CN115595336B - Method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation acid production of sludge and application - Google Patents
Method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation acid production of sludge and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
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- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/52—Propionic acid; Butyric acids
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/54—Acetic acid
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for strengthening anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of sludge treatment, and specifically comprising the following steps: when anaerobic fermentation is carried out on sludge by utilizing an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, after a dynamic membrane is formed and stabilized, PE carrier is added into the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor. The PE carrier coupling dynamic membrane separation has a synergistic effect, is beneficial to increasing the yield of SCFAs, can effectively relieve the pollution of the dynamic membrane, and reduces the frequency of cleaning or replacing the membrane component. In addition, the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor device used in the invention is simple and easy, the occupied area is small, the cost of the dynamic membrane supporting material and the PE carrier is low, and the operability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sludge treatment, in particular to a method for producing acid by anaerobic fermentation of reinforced sludge by using an AnDMBR coupled PE carrier.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the modern construction level of China, the sewage treatment scale is increased, and the output number of the byproduct surplus sludge is quite considerable. Anaerobic fermentation is one of the core technologies of sludge reduction, harmless and recycling at present, and short-chain fatty acids (Short chain fatty acids, SCFAs) are products in the initial stage of anaerobic fermentation acid production, mainly comprise acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid and the like, and have high added value and wide practical application. The method for producing SCFAs by anaerobic fermentation of excess sludge has the advantages of short reaction time, low energy consumption, low operation cost, high product value and the like.
In the prior art, conventional anaerobic treatment techniques generally require a longer sludge residence time to ensure the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, and thus the reactor volume is large; in addition, an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (Anaerobic membrane bioreactor, anMBR) adopting microfiltration or ultrafiltration membranes can realize the separation of sludge retention time and hydraulic retention time, but the AnMBR has the defects of low flux, high capital and running cost, fast membrane pollution, high energy consumption for membrane cleaning and the like, so that the anaerobic membrane bioreactor is not convenient for large-scale popularization and use; the prior art also comprises an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, anDMBR) which uses cheap coarse pore materials as support, and a biological filter cake layer (dynamic membrane) formed in situ on the support materials by sludge can replace the traditional micro-filtration/ultrafiltration membrane to realize the effect of solid-liquid separation, so that the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor has the advantages of low cost, high flux, easy control of dirt, low energy consumption, and capability of solving the problems of high AnMBR cost, quick membrane pollution and the like. However, anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge by using AnDMBR are still in the primary stage, and even though membrane pollution is controlled by adsorption, flocculation, strengthening of a dynamic membrane by using microparticles and other methods in the prior art, the anaerobic fermentation performance cannot be strengthened while the membrane pollution is effectively controlled, so that the anaerobic fermentation method cannot be used in actual sludge treatment.
Therefore, how to improve the acid production efficiency while reducing the pollution of the AnDMBR membrane has led to a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a method for strengthening anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge is characterized in that when anaerobic fermentation is carried out on sludge by utilizing an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, a PE carrier is added into the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor after a dynamic membrane is formed and stabilized.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding the sludge into an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, and filling nitrogen for anaerobic fermentation;
(2) After the fermentation system is stable, placing dynamic membrane components on two sides of a baffle for solid-liquid separation, and draining water by utilizing water head difference gravity until the turbidity of the water is less than 2NTU;
(3) And adding PE carrier into the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, and continuing anaerobic fermentation.
The beneficial effects are that: the method provided by the invention can form a stable biological film structure, increase the biological residence time and biomass, reduce the volume of the reactor and increase the acid yield.
Preferably, the membrane substrate of the dynamic membrane module comprises any one of non-woven fabric, nylon net, polyester and silk net.
Preferably, the pore size of the membrane substrate is 20 to 100 μm.
The beneficial effects are that: the pore diameter of the membrane substrate with the diameter of 20-100 mu m used in the invention can effectively slow down the growth rate of the transmembrane pressure difference, and meanwhile, the effective interception of microorganisms is realized, and the acid production efficiency of the residual sludge fermentation system is enhanced. If the aperture is too large, the dynamic membrane is long in forming time, the turbidity of the discharged water is high, and the interception effect is poor; the flux of the membrane with too small aperture is lower, and the delay time of discharging is prolonged.
More preferably, the dynamic membrane has high strength, high chemical stability, low cost and strong adhesion performance, and is beneficial to the stable operation of a fermentation system.
Preferably, the water outlet head of the dynamic membrane component is 2.5-5 cm.
The beneficial effects are that: the water head difference of 2.5-5 cm is selected in the invention, which is favorable for rapid formation of the dynamic membrane and adhesion of sludge micelle on the surface of the dynamic membrane substrate. If the pressure difference of the membrane crossing of the dynamic membrane is higher than 5cm, membrane pollution is caused, and if the pressure difference of the membrane crossing of the dynamic membrane is lower than 2.5cm, rapid formation of the dynamic membrane is not facilitated.
Preferably, the PE carrier has a diameter of 10+ -0.1 mm and a relative density of 0.96+ -0.1 g/cm 3 Specific surface area of 350m 2 /m 3 The void ratio is 85-95%.
The beneficial effects are that: the PE carrier has the characteristics of high specific surface area, durability, high porosity and the like, has moderate density, is easy to suspend, can fix microorganisms, and protects the microorganisms from being washed by the outside.
Preferably, the ratio of the stacking volume of the PE carrier to the working volume of the reactor is (10-20): 100.
the beneficial effects are that: in the invention, 10-20% of PE carrier is used to obviously promote the release of organic matters in sludge in the initial stage of fermentation, so that more hydrolysis products are produced, and the hydrolysis products can be decomposed and utilized by acid-producing microorganisms to produce SCFAs. If the PE carrier is added in an amount exceeding 20%, the PE carrier has no great effect on the improvement of the hydrolysis product.
The application of the method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge in municipal sludge anaerobic fermentation and acid production is provided.
The invention discloses a method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge and application thereof. Firstly, the PE carrier coupling dynamic membrane separation has a synergistic effect, and the metabolic function abundance of amino acid and carbohydrate is greatly improved by changing the structure and abundance of different functional bacterial groups, so that the increase of the yield of SCFAs is facilitated. Secondly, the PE carrier is coupled by changing the adding amount of the PE carrier and assisting in adjusting the stirring intensity, so that the dynamic membrane pollution can be effectively relieved, and the frequency of cleaning or replacing the membrane component is reduced. In addition, the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor device used in the invention is simple and easy, the occupied area is small, the cost of the dynamic membrane supporting material and the PE carrier is low, and the operability is strong.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing the structure of an anaerobic dynamic membrane fermentation bioreactor in example 2;
wherein 1 is a mud inlet; 2 is a mud discharging port; 3 is a dynamic membrane module; 4 is a stirring rod; 5 is a pump; 6 is a flowmeter; 7 is PE carrier; 8 is a motor; 9 is an air bag; 10 is a baffle; 11 is a water outlet pipe;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the anaerobic dynamic membrane fermentation bioreactor in example 2;
wherein 1 is a mud inlet; 2 is a mud discharging port; 3 is a dynamic membrane module; 4 is a stirring rod; 5 is a pump; 6 is a flowmeter; 7 is PE carrier; 11 is a water outlet pipe; 12 is a lid.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The sludge used in the following examples of the invention is surplus sludge of Yongfeng sewage treatment plants of Beijing-Bihai environmental science and technology Co., ltd;
the PE carrier has a diameter of 10mm and a relative density of 0.96g/cm 3 Specific surface area of 350m 2 /m 3 The void fraction was 90%.
Example 1
A method for producing acid by coupling an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor with a PE carrier to strengthen anaerobic sludge fermentation comprises the following steps:
1. determining the optimal addition amount of the PE carrier, comprising the following steps:
the addition gradient of the PE carrier is respectively 10%, 20% and 30% of the working volume of the conical flask, and two conical flasks are arranged under the same condition. 405mL of diluted sludge and 45mL of mixed liquor of inoculated sludge are respectively added into 3 conical flasks, and then 3 gradient PE carriers are respectively added. Nitrogen was purged for 5min to remove dissolved oxygen, pH in the fermentation system was adjusted to 9 using 4mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, anaerobic fermentation was maintained, and the carbohydrate, protein and SCFAs content in the system was detected while peaks were recorded.
The results show that when the PE carrier addition amount exceeds 20%, the PE carrier addition amount has no great effect on the improvement of the hydrolysis product. Wherein the peak value of the carbohydrate is about 130mg/L (PE dosage is 10%), 190mg/L (PE dosage is 20%) and 180mg/L (PE dosage is 30%), respectively. The peak values of the protein are about 477.92 + -4.55 mg/L (PE dosage 10%), 612.37 + -7.28 mg/L (PE dosage 20%) and 564.77 + -1.82 mg/L (PE dosage 30%). From the point of acid production and accumulation efficacy, the peak values of the total SCFAs are about 1529.64 +/-7.39 mg/L (PE dosage is 10%), 1657.07 +/-9.14 mg/L (PE dosage is 20%) and 1693.32 +/-14.07 mg/L (PE dosage is 30%). Based on the promotion effect on the sludge dissolution and hydrolysis process and considering the process economy, the PE addition amount of 10-20% is a better condition for promoting the acid production effect of the sludge alkaline fermentation. Therefore, the stacking volume of PE carrier is determined to be 10-20% of the working volume of the reactor.
Example 2
The method for strengthening sludge anaerobic fermentation and acid production by coupling PE carriers by using an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor adopts the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor shown in figures 1 and 2 to treat sludge, wherein a stirring device is arranged in a fermentation zone of the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, a vertical baffle is arranged in a membrane separation zone, two dynamic membrane components can be placed on two sides of the baffle, and the effective volume of the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor is 5L. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) 5000mL of sludge is added into an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, wherein the solid content in the sludge is 14g/L, the VS amount of the hot alkali pretreatment sludge is that the VS amount of the inoculated sludge is=9:1, and then the anaerobic fermentation is carried out after filling nitrogen into the reactor for 30min, covering a cover and sealing;
wherein, the steps of the hot alkali pretreatment are as follows:
diluting the dehydrated surplus sludge taken out of the refrigerator, diluting the diluted sludge to 12-14 g VS/L according to the ratio of deionized water to the surplus sludge of 1:5, then adjusting the pH value of the diluted sludge to 9 by using 4mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and heating the diluted sludge in a water bath at 90 ℃ for 60min.
The inoculated sludge is taken from an anaerobic fermentation reactor which runs in a laboratory for a long time, and the VS is 12.1+/-2.1 g/L;
(2) During fermentation, stirring power was supplied by stirring devices 4 and 8, and stirring rate was set at 160rpm for continuous stirring. Fermentation system is steadyAfter one SRT (12 d) is fixedly operated, dynamic membrane modules 3 are placed at two sides of a baffle 10 of a membrane separation zone for solid-liquid separation, and a water outlet pipe is connected with the dynamic membrane modules. Wherein the dynamic membrane component 3 adopts a non-woven fabric component, the aperture is 50 μm, and the effective filtering area is 0.59m 2 The supporting structure is cuboid, and the supporting structure material is PVC. The stable operation of the fermentation system is maintained by the mud entering and exiting from the mud inlet 1 and the mud outlet 2 every day. The membrane effluent is discharged by utilizing the gravity of a water head difference, the water head difference is set to be 2.5cm, and the effluent turbidity is less than 2NTU, which is a sign formed by an anaerobic dynamic membrane;
(3) After the anaerobic dynamic membrane is formed, PE carrier 7 is added into the reactor, wherein the adding amount of the PE carrier is 20% of the effective volume of the reactor.
During the operation of the reactor, the membrane flux gradually decreases in the steps (1) and (2), the membrane module is not replaced and cleaned after the PE carrier is added in the step (3), and the membrane flux is firstly increased to about 15L/m 2 And/h, then reducing to 7.5-8L/m 2 And/h, and the dynamic membrane component is kept for about 40 days without obvious blocking phenomenon. Therefore, the PE carrier is added in the invention, so that the decline of the membrane flux can be effectively delayed, and the frequency of replacing the dynamic membrane component is reduced. In the operation after the PE carrier and the dynamic membrane component are coupled, the concentration of SCFAs in the reactor is 3500mg/L at most, which is twice of that of the PE carrier strengthening acid production process. Analysis of the differences in relative abundance of microorganisms at the genus level revealed that the relative abundance of three genera (related to protein and carbohydrate conversion) belonging to the class Clostridia of the Firmic phylum Christensenenlace-R-7_group, proteiniclicarum and Proteoplaella increased. The coupling effect of the PE carrier and the dynamic membrane component is improved by changing the structure and abundance of different functional bacterial groups, so that the accumulation of SCFAs is promoted effectively.
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, the method for enhancing anaerobic sludge fermentation to produce acid by using the dynamic membrane bioreactor is as follows:
the other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1 without the addition of PE carrier.
The results showed 130mg/L peak for soluble carbohydrates, 472.14 + -5.46 mg/L peak for soluble proteins, 1462.76 + -29.83 mg/L peak for total SCFAs. All three indexes are lower than the values when the addition amount of the PE carrier in the example 1 is 10%, 20% and 30%. The comparison shows that the addition amount of 20% PE increases the concentration of SCFAs by 1.16 times compared with the group without PE.
Comparative example 2
Unlike example 2, the method for enhancing anaerobic sludge fermentation to produce acid by using the dynamic membrane bioreactor is as follows:
the other steps and parameters were the same as in example 2 without the addition of PE carrier.
The results show that the concentration of SCFAs in the reactor is increased from 1400mg/L to 1800mg/L, which is about 1.27 times that of the traditional anaerobic fermentation process, and the addition of the dynamic membrane component improves the concentration of organic matters (carbohydrate and protein) and acid-producing microorganisms in the reactor, thereby improving the concentration of SCFAs. In comparison, the PE support combined with the dynamic membrane (example 2) was significantly better than the acid production efficiency of the dynamic membrane module alone (comparative example 2).
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge is characterized in that when anaerobic fermentation is carried out on sludge by utilizing an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, a PE carrier is added into the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor after a dynamic membrane is formed and stabilized;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding the sludge into an anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, and filling nitrogen for anaerobic fermentation;
(2) After the fermentation system is stable, placing dynamic membrane components on two sides of a baffle for solid-liquid separation, and draining water by utilizing water head difference gravity until the turbidity of the water is less than 2NTU;
(3) Adding PE carrier into the anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor, and continuing anaerobic fermentation;
the PE carrier has a diameter of 10+ -0.1 mm and a relative density of 0.96+ -0.01 g/cm 3 Specific surface area of 350m 2 /m 3 The void ratio is 85-95%;
the ratio of the stacking volume of the PE carrier to the working volume of the reactor is (10-20): 100.
2. the method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge according to claim 1, wherein the membrane substrate of the dynamic membrane module in the step (1) comprises any one of non-woven fabric, nylon mesh, polyester and silk mesh.
3. The method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pore diameter of the membrane substrate is 20-100 μm.
4. The method for enhancing anaerobic fermentation and acid production of sludge according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic membrane module in the step (2) has a water outlet head of 2.5-5. 5cm.
5. Use of a method for enhancing anaerobic sludge fermentation to produce acid as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 in municipal anaerobic sludge fermentation to produce acid.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1785842A (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-14 | 大连雅希科技有限公司 | Suspension carrier of biomembrane |
| CN103805503A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-21 | 江南大学 | Device for enhancing organic sludge fermentation acid production and application thereof |
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| WO2008000809A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | Biogasol Ipr Aps | Production of fermentation products in biofilm reactors using microorganisms immobilised on sterilised granular sludge |
| US11591559B2 (en) * | 2018-10-01 | 2023-02-28 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Bioreactor insert and biofilm support, related apparatus and related methods |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1785842A (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-14 | 大连雅希科技有限公司 | Suspension carrier of biomembrane |
| CN103805503A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-21 | 江南大学 | Device for enhancing organic sludge fermentation acid production and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| Responses of short-chain fatty acids production to the addition of various biocarriers to sludge anaerobic fermentation;Qianqian Zhang等;Bioresource Technology;第304卷;122989（1-11） * |
| 加速厌氧污泥颗粒化的研究进展;王进;张振家;张志峰;;环境污染治理技术与设备(第06期);19-23 * |
| 聚乙烯和页岩陶粒对污泥厌氧发酵产酸的影响;张倩倩等;环境科学学报;第40卷(第9期);3323-3330 * |
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