CN115594972A - Method for improving processability of polybenzimidazole resin solution - Google Patents

Method for improving processability of polybenzimidazole resin solution Download PDF

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CN115594972A
CN115594972A CN202211307312.8A CN202211307312A CN115594972A CN 115594972 A CN115594972 A CN 115594972A CN 202211307312 A CN202211307312 A CN 202211307312A CN 115594972 A CN115594972 A CN 115594972A
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polybenzimidazole resin
molecular weight
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processability
polybenzimidazole
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CN115594972B (en
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李南文
耿康
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Shanghai Siyi Technology Co ltd
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    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L79/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
    • C08L79/04Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the processability of a polybenzimidazole resin solution. The method comprises the following steps: the high molecular weight Polybenzimidazole (PBI) and the low molecular weight PBI polymer are mixed and dissolved in a polar organic solvent, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the high molecular weight polybenzimidazole resin is 1.5-3.6 dL/g, the intrinsic viscosity of the low molecular weight polybenzimidazole resin is 0.5-1.2 dL/g, and the proportion of the high molecular weight polybenzimidazole resin in the polymer is 5-50 wt%. The method obviously improves the solid content and the fluidity of the solution, greatly improves the processability of the PBI solution, and greatly prolongs the storage time and the gelation time of the solution.

Description

Method for improving processability of polybenzimidazole resin solution
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the processability of a polybenzimidazole resin solution, belonging to the technical field of resin materials.
Background
Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is the engineering plastic with the highest performance in the world, is an amorphous linear heterocyclic polymer taking benzimidazole as a repeating unit, and the wholly aromatic main chain of the polybenzimidazole endows PBI with extremely high glass transition temperature (Tg =425-436 ℃), excellent chemical stability and excellent mechanical stability. The polybenzimidazole can be used as a high-temperature structural adhesive, and the bonding strength of the polybenzimidazole to stainless steel and titanium alloy is 960.4N/cm at 537 DEG C 2 The fiber can be used as flame-resistant fabric and ablation material, has better prospect in space navigation,such as heat resistant films, membranes, reinforced plastics, foams, etc. The Hoechst saranis company commercialized PBI in 1983 to produce fibers and textiles for thermal insulating clothing and fire protection applications. Currently, PBI is produced primarily by the company PBI Performance Products, USA.
However, PBI has the problems of complex preparation process, difficult dissolution and processing and high price, and the application and development of the PBI are seriously influenced. Aiming at the key technical problems of PBI dissolution and processing difficulty, various technical personnel provide different solutions. For example, flexible ether linkages were introduced into the backbone of PBI polymers (International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2013,38 (15): 6494-6502), hexafluoroisopropyl groups were introduced (Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry,2010,47 (16): 4064-4073), and bulky side groups were introduced (Polymer, 2009, 50. However, the introduction of flexible groups generally results in the reduction of chemical and thermal stability of the polymer, leading to degradation of the film during use, and the synthesis of new polymers and chemical modification of monomers or polymers also results in complicated processes and extended production procedures, leading to extended development cycles. In addition, PBI is a strong polar polymer with strong intermolecular forces, and PBI with a higher molecular weight is difficult to obtain a higher solid content in the dissolution process, and the solution has poor fluidity with the increase of the solid content, resulting in higher engineering difficulty in the stirring, dissolution, filtration, deaeration, and film scraping or spinning processes. In addition, PBI has a strong tendency to gel during the storage of the solution, even because the hydrogen bonding force between the polymers is too strong, so that the polymers are separated out of the solution, and LiCl is usually added into the solution as a cosolvent to increase the solubility or increase the solid content, so as to prolong the storage time of the solution, but too much LiCl may cause defects or unstable performance of the processed product. Whereas if only low molecular weight PBI polymers are used to increase the solids content of the solution and to improve processability, the resulting film or filament has lower mechanical strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: aiming at the problems and defects of the existing polybenzimidazole solution in the processing, the solubility of the polybenzimidazole and the fluidity of the solution are improved by a method of blending polybenzimidazole resins with different molecular weights.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a method for improving solution processability of a polybenzimidazole resin, comprising blending a high molecular weight polybenzimidazole resin having an intrinsic viscosity ranging from 1.5 to 3.6dL/g and a low molecular weight polybenzimidazole resin having an intrinsic viscosity ranging from 0.5 to 1.2dL/g, and dissolving the blended resins in a polar organic solvent, wherein the ratio of the high molecular weight polybenzimidazole resin to the polymer is 5 to 50wt%.
Preferably, the polybenzimidazole resin is: one of poly 2,2'- (1,4-naphthyl) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole NPBI, poly 2,2'- (m-phenyl) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole mPBI, poly 2,2'- (p-phenyl) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole pPBI, and poly 2,2'- (p-diphenyl ether) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole OPBI.
Preferably, the blending method is mechanical blending, and the dissolving method is as follows: adding an organic solvent into a reaction kettle, adding the blended polybenzimidazole resin in batches, and then mechanically stirring at 50-80 ℃ for dissolving.
Preferably, the polar organic solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
Preferably, an LiCl aid is also added during dissolution, and the addition amount of the LiCl aid is less than or equal to 1wt%.
The present invention also provides a polybenzimidazole resin solution obtained by the above method for improving the processability of a polybenzimidazole resin solution, wherein the content of the polymer in the polybenzimidazole resin solution is 10 to 25wt%.
The invention also provides a polybenzimidazole resin film which is prepared by processing the polybenzimidazole resin solution into a film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The PBI polymer with high and low molecular weight is mixed and dissolved in the organic solvent, wherein the polymer with low molecular weight can play a role in plasticization, the rotational viscosity of the solution is reduced, the solid content of the whole solution is improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; the high molecular weight polymer can provide strong mechanical property, improve the mechanical strength of a finished product and ensure the structural stability of the product; the storage time of the solution obtained by the method is greatly prolonged, and the gel time of the solution or the precipitation time of the polymer is obviously prolonged;
(2) The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the solid content and the fluidity of the solution are obviously improved, the processability of the PBI solution is greatly improved, the storage time and the gelation time of the solution are greatly prolonged, and the PBI solution obtained by the method is used for coating, so that the uniformity and the consistency of the obtained product are improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the production energy consumption is reduced on the premise of ensuring that the product has certain mechanical properties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a rotational viscosity test of solution 1;
fig. 2 is a rotational viscosity test of solution 6 a.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Synthesis of poly 2,2'- (1,4-naphthyl) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole (NPBI):
adding 1,4-Naphthalene Dicarboxylic Acid (NDA) and biphenyltetramine (DAB) monomers into a three-mouth bottle according to the molar ratio of 1:1, adding polyphosphoric acid into the three-mouth bottle to enable the mass fraction of the monomers to be 4wt%, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, starting reaction under the condition of mechanical stirring and by adopting a step-type heating mode, controlling the reaction time at the highest temperature of 140 ℃, obtaining NPBI (N-bis-ethylene) with different molecular weights, allowing the reaction liquid to be thermally settled in water to obtain a filamentous polymer, washing with deionized water and a sodium carbonate solution for multiple times, and drying to obtain polymer powder. The high molecular weight NPBI intrinsic viscosity is 2.61dL/g and is named as NPBI-H; the low molecular weight NPBI intrinsic viscosity is 0.93dL/g and is designated as NPBI-L.
NPBI-H of high molecular weight and NPBI-L of low molecular weight were dissolved in NMP solvent at different ratios and the solution compositions are shown in Table 1. The solutions 1, 3 and 6 were scraped on a clean glass plate and dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to give NPBI films, which were designated NPBI-1, NPBI-3, NPBI-6, respectively.
TABLE 1 formulation ratio of NPBI solution
Figure BDA0003906069840000041
Example 2
Synthesis of Poly 2,2'- (m-phenyl) -5,5' -Biphenyl imidazole (mPBI):
adding isophthalic acid (IPA) and biphenyltetramine (DAB) monomers into a three-mouth bottle according to a molar ratio of 1:1, adding polyphosphoric acid into the three-mouth bottle to enable the mass fraction of the monomers to be 4wt%, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, starting reaction under the condition of mechanical stirring and by adopting a staged heating mode, controlling the reaction time at the highest temperature of 180 ℃, obtaining mPBI with different molecular weights by controlling the reaction time, thermally dissolving the reaction liquid in water to obtain a filamentous polymer, washing with deionized water and a sodium carbonate solution for multiple times, and drying to obtain polymer powder. The high molecular weight mPBI intrinsic viscosity is 2.45dL/g and is named mPBI-H; the low molecular weight NPBI intrinsic viscosity is 0.89dL/g and is designated mPBI-L.
High molecular weight mPBI-H and low molecular weight mPBI-L were dissolved in DMAc solvent at different ratios and the solution compositions are shown in Table 2. The solutions 10, 12 and 15 were scraped off on a clean glass plate and dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to give mPBI films, which were designated mPBI-10, mPBI-12, mPBI-15, respectively.
TABLE 2 mPBI solution ratio
Figure BDA0003906069840000042
Figure BDA0003906069840000051
Example 3
Synthetic references for poly 2,2'- (p-diphenylether) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole (OPBI) (Journal of Membrane Science 586 (2019) 231-239): adding diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid and biphenyltetramine into an Eton's reagent (PPMA) solvent, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, gradually heating to 140 ℃, obtaining OPBI with different molecular weights by controlling reaction time at the temperature, thermally dissolving the reaction solution in water while the reaction solution is still hot to obtain a filamentous polymer, washing with deionized water and a sodium carbonate solution for multiple times, and drying to obtain polymer powder. The high molecular weight OPBI intrinsic viscosity is 2.52dL/g and is named OPBI-H; the low molecular weight OPBI intrinsic viscosity was 0.85dL/g and was designated OPBI-L.
High molecular weight OPBI-H and low molecular weight OPBI-L were dissolved in DMSO solvents at various ratios and the compositions of the solutions are shown in Table 3. The solutions 19, 21 and 24 were scraped off on a clean glass plate and dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to give OPBI films designated OPBI-19, OPBI-21 and OPBI-24, respectively.
TABLE 3 OPBI solution ratio
Figure BDA0003906069840000052
Figure BDA0003906069840000061
In example 1, by leaving the polymer solution to stand and observing the gel time thereof, as shown in Table 1, it was found that the gel time of the solution was significantly prolonged as the content of NPBI-L having a low molecular weight was increased, and that the increase in the content of NPBI-L was advantageous in increasing the solid content of the solution and in increasing the production efficiency. Also the solution gel times of example 2 and example 3 showed similar results.
As shown in Table 4, for the different polymers, as the proportion of the low molecular weight polymer increases, the rotational viscosity of the solution decreases, indicating a marked improvement in the flowability and processability. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotational viscosities of the solution 1 and the solution 6a show a great difference at the same solid content, which is also due to the fact that the rotational viscosity is very low in the solution 6a because the content of NPBI-L having a low molecular weight is as high as 95%.
Table 4 kinetic viscosity testing of different solutions
Figure BDA0003906069840000062
Although the increase of the content of the low molecular weight polymer can significantly reduce the rotational viscosity of the solution and improve the processability, the excessively high content can cause the reduction of the mechanical properties of the finished film, and as shown in table 5, when the content of the low molecular weight polymer reaches 95%, the tensile strength of the film is significantly reduced, so that the mechanical properties of the product can be considered while the content of the low molecular weight polymer is increased and the solid content of the solution is increased.
TABLE 5 comparison of mechanical properties of different films
Film Low molecular weight polymer fraction Tensile strength [ MPa ]]
NPBI-1 50% 220
NPBI-3 70% 211
NPBI-6 95% 153
mPBI-10 50% 201
mPBI-12 70% 189
mPBI-15 95% 142
OPBI-19 50% 185
OPBI-21 70% 181
OPBI-24 95% 136
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way and substantially, it should be noted that those skilled in the art may make several modifications and additions without departing from the scope of the present invention, which should also be construed as a protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for improving the solution processability of polybenzimidazole resin is characterized in that polybenzimidazole resin with high molecular weight and polybenzimidazole resin with low molecular weight are dissolved in a polar organic solvent after being blended, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the polybenzimidazole resin with high molecular weight ranges from 1.5 dL/g to 3.6dL/g, the intrinsic viscosity of the polybenzimidazole resin with low molecular weight ranges from 0.5 dL/g to 1.2dL/g, and the proportion of the polybenzimidazole resin with high molecular weight in the polymer ranges from 5wt% to 50wt%.
2. The method for improving the processability of polybenzimidazole resin solution according to claim 1, wherein said polybenzimidazole resin is: one of poly 2,2'- (1,4-naphthyl) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole NPBI, poly 2,2'- (m-phenyl) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole mPBI, poly 2,2'- (p-phenyl) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole pPBI, and poly 2,2'- (p-diphenyl ether) -5,5' -bibenzimidazole OPBI.
3. The method for improving the processability of polybenzimidazole resin solution according to claim 1, wherein the blending method is mechanical blending and the dissolving method is: adding an organic solvent into a reaction kettle, adding the blended polybenzimidazole resin in batches, and then mechanically stirring at 50-80 ℃ for dissolving.
4. The method for improving the processability of polybenzimidazole resin solution according to claim 1, wherein the polar organic solvent is one or more of N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
5. The method for improving the processability of polybenzimidazole resin solution according to claim 1, wherein LiCl aid is further added during the dissolution, and the addition amount of LiCl aid is less than or equal to 1wt%.
6. The polybenzimidazole resin solution obtained by the method for improving the processability of the polybenzimidazole resin solution according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the content of the polymer in the polybenzimidazole resin solution is 10 to 25% by weight.
7. A polybenzimidazole resin film obtained by processing the polybenzimidazole resin solution according to claim 6 into a film.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117209807A (en) * 2023-11-09 2023-12-12 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 Method for improving solubility of heterocyclic aromatic polymer and application thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060134417A1 (en) * 2003-07-09 2006-06-22 Takeshi Takaha Molded object comprising alpha-1,4-glucans and/or modifications thereof and process for producing the same
CN112409612A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-02-26 孙利滨 Preparation method of high-solid-content low-viscosity polyamic acid solution
CN113292722A (en) * 2020-02-24 2021-08-24 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 Preparation method of polybenzimidazole polymer with high molecular weight and high solubility

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060134417A1 (en) * 2003-07-09 2006-06-22 Takeshi Takaha Molded object comprising alpha-1,4-glucans and/or modifications thereof and process for producing the same
CN1845961A (en) * 2003-07-09 2006-10-11 江崎格力高株式会社 Molded object comprising alpha-1,4-glucans and/or modifications thereof and process for producing the same
CN113292722A (en) * 2020-02-24 2021-08-24 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 Preparation method of polybenzimidazole polymer with high molecular weight and high solubility
CN112409612A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-02-26 孙利滨 Preparation method of high-solid-content low-viscosity polyamic acid solution

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117209807A (en) * 2023-11-09 2023-12-12 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 Method for improving solubility of heterocyclic aromatic polymer and application thereof
CN117209807B (en) * 2023-11-09 2024-02-02 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 Method for improving solubility of heterocyclic aromatic polymer and application thereof

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