CN115594526B

CN115594526B - Glaze combination and ceramic tile with latticed concave-convex grain effect

Info

Publication number: CN115594526B
Application number: CN202211601932.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吉启雨; 蔡瑞青; 程虹雨; 陈瑞路; 周方雅
Original assignee: Foshan Dowstong Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Dowstong Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-14
Filing date: 2022-12-14
Publication date: 2023-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 2042-12-14
Also published as: CN115594526A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of ceramics, and discloses a glaze combination with a latticed concave-convex grain effect and a ceramic tile. The glaze composition consists of special colored glaze and netted dry glaze grains, wherein the basic glaze raw materials of the special colored glaze and the netted dry glaze grains comprise potash feldspar, wollastonite, dolomite, zinc oxide and limestone; a large amount of high-temperature material particles are also added into the reticular dry particle glaze. The main part composition of two kinds of frit is close, through using the frit of higher first melting temperature on the frit of lower first melting temperature, the two has different expansion coefficient when firing into, forms the glaze contraction effect at refrigerated in-process, has obtained natural, latticed concave and convex line effect that the third dimension is strong for the glaze decorative effect of ceramic tile obtains sublimating, has promoted the grade of ceramic tile design again when increasing the third dimension, has addd ornamental value, very big saving manufacturing cost.

Description

Glaze combination and ceramic tile with latticed concave-convex grain effect

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a glaze combination with a latticed concave-convex grain effect and a ceramic tile.

Background

As is well known, the types of tiles that are currently in use are mainly polished tiles, fully polished tiles, antique tiles, molded tiles, and the like. The fully polished brick has the characteristics of smoothness and transparency, but due to the plane design, the fully polished brick is smooth and balanced and lacks stereoscopic impression and safety sense; although the surface texture of the archaized brick can be improved by matching with some effect materials due to special requirements, the surface decoration is enriched, but the whole stereoscopic impression is weak; the mold brick has the strongest stereoscopic impression, but in recent years, the cost of manufacturers is increased due to mold loss. In order to save cost and open sources and throttle, various manufacturers inevitably develop a new way to gain a place in the market.

The grains with certain stereoscopic impression are introduced into the glaze layer, so that a vivid stone-like effect can be obtained, and a more excellent decorative effect can be obtained. In the traditional process, the lines are generally formed on the glaze by a physical method, the lines are relatively stiff, the transition is not natural enough, and the requirement on the production process is high.

CN103626523A discloses a ceramic tile with a dry grain glaze decorative surface, the ceramic tile structure is respectively a body layer, a ground glaze layer, a cover glaze layer, a printing layer and a dry grain layer from bottom to top, the dry grain layer includes: it comprises the same variety of dry grains; or the refractory material comprises more than two dry particle combinations of different varieties, and the particle sizes and refractoriness of the dry particles of the different varieties are different; the particle size of the dry particles in the dry particle layer is 60-120 meshes. The ceramic tile shows unique light stereoscopic impression in the changes of different lights and different heights, so that the ceramic tile has very good texture of decorative patterns, and has good effects of skid resistance, wear resistance, pollution resistance and the like.

CN107235632A discloses a functional ceramic tile with high-simulation 3D digital glaze spraying three-dimensional pattern effect and a preparation method thereof; the method comprises the steps of distributing base glaze on a ceramic tile blank, printing a relief pattern file on the ceramic tile blank by using a relief ink jet printer, spraying 3D relief ink on the base glaze corresponding to the concave position of the relief pattern file by using the relief ink jet printer, and distributing relief cover glaze on the ceramic tile blank by using a three-dimensional glaze spraying machine to obtain a glaze blank; forming simulated embossment textures by using the property difference between the 3D embossment ink and the embossment overglaze and changing the spraying position of the 3D embossment ink and the using amount of the embossment overglaze; the microwave drying method is adopted to ensure that the edge of the ink-jet pattern is fine and the color is stably adhered, thereby solving the problem of pattern distortion and blurring caused by incompatibility of color ink and protective glaze; the functionality of the ceramic tile is enhanced by the wear-resistant protective glaze, the dry particles and the functional ink.

CN106278383A discloses a method for manufacturing ceramic tiles with concave-convex texture on the surface, comprising the following steps: (1) distributing an adhesive on part of the surface of the green brick; (2) Distributing fusion cake particles on the surface of the green brick where the binder is distributed; (3) Blowing away the fusion cake particles which are not bonded on the surface of the green brick after drying; (4) And polishing and edging the ceramic tile after firing to obtain the ceramic tile with concave-convex texture on the surface. The invention adopts the adhesive to stick the frit particles on the adobe, blows the non-stick frit particles off through blowing treatment, and then obtains the ceramic tile with the required uneven texture through calcining and polishing.

CN113582731A discloses a matte digital dry particle ceramic tile with stereoscopic impression and a preparation method thereof, wherein low-gloss ground coat is applied on a tile blank to reduce the glossiness of the tile blank, and dry particle ink is sprayed on the surface of the low-gloss ground coat to perform pattern printing, so that a concave-convex texture pattern is obtained, the glossiness is low, the gradation is clear, and the skid resistance and the touch texture of the ceramic tile are effectively improved; and simultaneously, the water content of the low-gloss ground glaze and the water content of the matte surface glaze before application are strictly controlled, and the components of each glaze and the firing temperature are preferably selected, so that the antifouling performance of the ceramic tile is improved.

Although various processes for producing ceramic tiles having a certain texture are disclosed in the prior art, these processes are relatively complex and require corresponding adjustments to the production line to meet the needs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome at least one defect in the prior art and provides a glaze combination and a ceramic tile with a latticed concave-convex grain effect.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided:

a glaze combination with latticed concave-convex grain effect is composed of special colored glaze and reticular dry grain glaze, wherein:

the special colored glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: potassium-sodalite: 20-35 parts of wollastonite: 35-50 parts of dolomite: 5-15 parts of zinc oxide: 5-15 parts of limestone: 7-15 parts;

the reticular dry granular glaze is prepared from a base glaze and a high-temperature material according to the weight ratio of (1-5): (2-8), wherein the base glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25-40 parts of potash-sodalite, 30-40 parts of wollastonite, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 7-15 parts of zinc oxide and 7-20 parts of limestone, wherein the initial melting temperature of the high-temperature material is not lower than 1300 ℃.

In some examples of glaze combinations, the specialty glaze has a chemical composition by mass: siO 2 ₂ 60～70%、Al ₂ O ₃ 0～5%、CaO10～20%、K ₂ O4～8%、MgO1～3%、Na ₂ O1～2%、ZnO5～15%。

In some examples of glaze combinations, the greige glaze has an onset temperature of 900 to 1100 ℃.

In some glaze combination examples, the high temperature frit has a particle size of 60 to 120 mesh.

In some examples of the glaze combination, the high temperature frit is selected from at least one of alumina particles, quartz particles, mullite particles, and zircon particles.

In some glaze combination examples, the high temperature frit has a particle size of 60 to 120 mesh, and the high temperature frit is selected from at least one of alumina particles, quartz particles, mullite particles, and zircon particles.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided:

a ceramic tile with latticed concave-convex grain effect is prepared by the following steps:

1) Laying a base glaze layer on the blank to obtain a base glaze layer;

2) Spreading special glaze slip on the bottom glaze layer;

3) Applying a reticular dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

4) Drying, sintering in a kiln, and performing post-treatment to obtain the ceramic tile with the latticed concave-convex grain effect;

wherein the composition of the specially colored glaze and the reticular dry particle glaze is as described in the first aspect of the invention.

In some examples of ceramic tiles, the specially colored glaze is applied to a thickness of 0.05 to 0.6mm.

In some examples of the ceramic tile, the mesh-like dry particle glaze is applied to a thickness of 0.1 to 0.8mm.

In some tile examples, the post-treatment is no-polishing, brush polishing, or full polishing.

In some tile examples, the firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

some embodiments of the invention can form a glaze combination with a latticed concave-convex grain effect, two glazes with different initial melting temperatures are used in a matching way, and a large amount of alumina powder is added in the glaze with higher initial melting temperature. The main part composition of two kinds of frit is close, through using the frit of higher first melting temperature on the frit of lower first melting temperature, the two has different expansion coefficient when firing into, form the glaze effect of contracting at refrigerated in-process, obtained natural, latticed concave and convex line effect that the third dimension is strong, make the glaze decorative effect of ceramic tile obtain sublimating, promoted the grade of ceramic tile design when increasing the third dimension again, the ornamental value that adds, very big saving manufacturing cost, for ceramic enterprise energy-concerving and environment-protective under the two carbon forms, green promotes profit space.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a picture of the product effect shown in example 1.

Fig. 2 is a picture of the product effect shown in example 2.

Fig. 3 is a picture of the product effect shown in example 3.

Fig. 4 is a picture of the product effect shown in example 4.

Fig. 5 is a picture of the effect of the product shown in comparative example 1.

Fig. 6 is a picture of the effect of the product shown in comparative example 2.

Fig. 7 is a picture of the effect of the product shown in comparative example 3.

Fig. 8 is a picture of the effect of the product shown in comparative example 4.

Fig. 9 is a picture of the effect of the product shown in comparative example 5.

Detailed Description

In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided:

a glaze combination with latticed concave-convex grain effect comprises a special color glaze and a reticular dry grain glaze, wherein:

The special colored glaze and the reticular dry particle glaze are relatively close in components, the reticular dry particle glaze is added with the high-temperature material, so that the melting temperature of the reticular dry particle glaze is increased, the melting temperature of the reticular dry particle glaze is greatly different from that of the special glaze, the melting stages of the special glaze and the special glaze are different in the firing process of a kiln, the special glaze is firstly melted after the reticular dry particle glaze is melted, and the upper layer and the lower layer of the special glaze are slowly split to form similar glaze shrinkage and splitting effects, so that the natural and vivid latticed concave-convex grain effect is formed.

In some examples of glaze combinations, the specialty color glaze has a chemical composition by mass: siO 2 ₂ 60～70%、Al ₂ O ₃ 0～5%、CaO10～20%、K ₂ O4～8%、MgO1～3%、Na ₂ O1～2%、ZnO5～15%。

In some glaze combination examples, the high temperature frit has a particle size of 60 to 120 mesh. The high-temperature material with the grain size is more beneficial to forming latticed concave-convex grains.

In some glaze combination examples, the high temperature frit is selected from at least one of alumina particles, quartz particles, mullite particles, and zircon particles. The high-temperature materials have wide sources, are colorless or light in color, do not influence the decorative effect of the glaze layer, and are relatively low in cost and better choices. Different high-temperature materials are mixed, and because the properties of the high-temperature materials have slight difference, more and more natural changes can be brought.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided:

1) Laying a base glaze layer on the blank to obtain a base glaze layer;

2) Spreading special glaze slip on the ground glaze layer;

3) Applying the netted dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

In some examples of the ceramic tile, the reticular dry particle glaze is applied with the thickness of 0.1-0.8 mm.

In some ceramic tile examples, the special colored glaze has a glazing thickness of 0.05-0.6 mm, and the reticular dry particle glaze has a glazing thickness of 0.1-0.8 mm.

In some tile examples, the post-treatment is no-polish, brush-polish, or full-polish.

In some tile examples, the firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. For convenience of comparison, the firing time of each example was 1.5 hours. The raw material compositions of the characteristic glaze layers of different examples are shown in table 1, and the raw material compositions of the base glaze of the reticular dry particle glaze of different examples are shown in table 2. Through calculation, in table 1, the chemical mass composition range of the specially colored glaze is as follows: siO 2 ₂ 60～70%、Al ₂ O ₃ 0～5%、CaO10～20%、K ₂ O4～8%、MgO1～3%、Na ₂ 1 to 2 percent of O and 5 to 15 percent of ZnO. The auxiliary agent in each implementation is a viscosity regulator and the like which are commonly used in the field of ceramics. For convenience of comparison, the preparation method of the special glaze slip comprises the following steps:

weighing 100 parts of raw materials, 0.1-1 part of auxiliary agent and 30-50 parts of water according to the proportion, and performing ball milling and refining to obtain the glaze slip.

The preparation method of the reticular dry particle glaze comprises the following steps:

weighing raw materials according to the proportion of the mesh dry grain glaze base glaze, crushing the raw materials to 60-120 meshes, adding high-temperature material particles of 60-120 meshes, 0.1-1 wt% of the total solid raw materials of an auxiliary agent and 30-50 wt% of the total solid raw materials of water, and mixing and stirring the mixture uniformly to obtain the dry grain glaze slurry.

TABLE 1 raw material composition of characteristic glaze layer of different examples

Number of	Potassium-sodium feldspar	Wollastonite	Dolomite	Zinc oxide	Limestone	Barium carbonate	Impurities
								Example 1	32	37	10	8	11		2
Example 2	30	40	11	8	10		1
								Example 3	20	50	8	12	7		3
Example 4	32	41	8	8	7		4
								Comparative example 1	25	17	12	15	15	12	4
Comparative example 2	19	30	20	10	17		4
								Comparative example 3	40	20	12	18	10		0
Comparative example 4	40	10	20	10	17		3
								Comparative example 5	10	30	20	18	17		5

TABLE 2 raw material composition of base glaze of different examples of reticular dry granular glaze

Numbering	Potassium-sodium feldspar	Wollastonite	Dolomite	Zinc oxide	Limestone	Diopside	Impurities
								Example 1	32	37	10	8	11	2
Example 2	30	40	11	8	10		1
								Example 3	25	40	10	12	12	1
Example 4	30	35	10	12	11		2
								Comparative example 1	19	30	20	10	17	4
Comparative example 2	35	10	15	13	15	10	2
								Comparative example 3	40	20	12	18	10	0
Comparative example 4	40	10	20	10	17		3
								Comparative example 5	10	30	20	18	17	5

Example 1

A preparation process of a ceramic tile with a latticed concave-convex grain effect comprises the following steps: blank powder making → press forming → drying kiln drying → ground glaze → ink jet printing → special color glaze → netted dry particle glaze → sintering → polishing.

S1) a green body layer: preparing materials according to the requirement of powder, and pressing and forming by a press to obtain a green tile body;

s2) a ground glaze layer: laying a piece of ground glaze on the blank layer to obtain a ground glaze layer;

s3) special glaze layer: a special glaze with the thickness of 0.3mm is spread on the ground glaze layer;

s4) mesh dry particle glaze: applying a 0.3 mm-thick reticular dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

s5) drying the prepared ceramic tile, and sintering the ceramic tile in a kiln at the temperature of 1190-1210 ℃ to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional reticular crack effect.

Wherein the composition of the reticular dry granular glaze is as follows: alumina particles: auxiliary agent =4:6:1, the results are shown in FIG. 1.

Example 2

S1) green body layer: preparing materials according to the requirement of powder, and pressing and forming by a press to obtain a green tile body;

s3) special glaze layer: a special glaze with the thickness of 0.05mm is spread on the ground glaze layer;

s4) mesh dry particle glaze: applying a 0.1 mm-thick reticular dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

s5) drying the prepared ceramic tile, firing the ceramic tile in a kiln at the temperature of 1190-1210 ℃, and performing brushing and polishing treatment to obtain the ceramic tile with the micro three-dimensional reticular crack effect.

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: quartz particles: auxiliary agent =3:6:2, the results are shown in fig. 2.

Example 3

s2) a ground coat layer: laying a piece of ground glaze on the blank layer to obtain a ground glaze layer;

s3) special glaze layer: a special glaze with the thickness of 0.6mm is laid on the ground glaze layer;

s4) mesh dry granular glaze: applying a 0.8 mm-thick reticular dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

s5) drying the prepared ceramic tile, firing the ceramic tile in a kiln at the temperature of 1190-1210 ℃, and carrying out full polishing treatment to obtain the ceramic tile with the reticular crack effect.

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: mullite grains: auxiliary agent =5:7.5:1.5, see FIG. 3.

Example 4

s3) special glaze layer: a special glaze with the thickness of 0.6mm is spread on the ground glaze layer;

s4) mesh dry particle glaze: applying a 0.8 mm-thick reticular dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

s5) drying the prepared ceramic tile, firing the ceramic tile in a kiln at 1190-1210 ℃, and carrying out full-polishing treatment to obtain the ceramic tile with the reticular crack effect.

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: mullite grains: auxiliary agent =5:5:1.5, see FIG. 4.

Comparative example 1

S1) a green body layer: preparing materials according to the requirement of powder, and pressing and forming by a press to obtain a ceramic tile green body;

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: alumina particles: auxiliary agent =5:5:2, the results are shown in FIG. 5.

Comparative example 2

A preparation process of a ceramic tile with a latticed concave-convex grain effect comprises the following steps: blank powder making → press forming → drying kiln drying → ground glaze → ink jet printing → special colored glaze → netted dry granule glaze → sintering → polishing.

s4) mesh dry granular glaze: applying a 0.3 mm-thick reticular dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: quartz particles: auxiliary agent =5:5:2, the results are shown in FIG. 6.

Comparative example 3

s4) mesh dry particle glaze: a 0.3 mm-thick reticular dry granular glaze is laid on the special glaze layer;

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: alumina particles: auxiliary agent =9:1:2, the results are shown in FIG. 7.

Comparative example 4

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: alumina particles: auxiliary agent =1:9:2, the results are shown in FIG. 8.

Comparative example 5

s3) mesh dry grain glaze: applying a 0.3 mm-thick reticular dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

s4) special glaze layer: a special glaze with the thickness of 0.3mm is spread on the ground glaze layer;

Wherein, the composition of the reticular dry particle glaze is that the basic glaze: alumina particles: auxiliary agent =5:5:2, the results are shown in FIG. 9.

It can be seen from examples 1 to 4 that the special three-dimensional network crack pattern formed on the surface of the tile increases the design feeling of the tile and improves the grade of the tile. In contrast, as can be seen from comparative examples 1-2, the characteristic glaze and the reticular dry particle glaze change the basis, or the basic glaze and the high-temperature material in the reticular dry particle glaze exceed the normal ratio as can be seen from comparative examples 3-4, or as can be seen from comparative example 5, the reticular crack effect is general and the glaze surface is wrinkled and cracked due to the fact that the basic glaze is wrong in the glazing sequence, the exceeding range and the non-use range, which causes the reticular dry particle glaze to have too high initial melting temperature.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention and is not to be taken in a limiting sense. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, additions and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A glaze combination with latticed concave-convex grain effect is characterized by comprising a special color glaze and a latticed dry grain glaze, wherein:

the reticular dry granular glaze is prepared from a basic glaze and a high-temperature material according to the following ratio of (1-5): (2-8), wherein the base glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25-40 parts of potash-sodalite, 30-40 parts of wollastonite, 8-15 parts of dolomite, 7-15 parts of zinc oxide and 7-20 parts of limestone, wherein the initial melting temperature of the high-temperature material is not lower than 1300 ℃, and the high-temperature material is selected from at least one of alumina particles, quartz particles, mullite particles and zircon particles.

2. The glaze combination according to claim 1, wherein the specific glaze has a chemical composition by mass: siO 2 ₂ 60～70%、Al ₂ O ₃ 0 to 5 percent but not 0, caO 10 to 20 percent and K ₂ O4～8%、MgO1～3%、Na ₂ O1～2%、ZnO5～15%。

3. The glaze combination according to claim 1, wherein the very-colored glaze has a melting onset temperature of 900 to 1100 ℃.

4. The glaze composition as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high temperature frit has a particle size of 60 to 120 mesh.

5. A ceramic tile with latticed concave-convex grain effect is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) Laying a base glaze layer on the blank to obtain a base glaze layer;

2) Spreading special glaze slip on the bottom glaze layer;

3) Applying the netted dry granular glaze on the characteristic glaze layer;

wherein the special colored glaze and the reticular dry particle glaze have the compositions as set forth in claim 1.

6. The tile according to claim 5, wherein the special colored glaze is applied with a thickness of 0.05-0.6 mm.

7. The tile according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the applied mesh-like dry glaze is 0.1-0.8 mm.

8. The tile of claim 5, wherein the post-treatment is no-polish, brush-polish, or full-polish.

9. The tile according to claim 5, wherein the firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.