CN115618780B - Design method of no-current air-core reactor and no-current air-core reactor - Google Patents
Design method of no-current air-core reactor and no-current air-core reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of an annular hollow reactor and the annular hollow reactor, which belong to the technical field of reactor design, and comprise a star frame arm, an encapsulation and a reactor coil, wherein the reactor coil is formed by winding N aluminum flat wires; the aluminum flat wires are independently wound on each star frame arm, each coil of each aluminum flat wire is wound for one-half turn to enter the next coil, and the N aluminum flat wires are continuously wound in the reverse direction for the next layer of structure after finishing the single-layer structure according to the number of the aluminum flat wires which are wrapped and wound in each wrapping way in the single-layer structure until the whole reactor coil is wound; the number of star arms, the number of the radial aluminum flat wires wrapped and wound by each wrapping and the number of the axial aluminum flat wires wrapped and wound by each wrapping and winding in a single-layer structure are designed by calculating isothermal inductance. The non-circulation in the encapsulation is realized, and the problem of local overheating of the reactor caused by circulation is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reactor design, and particularly relates to a design method of an annular flow air-core reactor and the annular flow air-core reactor.
Background
The dry-type reactor is widely applied to a 35kV-500kV transformer substation and plays an important role in links such as overvoltage suppression, filtering, reactive compensation and the like. The high-voltage dry type air-core reactor technology is introduced into China for over thirty years, and the prior art adopts a multi-encapsulation and multi-encapsulation branch parallel structure, can realize reactance parameter requirements of various capacities and voltage grades, and is widely applied to medium-voltage, high-voltage and ultra-high voltage power grids. However, operation and fault analysis for many years show that the traditional air-core reactor structure also exposes more and more defects and fatal defects in winding structures, wire insulation, encapsulation insulation, manufacturing process and the like; in addition, the structural design of the large-inductance, small-current, small-inductance and large-current type reactor still adopts the common reactor to cause the problems of small capacity, large volume, extremely low design temperature rise, large fractional turn error and the like, and the problems of design, process and materials exist for a long time, so that the high-voltage dry type air-core reactor is easy to cause excessive loss, package cracking after local circulation heating and the like in an open running environment, and finally serious accidents such as fire burning and the like of the reactor can be possibly caused.
The existing dry type air-core reactor technology cannot effectively solve the key technical problems in the aspects of local overheating caused by encapsulation cracking and circulation generated after fractional turns, long-term operation and process production of multi-wire-scale complex windings and the like, and severely restricts the development and perfection of the outdoor dry type air-core reactor technology.
There is a need in the art for a new solution to this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a design method of an annular hollow reactor and the annular hollow reactor, which are used for solving the technical problems that the prior art cannot eliminate the problem that the reactor encapsulates circulation and causes local heating.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the design method of the loop-free air-core reactor comprises the following steps which are sequentially carried out,
calculating theoretical inductance values of the reactor to be designed, cross section sizes of aluminum flat wires adopted during winding, current density values in wires and air channel widths among packages according to voltage grades, reactance rates and rated currents of the reactor, and determining the value ranges of the inner diameter, the height and the number of packages of the reactor;
step two, selecting any numerical value in the value range of the inner diameter, the height and the number of the envelops of the reactor determined in the step one, and equivalent each envelop in the reactor is equivalent to a single-turn coil, establishing a series model of each envelop coil to obtain a series equivalent coil coupling equation set 1, further obtaining a theoretical calculation expression 2 of the equivalent mutual inductance coefficient and the equivalent turns of the reactor, and determining the equivalent turns of the reactor equivalent to a single envelop form;
wherein ω is angular frequency, unit: radians/second; m is M ij For each ofMutual inductance between envelopes, self-inductance value, i=1, 2 … m, j=1, 2 … m, when i=j, self-inductance value, i+.j, unit: millihenry; i n Rated current value, unit: safety is carried out; u (U) i Voltage values shared for each envelope, i=1, 2 … m, units: voltage (v); f (f) ij The mutual inductance and the self-inductance coefficient between the envelopes can be determined according to the mutual inductance and the self-inductance coefficient and the equivalent turns in the envelopes; f (f) e The self inductance coefficient of the multi-encapsulated reactor is equivalent to that of a single-encapsulated reactor; l (L) n The theoretical inductance value of the reactor is as follows: millihenry; m is the number of envelopes, unit: a plurality of; n is n e To equivalent a multi-envelope reactor to an equivalent number of turns in a single envelope, unit: a turn;
setting an initial thickness of the encapsulation, and determining the number of axial turns according to the cross section size of the aluminum flat wire obtained in the step one and the encapsulation design height of the reactor; determining the radial turns of the reactor through the equivalent turns and the axial turns obtained in the second step;
step four, combining the equivalent turns of the reactor obtained in the step two, and obtaining the equivalent loss of the reactor according to the following formula;
P e ＝k p ρπD e n e I n J (3)
wherein P is e The equivalent loss of the reactor is as follows: watts; k (k) p An additional loss factor for the envelope of 1.2; the resistivity of aluminum at 100 ℃ p is 3.9X10 -8 Euro-rice; d (D) e The equivalent diameter of the reactor is the arithmetic average value of the inner diameter of the reactor and the outer diameter of the reactor, and the unit is: rice; n is n e The equivalent turns of the reactor are as follows: a turn; i n Rated current, unit: safety is carried out; j is the current density value in the wire, unit: an/square meter;
fifthly, according to rated current, the cross section size of the aluminum flat wire and the winding coefficient in the aluminum flat wire, rounding and calculating to obtain the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire, determining the number of the star frame arms of the reactor according to the number, and independently winding each aluminum flat wire on each star frame arm;
step six, obtaining the total number of the aluminum flat wires wound in the single-layer structure of the reactor according to the radial turns of the reactor obtained in the step three and the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire obtained in the step five;
step seven, according to the principle that the heat load of each package is equal when the temperature of the package is increased, the method can obtain:
wherein k is p An additional loss factor for the envelope of 1.2; the resistivity of aluminum at 100 ℃ p is 3.9X10 -8 Euro-rice; d (D) i 、D j Equivalent diameters of the i and j th envelopes, in units: rice; h i 、H j The heights of the i and j th envelopes, respectively, are in units of: rice; a, a i1 、a i2 And a j1 、a j2 The heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface and the outer surface of the i-th encapsulation and the j-th encapsulation are respectively, the innermost surface and the outermost surface are not shielded, so that the value is 1, and the middle heat dissipation coefficient is related to the width of the air passage and the encapsulation height; k (k) i1 、k i2 And k is equal to j1 、k j2 The shading coefficients of the i and j encapsulating stay are respectively equal to 1, the shading coefficient of the middle encapsulating stay is 0.9 because the innermost and outermost surfaces are not shaded; n is n i 、n j Equivalent turns of the i and j th envelopes, in units of: a turn; a is that i 、A j The total axial metal width in the i and j th envelopes, respectively, is in units of: rice;
the number of the aluminum flat wires in each package meets the same proportional relation as the formula 7, so that the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each package in the single-layer structure is obtained;
step eight, according to the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping in the single-layer structure obtained in the step seven, re-calculating the wrapping thickness, repeating the steps three to eight of the new wrapping thickness until the relative error value of the equivalent loss of the reactor calculated according to the formula 3 is less than 1% twice, and ending the circulation to obtain the thickness and the number of turns of each wrapping;
step nine, according to the equivalent loss value of the reactor obtained in the step four, obtaining the equivalent Wen Sheng of the reactor according to the following formula,
wherein P is e The equivalent loss of the reactor is as follows: watts; m is the number of envelopes, unit: a plurality of; d (D) i Equivalent diameter for the ith envelope, units: rice; h i Height of the ith envelope, units: rice; a, a i1 、a i2 The heat dissipation coefficient of the inner surface and the outer surface of the ith encapsulation are respectively the heat dissipation coefficient, the innermost surface and the outermost surface are not shielded, so that the value is 1, and the middle heat dissipation coefficient is related to the width of the air passage and the encapsulation height; k (k) i1 、k i2 The shading coefficient of the ith wrapping stay is respectively equal to 1, the shading coefficient of the middle wrapping stay is 0.9 because the innermost and outermost surfaces are not shaded; 1.35 is a revision factor considering all harmonic losses;
judging whether the temperature rise theta is greater than 75K and Wen Sheng is greater than 75K, changing the inner diameter, the height and the encapsulation number of the reactor, and repeating the steps two to eight until the temperature rise theta is less than 75K to obtain the structural size of the reactor;
step ten, according to the structural size of the reactor determined in the step nine and combining with the formula 2, calculating to obtain an actual inductance value of the reactor, when the relative error value between the actual inductance value and the theoretical inductance value is less than 3%, obtaining each design parameter of the reactor, otherwise, repeating the steps two to nine, and adjusting the inner diameter, the height and the encapsulation number of the reactor; the structural dimensions of the reactor comprise an inner diameter, a height, a packing number, a packing thickness, a packing turns and an airway width;
step eleven, starting to wind a reactor coil according to the structural size of the reactor, the number of the star arms of the reactor and the number of the wrapped and wound aluminum flat wires in the single-layer structure, which are finally determined in the step ten; each aluminum flat wire is independently wound on each star frame arm, the number of the star frame arms of the reactor is N, each aluminum flat wire is wound for one-half turn to enter the next turn, and the N aluminum flat wires are continuously wound in the reverse direction after the winding of the aluminum flat wires in the single-layer structure is completed, until the winding of the whole reactor coil is completed.
The no-current air-core reactor comprises a plurality of star-frame arms, a plurality of envelop, a plurality of stay between envelop and a plurality of reactor coils, wherein the number of the star-frame arms is N; the reactor coil is formed by winding N aluminum flat wires; the aluminum flat wires are independently wound on each star frame arm, each aluminum flat wire is wound for one-half turn to enter the next turn, and the N aluminum flat wires are continuously wound in the reverse direction after the winding of the single-layer structure is completed according to the number of the aluminum flat wires which are wrapped and wound in each single-layer structure until the winding of the whole reactor coil is completed.
The number of star-frame arms, the number of the radial aluminum flat wires wrapped and wound by each wrapping and the number of the axial aluminum flat wires wrapped and wound by each wrapping and winding in a single-layer structure are determined by adopting the design method of the loop-free air-core reactor.
Through the design scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the traditional air core reactor design, only a single aluminum wire specification is adopted in the reactor design, and the manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced.
2. Compared with the traditional air-core reactor, the coils in each encapsulation of the reactor are equal in length, the reactor space structure is completely symmetrical, no circulation current in the encapsulation is realized, and the problem of local overheating of the reactor caused by the circulation current is solved.
3. The problems of small capacity, large volume, extremely low design temperature rise, large fractional turn error and the like of the traditional air core reactor are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a design method of the loop-free air-core reactor of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the inner diameter of the reactor and the designed inductance value in a specific embodiment of a design method of a loop-free air-core reactor according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a wiring diagram of a single-layer winding structure of the loop-free air-core reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ac-free air-core reactor according to the present invention.
In the figure, 10-star arms, 11-envelops, 12-envelops inter-stay, 13-reactor coils.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that. The following detailed description is illustrative rather than limiting, and the user may make various changes to the following parameters without departing from the inventive mechanism and scope set forth in the claims. Well-known methods and procedures have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The method is shown in the accompanying drawings from 1 to 4: the design method of the loop-free air-core reactor comprises the following steps which are sequentially carried out,
calculating theoretical inductance values of the reactor to be designed, cross section sizes of aluminum flat wires adopted during winding, current density values in wires and air channel widths among packages according to voltage grades, reactance rates and rated currents of the reactor, and determining the value ranges of the inner diameter, the height and the number of packages of the reactor;
step two, selecting any numerical value in the value range of the inner diameter, the height and the number of the envelops of the reactor determined in the step one, and equivalent each envelop in the reactor is equivalent to a single-turn coil, establishing a series model of each envelop coil to obtain a series equivalent coil coupling equation set 1, further obtaining a theoretical calculation expression 2 of the equivalent mutual inductance coefficient and the equivalent turns of the reactor, and determining the equivalent turns of the reactor equivalent to a single envelop form;
wherein ω is angular frequency, unit: radians/second; m is M ij For mutual inductance and self-inductance values between the envelopes, i=1, 2 … m, j=1, 2 … m, and when i=j, the self-inductance value is the mutual inductance value, and when i+.j, the unit is: millihenry; i n Rated current value, unit: safety is carried out; u (U) i Voltage values shared for each envelope, i=1, 2 … m, units: voltage (v); f (f) ij The mutual inductance and the self-inductance coefficient between the envelopes can be determined according to the mutual inductance and the self-inductance coefficient and the equivalent turns in the envelopes; f (f) e The self inductance coefficient of the multi-encapsulated reactor is equivalent to that of a single-encapsulated reactor; l (L) n The theoretical inductance value of the reactor is as follows: millihenry; m is the number of envelopes, unit: a plurality of; n is n e To equivalent a multi-envelope reactor to an equivalent number of turns in a single envelope, unit: a turn;
setting an initial thickness of the encapsulation, and determining the number of axial turns according to the cross section size of the aluminum flat wire obtained in the step one and the encapsulation design height of the reactor; determining the radial turns of the reactor through the equivalent turns and the axial turns obtained in the second step;
step four, combining the equivalent turns of the reactor obtained in the step two, and obtaining the equivalent loss of the reactor according to the following formula;
P e ＝k p ρπD e n e I n J (3)
wherein P is e The equivalent loss of the reactor is as follows: watts; k (k) p An additional loss factor for the envelope of 1.2; the resistivity of aluminum at 100 ℃ p is 3.9X10 -8 Euro-rice; d (D) e Is electric powerThe equivalent diameter of the reactor is the arithmetic average value of the inner diameter of the reactor and the outer diameter of the reactor, and the unit is: rice; n is n e The equivalent turns of the reactor are as follows: a turn; i n Rated current, unit: safety is carried out; j is the current density value in the wire, unit: an/square meter;
fifthly, according to rated current, the cross section size of the aluminum flat wire and the winding coefficient in the aluminum flat wire, rounding and calculating to obtain the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire, determining the number of the star frame arms of the reactor according to the number, and independently winding each aluminum flat wire on each star frame arm;
step six, obtaining the total number of the aluminum flat wires wound in the single-layer structure of the reactor according to the radial turns of the reactor obtained in the step three and the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire obtained in the step five;
step seven, according to the principle that the heat load of each package is equal when the temperature of the package is increased, the method can obtain:
wherein k is p An additional loss factor for the envelope of 1.2; the resistivity of aluminum at 100 ℃ p is 3.9X10 -8 Euro-rice; d (D) i 、D j Equivalent diameters of the i and j th envelopes, in units: rice; h i 、H j The heights of the i and j th envelopes, respectively, are in units of: rice; a, a i1 、a i2 And a j1 、a j2 Respectively in the ith and j th envelopesThe heat dissipation coefficient of the outer surface, the innermost and outermost surfaces are not shielded, so that the value is 1, and the middle heat dissipation coefficient is related to the width of the air passage and the encapsulation height; k (k) i1 、k i2 And k is equal to j1 、k j2 The shading coefficients of the i and j encapsulating stay are respectively equal to 1, the shading coefficient of the middle encapsulating stay is 0.9 because the innermost and outermost surfaces are not shaded; n is n i 、n j Equivalent turns of the i and j th envelopes, in units of: a turn; a is that i 、A j The total axial metal width in the i and j th envelopes, respectively, is in units of: rice;
the number of the aluminum flat wires in each package meets the same proportional relation as the formula 7, so that the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each package in the single-layer structure is obtained;
step eight, according to the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping in the single-layer structure obtained in the step seven, re-calculating the wrapping thickness, repeating the steps three to eight of the new wrapping thickness until the relative error value of the equivalent loss of the reactor calculated according to the formula 3 is less than 1% twice, and ending the circulation to obtain the thickness and the number of turns of each wrapping;
step nine, according to the equivalent loss value of the reactor obtained in the step four, obtaining the equivalent Wen Sheng of the reactor according to the following formula,
wherein P is e The equivalent loss of the reactor is as follows: watts; m is the number of envelopes, unit: a plurality of; d (D) i Equivalent diameter for the ith envelope, units: rice; h i Height of the ith envelope, units: rice; a, a i1 、a i2 The heat dissipation coefficient of the inner surface and the outer surface of the ith encapsulation are respectively the heat dissipation coefficient, the innermost surface and the outermost surface are not shielded, so that the value is 1, and the middle heat dissipation coefficient is related to the width of the air passage and the encapsulation height; k (k) i1 、k i2 The shading coefficient of the ith wrapping stay is respectively equal to 1, the shading coefficient of the middle wrapping stay is 0.9 because the innermost and outermost surfaces are not shaded; 1.35 is the revision factor after considering all harmonic losses；
Judging whether the temperature rise theta is greater than 75K and Wen Sheng is greater than 75K, changing the inner diameter, the height and the encapsulation number of the reactor, and repeating the steps two to eight until the temperature rise theta is less than 75K to obtain the structural size of the reactor;
step ten, according to the structural size of the reactor determined in the step nine and combining with the formula 2, calculating to obtain an actual inductance value of the reactor, when the relative error value between the actual inductance value and the theoretical inductance value is less than 3%, obtaining each design parameter of the reactor, otherwise, repeating the steps two to nine, and adjusting the inner diameter, the height and the encapsulation number of the reactor; the structural dimensions of the reactor comprise an inner diameter, a height, a packing number, a packing thickness, a packing turns and an airway width;
step eleven, starting to wind a reactor coil according to the structural size of the reactor, the number of the star arms of the reactor and the number of the wrapped and wound aluminum flat wires in the single-layer structure, which are finally determined in the step ten; each aluminum flat wire is independently wound on each star frame arm, the number of the star frame arms of the reactor is N, each aluminum flat wire is wound for one-half turn to enter the next turn, and the N aluminum flat wires are continuously wound in the reverse direction after the winding of the aluminum flat wires in the single-layer structure is completed, until the winding of the whole reactor coil is completed.
Further, the aluminum flat wire is formed by pressing a plurality of round aluminum wires, so that gaps exist, and the winding coefficient in the aluminum flat wire in the fifth step is 0.83.
And in the fifth step, the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire is even.
The no-current air-core reactor comprises a star frame arm 10, an encapsulation 11, inter-encapsulation stay 12 and a reactor coil 13, wherein the number of the star frame arms 10 is N; the reactor coil 13 is formed by winding N aluminum flat wires; the aluminum flat wires are independently wound on each star frame arm 10, each aluminum flat wire is wound for one-half turn to enter the next turn, and the N aluminum flat wires are continuously wound in the reverse direction after the winding of the single-layer structure is completed according to the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping 11 in the single-layer structure until the winding of the whole reactor coil 13 is completed.
Compared with the traditional air-core reactor design, the no-loop air-core reactor realizes that only a single aluminum wire specification is adopted in the reactor design, and reduces the manufacturing difficulty and cost; the coils are equal in length in each encapsulation of the reactor, the space structure of the reactor is completely symmetrical, no circulation current is realized in the encapsulation, and the problem of local overheating of the reactor caused by the circulation current is solved.
The number of star-frame arms 10, the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping 11 in the single-layer structure and the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping 11 in the axial direction are determined by adopting the design method of the loop-free air-core reactor. The method for designing the structure of the loop-free air-core reactor by calculating the isothermal rise inductance solves the problems of small capacity, large volume, extremely low design temperature rise, large fractional turn error and the like of the traditional air-core reactor.
In a specific embodiment, the rated voltage value is 11000 v, the reactance rate is 6%, the rated current value is 100A, the current density is 1 ampere/square millimeter, the width of an encapsulated air passage is 19 millimeters, the cross section size of an aluminum flat wire is 10 millimeters high and 2 millimeters wide, the inner diameter range of the reactor is set to be 0.5-2 meters, the height range is set to be 0.2-1.8 meters, and the number of encapsulated air passages is 1-14. According to the repeated iterative calculation of the method, under the boundary conditions that the loss, the temperature rise, the design inductance value error and the like are considered and conform to the method definition, the following reactor design parameters are obtained, the internal diameter of the reactor design parameters is 0.72 meter, the height of the reactor design parameters is 0.832 meter, the number of the envelopes is 4, the equivalent diameter De of the reactor is 0.807m by adopting the algorithm of the invention, the equivalent turns are 160 turns, the radial turns are 2 turns, the axial turns are 80 turns, the thickness of the four envelopes is respectively 10 millimeters, 5 millimeters and 10 millimeters from inside to outside, the equivalent turns of the four envelopes are respectively 53.333 turns, 26.667 turns, 26.667 turns and 53.333 turns from inside to outside, the number of aluminum flat wires in a single turn wire is 6, and the number of the aluminum flat wires in each single-layer structure of the envelopes is respectively obtained: the first package is 4, the second package is 2, the third package is 2, the fourth package is 4, and the single-layer reactor structure wire arrangement mode is shown in fig. 3.
The total resistance value of the aluminum wire wound in the reactor is 0.1592 ohms, the temperature rise of the reactor is 48.0127 Kelvin, the design inductance value is 12.207 mHunt, the resistance loss is 1886.4 watts, the heat loss is 3468.7 watts, and the target inductance value is 12.1292 mHunt according to rated voltage, current and reactance rate in a specific embodiment. The relative error between the designed inductance value and the target inductance value is 0.641 percent by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, thereby meeting the requirement of engineering 5 percent of calculation error.
The novel non-circulation reactor structure is shown in fig. 4, the number of the envelopes 11 is four, and the number of internal turns is 53.333 turns, 26.667 turns, 26.667 turns and 53.333 turns respectively. Six aluminum flat wires are respectively started on six star-frame arms 10, each aluminum flat wire is converted into the next package 11 when the innermost package 11 is wound for two thirds of turns, is converted into the next package 11 when the innermost package is wound for one third of turns, is converted into the outermost package 11 when the outermost package is wound for one third of turns, and completes a single-layer structure when the outermost package 11 is wound for two thirds of turns, so that the next-layer structure is continuously wound from outside to inside along the reverse direction in a total of 2 turns, until the whole reactor coil 13 is wound, and the winding is completed on the star-frame arms in the winding conversion package. The specific wire arrangement mode of the aluminum flat wires is that the six aluminum flat wires are independently wound on the six star frame arms 10, each aluminum flat wire is wound for one sixth of a circle to enter the next circle, and the six aluminum flat wires continue to wind the next layer structure in the reverse direction after winding the single-layer structure according to the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping 11 in the single-layer structure until the whole reactor coil 13 is wound.
The invention calculates the inductance values of the same reactor with the height of 0.832 m, the same encapsulation number of 4 and different inner diameters, the range of the inner diameter is 0.4-1.2 m, and the relation between the inner diameter of the reactor and the designed inductance value is shown in figure 2. According to the calculation result, the inner diameter is between 0.4 and 0.5 meter, and the inner diameter of the reactor is small, so that the radial turns are 3 turns, the total turns are 240 turns, and the inductance value is increased along with the increase of the inner diameter; the inner diameter is between 0.55 and 1.0 meter, the radial turns are 2 turns, the total turns are 160 turns, and the inductance value is increased along with the increase of the inner diameter; the inner diameter is between 1.05 and 1.2, the radial turns are 1 turn, the total turns are 80 turns, the inductance value increases along with the increase of the inner diameter, the abrupt change point in the curve is caused by the decrease of the radial turns due to the increase of the inner diameter, and the optimal value is close to the target inductance value in the change range.
Therefore, the structural parameter design of the non-circulation air-core reactor can be realized by the novel calculation method of the temperature rise inductance of the non-circulation air-core reactor encapsulation and the like.
It will be apparent that the embodiments described above are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A design method of an annular flow air-core reactor is characterized in that: comprising the following steps, and the following steps are carried out in sequence,
calculating theoretical inductance values of the reactor to be designed, cross section sizes of aluminum flat wires adopted during winding, current density values in wires and air channel widths among packages according to voltage grades, reactance rates and rated currents of the reactor, and determining the value ranges of the inner diameter, the height and the number of packages of the reactor;
step two, selecting any numerical value in the value range of the inner diameter, the height and the number of the envelops of the reactor determined in the step one, and equivalent each envelop in the reactor is equivalent to a single-turn coil, establishing a series model of each envelop coil to obtain a series equivalent coil coupling equation set (1), further obtaining a theoretical calculation expression (2) of the equivalent mutual inductance coefficient and the equivalent turns of the reactor, and determining the equivalent turns of the reactor equivalent to a single envelop form;
wherein ω is angular frequency, unit: radians/second;M ij for mutual inductance and self-inductance values between the envelopes, i=1, 2 … m, j=1, 2 … m, and when i=j, the self-inductance value is the mutual inductance value, and when i+.j, the unit is: millihenry; i n Rated current value, unit: safety is carried out; u (U) i Voltage values shared for each envelope, i=1, 2 … m, units: voltage (v); f (f) ij The mutual inductance and the self-inductance coefficient between the envelopes can be determined according to the mutual inductance and the self-inductance coefficient and the equivalent turns in the envelopes; f (f) e The self inductance coefficient of the multi-encapsulated reactor is equivalent to that of a single-encapsulated reactor; l (L) n The theoretical inductance value of the reactor is as follows: millihenry; m is the number of envelopes, unit: a plurality of; n is n e To equivalent a multi-envelope reactor to an equivalent number of turns in a single envelope, unit: a turn;
setting an initial thickness of the encapsulation, and determining the number of axial turns according to the cross section size of the aluminum flat wire obtained in the step one and the encapsulation design height of the reactor; determining the radial turns of the reactor through the equivalent turns and the axial turns obtained in the second step;
step four, combining the equivalent turns of the reactor obtained in the step two, and obtaining the equivalent loss of the reactor according to the following formula;
P e ＝k p ρπD e n e I n J (3)
wherein P is e The equivalent loss of the reactor is as follows: watts; k (k) p An additional loss factor for the envelope of 1.2; the resistivity of aluminum at 100 ℃ p is 3.9X10 -8 Euro-rice; d (D) e The equivalent diameter of the reactor is the arithmetic average value of the inner diameter of the reactor and the outer diameter of the reactor, and the unit is: rice; n is n e The equivalent turns of the reactor are as follows: a turn; i n Rated current, unit: safety is carried out; j is the current density value in the wire, unit: an/square meter;
fifthly, according to rated current, the cross section size of the aluminum flat wire and the winding coefficient in the aluminum flat wire, rounding and calculating to obtain the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire, determining the number of the star frame arms of the reactor according to the number, and independently winding each aluminum flat wire on each star frame arm;
step six, obtaining the total number of the aluminum flat wires wound in the single-layer structure of the reactor according to the radial turns of the reactor obtained in the step three and the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire obtained in the step five;
step seven, according to the principle that the heat load of each package is equal when the temperature of the package is increased, the method can obtain:
wherein k is p An additional loss factor for the envelope of 1.2; the resistivity of aluminum at 100 ℃ p is 3.9X10 -8 Euro-rice; d (D) i 、D j Equivalent diameters of the i and j th envelopes, in units: rice; h i 、H j The heights of the i and j th envelopes, respectively, are in units of: rice; a, a i1 、a i2 And a j1 、a j2 The heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface and the outer surface of the i-th encapsulation and the j-th encapsulation are respectively, the innermost surface and the outermost surface are not shielded, so that the value is 1, and the middle heat dissipation coefficient is related to the width of the air passage and the encapsulation height; k (k) i1 、k i2 And k is equal to j1 、k j2 The shading coefficients of the i and j encapsulating stay are respectively equal to 1, the shading coefficient of the middle encapsulating stay is 0.9 because the innermost and outermost surfaces are not shaded; n is n i 、n j Equivalent turns of the i and j th envelopes, in units of: a turn; a is that i 、A j The total axial metal width in the i and j th envelopes, respectively, is in units of: rice；
The number of the aluminum flat wires in each package meets the same proportional relation of the formula (7), so that the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each package in the single-layer structure is obtained;
step eight, calculating the wrapping thickness again according to the number of the wrapping and winding aluminum flat wires in the single-layer structure, and repeating the steps three to eight for each new wrapping thickness until the relative error value of the equivalent loss of the reactor calculated according to the formula (3) is less than 1% twice, and ending the cycle to obtain the thickness and the number of turns of each wrapping;
step nine, according to the equivalent loss value of the reactor obtained in the step four, obtaining the equivalent Wen Sheng of the reactor according to the following formula,
wherein P is e The equivalent loss of the reactor is as follows: watts; m is the number of envelopes, unit: a plurality of; d (D) i Equivalent diameter for the ith envelope, units: rice; h i Height of the ith envelope, units: rice; a, a i1 、a i2 The heat dissipation coefficient of the inner surface and the outer surface of the ith encapsulation are respectively the heat dissipation coefficient, the innermost surface and the outermost surface are not shielded, so that the value is 1, and the middle heat dissipation coefficient is related to the width of the air passage and the encapsulation height; k (k) i1 、k i2 The shading coefficient of the ith wrapping stay is respectively equal to 1, the shading coefficient of the middle wrapping stay is 0.9 because the innermost and outermost surfaces are not shaded; 1.35 is a revision factor considering all harmonic losses;
judging whether the temperature rise theta is greater than 75K and Wen Sheng is greater than 75K, changing the inner diameter, the height and the encapsulation number of the reactor, and repeating the steps two to eight until the temperature rise theta is less than 75K to obtain the structural size of the reactor;
step ten, according to the structural size of the reactor determined in the step nine and the combination formula (2), calculating to obtain an actual inductance value of the reactor, when the relative error value between the actual inductance value and the theoretical inductance value is less than 3%, obtaining each design parameter of the reactor, otherwise, repeating the steps two to nine, and adjusting the inner diameter, the height and the encapsulation number of the reactor; the structural dimensions of the reactor comprise an inner diameter, a height, a packing number, a packing thickness, a packing turns and an airway width;
step eleven, starting to wind a reactor coil according to the structural size of the reactor, the number of the star arms of the reactor and the number of the wrapped and wound aluminum flat wires in the single-layer structure, which are finally determined in the step ten; each aluminum flat wire is independently wound on each star frame arm, the number of the star frame arms of the reactor is N, each aluminum flat wire is wound for one-half turn to enter the next turn, and the N aluminum flat wires are continuously wound in the reverse direction after the winding of the aluminum flat wires in the single-layer structure is completed, until the winding of the whole reactor coil is completed.
2. The design method of the loop-free air-core reactor according to claim 1, wherein the design method comprises the following steps: and step five, the winding coefficient in the aluminum flat wire is 0.83.
3. The design method of the loop-free air-core reactor according to claim 1, wherein the design method comprises the following steps: and fifthly, the number of the aluminum flat wires required in the single-turn wire is even.
4. The utility model provides an no-current air core reactor which characterized in that: the device comprises a plurality of star frame arms (10), a plurality of envelops (11), a plurality of stay bars (12) between the envelops and a plurality of reactor coils (13), wherein the number of the star frame arms (10) is N; the reactor coil (13) is formed by winding N aluminum flat wires; the aluminum flat wires are independently wound on each star frame arm (10), each aluminum flat wire is wound for one-half turn to enter the next turn, the N aluminum flat wires are wound to complete a single-layer structure according to the number of the aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping (11) in the single-layer structure, and then the next-layer structure is continuously wound in the reverse direction until the whole reactor coil (13) is wound; the number of the star-frame arms (10), the number of the radial aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping (11) in the single-layer structure and the number of the axial aluminum flat wires wound by each wrapping (11) are determined by adopting the design method of the no-loop air-core reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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