CN115605010A - Composite electromagnetic absorption material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite electromagnetic absorption material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003012 network analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OBCUTHMOOONNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentafluoride Chemical compound FP(F)(F)(F)F OBCUTHMOOONNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic absorption materials, and particularly discloses a composite electromagnetic absorption material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite electromagnetic absorption material comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of superfine ferroferric oxide powder, 4-8 parts of iron-nickel alloy, 4-6 parts of aerogel powder and 10-20 parts of carbon material, wherein the carbon material comprises silicon carbide, and the aerogel comprises graphene-doped aerogel. The composite electromagnetic absorption material can be used for electromagnetic shielding fillers, coatings and the like, and has the advantages of uniform wave absorption effect, light weight and good flexibility.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of phosphorus pentafluoride, in particular to a composite electromagnetic absorption material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Electromagnetic waves are oscillatory particle waves capable of transmitting energy and information, serious electromagnetic pollution is caused by the electromagnetic waves generated by human activities at the present stage, and research and development of electromagnetic shielding materials and wave-absorbing materials are increasingly urgent. The application of electromagnetic shielding and wave absorbing materials in military has been popularized, and if a fighter plane wants to avoid the detection of radar, improve the survival probability and successfully complete a task, the fighter plane needs to be coated with the electromagnetic shielding material on the plane body so as to achieve the effect of radar invisibility.
The wave-absorbing material can be divided into dielectric wave-absorbing material and magnetic wave-absorbing material, the dielectric wave-absorbing material comprises carbon material, such as graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber and the like, which have excellent dielectric property; magnetic wave-absorbing materials, such as ferrite, ultrafine metal powder and the like, have excellent magnetism. The magnetic wave-absorbing material and the dielectric wave-absorbing material are widely applied in the field of electromagnetic absorbing materials. Because the dielectric wave-absorbing material has better wave-absorbing effect in a high-frequency band and the magnetic wave-absorbing material has better wave-absorbing effect in a low-frequency band, in order to obtain a material which can effectively absorb waves in both high-frequency and low-frequency bands, the dielectric material and the magnetic material are selected and simply mixed to obtain the composite wave-absorbing material.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor considers that the composite wave-absorbing material is usually a simple mixture of different wave-absorbing materials, and because the compatibility between different wave-absorbing materials is not good and the wave-absorbing materials are easy to agglomerate, the uniformity between the components of the prepared composite material is not good, i.e. the composite wave-absorbing material has the defect of poor wave-absorbing uniformity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the defect that the wave-absorbing uniformity of the composite wave-absorbing material is poor, the application provides a composite electromagnetic absorbing material.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a composite electromagnetic absorption material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a composite electromagnetic absorption material comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of superfine ferroferric oxide powder, 4-8 parts of iron-nickel alloy, 4-6 parts of aerogel powder and 10-20 parts of carbon material, wherein the carbon material comprises silicon carbide, and the aerogel comprises graphene-doped aerogel.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aerogel is added into the electromagnetic absorption material, and the aerogel is of a porous structure, so that firstly, the porous structure can carry out certain load on other components in the electromagnetic absorption material, and the agglomeration of the other components, which is caused by small particles, is broken through, the dispersion uniformity among the components in the electromagnetic absorption material is improved, and the absorption uniformity of the electromagnetic absorption material on electromagnetic waves is improved. Secondly, the aerogel can form the skeleton texture in the electromagnetic absorption material, supports the electromagnetic absorption material to alleviate the weight of electromagnetic material, so that the electromagnetic absorption material is used.
In addition, select in this application for use graphite alkene to dope aerogel and add to electromagnetic absorption material, because graphite alkene has higher electric conductivity, higher dielectric constant, defect and functional group that exist on the surface for graphite alkene has comparatively excellent decay and the ability of absorbing the electromagnetic wave, dope graphite alkene in aerogel, can form hierarchical micro-nano structure, obtain high electric conductivity and ultra-low density, improve electromagnetic absorption material to the multiband, the effectual electromagnetic interference effect of long term, electromagnetic absorption and the interference effect of electromagnetic absorption material have been improved promptly.
Preferably, the carbon-based material further includes any one of carbon nanofibers, silicon carbide fibers, and carbonaceous fibers.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, among this application technical scheme, add carbon nanofiber, carborundum fibre or carbonaceous fibre in the electromagnetic absorption material, at first, fibrous structure can alternate with the pore structure in the aerogel and combine, further improves the combination homogeneity between each component in the electromagnetic absorption material. And secondly, the fiber structure can also assist in breaking the agglomeration among the components in the electromagnetic absorption material, and the dispersion uniformity among the components in the electromagnetic absorption material is improved. And thirdly, the fiber structures can be mutually entangled in the electromagnetic absorption material to construct a skeleton structure, so that the strength of the electromagnetic absorption material is improved, irregular shapes and pores are formed in the electromagnetic absorption material, and the electromagnetic absorption effect of the electromagnetic absorption material is improved. In addition, the carbon nanofiber, the silicon carbide fiber or the carbon fiber has excellent electromagnetic absorption and electromagnetic interference effects, so that the wave absorption performance and the brittleness of the electromagnetic absorption material can be improved.
Preferably, the preparation of the carbonaceous fiber comprises the following steps: soaking retinervus melo in alkali solution, etching, washing with water, soaking in hydrogen peroxide, washing with water, and drying to obtain intermediate fiber; and (3) soaking the intermediate fiber in a metal salt solution, padding, drying and carbonizing to obtain the carbonaceous fiber.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, preferentially adopt the towel gourd to iron as carbon fiber's substrate among the technical scheme of this application, the carbon fiber who prepares has special hollow structure, through the flooding of metal salt solution for fill dielectric material in the towel gourd irons, improved carbon fiber's absorption effect to the electromagnetic wave, compare with other carbon fiber, special hollow structure and the three-dimensional network structure of towel gourd iron base carbon material mutually support with dielectric material, the loss of electromagnetic wave in the electromagnetic absorption material is accelerated, carbon fiber's electromagnetic absorption effect is improved.
Preferably, the content of graphene in the graphene-doped aerogel is 2-7%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the content of the graphene in the graphene doped aerogel is optimized in the technical scheme, and the specific surface area of the graphene lamellar structure is larger than that of the carbon aerogel nano network, so that the proper graphene doping amount is increased, and the electromagnetic absorption and interference effects of the aerogel are improved while the specific surface area of the aerogel is maintained.
Preferably, the aerogel further comprises a magnetically functionalized aerogel, and the preparation of the magnetically functionalized aerogel comprises the following steps: respectively taking 1-2 parts of graphene oxide, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 160 parts of water, 1-2 parts of iron acetylacetonate and 10 parts of ascorbic acid, mixing the graphene oxide and the polyvinyl alcohol with 1/4 of water, performing ultrasonic dispersion, mixing the graphene mixed solution with the rest 3/4 of water, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a metal mixed solution, stirring and mixing the graphene mixed solution and the metal mixed solution, heating, washing, freeze-drying and calcining to obtain the magnetic functional aerogel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, magnetic functional aerogel has been prepared through self-assembly and normal position pyrolysis in this application technical scheme, superfine ferroferric oxide powder is anchored to the aerogel in, unique three-dimensional porous structure has been formed, through unique three-dimensional porous structure, interface polarization, dipole polarization, natural resonance, the synergistic effect of exchange resonance and different loss mechanisms, the absorption effect of magnetic functional aerogel to the electromagnetic wave has effectively been improved, consequently add magnetic functional aerogel in the aerogel, can effectively improve electromagnetic absorption material's the effect of inhaling the ripples.
Preferably, the iron-nickel alloy is subjected to polylactic acid dispersion treatment.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polylactic acid can be wrapped outside the iron-nickel alloy to form an island-shaped structure, so that the eddy current effect among iron-nickel alloy particles is effectively reduced, namely, the dispersion uniformity among the iron-nickel alloy particles is improved, and the formed isolation eddy current is beneficial to improving the saturation magnetization and wave absorbing effect of the iron-nickel alloy; in addition, the sea-island structure can increase the electromagnetic wave entering channel for the electromagnetic absorption material, enhance the refraction and absorption of the electromagnetic absorption material, promote the microwave attenuation, reduce the magnetic loss and effectively improve the wave absorption effect of the electromagnetic absorption material.
Preferably, the aerogel is modified by a modifier, and the modifier comprises silk fibroin and sericin.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, silk fibroin adds back to the aerogel, because the electrostatic repulsion effect between silk fibroin and the graphite alkene, can reduce piling up of graphite alkene, improves the volume of aerogel, reduces the density of aerogel to improve the compliance of aerogel, reduced the brittleness and the rigidity of aerogel promptly, improved the application environment of aerogel. And sericin adds partial adsorption effect for the aerogel, so that the aerogel can adsorb other components in the electromagnetic absorption material more easily, and the dispersion uniformity of each component in the electromagnetic absorption material is accelerated.
Preferably, the modifier further comprises silica.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt silica to carry out modification treatment to the aerogel, can play the ball effect outside the aerogel, improve the dispersion homogeneity of aerogel in the electromagnetic absorption material to through the addition of silica, can increase the route that the electromagnetic wave got into in the electromagnetic absorption material, improved the microwave absorbing effect of electromagnetic absorption material promptly.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a composite electromagnetic absorption material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a composite electromagnetic absorption material comprises the following steps: the aerogel, the superfine ferroferric oxide powder and the iron-nickel alloy are stirred and mixed in advance to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is mixed with a carbon material to obtain the composite electromagnetic absorption material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the loading effect of the aerogel on the superfine ferroferric oxide and the iron-nickel alloy is improved by using the aerogel, the superfine ferroferric oxide powder and the iron-nickel alloy in advance, and the aerogel is mixed in batches, so that the dispersion uniformity among all components in the electromagnetic absorption material can be further improved.
In a third aspect, the application of the composite electromagnetic absorption material provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
the application of the composite electromagnetic absorption material is to apply the composite electromagnetic absorption material to an electromagnetic absorption filling material or an electromagnetic absorption coating.
By adopting the technical scheme, the electromagnetic absorption material is applied to the filling material, and has the advantages of light weight, large volume, small density, excellent filling effect and excellent wave absorption performance. The electromagnetic absorption material is applied to the electromagnetic absorption coating, and due to the addition of the aerogel, the suspension dispersibility of the electromagnetic absorption material in the coating can be improved, namely the electromagnetic absorption coating which is uniformly distributed is formed.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the electromagnetic absorption material, the aerogel is added into the electromagnetic absorption material, and the rest components in the electromagnetic absorption material can be loaded to a certain extent through the porous structure of the aerogel, so that the agglomeration of the rest components due to small particles is broken through to form a skeleton structure, the electromagnetic absorption material is supported, and the wave absorption uniformity and the application performance of the electromagnetic absorption material are improved; and secondly, the graphene is doped with aerogel to form a hierarchical micro-nano structure, so that electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic absorption which are high in conductivity, low in density, multi-band and effective for a long time are formed, and the wave absorbing performance of the electromagnetic absorption material is stably improved.
2. The application preferably adopts the method that a fiber structure is added in the electromagnetic absorption material, and the fiber structure can be interpenetrated and combined with a pore structure in the aerogel; the agglomeration among all components in the electromagnetic absorption material is broken through in an auxiliary way; intertwining each other to construct a skeleton structure, improving the strength of the electromagnetic absorption material, forming irregular shapes and pores, and improving the retention effect of the electromagnetic absorption material on electromagnetic waves, so that the composite electromagnetic absorption material obtains excellent wave absorption uniformity and strength.
3. Preferentially adopt the modifier to carry out modification treatment to electromagnetic absorption material in this application, silk fibroin adds back to the aerogel, because the electrostatic repulsion effect between silk fibroin and the graphite alkene, can reduce the piling up of graphite alkene, has reduced the brittleness and the rigidity of aerogel, improves the application environment of aerogel. And sericin adds partial adsorption effect for the aerogel, so that the aerogel can adsorb other components in the electromagnetic absorption material more easily, and the dispersion uniformity of each component in the electromagnetic absorption material is accelerated.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Preparation example
Preparation of carbonaceous fiber
Preparation example 1
Soaking retinervus Luffae fructus in 10mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, etching at 80 deg.C for 10 hr, taking out retinervus Luffae fructus, baking, washing with water, soaking in 30% hydrogen peroxide solution for 12 hr, washing with water, and drying to obtain intermediate fiber. Preparing 2mol/L ferric chloride solution, adding 10g of glucose as a reducing agent, sealing and standing for 24 hours to obtain metal salt solution, soaking the intermediate fiber in the metal salt solution, carrying out padding treatment, carrying out three-soaking and three-rolling, carrying out 400% of rolling residual rate, drying at 80 ℃, and carbonizing at 700 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the carbonaceous fiber.
Preparation example of graphene-doped aerogel
Preparation example 2
Respectively taking 550g of resorcinol, 900g of formaldehyde and 10g of graphene oxide, wherein the specific mass is shown in table 1, stirring and mixing the resorcinol, the formaldehyde and the graphene oxide, taking 5g of sodium carbonate as a catalyst, taking water as a solvent, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, performing sol-gel reaction to obtain organic wet gel, dispersing 100g of graphene oxide slurry into an aqueous solution, adding 05g of ascorbic acid as a catalyst, performing gelation reaction to obtain graphene gel, soaking the organic wet gel and the graphene gel in ethanol, performing supercritical drying by using carbon dioxide to obtain organic aerogel and graphene aerogel, taking 98g of organic aerogel and 2g of graphene aerogel, and carbonizing at 1000 ℃ for 4 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain graphene doped aerogel 1.
Preparation example 3
The difference from preparation example 2 is that: and taking 95g of organic aerogel and 5g of graphene aerogel to prepare the graphene doped aerogel 2.
Preparation example 4
The difference from preparation example 2 is that: and taking 93g of organic aerogel and 7g of graphene aerogel to prepare graphene doped aerogel 3.
Examples of preparation of magnetically functionalized aerogels
Preparation examples 5 to 7
Respectively taking graphene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, water, iron acetylacetonate and ascorbic acid, wherein the specific mass is shown in Table 1, mixing the graphene oxide and the polyvinyl alcohol with 1/4 of water, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a graphene mixed solution, mixing the ascorbic acid, the iron acetylacetonate and the rest 3/4 of the water, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a metal mixed solution, stirring and mixing the graphene mixed solution and the metal mixed solution to obtain an intermediate, heating the intermediate at 180 ℃ for 12 hours, washing, freeze-drying the intermediate for 24h, and calcining the intermediate for 3 hours at 600 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to obtain the magnetic functional aerogel 1-3.
TABLE 1 preparation examples 5-7 compositions of magnetically functionalized aerogels
| Weight/g | Preparation example 5 | Preparation example 6 | Preparation example 7 |
| Graphene oxide | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Polyvinyl alcohol | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Water (W) | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 |
| Iron acetylacetonate | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Ascorbic acid | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Preparation example 8
The difference from preparation example 5 is that: 20g of carbonaceous fibers were added to the intermediate to prepare a magnetically functionalized aerogel 4.
It should be noted that, in the graphene gel, any one of silicon carbide fibers and carbon nanofibers may be added in an equal mass.
Preparation example 9
Preparation example of aerogel
The difference from preparation example 2 is that: and adding 20g of carbon nanofibers into the graphene gel to prepare the graphene-doped aerogel 4.
It should be noted that, to the graphene gel, silicon carbide fibers or carbonaceous fibers of equal mass may be added.
Preparation example 10
Respectively taking 50g of graphene doped aerogel 1 and 50g of magnetic functionalized aerogel 1, and stirring and mixing to obtain aerogel 1.
Preparation examples 12 to 14
The difference from preparation example 10 is that: aerogel 2-4 was prepared using magnetically functionalized aerogel 2-4 in place of aerogel 1 from preparation example 10.
Preparation example 15
The difference from preparation example 10 is that: respectively taking 50g of graphene-doped aerogel 4 and 50g of magnetically functionalized aerogel 1, and stirring and mixing to obtain aerogel 5.
Examples of preparation of modifier
Preparation example 16
50g of silk fibroin and 10g of sericin are taken, stirred and mixed to obtain the modifier 1.
Preparation example 17
Taking 50g of silk fibroin, 10g of sericin and 20g of ethyl orthosilicate, stirring and mixing to obtain the modifier 2.
Modified aerogel
Preparation example 16
The difference from preparation example 2 is that: and adding 20g of modifier 1 into the graphene gel to prepare the graphene-doped aerogel, thus obtaining the modified aerogel 1.
Preparation example 17
The difference from preparation example 5 is that: adding 20g of modifier 1 into the intermediate to prepare magnetic functionalized aerogel, and mixing 50g of magnetic functionalized aerogel with 50g of graphene-doped aerogel prepared in preparation example 16 to obtain modified aerogel 2.
Preparation example 18
The difference from preparation 16 is that: modified aerogel 3 was prepared using modifier 2 instead of the modifier in preparation example 16.
Preparation example 19
The difference from preparation 17 is that: modified aerogel 4 was prepared using modifier 2 instead of the modifier in preparation example 17.
Preparation example 20
And (3) ball-milling and mixing 10g of iron-nickel alloy and 10g of polylactic acid for 3.5h, heating and extruding at 120 ℃, cooling at 40 ℃, and crushing to obtain the iron-nickel alloy subjected to dispersion treatment.
Examples
Example 1
In a first aspect, the present application provides a composite electromagnetic absorption material comprising: the specific mass of the material is shown in table 2, wherein the carbon material is silicon carbide, and the aerogel is graphene doped aerogel 1.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a composite electromagnetic absorption material, comprising the following steps: the aerogel, the superfine ferroferric oxide powder and the iron-nickel alloy are stirred and mixed in advance to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is mixed with a carbon material to obtain the composite electromagnetic absorption material.
In a third aspect, the application provides an application of a composite electromagnetic absorption material, the composite electromagnetic absorption material is dispersed into an epoxy resin coating, and the content of the composite electromagnetic absorption material is 10%, so as to prepare the coating.
Table 2 examples 1-3 composite electromagnetic absorber compositions
| Weight/g | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Superfine ferroferric oxide powder | 50 | 80 | 100 |
| Iron-nickel alloy | 40 | 60 | 80 |
| Aerogel powder | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| Carbon-based material | 100 | 150 | 200 |
Examples 4 to 6
The difference from example 1 is that: and 2-4 parts of graphene-doped aerogel is adopted to replace the graphene-doped aerogel 1 in the embodiment 1, so that the composite electromagnetic absorption material is prepared.
Examples 7 to 11
The difference from example 1 is that: aerogel 1-5 is adopted to replace graphene doped aerogel 1 in example 1, and a composite electromagnetic absorption material is prepared.
Example 12
The difference from example 1 is that: the carbon-based material also comprises carbonaceous fibers, and the mass ratio of the carbonaceous fibers to the silicon carbide is 1.
Examples 13 to 16
The difference from example 1 is that: the modified aerogel 1-4 is used to replace the graphene doped aerogel 1 in example 1 to prepare the composite electromagnetic absorption material.
Example 17
The difference from example 1 is that: a composite electromagnetic absorbing material was prepared using the iron-nickel alloy subjected to dispersion treatment instead of the iron-nickel alloy in example 1.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, the composite electromagnetic absorbing material was prepared without adding aerogel.
Performance test
(1) And (3) detecting the wave absorbing performance: the ZNB20 type vector network analysis measuring instrument is adopted to detect the wave absorbing performance of the composite electromagnetic absorption materials in the embodiments 1-17 and the comparative example 1, and the minimum reflection loss and the effective bandwidth of the composite electromagnetic absorption material are recorded and calculated.
(2) And (3) detecting the dispersion performance: the coatings prepared in examples 1-17 and comparative example 1 were observed, and the time at which the composite electromagnetic absorbing material in the coating layer settled was recorded.
TABLE 3 detection of Properties of endothermic materials of examples 1 to 17 and comparative example 1
The comparison of the performance tests in combination with table 3 can find that:
(1) Combining examples 1-3 and comparative example 1, it can be found that: the minimum reflection loss and the effective bandwidth of the composite electromagnetic absorption material prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 are improved, which indicates that the aerogel is added to the composite electromagnetic absorption material in the present application, and the aerogel has a porous structure, so that the aerogel can load other components, break through the aggregation between the other components, improve the dispersion uniformity of each component, and form a skeleton structure, thereby supporting the electromagnetic absorption material and reducing the mass of the electromagnetic absorption material.
(2) A comparison of examples 4 to 6 with example 1 shows that: the minimum reflection loss and the effective bandwidth of the composite electromagnetic absorption material prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 are improved, which indicates that the graphene doped aerogel is added to the electromagnetic absorption material in the present application, because of the higher conductivity, the higher dielectric constant, and the defects and functional groups existing on the surface of the graphene, the graphene has excellent ability of attenuating and absorbing electromagnetic waves, and is doped in the aerogel to form a hierarchical micro-nano structure, so as to obtain high conductivity and ultralow density, improve the electromagnetic interference effect of the electromagnetic absorption material on multiband and long-term effective electromagnetic interference, that is, improve the electromagnetic absorption and interference effects of the electromagnetic absorption material.
(3) A comparison of examples 7 to 9 with example 1 shows that: the minimum reflection loss and the effective bandwidth of the composite electromagnetic absorption material prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 are improved, which indicates that the magnetic functional aerogel is added to the electromagnetic absorption material in the present application, the magnetic functional aerogel is prepared by self-assembly and in-situ pyrolysis, the ultrafine ferroferric oxide powder is anchored to the aerogel, a unique three-dimensional porous structure is formed, and the absorption effect of the magnetic functional aerogel on electromagnetic waves is effectively improved through the synergistic effects of the unique three-dimensional porous structure, interface polarization, dipole polarization, natural resonance, exchange resonance and different loss mechanisms, so that the wave absorption effect of the electromagnetic absorption material can be effectively improved.
(4) By combining examples 10-11, example 12 and example 1, it can be found that: the minimum reflection loss and the effective bandwidth of the composite electromagnetic absorption material prepared in the embodiments 1-3 are all improved, which shows that the fiber structure is added in the preparation process of the aerogel in the application, the fiber structure can form a micro-nano structure in the aerogel, the drawing effect is achieved, the electromagnetic wave passing path in the aerogel is increased, and the wave absorbing effect of the aerogel is improved. A fiber structure is added in the electromagnetic absorption material, and the fiber structure can be combined with the pore structure in the aerogel in an inserting way; the agglomeration among all components in the electromagnetic absorption material is broken through in an auxiliary way; intertwining each other to construct a skeleton structure, improving the strength of the electromagnetic absorption material, forming irregular shapes and pores, and improving the retention effect of the electromagnetic absorption material on electromagnetic waves, so that the composite electromagnetic absorption material obtains excellent wave-absorbing uniformity and strength.
(5) By combining examples 13-16, example 17 and example 1, it can be found that: the minimum reflection loss and the effective bandwidth of the composite electromagnetic absorption material prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 are improved, which indicates that silk fibroin, sericin, and silica are adopted to modify the aerogel in the present application, and the electrostatic repulsion action is used to enhance the dispersion uniformity among the components in the aerogel, and the electrostatic repulsion action still exists among the aerogels, thereby further promoting the dispersion uniformity among the components in the electromagnetic absorption material, and effectively improving the wave-absorbing uniformity of the electromagnetic absorption material. And the polylactic acid is used for carrying out dispersion treatment on the iron-nickel alloy, and the eddy current is isolated through the sea-island structure, so that the refraction absorption and microwave attenuation of the electromagnetic absorption material are enhanced, and the dielectric loss is reduced.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The composite electromagnetic absorption material is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of superfine ferroferric oxide powder, 4-8 parts of iron-nickel alloy, 4-6 parts of aerogel powder and 10-20 parts of carbon material, wherein the carbon material comprises silicon carbide, and the aerogel comprises graphene-doped aerogel.
2. A composite electromagnetic absorber material according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon-based material further includes any one of carbon nanofibers, silicon carbide fibers, and carbonaceous fibers.
3. A composite electromagnetic absorber material according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation of the carbonaceous fiber comprises the following steps: soaking retinervus melo in alkali solution, etching, washing with water, soaking in hydrogen peroxide, washing with water, and drying to obtain intermediate fiber; and (3) soaking the intermediate fiber in a metal salt solution, padding, drying and carbonizing to obtain the carbon fiber.
4. The composite electromagnetic absorption material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the graphene-doped aerogel contains 2-7% graphene.
5. A composite electromagnetic absorber material according to claim 1, wherein: the aerogel also comprises magnetic functionalized aerogel, and the preparation of the magnetic functionalized aerogel comprises the following steps: respectively taking 1-2 parts of graphene oxide, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 160 parts of water, 1-2 parts of iron acetylacetonate and 10 parts of ascorbic acid, mixing the graphene oxide and the polyvinyl alcohol with 1/4 of the water, performing ultrasonic dispersion, mixing the graphene mixed solution, mixing the ascorbic acid, the iron acetylacetonate and the rest 3/4 of the water, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a metal mixed solution, stirring and mixing the graphene mixed solution and the metal mixed solution, heating, washing, freeze-drying and calcining to obtain the magnetic functional aerogel.
6. The composite electromagnetic absorber material of claim 5, wherein: the iron-nickel alloy is subjected to polylactic acid dispersion treatment.
7. The composite electromagnetic absorber material of claim 6, wherein: the aerogel is modified by a modifier, and the modifier comprises silk fibroin and sericin.
8. The composite electromagnetic absorber material of claim 7, wherein: the modifier also includes silica.
9. A method for preparing a composite electromagnetic absorber material according to any of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of: the aerogel, the superfine ferroferric oxide powder and the iron-nickel alloy are stirred and mixed in advance to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is mixed with a carbon material to obtain the composite electromagnetic absorption material.
10. Use of a composite electromagnetic absorber material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: and applying the composite electromagnetic absorption material to an electromagnetic absorption filling material or an electromagnetic absorption coating.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116082050A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-09 | 航天科工武汉磁电有限责任公司 | Preparation method of fiber-reinforced polysaccharide carbon aerogel material and application of fiber-reinforced polysaccharide carbon aerogel material in wave-absorbing/sound-absorbing composite material |
| CN117979674A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-03 | 洛阳理工学院 | Wave-absorbing aerogel material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in PMI wave-absorbing foam preparation |
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- 2022-09-27 CN CN202211185969.1A patent/CN115605010A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116082050A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-09 | 航天科工武汉磁电有限责任公司 | Preparation method of fiber-reinforced polysaccharide carbon aerogel material and application of fiber-reinforced polysaccharide carbon aerogel material in wave-absorbing/sound-absorbing composite material |
| CN116082050B (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-03-19 | 航天科工武汉磁电有限责任公司 | Preparation method of fiber-reinforced polysaccharide carbon aerogel material and application of fiber-reinforced polysaccharide carbon aerogel material in wave-absorbing/sound-absorbing composite material |
| CN117979674A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-03 | 洛阳理工学院 | Wave-absorbing aerogel material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in PMI wave-absorbing foam preparation |
| CN117979674B (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-06-11 | 洛阳理工学院 | Wave-absorbing aerogel material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in PMI wave-absorbing foam preparation |
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