CN115625450B - High manganese type austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low temperature steel and preparation thereof - Google Patents
High manganese type austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low temperature steel and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115625450B CN115625450B CN202211335530.2A CN202211335530A CN115625450B CN 115625450 B CN115625450 B CN 115625450B CN 202211335530 A CN202211335530 A CN 202211335530A CN 115625450 B CN115625450 B CN 115625450B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910018657 Mn—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[S] Chemical compound [P].[S] QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018648 Mn—N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al series low temperature steel and a preparation method thereof, comprising a welding core and a coating coated on the outer surface of the welding core, wherein the welding core is made of Fe-Mn-Al steel, and the coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 10 percent of atomized magnesium-calcium powder, 20 to 40 percent of marble, 10 to 20 percent of calcium fluoride, 5 to 10 percent of quartz, 5 to 20 percent of rutile, 5 to 10 percent of manganese-silicon alloy, 5 to 10 percent of nickel powder, 3 to 7 percent of ferroboron, 5 to 10 percent of ferrotitanium, 1 to 4 percent of CrN 2, 0.5 to 1 percent of rare earth containing more than 50 percent of Re, and 100 percent of the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials. The invention uses the existing Fe-Mn-Al steel to manufacture the welding core, carries out strong desulfurization and grain refinement on the cladding metal through metallurgical reaction, and the obtained cladding metal has an austenite structure and can meet the requirement of the low-temperature steel in the low-temperature environment of-111 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding materials, in particular to a high manganese type austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low-temperature steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The low-temperature steel is a steel grade which can stably work in a low-temperature environment, can be used for manufacturing various liquid nitrogen, liquid ammonia, liquid oxygen, liquefied petroleum gas production and storage and transportation equipment, can also be used for manufacturing equipment used in cold areas and the like. Due to the special nature of the use environment, low temperature steels are required to have certain toughness and strength under low temperature conditions, and particularly critical is toughness. The low-temperature steel commonly used at present comprises ferrite low-temperature steel and austenite low-temperature steel, and the austenite low-temperature steel has better low-temperature performance and is divided into Fe-Cr-Ni system, fe-Cr-Ni-Mn-N system and Fe-Mn-Al system austenite low-temperature non-magnetic steel. The Fe-Mn-Al austenite low temperature non-magnetic steel is a new steel grade developed in China for saving chromium and nickel, can partially replace chromium-nickel austenite steel, and is used in an extremely low temperature region below-111 ℃.
In the welding of low-temperature steel, in order to ensure the low-temperature performance of the weld joint, a nickel-containing welding material is currently used for filling, for example, a ferrite type containing 11% of nickel, an austenite type containing 13% to 11% of Ni, an Fe-Ni type (Fe-Ni-Cr alloy) containing 40% of Ni, and a Ni type (Ni-Cr-Mo alloy) containing 10% or more of Ni. In addition to the austenite obtained by the Ni-containing welding material, the Fe-Mn-Al system of high manganese content can also obtain a complete austenite structure. However, the toughness of high manganese austenitic steels changes from ductile to brittle as temperature decreases, for example, where epsilon-martensite formed on the austenitic matrix is a preferential nucleation of cracks for Mn contents of 10-27%, without utilizing the low temperature toughness of the steel. In addition, the common welding lines are mostly cast structures, and the possible partial polymerization of components, the formation of MnS and the like can reduce the low-temperature toughness, so that Fe-Mn-Al is relatively less used for welding materials.
Manual arc welding has wide application in the low-temperature steel welding process due to flexible welding, so that the development of a high-manganese type welding rod for low-temperature steel welding is of practical significance. The prior art comprises the following steps:
A welding electrode for high manganese austenitic low temperature steel (CN 108171715B) discloses a method for preparing a low temperature steel welding electrode by using a high manganese core wire, wherein the sulfur content of the high manganese core wire is less than 0.008 percent and the phosphorus content is less than 0.01 percent; the invention discloses a method for preparing a low-temperature steel welding rod by using a high-manganese core wire, which comprises the steps that the adopted high-manganese core wire contains a small amount of nickel and no aluminum, meanwhile, the sulfur content is controlled to be 0.0021 percent, and the phosphorus content is controlled to be 0.0071 percent;
The nickel-based welding rod for ultralow temperature steel with the rare earth element added in the core wire and the preparation method thereof (CN 101313313B) disclose a preparation method of the welding rod for low temperature steel with high nickel content; the nickel-based welding rod for ultralow-temperature steel and the preparation method thereof (CN 105081113A) also relate to the welding rod for low-temperature steel prepared by adopting the nickel-based core wire; the welding rod (CN 103121017B) matched with Ni-containing low-temperature steel discloses a preparation method of a low-temperature steel welding rod which realizes that weld cladding metal contains certain nickel through alloying; a welding method (CN 111515413B) suitable for the welding rod arc welding of Ni-saving low-temperature steel adopts a core wire containing certain nickel to prepare the low-temperature steel welding rod; the welding rod for low-temperature steel prepared by adopting an H04E (low-carbon steel) core wire is used for the full-position welding rod for low-temperature steel and the coating powder (CN 105033502B) for the welding of the steel spherical tank; the high-efficiency nickel-based welding rod (CN 103178322B) specially used for welding the ultralow-temperature steel of the LNG ship is also a low-temperature steel welding rod adopting a welding core with high nickel content.
From the prior art, most of low-temperature steel welding rods adopt nickel-containing welding cores to meet the low-temperature performance of final welding seams, and also adopt high-manganese welding cores directly, but the sulfur and phosphorus content of welding materials needs to be strictly controlled; the sulfur content and the phosphorus content of the prior high manganese steel can be controlled below 0.02 percent, but the requirement for welding materials is difficult to meet, and when the high manganese steel is used for welding materials, further refining is needed to reduce the sulfur and phosphorus content, which also greatly increases the cost of using a high manganese steel core as the welding materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In the aspect of reducing the content of sulfur and phosphorus through welding metallurgical reaction, general basic oxides play a certain role, and magnesium also plays a role in desulfurization, but because of the activity of the basic oxides, the basic oxides are easy to oxidize and burn, and are not suitable for being directly and massively added into a welding electrode coating.
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, in order to use the high manganese steel sold in the market at present as a welding core without further refining, the invention provides a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low-temperature steel and a preparation method thereof, and the final sulfur-phosphorus content of cladding metal is reduced and grains are refined through a welding metallurgical reaction, so that the low-temperature performance of the welding rod can meet the use requirement in a low-temperature environment of-111 ℃.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high manganese austenitic electrode for welding Fe-Mn-Al based low temperature steel, the electrode comprising a core wire and a coating applied to an outer surface of the core wire;
The welding core is Fe-Mn-Al steel;
The coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 10 percent of atomized magnesium-calcium powder, 20 to 40 percent of marble, 10 to 20 percent of calcium fluoride, 5 to 10 percent of quartz, 5 to 20 percent of rutile, 5 to 10 percent of manganese-silicon alloy, 5 to 10 percent of nickel powder, 3 to 7 percent of ferroboron, 5 to 10 percent of ferrotitanium, 1 to 4 percent of CrN 2, 0.5 to 1 percent of rare earth containing more than 50 percent of Re, and 100 percent of the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a high manganese type austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al based low temperature steel, comprising the steps of: (1) preparing a welding core, (2) preparing and coating a coating, and (3) welding the welding core and the coating.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The requirements on the sulfur and phosphorus content of the welding core are greatly reduced by the combined desulfurization and dephosphorization of atomized magnesium-calcium powder and other components, and the welding core can be prepared by using the high manganese steel commonly used at present;
(2) The low-temperature performance of the welding seam is ensured by adopting means of component regulation, grain refinement and the like, and the low-temperature performance of a low-temperature steel welding joint at the temperature of minus 111 ℃ can be met;
(3) When the alloy is used for welding high-manganese low-temperature steel, the weld joint components are close to the base metal, so that the corrosion resistance is prevented from being reduced due to the fact that a large potential difference is formed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope bright field image and diffraction spot diagram of a weld cladding metal obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a high resolution image of a transmission electron microscope of weld cladding metal obtained in example X of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In order to use the high manganese steel which is commercially available at present as a welding core without further refining, the invention provides a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low temperature steel, and the final sulfur-phosphorus content of cladding metal and refined grains are reduced through welding metallurgical reaction, so that the low temperature performance of the high manganese austenitic welding rod can meet the use requirement in a low temperature environment of-111 ℃.
In order to achieve the technical aim, the invention provides a high manganese type austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low temperature steel and a preparation method thereof.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a high manganese austenitic electrode for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel, the electrode including a core wire and a coating applied to an outer surface of the core wire;
The welding core is Fe-Mn-Al steel;
The coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 10 percent of atomized magnesium-calcium powder, 20 to 40 percent of marble, 10 to 20 percent of calcium fluoride, 5 to 10 percent of quartz, 5 to 20 percent of rutile, 5 to 10 percent of manganese-silicon alloy, 5 to 10 percent of nickel powder, 3 to 7 percent of ferroboron, 5 to 10 percent of ferrotitanium, 1 to 4 percent of CrN 2, 0.5 to 1 percent of rare earth containing more than 50 percent of Re, and 100 percent of the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials.
The welding electrode consists of two parts, namely a welding core and a coating.
When welding, the core wire has two functions: firstly, welding current is conducted to generate electric arc to convert electric energy into heat energy, and secondly, the welding core is melted as filling metal and fused with liquid base metal to form a welding seam.
The coating of the welding rod plays an extremely important role in stabilizing the arc in the welding process, so that the stable combustion of the welding arc is ensured, and the welding process is stable; protecting the arc and the molten pool. If the non-coating welding electrode is used for welding, a large amount of oxygen and nitrogen in the air can invade molten metal in the welding process, and metallic iron, beneficial elements such as carbon, silicon, manganese and the like are oxidized and nitrided to form various oxides and nitrides, and remain in a welding seam to cause slag inclusion or cracks of the welding seam; the gas melted into the molten pool may cause the weld to generate a large number of pores, and these factors can greatly reduce the mechanical properties (strength, impact value, etc.) of the weld, and make the weld brittle. The gas generated after the welding rod coating is melted can isolate air and prevent harmful gas from invading a molten pool; the coating participates in complex metallurgical reaction, and the coating is used for penetrating the required alloy elements into the weld metal, so that the effect of controlling the chemical components of the weld can be achieved, and the required weld metal performance can be obtained.
In one or more examples of this embodiment, the core wire is 15Mn21Al4 steel.
In one or more examples of this embodiment, the 15Mn21Al4 steel comprises, in weight percent: 0.13 to 0.11 percent of C, 24.5 to 27 percent of Mn, 3.8 to 4.7 percent of Al, 0.3 to 0.1 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of V, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu, 0.02 percent of S, 0.02 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the coating comprises 35% to 40% by weight of the electrode.
In one or more examples of this embodiment, the mass ratio of magnesium powder to calcium powder in the atomized magnesium-calcium powder is 18: 2-10: 10.
The functions and the principle of various components in the coating are described as follows:
The main function of the atomized magnesium-calcium powder is to perform strong desulfurization and dephosphorization, replace magnesium powder with strong combustibility, and solve the problem of poor welding manufacturability caused by easy combustion.
In order to solve the problem that magnesium powder is easy to burn and affects manufacturability, firstly, magnesium is subjected to alloying treatment, magnesium and calcium are mixed (the weight of the magnesium and the calcium accounts for 2% -10% of the total weight), the mixture is smelted in a vacuum furnace and is prepared into powder by an atomization powder preparation method, the atomized powder is used for being added into a welding rod coating, the combustibility of the magnesium powder after the calcium addition alloying is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the calcium has dephosphorization effect, and through metallurgical reaction with other components in the coating, the sulfur and phosphorus content in cladding metal can be finally reduced, and the low-temperature performance of the cladding metal is ensured.
The marble has the functions of slagging and gas making agent commonly used in the welding rod manufacturing process, and the decomposed gas in the welding process can generate certain blowing force to promote the transition of molten drops, so that the formed slag can protect a molten pool, and meanwhile, the oxide of Ca has certain desulfurization and dephosphorization capability.
The calcium fluoride has the function of utilizing the reaction of fluorine and hydrogen to realize the dehydrogenation of the cladding metal and reduce the hydrogen content in the cladding metal.
The quartz is used as slag forming agent to improve weld formation and regulate pH value and flowability of slag.
The rutile is also a common slag former in welding rods, can stabilize electric arcs, adjust the melting point, viscosity and fluidity of welding slag, and can obviously improve deslagging performance by adding a proper amount of the slag to ensure that the welding slag and weld metal have larger thermal expansion coefficient difference.
The manganese content in the cladding metal can be adjusted by transferring a certain amount of manganese into the cladding metal through arc metallurgy, and the manganese also has the desulfurization effect. Compared with pure manganese powder, the manganese-silicon alloy has a lower melting point, is beneficial to arc metallurgical reaction, and silicon in the manganese-silicon alloy has the effect of adjusting slag system structure and improves the fluidity of slag.
The nickel powder acts as an alloying transition element, and properly improves the nickel content in the cladding metal, so that the formation of austenite can be promoted, and the low-temperature impact toughness can be improved.
The boron iron has the advantages that a small amount of boron is distributed at the grain boundary of the cladding metal, so that grains can be refined, the melting point of the cladding metal is reduced, the fluidity of the liquid metal is improved, and the weld joint forming is promoted.
The invention adopts Fe-Mn-Al series welding core, aluminum has higher oxidation tendency, in order to ensure the transition of aluminum as much as possible, titanium is added to be used as a strong deoxidizer, titanium is preferentially combined with oxygen to form titanium oxide, finally, the added titanium forms welding slag in the form of titanium oxide, a small amount of titanium is transited into cladding metal, and because titanium is also a strong carbide element, the titanium can be combined with carbon to form tiny and dispersed titanium carbide, so that on one hand, the carbon content in a matrix is reduced, the low-temperature impact toughness is improved, and in addition, the effect of grain refinement can be achieved; ferrotitanium is chosen rather than pure titanium, due to the fact that it reduces the melting point of the liquid metal formed.
CrN 2 and CrN 2 are added to decompose nitrogen by arc metallurgical reaction, and the nitrogen is transferred into the cladding metal and can promote the formation of austenitization of the structure.
Re is transited into cladding metal through arc metallurgical reaction and is gathered at grain boundary, thus the effect of stabilizing grain boundary and refining grains is achieved, and finally the low-temperature impact toughness of the welding seam is improved.
In another embodiment of the invention, the preparation process is: (1) preparing a welding core, (2) preparing and coating a coating, and (3) welding the welding core and the coating.
In one or more examples of this embodiment, the specific steps of (1) preparing the core wire are as follows:
Hot rolling and cold rolling 15Mn21Al4 steel to prepare a medium diameter; drawing, wherein an annealing process is adopted in the drawing process to reduce the work hardening influence of the steel wire, and finally drawing to the standard diameter of the welding core;
the middle diameter is phi 1 mm-phi 10mm, preferably phi 8mm;
the core wire has a standard diameter of phi 2 mm-phi 1mm, preferably phi 4mm.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the specific manner of preparing the coating (2) is:
Proportioning the components of the coating according to the weight percentage, uniformly mixing the components, adding potassium sodium water glass, and pressing and coating the medicinal powder on the outer surface of the standard welding core prepared according to the process by using a welding rod pressing and coating machine to prepare the coating; and then drying to obtain the high manganese austenitic welding rod.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, each component of the coating comprises an atomized magnesium-calcium powder prepared by:
mixing magnesium powder and calcium powder in a certain mass ratio, smelting the mixed powder of magnesium and calcium to be liquid in a vacuum smelting furnace, and preparing the magnesium-calcium powder by a vacuum atomization method;
preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium powder to the calcium powder is 18: 2-10: 10;
Further preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium powder to the calcium powder is 15:5.
In one or more embodiments of this embodiment, the (3) welding core wires and skin uses manual arc welding;
Preferably, the welding current is 180 + -5A,
Preferably, the welding speed is 200mm/min.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low temperature steel comprises a welding core and a coating coated on the outer surface of the welding core, wherein the preparation process of the welding core is firstly described as follows:
Selection of core wires: commercially available Fe-Mn-Al steel is selected, for example, commonly used 15Mn21Al4 steel is selected, and the composition of the steel in percentage by weight is as follows: 0.13 to 0.11 percent of C, 24.5 to 27 percent of Mn, 3.8 to 4.7 percent of Al, 0.3 to 0.1 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of V, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu, 0.02 percent of S, 0.02 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The main chemical compositions of the 15Mn21Al4 steel purchased in examples are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: the core wires of example 1 have a main chemical composition (wt.%)
| C | Mn | Si | Al | S | P | Fe | |
| 15Mn21Al4 steel | 0.18 | 25.5 | 0.3 | 4.2 | 0.018 | 0.02 | Allowance of |
The 15Mn21Al4 steel is prepared to an intermediate diameter, for example, phi 8mm by hot rolling and cold rolling, then is drawn, the work hardening influence of the steel wire is reduced by adopting an annealing process in the drawing process, and finally, the steel wire is drawn to the core diameter of each standard welding rod, and the description is given below taking phi 4mm as an example.
The preparation method of the magnesium-calcium powder in the coating comprises the following steps: mixing magnesium powder and calcium powder in a certain weight ratio 18: 2-10: 10, the following 15:5, by way of example, a weight ratio of 15:5, mixing the magnesium powder and the calcium powder, smelting the mixture to be liquid in a vacuum smelting furnace, and preparing the magnesium-calcium powder by a vacuum atomization method.
The four groups of powder are mixed uniformly according to the weight percentage of each component of the coating shown in the table 2, then potassium sodium water glass is added, and the powder is pressed and coated on the outer surface of the phi 4mm welding core prepared by the process by a welding rod pressing and coating machine to prepare the coating. The coating weight coefficients were 0.35 to 0.4, the coating weight coefficients of No.1 and No.4 in examples were 0.35, and the coating weight coefficients of No.2 and No.3 were 0.4. And then drying to obtain the high manganese austenitic welding rod.
Table 2: the formulation of the electrode coating of example 1 (wt.%)
The manual arc welding is adopted, the welding current is 180+/-5A, the welding speed is 200mm/min, and the manufactured 4 groups of high-manganese austenitic welding rods are adopted to weld the Fe-Mn-Al low-temperature steel. The results of testing the mechanical properties of the weld joint for the primary chemical composition of the clad metal are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Table 3: the primary chemical composition (wt%) of the cladding metal of example 1
Table 4: mechanical Properties of the weld of example 1
FIGS. 1 and 2 show the results of transmission electron microscopy of the sample of example No.1, which can be confirmed as an austenite structure.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al low temperature steel is characterized in that the welding rod comprises a welding core and a coating coated on the outer surface of the welding core;
The welding core is Fe-Mn-Al steel;
The coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 10 percent of atomized magnesium-calcium powder, 20 to 40 percent of marble, 10 to 20 percent of calcium fluoride, 5 to 10 percent of quartz, 5 to 20 percent of rutile, 5 to 10 percent of manganese-silicon alloy, 5 to 10 percent of nickel powder, 3 to 7 percent of ferroboron, 5 to 10 percent of ferrotitanium, 1 to 4 percent of CrN 2, 0.5 to 1 percent of rare earth containing more than 50 percent of Re, and 100 percent of the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials.
2. A high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al series low temperature steel according to claim 1, wherein said core wire is 15Mn26Al4 steel.
3. The high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel according to claim 2, wherein the 15Mn26Al4 steel comprises, by weight: 0.13 to 0.19 percent of C, 24.5 to 27 percent of Mn, 3.8 to 4.7 percent of Al, 0.3 to 0.6 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of V, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Cu, 0.02 percent of S, 0.02 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
4. The high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel according to claim 1, wherein said coating comprises 35 to 40% by weight of the welding rod.
5. The high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al series low temperature steel according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium powder to calcium powder in the atomized magnesium-calcium powder is 98:2 to 90:10.
6. The method for preparing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al series low temperature steel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the preparation process is as follows: (1) preparing a welding core, and (2) preparing and coating a coating.
7. The method for producing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel according to claim 6, wherein the specific steps of (1) producing the core wire are as follows:
Hot rolling and cold rolling 15Mn26Al4 steel to prepare a medium diameter; drawing, wherein an annealing process is adopted in the drawing process to reduce the work hardening influence of the steel wire, and finally drawing to the standard diameter of the welding core;
the middle diameter is phi 6 mm-phi 10 mm;
the core wire has a standard diameter of phi 2 mm-phi 6 mm.
8. The method for producing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel according to claim 7, wherein the intermediate diameter is Φ8mm.
9. The method for producing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al based low temperature steel according to claim 7, wherein the standard diameter of the core wire is Φ4mm.
10. The method for producing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel according to claim 6, wherein the specific means for producing the coating of (2) is:
Proportioning the components of the coating according to the weight percentage, uniformly mixing the components, adding potassium sodium water glass, and pressing and coating the medicinal powder on the outer surface of the standard welding core prepared according to the process by using a welding rod pressing and coating machine to prepare the coating; and then drying.
11. The method for preparing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al series low temperature steel according to claim 10, wherein each component of the coating comprises atomized magnesium-calcium powder, and the preparation method of the atomized magnesium-calcium powder is as follows:
mixing magnesium powder and calcium powder in a certain mass ratio, smelting the mixed powder of magnesium and calcium to liquid state in a vacuum smelting furnace, and preparing the magnesium-calcium powder by a vacuum atomization method.
12. The method for producing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel according to claim 11, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium powder to calcium powder is 98:2 to 90:10.
13. The method for producing a high manganese austenitic welding rod for welding Fe-Mn-Al-based low temperature steel according to claim 12, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium powder to calcium powder is 95:5.
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