, the depth, the width-depth ratio and the sectional area of the conveying channel in detail, and carrying out description on a catchment unit; meanwhile, the core, the logging curve and the seismic data are utilized to analyze the sedimentary facies type, analyze the sand body distribution characteristics, verify and identify the strength of the sand conveying capacity of the conveying channel, and know the degree of the scale of the conveying channel of the sedimentary area from the source area water system to the sedimentary area water system change (the change of the cross section area and the width-to-depth ratio, the change of the channel and the width, the undercutting effect of the water flow and the change of the conveying capacity).
Specifically, when the strength of the sand conveying capacity of the conveying channel is verified and identified, the sand conveying capacity is reflected by quantitatively counting the sand distribution area and the sand thickness and combining the scale (cross sectional area, length and depth) of the conveying channel. The sand body distribution area of the deposition area is wide, the thickness is large, and the conveying channel has strong capacity; the sand body distribution area of the deposition area is small, the thickness is thin, and the sand conveying capacity of the conveying channel is weak.
Specifically, through the seismic transverse section of the conveying channel, the change of the cross section area and the change of the depth of the conveying channel can be seen, and the change of the shape of the conveying channel can also be known (for example, the conveying channel of the valley is changed from a U shape to a V shape); through the earthquake longitudinal section of the carrying channel, the length change and the gradient change of the carrying channel can be known, so that the undercutting effect strength of the river can be known.
And S42, combining the ancient landform model with the carrying channel model, and determining the predominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediment in a section-plane-space combined mode.
The ancient landform restored by the three-dimensional angle can know where the deposition center of the deposition area is, and is suitable for large-scale sand body deposition; the two-dimensional angle of the carrying channel identification can clearly know the type of the carrying channel and whether large-scale sand bodies pass through the carrying channel, namely the problem of deposition flux; the preferential deposition direction of the sediment can be further perfected through the distribution range and the thickness of the sand bodies in the deposition area on the plane.
S43, establishing a carrying system coupling mode according to the dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux, namely, a source-channel-sink coupling mode of a multi-source region (source region), an ancient valley/broken groove/broken slope source channel (carrying region), a fan delta/lake bottom fan (deposition region).
S5, a carrying system depicting step: and carrying out fine drawing on the carrying system of the target area according to the coupling mode of the carrying system to finish the drawing of the carrying system.
Many large inland lakes in the east of China are surrounded by mountaineering belts or long-term raised areas, and are a source-sink system consisting of multilevel landform units from a source area, a alluvial plain to a shoreside lake and finally a deep lake. The invention discloses a carrying system fine depicting method based on seismic attributes, which introduces an analysis idea combining forward modeling and inversion, organically integrates geology, well logging and seismic fine depicting methods into the building of an ancient landform recovery and carrying system coupling mode to obtain the fine depicting of a carrying system, and can analyze source-sink system elements from a quantification angle to realize the carrying system fine depicting of the source-sink system.
The method for finely depicting the transportation system based on the seismic attributes is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Selecting a mountain river street group in a Bohai Bay ChengTao-Piyao region in a ancient near system period as a research object, wherein the research area is located in a Dushan draping construction band of a Long dike, pixi and ChengTao island, and is a boundary system between a depression with positive resistance and a depression in the Bohai and a break band of a Tan. Drilling 300 holes in a research area at present, and covering the whole area by high-resolution three-dimensional earthquake. In the early work, a stratum sequence stratigraphic framework is built, and the current stratum thickness contour map drawing of each stratum is completed. The carrying system fine depicting method based on the seismic attributes is adopted to carry out the carrying system fine depicting, and carrying channels can be effectively depicted. Chengqi island-stake sea area sand one section ancient landform before deposition and transport passageway portrayal refer to figure 3, as shown in figure 3, on the basis that ancient landform was resumeed to the high accuracy, based on drilling well logging and three-dimensional high resolution seismic data, section-plane-space combines together discernment and deposits 6 transport passageways, wherein V 1 、V 3 、V 5 Is a slot-cut type carrying passage, and V 2 、V 4 、V 6 Is an ancient valley type carrying channel. The quantitative statistics of one section of transport passageway in Chengji island-stake sea area is shown in table 1. The quantitative statistics of one section of transport passageway in Chengji island-stake sea area is shown in table 2.
TABLE 1
As shown in table 1, through statistics of geometrical parameters such as width, depth, width-depth ratio and sectional area of one section of different transport channels in the field of Chengjiang-pile sea, the deposition flux is carried in the comprehensive characterization, and the difference of the total transport amount of the broken groove and the ancient valley transport channel is compared, so that the width-depth ratio and the sectional area of the broken groove type transport channel can be definitely known to be obviously larger than the ancient valley type transport channel.
TABLE 2
| Channel | V1 | V4 |
| Channel type | Breaking groove | Ancient valley |
| Vertical height difference (m) of source region | 254 | 134 |
| Catchment area (m 2) | 94812 | 20055 |
| Maximum channel section area (m 2) | 40817.5 | 5022 |
| Maximum slope angle (°) | 21 | 11 |
| Length of conveyance channel (m) | 11254 | 2994 |
As shown in table 2, on the basis of quantitative statistics, a source-drain-sink transfer channel coupling mode of a multi-source region (source region) -valley/trough break (transfer region) -delta/lakebed fan (deposition region) is established.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are possible within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A carrying system fine depicting method based on seismic attributes is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
a data acquisition step: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of a target area;
an ancient landform model construction step: performing ancient landform restoration based on the obtained three-dimensional seismic data and well logging data of the target area, and establishing an ancient landform model;
carrying channel model construction: based on the ancient landform model, identifying a sedimentary transport channel by using three-dimensional seismic data, well logging data, layering data, physical property data and granularity data of a target area in a section-plane-space combined mode, identifying the form of the transport channel on the section of a seismic grid frame, and constructing a transport channel model;
a carrying system coupling mode construction step: determining the dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediments based on the ancient landform model and the carrying channel model, and establishing a carrying system coupling mode, namely a source-channel-sink coupling mode, according to the determined dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediments;
a carrying system depicting step: and carrying out fine drawing on the carrying system of the target area according to the coupling mode of the carrying system to finish the drawing of the carrying system.
2. The seismic attribute-based carrying system fine depicting method according to claim 1, wherein in the ancient landform model construction, the concrete steps of establishing the ancient landform model are as follows:
and (3) stratum correction: correcting the true thickness of the stratum and recovering the true thickness of the stratum;
and a construction recovery step: carrying out degradation amount recovery on the stratum with the degradation section to obtain the thickness of the stratum with the degradation section, carrying out fault correction and fault recovery on the stratum affected by the fault, and carrying out sedimentation correction on the stratum to recover the thickness and the ancient water depth of the stratum before compaction;
and (3) ancient landform modeling recovery: and performing ancient landform modeling restoration by applying petrel software according to the restored real thickness of the stratum, the thickness of the stratum at the denudation section, the fault, the thickness of the stratum before being compacted and the depth of the ancient water to obtain an ancient landform model.
3. The seismic attribute-based carrying system fine-characterization method according to claim 2, wherein in the stratum correction step, the concrete method for correcting the true thickness of the stratum is as follows:
gridding well position data and depth data of a target area, respectively selecting eight points in the target area in eight directions around the well position data points, and reading each point value;
calculating the well location data points and eight surrounding points to obtain inclination angle values of the well location data points and the eight surrounding points, wherein the maximum inclination angle value is the maximum inclination angle value of the well location data points;
and sequentially calculating the dip angle of each point to obtain the cosine value of each dip angle, and calculating to obtain the real stratum thickness of each well position according to the depth and the cosine value of the dip angle.
4. The seismic attribute-based carrying system fine-description method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the construction recovery step, the concrete method for fault correction and fault recovery is as follows: determining two reference points of the fault polygon according to the characteristics and the trend of the fault polygon;
combining fault polygons of the same fault on a target layer and a reference layer in pairs to obtain fault polygons;
eliminating abnormal values on the cross section of the fault polygon, and smoothing the fault by applying a linear difference value to the interior of the fault polygon according to the normal thicknesses of the upper and lower plates of the fault;
and (4) utilizing the smoothed fault to eliminate the fault distance, completing fault correction and recovering the fault.
5. The seismic attribute-based fine characterization method for a handling system of claim 2, wherein in the construction recovery step, the specific method for performing sedimentation correction to recover the thickness of the stratum before compaction and the depth of ancient water is as follows:
and (3) compaction correction: according to the principle that the volume of skeleton particles of the rock before and after compaction is unchanged and the thickness of the stratum before compaction is larger than the current stratum thickness, establishing a compaction equation, calculating the original porosity according to the compaction equation, and recovering the thickness of the stratum before compaction according to the original porosity;
and (3) ancient water depth recovery: determining a strand trace of a target layer, determining the containable space change and the sediment supply rate change in a target sequence by using the strand trace, and determining the depth of ancient water on a seismic profile by using the determined maximum flooding surface and the strand trace.
6. The seismic attribute-based handling system fine characterization method of claim 5 wherein in the compaction correction step, the formation has three lithologic components of sandstone, conglomerate and mudstone, wherein the sandstone has an initial porosity of 45%, a compaction coefficient of 0.000412, and a sandstone compaction equation of 45
The initial porosity of the glutenite is 48 percent, the compaction coefficient is 0.000353, and the sandstone compaction equation is
Initial hole of mudstoneThe porosity is 49 percent, the compaction coefficient is 0.000686, and the sandstone compaction equation is
The lithology porosity at depth H, which represents the depth of the formation at which the formation was buried, is expressed in units of: m; according to the layered data and the lithological data in the single well, the percentage of three lithological components in the target stratum is respectively calculated, the target stratum is compacted and recovered according to a compaction equation, the thickness and the porosity of the target stratum in a geological historical period are calculated, and the initial thickness when the target stratum is deposited and not compacted, namely the thickness of the stratum before compaction is obtained.
7. The seismic attribute-based carrying system fine depicting method according to claim 1, wherein in the carrying system coupling mode establishing step, a specific method for establishing a carrying system coupling mode based on the ancient landform model and the carrying channel model is as follows:
carrying out preliminary measurement on geometric elements of the conveying channel from a section and a plane, describing four geometric characteristics of the width, the depth, the width-depth ratio and the sectional area of the conveying channel in detail, and carrying out water collection unit description; meanwhile, analyzing sedimentary facies types by using rock cores, well logging curves and seismic data, analyzing sand body spreading characteristics, verifying and identifying the strength of sand conveying capacity of the conveying channel, and knowing the change degree of the scale of the conveying channel of the sedimentary area from a source area water system to a sedimentary area water system;
combining an ancient landform model with a carrying channel model, and determining the predominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediment in a section-plane-space combination mode;
and establishing a carrying system coupling mode according to the dominant deposition direction and the deposition flux of the sediment, namely a source-channel-sink coupling mode of a multi-material source region-valley/broken groove/broken slope source channel-fan delta/lake bottom fan.
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| CN117195511A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-12-08 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Quantitative calculation method for initial crust thickness and expansion coefficient |
| CN117665933A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | Deposition microphase characterization method for well pattern area under low resolution seismic data limit |
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| CN117195511A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-12-08 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Quantitative calculation method for initial crust thickness and expansion coefficient |
| CN117195511B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2024-04-30 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Quantitative calculation method for initial crust thickness and expansion coefficient |
| CN117665933A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | Deposition microphase characterization method for well pattern area under low resolution seismic data limit |
| CN117665933B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-06-11 | 西南石油大学 | Deposition microphase characterization method for well pattern area under low resolution seismic data limit |
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