CN115627032A - Polypropylene composite material with flame-retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for electric vehicle battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polypropylene composite material with flame-retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for electric vehicle battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115627032A CN115627032A CN202211568934.6A CN202211568934A CN115627032A CN 115627032 A CN115627032 A CN 115627032A CN 202211568934 A CN202211568934 A CN 202211568934A CN 115627032 A CN115627032 A CN 115627032A
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- electromagnetic shielding
- flame retardant
- expanded graphite
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- composite material
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- -1 Polypropylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag] NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100001234 toxic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004803 Di-2ethylhexylphthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- MGMXGCZJYUCMGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=1)OC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C1 MGMXGCZJYUCMGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BHSXLOMVDSFFHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-ethylsulfanylphenyl)methanamine Chemical compound CCSC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 BHSXLOMVDSFFHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021540 colemanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005288 electromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- LQFNMFDUAPEJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LQFNMFDUAPEJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000159 nickel phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HZPNKQREYVVATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diformate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O HZPNKQREYVVATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JOCJYBPHESYFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K nickel(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Ni+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JOCJYBPHESYFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/085—Copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/328—Phosphates of heavy metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/22—Halogen free composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a polypropylene composite material for an electric vehicle battery pack, in particular to a polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for an electric vehicle battery and a preparation method thereof; according to the polypropylene composite material prepared by the invention, the expanded graphite in the modified expanded graphite can expand at high temperature to form graphite worms, the graphite worms can absorb electromagnetic waves, and gaps exist in the expanded graphite carbon layer, so that the flame-retardant reinforced material and the electromagnetic reinforced material can be embedded into the expanded graphite carbon layer, the carbon layer structure is more compact, and the synergistic electromagnetic shielding and flame-retardant performance can be improved; the halogen-free flame retardant material can avoid the generation of toxic pollutants, and can be used as a carbon source, an acid source or a gas source to form an intumescent flame retardant, so that the halogen-free flame retardant material can be dehydrated into charcoal in the combustion process to prevent combustion or release gas to take away heat to promote the extinguishing of combustion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polypropylene composite material for an electric vehicle battery pack, in particular to a polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for an electric vehicle battery and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, with the enhancement of the carbon neutralization concept and the environmental protection concept, the market of new energy electric automobiles has good market prospect, so the demand for peripheral materials of the electric automobiles is gradually increased; the polypropylene material is a general plastic widely applied to battery packs, has excellent comprehensive performance and processability, is relatively low in price, and can be used for preparing a flame-retardant polypropylene material with better comprehensive performance after being added with glass fiber reinforced physical and mechanical properties and flame-retardant modification, but the material is only suitable for being applied to electric automobile battery packs with low requirements at present, and the material does not have a battery shielding effect and cannot meet the requirement of a new generation of electric automobiles on materials with an anti-electromagnetic radiation effect;
the patent CN111087690A provides a flame retardant grade polypropylene composite material with battery shielding effect and scratch resistance and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polypropylene composite material only has the oxygen index, does not meet the technical requirement of 94V0 grade flame retardance, and does not meet various standards required by electric vehicle battery packs; patent CN108752745A mentions a PP composite material of a battery shell and a preparation method thereof, and substantially provides a PP/PBT crystal and fiber modified composite material, namely flame retardance and electromagnetic shielding effect are not involved; the patent CN109181101B mentions a glass fiber reinforced flame retardant polypropylene composite material for a battery pack upper cover and a preparation method thereof, the patent adopts a processing mode of preimpregnating continuous long fiber in a melt, the process is complex, only the improvement of flame retardant performance is involved, and electromagnetic shielding is not involved;
however, due to the particularity of the battery part of the electric vehicle, the battery pack has high safety requirements during design, and has the effects of 94V 0-level flame retardant performance and electromagnetic shielding so as to avoid the influence and harm of electromagnetic waves generated during the operation of the battery on electronic equipment and human bodies in the vehicle and overcome the defects of the prior art. In view of the above, we propose a reinforced flame-retardant polypropylene composite material with flame retardance and electromagnetic effect resistance for an electric vehicle battery pack and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the background technology by providing a polypropylene composite material with flame retardance and electromagnetic shielding effect for an electric vehicle battery and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for the batteries of the electric automobiles comprises polypropylene, glass fibers, modified expanded graphite and a halogen-free flame retardant material, wherein the modified expanded graphite contains a flame retardant reinforced material and an electromagnetic shielding reinforced material, the flame retardant reinforced material comprises any one or more of metal salt and metal oxide, and the electromagnetic shielding reinforced material comprises any one or more of carbon black, graphene, carbon fibers or carbon nanotubes.
Specifically, the expanded graphite has good adsorbability and radiation resistance, and can realize electromagnetic shielding; the worm structure formed after the expanded graphite is expanded at high temperature is loose and porous, the structure between graphite molecular layers is not compact enough, the volatilization of combustible gas and the transfer of heat energy are difficult to be effectively inhibited, the material is difficult to self-extinguish in a short time after being ignited, the expanded graphite can only realize electromagnetic shielding by absorbing electromagnetic waves, but the expanded graphite does not have flame retardance, and the density of the expanded graphite can be improved by adding a flame-retardant reinforced material and an electromagnetic shielding reinforced material; meanwhile, the metal oxide and the metal salt substance do not have combustibility and can play a role in heat insulation and mass insulation by being mixed in the expanded graphite, so that the system has a good flame retardant effect, the metal oxide and the metal salt substance can also absorb electromagnetic waves, and the added electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material has the functions of conducting electricity, preventing static electricity and shielding electromagnetic interference, so that the electromagnetic shielding capability can be further improved.
It is worth to be noted that the metal salt can adopt nano-sheet manganese phosphate, zinc borate, nickel formate, colemanite, nano-porous nickel phosphate, nano-cadmium sulfide, magnesium stannate, lanthanum phosphate, zinc stannate, zinc chloride, basic magnesium sulfate whisker and the like, has obvious flame retardant synergistic effect and catalytic carbonization effect, is beneficial to improving the quality of a carbon layer of the expanded graphite, and enables the structure of the carbon layer to be more compact, thereby improving the flame retardant property; the metal oxide comprises ZnO, cdO, mnO2, zrO2, tiO2 and the like, and has an obvious catalytic promotion effect on the flame retardant process of polypropylene, so that the carbon residue rate is increased, a stable protective carbon layer is formed, a good flame retardant synergistic effect is achieved, the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) is improved, and the flame retardant property can be improved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the composition specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
polypropylene: 35-50 parts;
glass fiber: 20-30 parts;
modified expanded graphite: 5-15 parts;
halogen-free flame retardant material: 5-15 parts;
filling material: 1-2 parts;
organosilicon: 1-2 parts;
and (3) grafting POE: 3-10 parts;
antioxidant: 0.2 to 0.8 portion;
silane coupling agent: 0.2 to 0.8 portion;
other auxiliary agents: 0.5 to 2 portions.
It should be noted that the glass fiber can enhance the rigidity and hardness of the polypropylene composite material and improve the heat resistance, but the rigidity of the material is increased to reduce the toughness of the material and reduce the processability, and in order to improve the toughness of the polypropylene composite material, the other auxiliary agents can adopt a plasticizer which can increase the toughness of the polypropylene composite material and improve the processability; meanwhile, the POE grafting is used as a compatilizer to improve and promote the compatibility between the filling material and the polypropylene, and the silane coupling agent can improve the dispersity of the modified expanded graphite in the polypropylene material.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the polypropylene adopts random copolymerization polypropylene, and the melt flow rate is as follows: 20-65 g/10min.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the modified expanded graphite comprises expanded graphite, a flame-retardant reinforcing material and an electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material, wherein the mass part ratio of the expanded graphite to the flame-retardant reinforcing material to the electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material is 1: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.3.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the halogen-free flame retardant material comprises one or more of carbon-containing polyhydroxy organic compounds, inorganic acid salts or inorganic acid esters, melamine or dicyandiamide.
Specifically, the carbon-containing polyhydroxy organic compound belongs to a carbon source, and the carbon source can be oxidized and dehydrated into carbon in the combustion process to form a foam carbonization layer; the inorganic acid salt or the inorganic acid ester belongs to an acid source and can promote the carbonization of carbon-containing compounds in the combustion process, the carbonization comprises polypropylene containing carbon elements, and the combustion surface is covered with a foamed carbon layer after the carbonization; the melamine or dicyandiamide belongs to an air source, can release a large amount of non-toxic and non-combustible gas under the heated condition, and takes away a large amount of heat, so that the material can not be combusted due to the temperature lower than the ignition point, and the halogen-free flame retardant material can respectively achieve better flame retardant effect.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the carbon-containing polyhydroxy organic compound comprises pentaerythritol or sorbitol, and the inorganic acid salt or inorganic acid ester comprises ammonium phosphate, borate and silicate.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the filling material comprises any one or more of silicate minerals, titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate, the silicate minerals comprise talcum powder, montmorillonite, wollastonite, zeolite and attapulgite clay, wherein the attapulgite clay is chain-layered silicate and is a natural nano material, the basic structure of the attapulgite clay is a needle point or short fiber-shaped single crystal, and the attapulgite clay can be compounded with a polypropylene material at two levels of micron filling and nano reinforcement, so that the mechanical property of the material is improved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the organic silicon comprises silicone and a silicon-containing substance, the silicon-containing substance comprises any one or more of siloxane polymer, silica gel, silicone resin micro powder and silicon dioxide, and the organic silicon has excellent thermal stability, low-temperature flexibility, and excellent electrical insulation and lubricity; the silicone is also called as silicone oil, can play a role in lubrication and improve the melt flowability of the composite material, and the silicon-containing siloxane polymer, silica gel, silicone resin micropowder and silicon dioxide material can improve the physical strength of the material.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the silicone contains 10-25% of silver particles or silver copper plating metal particles by mass, and can absorb electromagnetic waves and play a role in strengthening electromagnetic shielding.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
(2) Uniformly mixing the weighed flame-retardant reinforcing material, electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material and expanded graphite, putting the mixture into a combustion furnace at 800-1200 ℃, puffing for 30-60 seconds, taking out, and cooling at room temperature for later use;
(3) Adding the modified expanded graphite to an ethanol reagent mixed with a silane coupling agent, fully stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours, and drying for later use;
(4) Uniformly mixing the weighed raw material components, and then putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is as follows: the first area is 135-160 ℃, and the second area is 160-185 ℃; the three zones are 185-195 ℃, the four zones are 195-205 ℃, the five zones are 205-215 ℃, the six zones are 215-230 ℃, the head temperature is 220-225 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 180-600 r/min, and the pressure is 6-16 MPa.
(5) And (3) putting the granulated material into a constant-temperature blast drying oven, and drying for 6-10 h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
The main advantages of the invention are:
1. according to the polypropylene composite material prepared by the invention, the expanded graphite in the modified expanded graphite can expand at high temperature to form graphite worms, the graphite worms can absorb electromagnetic waves, and gaps exist in the expanded graphite carbon layer, so that the flame-retardant reinforced material and the electromagnetic reinforced material can be embedded into the expanded graphite carbon layer, the carbon layer structure is more compact, and the synergistic electromagnetic shielding and flame-retardant performance can be improved;
2. the halogen-free flame retardant material can avoid the generation of toxic pollutants, and can be used as a carbon source, an acid source or a gas source to form an intumescent flame retardant, so that the halogen-free flame retardant material can be dehydrated into charcoal in the combustion process to prevent combustion or release gas to take away heat to promote the extinguishing of combustion.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, features in the embodiment may be combined with each other without conflict, and a technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preferred embodiment of the invention provides a polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight for later use:
random copolymerized polypropylene having melt flow rate of 40g/10 min: 50 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
chopped glass fiber: 20 parts of (by weight), and mixing the components,
expanded graphite, nano flaky manganese phosphate, 10 parts of carbon black, 1 part of carbon black and 1 part of carbon black,
pentaerythritol, ammonium phosphate and dicyandiamide 5 parts to 5 parts,
attapulgite clay: 2 parts of (a) to (b),
copper plated metal particle silicone with 25% silver: 1 part of silicon dioxide to 1 part of silicon dioxide,
maleic anhydride grafted POE: 6 parts of (by weight) of (B),
antioxidant TNPP: 0.5 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
silane coupling agent: 0.8 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
plasticizer DEHP: 2 parts of (1);
(2) Uniformly mixing 2 parts of the weighed nano flaky manganese phosphate flame-retardant reinforcing material, 2 parts of the carbon black electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material and 10 parts of expanded graphite in proportion, and then putting the mixture into a combustion furnace at 1200 ℃ for high-temperature puffing for 60 seconds, so that the nano flaky manganese phosphate and the carbon black can be firmly embedded into the expanded graphite which forms a graphite worm structure at high temperature, and cooling the expanded graphite to obtain modified expanded graphite for later use;
(3) Adding the modified expanded graphite for later use into an ethanol reagent mixed with 0.8 part of silane coupling agent, fully stirring for 1 hour, and drying for later use;
(4) Uniformly mixing and blending the weighed standby raw material components, and then putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled as follows: the first zone is 145 ℃, and the second zone is 165 ℃; the three zones are 180 ℃, the four zones are 200 ℃, the five zones are 215 ℃, the six zones are 230 ℃, the head temperature is 225 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 250r/min, and the pressure is 12MPa;
(5) And (3) putting the granulated material into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, and drying at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the composite polypropylene material.
Example 2
The preferred embodiment of the invention provides a polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight for later use:
random copolymerized polypropylene having melt flow rate of 40g/10 min: 50 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
chopped glass fiber: 20 parts of (by weight), and mixing the components,
expanded graphite, nano flaky manganese phosphate and carbon black in a weight ratio of 10 to 1.5 to 2,
pentaerythritol, ammonium phosphate and dicyandiamide 5 parts to 5 parts,
attapulgite clay: 2 parts of (a) to (b),
copper plated metal particle silicone with 25% silver: 1 part of silicon dioxide to 1 part of silicon dioxide,
maleic anhydride grafted POE: 6 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
antioxidant TNPP: 0.5 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
silane coupling agent: 0.8 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
plasticizer DEHP: 2 parts of (1);
(2) Uniformly mixing 2 parts of the nano flaky manganese phosphate flame-retardant reinforcing material, 2 parts of the carbon black electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material and 6 parts of expanded graphite in proportion, putting the mixture into a 1200 ℃ combustion furnace, and puffing at high temperature for 60 seconds to enable the nano flaky manganese phosphate and the carbon black to be firmly embedded into the expanded graphite which forms a graphite worm structure at high temperature, and cooling to obtain modified expanded graphite for later use;
(3) Adding the modified expanded graphite for later use into an ethanol reagent mixed with 0.8 part of silane coupling agent, fully stirring for 1 hour, and drying for later use;
(4) Uniformly mixing and blending the weighed standby raw material components, and then putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled as follows: the first zone is 145 ℃, and the second zone is 165 ℃; the three zones are 180 ℃, the four zones are 200 ℃, the five zones are 215 ℃, the six zones are 230 ℃, the head temperature is 225 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 250r/min, and the pressure is 12MPa;
(5) And (3) putting the granulated material into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, and drying at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the composite polypropylene material.
Example 3
The preferred embodiment of the invention provides a polypropylene composite material with flame retardance and electromagnetic shielding effect for an electric vehicle battery, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight for later use:
random copolymerized polypropylene having melt flow rate of 40g/10 min: 50 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
chopped glass fiber: 20 parts of (by weight), and mixing the components,
expanded graphite, nano flaky manganese phosphate and carbon black in a weight ratio of 10 to 2 to 3,
pentaerythritol, ammonium phosphate and dicyandiamide 5 parts to 5 parts,
attapulgite clay: 2 parts of (a) to (b),
copper plated metal particle silicone with 25% silver: 1 part of silicon dioxide to 1 part of silicon dioxide,
maleic anhydride grafted POE: 6 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
antioxidant TNPP: 0.5 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
silane coupling agent: 0.8 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
plasticizer DEHP: 2 parts of (1);
(2) Uniformly mixing 1 part of the weighed nano flaky manganese phosphate flame-retardant reinforcing material, 1 part of the weighed carbon black electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material and 3 parts of the weighed expanded graphite in proportion, and then putting the mixture into a combustion furnace at 1200 ℃ for high-temperature puffing for 60 seconds, so that the nano flaky manganese phosphate and the carbon black can be firmly embedded into the expanded graphite which forms a graphite worm structure at high temperature, and cooling the mixture to obtain modified expanded graphite for later use;
(3) Adding the modified expanded graphite for later use into an ethanol reagent mixed with 0.8 part of silane coupling agent, fully stirring for 1 hour, and drying for later use;
(4) Uniformly mixing and blending the weighed standby raw material components, and then putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled as follows: the first zone is 145 ℃, and the second zone is 165 ℃; the three zones are 180 ℃, the four zones are 200 ℃, the five zones are 215 ℃, the six zones are 230 ℃, the head temperature is 225 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 250r/min, and the pressure is 12MPa;
(5) And (3) putting the granulated material into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, and drying at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the composite polypropylene material.
The present embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 only in that: in the embodiment, the mass fraction of the modified expanded graphite is 10 parts, and other conditions are the same;
example 4
The preferred embodiment of the invention provides a polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight for later use:
random copolymerized polypropylene having melt flow rate of 40g/10 min: 50 parts of (by weight) of a mineral oil,
chopped glass fiber: 20 parts of (by weight), and mixing the components,
expanded graphite, nano flaky manganese phosphate and carbon black in a weight ratio of 10 to 1,
pentaerythritol, ammonium phosphate and dicyandiamide are 4 parts to 4 parts,
attapulgite clay: 2 parts of (a) to (b),
copper plated metal particle silicone with 25% silver: 1 part of silicon dioxide to 1 part of silicon dioxide,
maleic anhydride grafted POE: 6 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
antioxidant TNPP: 0.5 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
silane coupling agent: 0.8 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
plasticizer DEHP: 2 parts of (1);
(2) Uniformly mixing 2 parts of the weighed nano flaky manganese phosphate flame-retardant reinforcing material, 2 parts of the carbon black electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material and 10 parts of expanded graphite in proportion, and then putting the mixture into a combustion furnace at 1200 ℃ for high-temperature puffing for 60 seconds, so that the nano flaky manganese phosphate and the carbon black can be firmly embedded into the expanded graphite which forms a graphite worm structure at high temperature, and cooling the expanded graphite to obtain modified expanded graphite for later use;
(3) Adding the prepared modified expanded graphite into an ethanol reagent mixed with 0.8 part of silane coupling agent, fully stirring for 1 hour, and drying for later use;
(4) Uniformly mixing and blending the weighed standby raw material components, and then putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled as follows: the first zone is 145 ℃, and the second zone is 165 ℃; the three zones are 180 ℃, the four zones are 200 ℃, the five zones are 215 ℃, the six zones are 230 ℃, the head temperature is 225 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 250r/min, and the pressure is 12Mpa;
(5) And (3) putting the granulated material into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, and drying at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the composite polypropylene material.
Example 5
The preferred embodiment of the invention provides a polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight for later use:
random copolymerized polypropylene having melt flow rate of 40g/10 min: 50 parts of (by weight) of a mineral oil,
chopped glass fiber: 20 parts of (by weight), and mixing the components,
expanded graphite, nano flaky manganese phosphate and carbon black in a weight ratio of 10 to 1,
pentaerythritol, ammonium phosphate and dicyandiamide 2 parts to 2 parts,
attapulgite clay: 2 parts of (a) to (b),
copper plated metal particle silicone with 25% silver: 1 part of silicon dioxide to 1 part of silicon dioxide,
maleic anhydride grafted POE: 6 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
antioxidant TNPP: 0.5 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
silane coupling agent: 0.8 part by weight of a reaction kettle,
plasticizer DEHP: 2 parts of (1);
(2) Uniformly mixing 2 parts of the nano flaky manganese phosphate flame-retardant reinforcing material, 2 parts of the carbon black electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material and 10 parts of expanded graphite in proportion, putting the mixture into a 1200 ℃ combustion furnace, and puffing at high temperature for 60 seconds to enable the nano flaky manganese phosphate and the carbon black to be firmly embedded into the expanded graphite which forms a graphite worm structure at high temperature, and cooling to obtain modified expanded graphite for later use;
(3) Adding the modified expanded graphite for later use into an ethanol reagent mixed with 0.8 part of silane coupling agent, fully stirring for 1 hour, and drying for later use;
(4) Uniformly mixing and blending the weighed standby raw material components, and then putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled as follows: the first zone is 145 ℃, and the second zone is 165 ℃; the three zones are 180 ℃, the four zones are 200 ℃, the five zones are 215 ℃, the six zones are 230 ℃, the head temperature is 225 ℃, the screw rotating speed is 250r/min, and the pressure is 12MPa;
(5) And (3) putting the granulated material into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, and drying at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the composite polypropylene material.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: the comparative example does not add modified expanded graphite, and the other conditions are the same;
comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that: the comparative example does not add halogen-free flame retardant materials, and the other conditions are the same;
comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 only in that: the modified expanded graphite of the comparative example is not added with a flame-retardant reinforcing material and an electromagnetic shielding reinforcing material, and other conditions are the same;
comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 only in that: the comparative example does not add silicone, and the other conditions are the same;
comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 only in that: the comparative example does not add fillers, and the other conditions are the same;
the polypropylene composite materials prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 are subjected to injection molding sample preparation on an injection molding machine, and a performance test is carried out, and the flame retardant property is subjected to a vertical combustion test (UL-94) according to GB/T2408-2008 standard, and simultaneously, a JF-3 oxygen index tester is adopted to measure a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) according to GB/T2406-1993 standard; testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (dB) of the material according to the GJB8820 standard; testing the mechanical tensile strength of the material according to a GB/T9641-1988 standard universal tensile testing machine;
table 1: and (5) a specific test data table.
It should be explained that the UL-94 flame retardant rating can be generally divided into three grades of V-0, V-1 and V-2, wherein the flame retardant rating of V-0 is the highest; the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) refers to the minimum oxygen concentration required by a material to be tested to burn in a mixed flow of oxygen and nitrogen, so that the difficulty of the material burning in the air is judged, if the oxygen index of the material to be tested is higher, the material to be tested is less prone to burn, generally, the LOI is less than 22% and is inflammable, the LOI is between 22% and 27% and is inflammable, and the LOI is more than 27% and is inflammable; a higher electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (dB) indicates a better ability to shield electromagnetic waves.
From the above table test data it can be seen that: the modified expanded graphite plays a good electromagnetic shielding role in the polypropylene composite material, the final electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the material is influenced along with the reduction of the content of the expanded graphite, and the organosilicon can further improve the electromagnetic shielding capability; the halogen-free flame retardant material plays a good flame retardant role in the polypropylene composite material, the limit oxygen index of the material can be reduced along with the reduction of the content of the halogen-free flame retardant material, and the flame retardant material can still meet the V-0 flame retardant grade tested by UL-94; besides, the organic silicon and the filler can improve the mechanical property of the polypropylene composite material.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardance and electromagnetic shielding effect for the battery of the electric automobile comprises polypropylene and glass fiber, and is characterized in that: the electromagnetic shielding material also comprises modified expanded graphite and a halogen-free flame retardant material, wherein the modified expanded graphite contains a flame retardant reinforced material and an electromagnetic shielding reinforced material, the flame retardant reinforced material comprises any one or more of metal salt and metal oxide, and the electromagnetic shielding reinforced material comprises any one or more of carbon black, graphene, carbon fiber or carbon nano tube.
2. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein: the composition specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
polypropylene: 35-50 parts;
glass fiber: 20-30 parts;
modified expanded graphite: 5-15 parts;
halogen-free flame retardant material: 5-15 parts;
filling material: 1-2 parts;
organosilicon: 1-2 parts;
and (3) grafting POE: 3-10 parts;
antioxidant: 0.2 to 0.8 portion;
silane coupling agent: 0.2 to 0.8 portion;
other auxiliary agents: 0.5 to 2 portions.
3. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein: the polypropylene adopts random copolymerization polypropylene, and the melt flow rate is as follows: 20-65 g/10min.
4. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein: the modified expanded graphite comprises expanded graphite, a flame-retardant reinforced material and an electromagnetic shielding reinforced material, wherein the mass part ratio of the expanded graphite to the flame-retardant reinforced material to the electromagnetic shielding reinforced material is 1: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.3.
5. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein: the halogen-free flame retardant material comprises one or more of carbon-containing polyhydroxy organic compounds, inorganic acid salts or inorganic acid esters, melamine or dicyandiamide.
6. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 5, wherein: the carbon-containing polyhydroxy organic compound comprises pentaerythritol or sorbitol, and the inorganic acid salt or inorganic acid ester comprises ammonium phosphate, borate and silicate.
7. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein: the filler comprises any one or more of silicate minerals, titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate.
8. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein: the organic silicon comprises silicone and silicon-containing substances, and the silicon-containing substances comprise any one or more of siloxane polymers, silica gel, silicon resin micro powder and silicon dioxide.
9. The polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles according to claim 8, wherein: the silicone contains silver particles or silver copper plating metal particles in an amount of 10 to 25 mass%.
10. The preparation method of the polypropylene composite material with flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding effects for batteries of electric vehicles as claimed in any of the claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of any one of claims 2 to 9 for later use;
(2) Uniformly mixing the weighed flame-retardant reinforced material, the electromagnetic shielding reinforced material and the expanded graphite, putting the mixture into a combustion furnace at 800-1200 ℃, puffing the mixture for 30-60 seconds at high temperature, taking the mixture out, and cooling the mixture at room temperature for later use;
(3) Adding the modified expanded graphite to an ethanol reagent mixed with a silane coupling agent, fully stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours, and drying for later use;
(4) Uniformly mixing the weighed raw material components, and then putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is as follows: the first area is 135-160 ℃, and the second area is 160-185 ℃; a third area is 185-195 ℃, a fourth area is 195-205 ℃, a fifth area is 205-215 ℃, a sixth area is 215-230 ℃, the head temperature is 220-225 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 180-600 r/min, and the pressure is 6-16 Mpa;
(5) And (3) putting the granulated material into a constant-temperature blast drying oven, and drying for 6-10 h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20230120 |