CN115612358B - Coating for isothermal forging die protection and application - Google Patents

Coating for isothermal forging die protection and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115612358B
CN115612358B CN202211182890.3A CN202211182890A CN115612358B CN 115612358 B CN115612358 B CN 115612358B CN 202211182890 A CN202211182890 A CN 202211182890A CN 115612358 B CN115612358 B CN 115612358B
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parts
isothermal forging
coating
die
isothermal
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CN115612358A (en
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冯驰
王建峰
邹丰
段素杰
罗洪春
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Beijing Tian Lichuang Science And Technology Of Glass Develop Co ltd
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Beijing Tian Lichuang Science And Technology Of Glass Develop Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D129/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D161/00—Coating compositions based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D161/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C09D161/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2206—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of calcium, strontium or barium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
    • C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2251—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of chromium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a coating for protecting an isothermal forging die and application thereof. The paint consists of 20-30 parts by weight of glass powder A, 5-10 parts by weight of glass powder B and 2-10 parts by weight of TiO 2 0 to 15 parts of MgO, 0 to 5 parts of CaO and 0 to 20 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 5 parts of kaolin, 0 to 5 parts of albite, 20 to 30 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder. The coating can prevent the die from being oxidized in the high-temperature long-time heating process, can also play a role in auxiliary lubrication during isothermal forging, and reduces the abrasion of the die and the generation of surface cracks; after the isothermal forging is finished, the coating can be firmly attached to the surface of the die, the coating can continuously play a role in protection in the following isothermal forging process, and the accumulated protection duration can reach 60-80 hours, so that the service life of the die is obviously prolonged, and the repair cost of the die is reduced.

Description

Coating for isothermal forging die protection and application
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal high-temperature protection, in particular to a coating for protecting an isothermal forging die and application thereof.
Background
Isothermal forging belongs to a special forging process, wherein a forging die is heated to the same temperature as a forging blank, the temperature is usually higher than 900 ℃, and because the die is relatively large in volume, the heating and heat preservation time is long, and the isothermal forging process is mainly used for forging and forming a part of forgings with complex shapes of difficult-to-deform alloys such as titanium alloy, powder superalloy and the like. The special isothermal forging dies are heated to high temperature and are required to be kept at the high temperature for a long time, so the requirement on the hardness of the special isothermal forging dies at the high temperature is high, the die materials are mainly high-temperature alloys, and the novel special isothermal forging dies such as TZC and TZM alloys are gradually used according to the new development of the current die materials. The special isothermal forging die mainly composed of high-temperature alloy can sequentially form an obvious oxide layer, a grain boundary oxide layer and an alloy element depletion layer on the surface of the die at a high temperature of 900 ℃ or higher, and particularly for a large isothermal forging die, the influence and loss caused by the surface oxide layer and the depletion layer are larger.
Based on the above factors, it is desirable to apply a protective coating to the isothermal forging die surface that prevents excessive oxidation and alloy element depletion at high temperatures. Meanwhile, the coating is mostly not peeled off in the process that the die is cooled to room temperature after the isothermal forging process is finished, so that the protection effect can be continuously played in the next isothermal forging process, the accumulated protection duration of the coating can reach 40-60 hours, after the single isothermal forging process is finished, if the upper limit of the protection duration is not reached, only a small part of the coating is peeled off, the peeled part of the coating can be repaired, and most of the non-peeled part of the coating can continuously play the protection effect in the next isothermal forging process until the upper limit of the accumulated protection duration is reached. In the prior art, methods such as polishing and renewing the surface of a die, local replacement, surfacing welding and the like are adopted to remove and repair an oxidation layer and a depletion layer of the die. However, on one hand, the conventional methods such as polishing and renewing are adopted to remove the oxide layer, deplete the layer and repair the die, which takes a long time and takes more manpower. On the other hand, the consumption of the die usually accounts for 10-20% of the forging cost, while the special die applied to isothermal forging has higher manufacturing cost and higher cost proportion, and the traditional method is not beneficial to the reduction of the maintenance cost of the die.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a coating for protecting an isothermal forging die and application thereof, so as to solve the problems of short service life and high maintenance cost of the isothermal forging die in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a paint for isothermal forging die protection, the paint comprising, in parts by weight, 20 to 30 parts of glass frit A, 5 to 10 parts of glass frit B, 2 to 10 parts of TiO 2 0 to 15 parts of MgO, 0 to 5 parts of CaO and 0 to 20 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 5 parts of kaolin, 0 to 5 parts of albite, 20 to 30 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder; wherein, the glass powder A consists of 30 to 45 parts by weight of SiO 2 10-15 parts of Al 2 O 3 3 to 5 parts of B 2 O 3 0 to 5 parts of K 2 O and 5-10 parts of CaO; the glass powder B consists of 15-30 parts of SiO 2 5-10 parts of Al 2 O 3 15-25 parts of B 2 O 3 10-20 parts of K 2 O, 1-5 parts of MgO and 10-15 parts of CaO.
Further, the glass powder A consists of 35 to 40 parts by weight of SiO 2 12-15 parts of Al 2 O 3 3 to 5 parts of B 2 O 3 0 to 3 parts of K 2 O and 5-8 parts of CaO; the glass powder B consists of 15-20 parts of SiO 2 6 to 8 portions of Al 2 O 3 17-21 parts of B 2 O 3 10-15 parts of K 2 O, 3-5 parts of MgO and 11-13 parts of CaO.
Further, the solvent is water and/or alcohol; the binder is one or more of acrylic emulsion, phenolic resin and PVB; preferably, the particle size of the solid component in the coating is 200-400 mesh.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of isothermal forging an alloy forging, comprising the step of isothermal forging the alloy forging using an isothermal forging die, the method further comprising, prior to isothermal forging: the coating for protecting the isothermal forging die is mixed and ball-milled according to the components, is coated on the surface of the isothermal forging die after being aged, and is heated in a furnace along with the isothermal forging die and the alloy forging after the coating is dried so as to carry out isothermal forging.
Further, the forging temperature of isothermal forging is 900-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24-60 hours; preferably, the isothermal forging die is made of nickel-based superalloy, the forging temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 24-50 h, and the protective coating consists of 20-30 parts of glass powder A, 5-10 parts of glass powder B and 2-10 parts of TiO 2 5 to 15 parts of MgO, 0 to 5 parts of CaO and 0 to 8 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 0 to 3 parts of albite, 20 to 30 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder; more preferably, the isothermal forging die is a K3 superalloy isothermal forging die or an N3 superalloy isothermal forging die; and/or the isothermal forging die is made of molybdenum-base alloy, the forging temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 48-60 h, and the protective coating consists of 22-29 parts of glass powder A, 5-7 parts of glass powder B and 3-6 parts of TiO 2 8 to 12 parts of MgO, 2 to 4 parts of CaO and 6 to 19 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 2 to 5 parts of albite, 22 to 28 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder; preferably, the isothermal forging die is a TZM alloy isothermal forging die or a TZC alloy isothermal forging die.
Further, when the forging temperature is 900 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 50 hours, the isothermal forging die is a K3 superalloy isothermal forging die, and the coating consists of 20-25 parts by weight of glass powder A, 5-8 parts by weight of glass powder B and 2-6 parts by weight of TiO 2 5 to 8 parts of MgO, 3 to 5 parts of CaO and 5 to 8 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 1 to 3 parts of albite, 25 to 30 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder.
Further, when the forging temperature is 1080 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 24 hours, the isothermal forging die is an N3 superalloy isothermal forging die, and the coating consists of 25-30 parts by weight of glass powder A, 6-10 parts by weight of glass powder B and 8-10 parts by weight of TiO 2 10-15 parts of MgO, 0-3 parts of CaO, 1-3 parts of kaolin, 0-2 parts of albite, 20-25 parts of solvent and 5-10 parts of binder.
Further, when the forging temperature is 1000 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 60 hours, the isothermal forging die is TZM alloy isothermal forging dieOr TZC alloy isothermal forging die, and the coating comprises 22-29 parts by weight of glass powder A, 5-7 parts by weight of glass powder B and 3-6 parts by weight of TiO 2 8 to 12 parts of MgO, 2 to 4 parts of CaO and 6 to 19 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 2 to 5 parts of albite, 22 to 28 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder.
Further, the ball-milling material ratio is (2-4) 1, the ball-milling rotating speed is 50-60 r/min, and the ball-milling time is 10-14 h.
Further, the coating thickness of the coating is 0.2-0.6 mm, and the coating dosage is 0.25-0.45 kg/m 2 。
By applying the technical scheme of the application, the coating is coated on the surface of the isothermal forging die before the isothermal forging die is heated, and the isothermal forging die is heated along with the die after the isothermal forging die is dried, so that the service life of the isothermal forging die can be prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the isothermal forging die can be reduced. Specifically, the coating can prevent the die from being oxidized in the heating process of longer time and higher temperature, and remarkably prolong the service life of the die. Meanwhile, the protective coating is in a glassy state at a high temperature, so that an auxiliary lubrication effect can be achieved during isothermal forging, and the abrasion of a die and the generation of surface cracks are reduced. After the isothermal forging is finished, most of the coating can still be firmly attached to the surface of the die, the coating can continuously play a role in protection in the following isothermal forging process, and the accumulated protection duration can reach 60-80 hours, so that the repair cost of the die is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a photograph of the surface of a coated K3 mold according to example 1 of the present application before heating;
FIG. 2 shows a photograph of the surface of a coated K3 mold heated according to example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a photograph of the surface of a coated N3 mold heated according to example 3 of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a photograph of the surface of a coated N3 mold heated according to example 3 of the present application;
FIG. 5 shows a photograph of the surface of a coated TZM mold heated according to example 5 of the present application; and
fig. 6 shows a photograph of the surface of a coated TZM mold heated according to example 5 of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As described in the background art of the application, the prior art has the problems of low service life and high maintenance cost of the isothermal forging die, and no coating suitable for the conditions is available at present. In order to solve the above problems, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a paint for isothermal forging die protection comprising, by weight, 20 to 30 parts of glass frit A, 5 to 10 parts of glass frit B, 2 to 10 parts of TiO 2 0 to 15 parts of MgO, 0 to 5 parts of CaO and 0 to 20 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 5 parts of kaolin, 0 to 5 parts of albite, 20 to 30 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder; wherein, the glass powder A consists of 30 to 45 parts by weight of SiO 2 10-15 parts of Al 2 O 3 3 to 5 parts of B 2 O 3 0 to 5 parts of K 2 O and 5-10 parts of CaO; the glass powder B consists of 15-30 parts of SiO 2 5-10 parts of Al 2 O 3 15-25 parts of B 2 O 3 10-20 parts of K 2 O, 1-5 parts of MgO and 10-15 parts of CaO.
The application covers the protective paint which can be applied to the special dies for forging at different temperatures such as high-temperature alloy, TZC alloy, TZM alloy and the like, the paint is brushed or sprayed on the surface of the special die for forging at equal temperature before heating, and the special die is heated along with the die after being dried, so that the service life of the die can be prolonged, and the maintenance time and cost of the die can be reduced. Wherein, the glass powder A and the glass powder B in the coating can be melted at corresponding temperatures in the isothermal forging processFused to form a compact, uniform and continuous glass film layer, isolating O 2 And oxidizing corrosion of isothermal forging dies by harmful gases. Al at high temperature 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The oxide and the oxide act together to form compact glass state, so that the tightness of the coating is enhanced, and the high temperature resistance and the oxidation resistance protection capability of the coating can be further improved. Cr (Cr) 2 O 3 The coating can be stably present at high temperature, so that the high-temperature stability of the coating can be further enhanced, and the binding force of the coating and the die at high temperature can be enhanced. The kaolin is easy to disperse in water, so that the coating is easy to coat, and the kaolin can exist stably at high temperature.
The total protection duration of the protective coating can reach 40-60 hours at the temperature of more than 900 ℃, the problems of oxidation and alloy element depletion of special dies for forging at different temperatures are remarkably reduced, the abrasive action generated by metal oxide skin is avoided, and therefore the abrasion of a die groove can be obviously slowed down, and the service life of the die is prolonged. The protective coating is in a glassy state at a high temperature, can also play a role in auxiliary lubrication during isothermal forging, reduces the abrasion of the die and the generation of surface cracks, and prolongs the service life of the die. In addition, the protective coating provided by the application can be used for preventing most of the die from peeling off in the process of cooling to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, and the protective effect is continuously achieved in the next isothermal forging process, and only the peeled part of the coating is required to be subjected to repair coating, so that the use cost of the coating and the labor cost caused by repeatedly coating the coating are reduced, and the maintenance cost of the die is greatly reduced compared with that of the traditional technology.
In a preferred embodiment, the glass frit A consists of 35 to 40 parts by weight of SiO 2 12-15 parts of Al 2 O 3 3 to 5 parts of B 2 O 3 0 to 3 parts of K 2 O and 5-8 parts of CaO; the glass powder B consists of 15-20 parts of SiO 2 6 to 8 portions of Al 2 O 3 17-21 parts of B 2 O 3 10-15 parts of K 2 O, 3-5 parts of MgO and 11-13 parts of CaO, the protection effect of the coating can be further improved, thereby prolonging the service life of the isothermal forging die and reducing the number of the componentsPaint flaking reduces maintenance costs.
The solvent and binder of the coating are of conventional variety, and in order to further enhance the bonding effect and prevent the coating from flaking off during isothermal forging, in a preferred embodiment, the solvent is water and/or alcohol; the binder is one or more of acrylic emulsion, phenolic resin and PVB; preferably, the particle size of the solid component in the coating is 200-400 mesh. The binders have better binding effect, and the binders can be matched with solvents to form a coating with more proper viscosity.
As described above, the protective coating provided by the present application is particularly suitable for an isothermal forging process with a longer heating temperature and a longer holding time of a die, and in another exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an isothermal forging method of an alloy, including a step of isothermal forging an alloy forging using an isothermal forging die, and before the isothermal forging, the method further includes: the protective coating disclosed by the application is mixed and ball-milled according to the components, and is coated on the surface of an isothermal forging die after being aged, and the isothermal forging die and an alloy forging piece are heated in a furnace after the coating is dried so as to perform isothermal forging. The coating process can be spraying or brushing on the surface of the isothermal forging die after ageing for 1-3 days. The method can prevent the die from being oxidized in the heating process of longer time and higher temperature, and remarkably prolongs the service life of the die. Meanwhile, the protective coating can also play a role in auxiliary lubrication during isothermal forging, and after the isothermal forging is completed, the coating can still be firmly attached to the surface of the die, and can continuously play a role in protection during the subsequent isothermal forging process, so that the repair coating or repairing cost of the die is reduced. It should be noted that the coating should be stored in a sealed and cool dry place, and will slightly precipitate after long-term storage, and can be used only after even stirring.
In a preferred embodiment, the forging temperature of isothermal forging is 900-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 24-60 hours, and the isothermal forging and the paint protection effect are better. Aiming at the forging temperature and the heat preservation time of different forgings, the application also provides different protective coating component schemes so as to more pointedly carry out die protection, prolong the service life of the die and reduce the costLow maintenance costs. Preferably, the isothermal forging die is made of nickel-based superalloy, the forging temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 24-50 h, and the protective coating consists of 20-30 parts of glass powder A, 5-10 parts of glass powder B and 2-10 parts of TiO 2 5 to 15 parts of MgO, 0 to 5 parts of CaO and 0 to 8 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 0 to 3 parts of albite, 20 to 30 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder; more preferably, the isothermal forging die is a K3 superalloy isothermal forging die or an N3 superalloy isothermal forging die; and/or the isothermal forging die is made of molybdenum-base alloy, the forging temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 48-60 h, and the protective coating consists of 22-29 parts of glass powder A, 5-7 parts of glass powder B and 3-6 parts of TiO 2 8 to 12 parts of MgO, 2 to 4 parts of CaO and 6 to 19 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 2 to 5 parts of albite, 22 to 28 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder; preferably, the isothermal forging die is a TZM alloy isothermal forging die or a TZC alloy isothermal forging die. The alloy forging can be titanium alloy, powder superalloy and the like.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, when the forging temperature is 900 ℃ and the holding time is 50 hours, the isothermal forging die is a K3 superalloy isothermal forging die, and the coating consists of 20-25 parts by weight of glass powder A, 5-8 parts by weight of glass powder B and 2-6 parts by weight of TiO 2 5 to 8 parts of MgO, 3 to 5 parts of CaO and 5 to 8 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 1 to 3 parts of albite, 25 to 30 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder.
In a preferred embodiment, when the forging temperature is 1080 ℃ and the holding time is 24 hours, the isothermal forging die is an N3 superalloy isothermal forging die, and the coating consists of 25-30 parts by weight of glass powder A, 6-10 parts by weight of glass powder B and 8-10 parts by weight of TiO 2 10-15 parts of MgO, 0-3 parts of CaO, 1-3 parts of kaolin, 0-2 parts of albite, 20-25 parts of solvent and 5-10 parts of binder.
In a preferred embodiment, when the forging temperature is 1000 c,when the heat preservation time is 60h, the isothermal forging die is TZM alloy isothermal forging die or TZC alloy isothermal forging die, and the coating consists of 22-29 parts by weight of glass powder A, 5-7 parts by weight of glass powder B and 3-6 parts by weight of TiO 2 8 to 12 parts of MgO, 2 to 4 parts of CaO and 6 to 19 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1 to 3 parts of kaolin, 2 to 5 parts of albite, 22 to 28 parts of solvent and 5 to 10 parts of binder.
The isothermal forging process, the isothermal forging die and the protective coating are better in adaptability, and the protective effect of the coating is more obvious.
In order to obtain the coating with more uniform granularity, in a preferred embodiment, the ball-to-material ratio of ball milling is (2-4) 1, the ball milling rotating speed is 50-60 r/min, and the ball milling time is 10-14 h.
In a preferred embodiment, the coating thickness of the coating is from 0.2 to 0.6mm and the coating quantity is from 0.25 to 0.45kg/m 2 . Therefore, the protection effect of the paint on the equivalent-temperature forging die can be fully exerted, the consumption of the paint is reduced, and the cost is further reduced.
The application is described in further detail below in connection with specific examples which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application as claimed.
Example 1
Heating system of the die: and (3) putting the die into a furnace at room temperature, raising the temperature to 900 ℃ for 5 hours, preserving the heat for 50 hours, and air cooling to room temperature after isothermal forging is completed.
The GB1070-7 protective paint is prepared according to the requirements, and the raw materials are as follows (according to parts by weight): 20 parts of glass powder A, 8 parts of glass powder B and 2 parts of TiO 2 5 parts of MgO, 3 parts of CaO and 8 parts of Cr 2 O 3 3 parts of kaolin, 3 parts of albite, 30 parts of water and 10 parts of acrylic emulsion, the details of which are shown in table 1, wherein the components of glass powder a and glass powder B are shown in table 2. The granularity of the solid components is controlled between 200 and 400 meshes.
The components are weighed according to the proportion and then put into a ball milling tank, ball milling is carried out by a roller test ball mill, the ball-material ratio is 3:1, the ball milling rotating speed is 55 r/min, and the ball milling time is 12h. Pouring out the paint after ball milling, and aging for 2 daysBrushing on the surface of a K3 superalloy isothermal forging die, wherein the coating thickness is 0.4mm, and the coating dosage is 0.35kg/m 2 And (5) heating the coating in a furnace along with the die after the coating is dried.
Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, the non-peeled part can be continuously used in the following isothermal forging heating process, the state photos before heating the coating and the die are shown in figure 1, and the state photos after heating the coating and the die are shown in figure 2.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 only in the protective coating composition, see in detail table 1. Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
Example 3
Heating system of the die: and (3) putting the die into a furnace at room temperature, raising the temperature to 1080 ℃ for 8 hours, preserving the heat for 24 hours, and air cooling to room temperature after isothermal forging is completed.
The GB1100-1 protective paint is prepared according to the requirements, and the raw materials are as follows (in parts by weight): 30 parts of glass powder A, 6 parts of glass powder B and 8 parts of TiO 2 The details of MgO, 3 parts CaO, 3 parts kaolin, 1 part albite, 25 parts water and 8 parts acrylic emulsion are shown in Table 1, wherein the components of glass powder A and glass powder B are the same as in example 1. The granularity of the solid components is controlled between 200 and 400 meshes.
The components are weighed according to the proportion and then put into a ball milling tank, ball milling is carried out by a roller test ball mill, the ball-material ratio is 3:1, the ball milling rotating speed is 55 r/min, and the ball milling time is 12h. Pouring out the paint after ball milling, and after ageing for 2 days, brushing the paint on the surface of an N3 high-temperature alloy isothermal forging die, wherein the coating thickness is 0.4mm, and the paint dosage is 0.35kg/m 2 And (5) heating the coating in a furnace along with the die after the coating is dried.
Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, the non-peeled part can be continuously used in the following isothermal forging heating process, the state photos before heating the coating and the die are shown in fig. 3, and the state photos after heating the coating and the die are shown in fig. 4.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 3 only in the protective coating composition, see in particular table 1. Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
Example 5
Heating system of the die: and (3) putting the die into a furnace at room temperature, raising the temperature to 1000 ℃ for 8 hours, preserving the heat for 60 hours, and air cooling to room temperature after isothermal forging is completed.
The GB1150-3 protective coating is prepared according to the requirements, and the raw materials are as follows (in parts by weight): 29 parts of glass powder A, 5 parts of glass powder B and 3 parts of TiO 2 12 parts of MgO, 4 parts of CaO and 15 parts of Cr 2 O 3 3 parts of kaolin, 2 parts of albite, 28 parts of water and 5 parts of acrylic emulsion are shown in Table 1, wherein the components of glass powder A and glass powder B are the same as in example 1. The granularity of the solid components is controlled between 200 and 400 meshes.
The components are weighed according to the proportion and then put into a ball milling tank, ball milling is carried out by a roller test ball mill, the ball-material ratio is 3:1, the ball milling rotating speed is 55 r/min, and the ball milling time is 12h. Pouring out the coating after ball milling, and after ageing for 2 days, spraying the coating on the surface of a TZM alloy isothermal forging die, wherein the coating thickness is 0.4mm, and the coating dosage is 0.35kg/m 2 And (5) after the coating is dried, feeding the steel piece into a furnace for heating.
Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, the non-peeled part can be continuously used in the following isothermal forging heating process, the state photos before heating the coating and the die are shown in fig. 5, and the state photos after heating the coating and the die are shown in fig. 6.
Example 6
Example 6 differs from example 5 only in the protective coating composition, see in detail table 1. Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
TABLE 1
Example 7
Example 7 differs from example 5 only in that the die is a TZC alloy isothermal forging die, die heating regime: and (3) putting the die into a furnace at room temperature, raising the temperature to 1200 ℃ for 8 hours, preserving the heat for 48 hours, and air cooling to room temperature after isothermal forging is completed. Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
Examples 8 to 10
Examples 8 to 10 differ from example 1 only in the composition of glass frit a and glass frit B, see table 2 in detail. Proved by verification, the coating of each embodiment has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the non-peeled part can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
TABLE 2
Example 11
Example 11 differs from example 1 only in that the coating solvent is methanol and the binder is phenolic resin; ball material ratio in ball milling process is 2:1, ball milling rotating speed is 50 r/min, and ball milling time is 14h. Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
Example 12
Example 12 differs from example 1 only in that the coating solvent is methanol and the binder is PVB; ball material ratio in ball milling process is 4:1, ball milling rotating speed is 60 r/min, and ball milling time is 10h. Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
Example 13
Example 13 differs from example 1 only in that the coating thickness of the coating on the mold surface was 0.2mm and the coating amount was 0.25kg/m 2 . Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
Example 14
Example 14 differs from example 1 only in that the coating thickness of the coating on the mold surface was 0.6mm and the coating amount was 0.45kg/m 2 . Proved by verification, the coating has good protective performance, most of the coating is not peeled off in the process of cooling the die to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished, the integrity of the coating after high temperature can reach more than 90%, and the part which is not peeled off can be continuously used in the subsequent isothermal forging heating process.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 5 only in the protective coating composition, the raw material proportions of which (in parts by weight): glass powder A:32 parts by weight of glass powder B:21 parts by weight、Al 2 O 3 :3 parts by weight of SiO 2 :6 parts by weight of ZrO 2 :0.2 parts of dolomite: 2 parts by weight of kaolin: 5 parts by weight of water: 45 parts by weight of an acrylic emulsion: 2 parts by weight, 2% by weight of an aqueous methylcellulose solution: 10 parts by weight. The glass powder A comprises 60 parts by weight of SiO 2 7 parts of B 2 O 3 3 parts of Na 2 O, 15 parts of CaO and 4 parts of Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Glass frit B comprises 40 parts of SiO 2 30 parts of B 2 O 3 10 parts of Na 2 O, 2 parts of MgO, 4 parts of CaO and 3 parts of Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Glass frit C comprises 30 parts of SiO 2 35 parts of B 2 O 3 20 parts of Na 2 O, 1 part MgO, 12 parts CaO and 2 parts Al 2 O 3 . The granularity of the solid components is controlled between 200 and 400 meshes. Proved by verification, the coating has poor protective performance, and most of the coating peels off in the process that the die is cooled to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 5 only in that the protective coating composition was different in that the raw material proportions (by weight) were 22% glass frit A,15% glass frit B,4% glass frit C,4% Cr 2 O 3 2% of Al 2 O 3 2% of clay, 41% of heat-resistant water-soluble cellulose and the balance of water; the glass powder A is 50 percent of SiO by weight percent 2 17% Al 2 O 3 16% CaO, 13% B 2 O 3 And 4% Na 2 O; glass powder B is 59% SiO 2 9% Al 2 O 3 6% CaO, 2% MgO, 7% BaO, 12% B 2 O 3 And 5% Na 2 O; glass powder C is 32% SiO 2 4% Al 2 O 3 7% CaO, 3% MgO, 36% B 2 O 3 And 18% Na 2 O. Proved by verification, the coating has poor protective performance, and most of the coating peels off in the process that the die is cooled to room temperature after isothermal forging is finished.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects: before the mold is heated, the paint is painted or sprayed on the surface of the mold, and after the paint is dried, the paint is heated along with the mold, so that the service life of the mold can be prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the mold can be reduced. Specifically, the coating can prevent the die from being oxidized in the heating process of longer time and higher temperature, and remarkably prolong the service life of the die. Meanwhile, the protective coating is in a glassy state at a high temperature, so that an auxiliary lubrication effect can be achieved during isothermal forging, and the abrasion of a die and the generation of surface cracks are reduced. After isothermal forging is completed, most of the coating can be firmly attached to the surface of the die, the coating can continuously play a role in protection in the following isothermal forging process, and the accumulated protection duration can reach 60-80 hours, so that the repair cost of the die is reduced
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (14)

1. The coating for protecting the isothermal forging die is characterized by comprising, by weight, 20-30 parts of glass powder A, 5-10 parts of glass powder B and 2-10 parts of TiO 2 0 to 15 parts of MgO, 0 to 5 parts of CaO and 0 to 20 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1-5 parts of kaolin, 0-5 parts of albite, 20-30 parts of solvent and 5-10 parts of binder;
wherein, the glass powder A consists of 30-45 parts by weight of SiO 2 10-15 parts of Al 2 O 3 3-5 parts of B 2 O 3 0-5 parts of K 2 O and 5-10 parts of CaO; the glass powder B consists of 15-30 parts of SiO 2 5-10 parts of Al 2 O 3 15-25 parts of B 2 O 3 10-20 parts of K 2 O, 1-5 parts of MgO and 10-15 parts of CaO;
the forging temperature of the isothermal forging is 900-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24-60 h.
2. The coating according to claim 1, wherein the glass powder A consists of 35-40 parts by weight of SiO 2 12-15 parts of Al 2 O 3 3-5 parts of B 2 O 3 0-3 parts of K 2 O and 5-8 parts of CaO; the glass powder B consists of 15-20 parts of SiO 2 6-8 parts of Al 2 O 3 17-21 parts of B 2 O 3 10-15 parts of K 2 O, 3-5 parts of MgO and 11-13 parts of CaO.
3. The coating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solvent is water and/or an alcohol; the binder is one or more of acrylic emulsion, phenolic resin and PVB.
4. The coating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the solid component in the coating is 200-400 mesh.
5. A method of isothermal forging an alloy comprising the step of isothermal forging an alloy forging using an isothermal forging die, characterized in that prior to said isothermal forging, the method further comprises: the coating for isothermal forging die protection according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is mixed according to components, ball-milled, aged and coated on the surface of the isothermal forging die, and the isothermal forging die and the alloy forging piece are heated in a furnace after the coating is dried so as to perform isothermal forging.
6. The isothermal forging method according to claim 5, wherein the material of the isothermal forging die is nickel-based superalloy, the forging temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the heat preservation time is 24-50 h, and the protective coating is composed of 20-30 parts of glass powder A, 5-10 parts of glass powder B and 2-10 parts of TiO 2 5-15 parts of MgO, 0-5 parts of CaO and 0-8 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1-3 parts of kaolin, 0-3 parts of albite and 20-30 parts of albiteAnd 5-10 parts of the binder.
7. The isothermal forging method according to claim 6, wherein the isothermal forging die is a K3 superalloy isothermal forging die or an N3 superalloy isothermal forging die.
8. The isothermal forging method according to claim 5, wherein the material of the isothermal forging die is a molybdenum-based alloy, the forging temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 48-60 hours, and the protective coating is composed of 22-29 parts of glass powder A, 5-7 parts of glass powder B and 3-6 parts of TiO 2 8-12 parts of MgO, 2-4 parts of CaO and 6-19 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1-3 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of albite, 22-28 parts of solvent and 5-10 parts of binder.
9. The isothermal forging method according to claim 8, wherein the isothermal forging die is a TZM alloy isothermal forging die or a TZC alloy isothermal forging die.
10. The isothermal forging method according to claim 7, wherein when the forging temperature is 900 ℃, the holding time is 50 hours, the isothermal forging die is a K3 superalloy isothermal forging die, and the paint is composed of 20-25 parts by weight of the glass frit A, 5-8 parts by weight of the glass frit B, 2-6 parts by weight of TiO 2 5-8 parts of MgO, 3-5 parts of CaO and 5-8 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1-3 parts of kaolin, 1-3 parts of albite, 25-30 parts of solvent and 5-10 parts of binder.
11. The isothermal forging method according to claim 7, wherein when the forging temperature is 1080 ℃, the holding time is 24 hours, the isothermal forging die is an N3 superalloy isothermal forging die, and the paint is composed of 25 to 30 parts by weight of the glass frit a, 6 to 10 parts by weight of the glass frit aB. 8-10 parts of TiO 2 10-15 parts of MgO, 0-3 parts of CaO, 1-3 parts of kaolin, 0-2 parts of albite, 20-25 parts of solvent and 5-10 parts of binder.
12. The isothermal forging method according to claim 9, wherein when the forging temperature is 1000 ℃, the holding time is 60 hours, the isothermal forging die is a TZM alloy isothermal forging die or a TZC alloy isothermal forging die, and the paint is composed of 22-29 parts by weight of the glass frit a, 5-7 parts by weight of the glass frit B, 3-6 parts by weight of TiO 2 8-12 parts of MgO, 2-4 parts of CaO and 6-19 parts of Cr 2 O 3 1-3 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of albite, 22-28 parts of solvent and 5-10 parts of binder.
13. The isothermal forging method according to claim 5, wherein the ball-milling ball-material ratio is (2-4) 1, the ball-milling rotation speed is 50-60 rpm, and the ball-milling time is 10-14 h.
14. The isothermal forging method according to claim 5, wherein the coating thickness of the coating is 0.2-0.6 mm, and the coating amount is 0.25-0.45 kg/m 2 。
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