CN115584816A - High-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall system installation method based on intelligent lofting technology - Google Patents
High-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall system installation method based on intelligent lofting technology Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/96—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/96—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms
- E04B2/962—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms with angles or corners in the curtain wall
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/96—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms
- E04B2/967—Details of the cross-section of the mullions or transoms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
- E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/167—Tools or apparatus specially adapted for working-up plates, panels or slab shaped building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
- E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall system installation method based on an intelligent lofting technology. The double-fulcrum mode of fixed hinged support and sliding support is adopted on the upper face of the high-precision steel rib, the fixed hinged support restrains translation of X and Y axes, the sliding support restrains translation of X axis direction, an statically indeterminate structure is prevented from occurring, the fixed hinged support can absorb part of errors generated in the installation process during installation, the sliding support is connected after being fixed up and down, and the error can be adjusted according to the anti-seismic requirement. The intelligent robot positioning technology is adopted, so that the labor investment is low, the precision is high, visual bottom crossing can be realized, the problems of collision between a curtain wall and a structure and material waste and rework caused by inaccurate installation of a high-precision steel rib position are avoided, the construction quality and efficiency are improved, and the construction risk is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building curtain wall construction, and particularly relates to a high-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall system installation method based on an intelligent lofting technology.
Background
Along with the high-speed development of the current city, the updating iteration of building materials is accelerated, the building forms are more and more diversified and personalized, the outer facades of various public buildings are more and more unique and novel, nonlinear elements are more and more appeared in the design of building curtain walls, and the application of curtain walls with complicated shapes such as special shapes, double curved surfaces, inclined surfaces, spherical surfaces, inclined curved surfaces and the like is more and more common. Due to the complexity of the modeling of the outer curved surface of the building, the construction difficulty in the installation of the curtain wall framework and the panel is multiplied.
The inclined curved glass curtain wall has the characteristics of vertical linear inclination angle and horizontal curved arrangement, and the curtain wall system is more difficult to position, pay-off and install than other curtain wall systems. The stand material of large-span skew surface curtain requires very strictly, and conventional practice is interior steel bushing core outsourcing section bar decoration, but this type of two-layer structure can increase stand external dimension, and ordinary steel section bar can't accomplish more than 22m in addition, and the crack can appear in the stand, consequently need select for use high accuracy customization shaped steel to solve this difficult problem. The accurate positioning and installation of each overlong and overweight high-precision steel is the key for ensuring the installation quality of the glass of the curtain wall with the inclined curved surface, and the completion of the whole curtain wall system is often influenced by the millimeter deviation; the traditional method of utilizing tools such as a total station and a level gauge and paying off according to a two-dimensional building plan and manual measurement cannot meet ordering and installation of the high-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall, and the problems of slow construction period, material waste, large rework amount, potential safety hazards and the like can be caused. In conclusion, how to solve the size error caused by the construction of the main steel structure, how to perform ordering and measuring positioning of the inclined-curved-surface high-precision steel, and how to realize accurate positioning of the ordering angle of the inclined-curved-surface glass, are all the problems to be solved urgently in the installation process of the high-precision steel inclined-curved-surface glass curtain wall system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the high-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall system installation method based on the intelligent lofting technology, which is suitable for the installation of a large-span inclined curved surface glass curtain wall, can accurately place orders and position, achieves millimeter fine adjustment, solves the problems that the traditional curtain wall steel upright column is easy to deform, the upright column is difficult to position, the material is slow to place orders, the precision is low, the installation difficulty is high and the like, and better improves the construction efficiency and the construction quality.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
A high-precision steel skew surface curtain wall system installation method based on an intelligent lofting technology comprises the following steps:
step 1: scanning a field main body structure by using a three-dimensional laser scanner to form a three-dimensional point cloud model, carrying out error analysis and data correction after the three-dimensional point cloud model and an original main body structure model are matched, and establishing an actual contour line of the main body structure;
and 2, step: establishing and optimizing a three-dimensional model of a curtain wall system, and then performing three-dimensional typesetting and ordering;
and 3, step 3: unifying a three-dimensional space coordinate system of a point cloud model of a site and a three-dimensional space coordinate system of a curtain wall system based on an intelligent lofting robot and a three-dimensional laser scanner, and performing point location conversion;
and 4, step 4: processing and manufacturing a high-precision steel rib, extracting coordinate information of three supporting points on the high-precision steel rib, performing on-site lofting synchronization, and performing size rechecking on a main installation part;
and 5: installing an upper support steel member on the edge sealing steel beam of the main structure;
and 6: hoisting the high-precision steel rib, connecting an upper fulcrum of the high-precision steel rib with an upper support steel member, fixing a bottom fulcrum of the high-precision steel rib, and finally performing position correction and rechecking;
and 7: mounting a middle support steel member on the main structure steel beam, and then connecting a middle upper support point of the high-precision steel rib with the middle support steel member;
and step 8: the high-precision steel rib is provided with a glass support for bearing a curtain wall glass plate and a bent U-shaped steel groove;
and step 9: hoisting and placing the glass plate;
step 10: mounting an aluminum profile decorating strip;
step 11: after the glass plate and the aluminum profile decorating strip are installed, the gap is cleaned, glue injection work is completed within half an hour after the cleaning is completed, and finally the curtain wall is cleaned.
Furthermore, the high-precision steel rib in the step 4 has an approximate shuttle-shaped overall section, is a combination of two rounded triangles and a square, and is coated with fluorocarbon paint on the surface; high accuracy steel rib is connected through a plurality of steel sheet combination welding spare between customization shaped steel A and the customization shaped steel B including customization shaped steel A and customization shaped steel B, and customization shaped steel A outside upper portion, well upper portion wait strong welding respectively have connecting steel plate A and customization steel pipe.
Further, the specific process of step 5 is as follows:
firstly, point location information of each upper support steel member is input into a lofting robot to carry out automatic lofting, infrared laser of the lofting robot is projected onto a positioning light-blocking board to obtain the distance between a bolt hole of the upper support steel member and a main structure, and then the upper support steel member is temporarily welded onto the main structure by using a short-cut waste steel bar to serve as a positioning reference of the upper support steel member;
and then, the upper support steel members are welded and fixed on the edge-sealed steel beam, and rechecking is performed through a lofting robot, so that each upper support steel member is ensured to pass through a measurement-recovery-determination flow, namely, four times of measurement, lofting point position error minimum control is realized, and measurement deviation records of all upper support steel member point positions are formed.
Further, the upper bracket steel member includes two parallel arrangement's of welding at the banding girder steel connecting plate B, all reserves the mounting hole on two connecting plate B midlines, and it strengthens steel sheet B all to weld two right angled triangle between connecting plate B and the banding girder steel.
Further, the specific process of step 6 is as follows:
step 8.1: automatic lofting is carried out on the bottom supporting point of the high-precision steel rib through a lofting robot matched with a VR helmet, and then a positioning line is directly popped out of the ground;
step 8.2: hoisting the high-precision steel rib by a crane, ensuring that the upper part of the high-precision steel rib moves to the position of the upper support steel member, inserting the connecting steel plate A between two connecting steel plates B of the upper support steel member, and connecting the connecting steel plates A by an M30 bolt group;
step 8.3: slowly adjusting a crane, and aligning the lower end of the high-precision steel rib to a steel embedded plate at a preset position through a suspension arm; then sheathing the steel sleeve core into the inner cavities of the customized section steel A and the customized section steel B, and welding the bottom end of the steel sleeve core and the steel embedded plate together; then slowly lowering the high-precision steel rib to ensure that the whole weight of the high-precision steel rib falls on the steel embedded plate to meet the requirement of lower end stress;
step 8.4: after the initial fixed mounting of the high-precision steel ribs is completed, data are acquired through three-dimensional laser scanning, and the fitting collision is carried out on the position of each high-precision steel rib and the position of the three-dimensional model, so that millimeter-level adjustment rechecking is realized.
Further, in the step 7, the middle support steel member comprises a rectangular steel pipe A, one end of the rectangular steel pipe A is welded with the main structural steel beam, the other end of the rectangular steel pipe A is welded with a square steel plate A, the end part of the customized steel pipe is welded with a square steel plate B, and the square steel plate A and the square steel plate B are connected through a plurality of groups of M24 stainless steel hexagon head bolts; two triangular reinforcing steel plates D are welded between the rectangular steel pipe A and the square steel plate A and between the customized steel pipe and the square steel plate B.
Further, the specific process of step 8 is as follows:
dividing the glass plate into cells according to the size of the glass plate, positioning the glass support on the surface of the high-precision steel rib, drawing the position of the glass support, then customizing the corresponding position of the section steel A in the notch of the high-precision steel rib for drilling, and fixing the glass support in the notch of the high-precision steel rib by using an M8 multiplied by 170 bolt group;
welding bent U-shaped steel grooves between the lower parts of the notches of the adjacent high-precision steel ribs, arranging a plurality of supporting rib plates on the lower parts of the bent U-shaped steel grooves, and fixedly connecting the supporting rib plates with the bent U-shaped steel grooves by welding and with ground expansion bolts; the aluminum plate is arranged at the splicing position of the bent U-shaped steel groove, the bent L-shaped steel part is welded on one side, inclined towards the indoor, of the bent U-shaped steel groove, the lower surface of the bent L-shaped steel part is fixedly connected with the ground expansion bolt, the stainless steel is welded on one side, close to the outdoor side, of the bent U-shaped steel groove, and the other end of the stainless steel is fixed on the ground.
Further, the specific process of step 9 is as follows:
the glass plate is installed and carried by matching a truck crane with a remote control type sucking disc vehicle, the glass plate is installed by utilizing mechanical arms and manual cooperation, the glass plate is installed by adopting an inclined installation process, one side of the glass plate firstly enters a notch of a high-precision steel rib, the other side of the glass plate is placed to two sides of the notch, the positions of the glass plate are further adjusted, the lapping widths of two sides of the glass plate are consistent, the glass plate is slowly placed on a glass support with a rubber gasket, the bottom of the glass plate at the lowest row is ensured to be placed in a bent U-shaped steel groove, and weather-resistant sealant is adopted for sealing the seam; and then placing the rectangular steel tube B into the glass plate for limiting, and further fixing and sealing the rectangular steel tube B and the glass plate by adopting a foam rod, sealant, double-sided paste and structural adhesive.
Further, the specific process of step 10 is as follows:
the stainless steel self-tapping self-drilling nail is utilized to fix the pressing block of the aluminum profile decorating strip on the customized section steel A in the high-precision steel rib notch, then the cover plate of the aluminum profile decorating strip is fixed on the pressing block, and the foam rod and the sealant are used for fixing and sealing between the aluminum profile decorating strip and the customized section steel B and between the aluminum profile decorating strip and the glass plate.
Furthermore, a reinforced steel plate A is welded between the connecting steel plate A and the outer wall of the customized section steel A, and the surfaces of the connecting steel plate A, the customized steel pipe and the reinforced steel plate A are sprayed with silvery white fluorocarbon paint;
the glass plate is made of 12Low-E +12Ar +10+1.52pvb +10mm hollow super-white toughened laminated glass.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a method for carrying out oblique curved surface high-precision steel rib positioning measurement by using an intelligent lofting robot, which comprises the steps of firstly converting a three-dimensional model by using a BIM two-dimensional drawing, finding the problem difficult to find in the drawing through the three-dimensional visibility and collision detection of the BIM, carrying out optimization solution, carrying out curtain wall glass typesetting by accurately dividing the skin of a curtain wall through the model, adjusting the model to obtain the optimal structure, the position relation of a high-precision steel upright post and a glass plate, and further ensuring the subsequent curtain wall construction quality.
2. According to the invention, three-dimensional laser scanning is utilized to analyze structural errors, the BIM model is fed back to carry out secondary deepening and material ordering, a space coordinate system is established between the model and an actual site, the model and the site are synchronized, the consistency of site construction and the BIM model is ensured, compared with the traditional positioning measurement based on a total station and a level gauge, the construction quality can be effectively ensured, the rework amount is reduced, and the construction efficiency is favorably improved.
3. The double supporting points on the high-precision steel rib adopt a fixed hinged support and a sliding support, the fixed hinged support restrains two degrees of freedom (X-axis translation and Y-axis translation), the sliding support restrains X-axis direction translation, an statically indeterminate structure is prevented, in addition, the fixed hinged support can absorb a part of errors generated in the installation process during installation, and the sliding support is connected after being fixed up and down, so that the anti-seismic requirement can be met, and errors can be adjusted.
4. The curtain wall system adopts a top-bottom bearing mode, namely, a ground beam bears the main dead weight of the curtain wall, a top cross brace mainly bears the horizontal load of the curtain wall, and a middle upright post is arranged in a full-length inclined mode, so that the safety problem of the whole structure of the curtain wall is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high-precision steel skew surface curtain wall system installation method based on an intelligent lofting technology;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an overall structure of a high-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a high-precision steel oblique curved surface curtain wall system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an upper fulcrum connection;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a mid-upper fulcrum connection;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side connection view of an upper fulcrum and a middle upper fulcrum;
FIG. 7 is a bottom pivot connection schematic;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the glass plate and the glass holder.
In the figure: 1-customizing section steel A; 2-customizing section steel B; 3-connecting a steel plate A;4, customizing a steel pipe; 5-reinforced steel plate A; 6-glass plate; 7-a steel plate combined welding part; 8-edge sealing of the steel beam; 9-connecting steel plate B; 10-reinforced steel plate B; 11-M8 × 170 bolt set; 12-a steel embedded plate; 13-a steel jacket core; 14-rectangular steel tube A; 15-square steel plate A; 16-square steel plate B; 17-reinforced steel plate D; 18-a glass holder; 19-bending the U-shaped steel groove; 20-support ribs; 21-bending the L-shaped steel piece; 22-rectangular steel tube B; 23-aluminum profile trim strips; 24-a main structural steel beam; 25-structural adhesive; 26-sealing glue; 27-stainless steel self-tapping self-drilling nail; 28-weather resistant sealant; 29-stainless steel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention thereto.
The installation and construction of the curtain wall system in the embodiment is a reconstruction project, part of the main structure is an original building structure, the curtain wall is designed to be 'inverted in' and is installed between the high-precision steel ribs; the invention discloses a high-precision steel inclined curved surface curtain wall system installation method based on an intelligent lofting technology, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1: three-dimensional laser scanning and error analysis;
scanning a field main body structure through a three-dimensional laser scanner, and acquiring data to form a three-dimensional point cloud model; and (3) assembling the original main body structure model and the point cloud model formed by scanning, carrying out error analysis and data correction, extracting required data and establishing an actual contour line of the main body structure.
Step 2: building and optimizing a three-dimensional model of the curtain wall;
on the basis of an actual main structure model, drawing papers such as CAD (computer-aided design) plane-vertical surfaces, profiles and the like are guided into BIM (building information modeling) software, a three-dimensional model of the curtain wall is built, the three-dimensional model of the curtain wall is drawn in a layering mode, curtain wall keel components and surface layer skins are built, subdivided layers are formed according to the components, drawing is carried out according to construction accuracy, and finally the three-dimensional model of the integral curtain wall system is drawn.
And step 3: three-dimensional typesetting and ordering;
and importing the drawn three-dimensional model of the curtain wall system into rhinoceros software, performing three-dimensional curved surface plate typesetting, determining a typesetting drawing, drawing the lower sheet of the glass plate 6 and a three-dimensional processing drawing, and handing the lower sheet of the glass plate 6 to a factory for processing production, so that the working time is saved, and three-dimensional visualization is facilitated.
And 4, step 4: unifying point location information by adopting an intelligent lofting robot;
the method comprises the steps of establishing control point locations on site, calculating and correcting the control points, establishing a three-dimensional space coordinate system, restoring the site into a point cloud model through three-dimensional laser scanning, unifying the three-dimensional space coordinate system of the point cloud model and the three-dimensional model space coordinate system of a curtain wall system, extracting point location information required by sample placement in the curtain wall model from the three-dimensional model after unifying the space coordinate system, and directly performing point location conversion.
And 5: processing and manufacturing a high-precision steel rib;
as shown in fig. 2 to 6, the high-precision steel rib has an approximate fusiform overall section, is a combination of two rounded triangles and a square, has the straightness requirement of 0.5mm/m, and is coated with silver-white fluorocarbon paint on the surface; the high-precision steel rib comprises customized section steel A1 with the thickness of 8mm and customized section steel B2 with the thickness of 6mm, the customized section steel A1 is connected with the customized section steel B2 through a plurality of steel plate combined welding parts 7, and a notch for installing a glass plate 6 is formed between the customized section steel A1 and the customized section steel B2; the upper part and the middle upper part of the outer side of the customized section steel A1 are respectively welded with a connecting steel plate A3 with the thickness of 20mm and a customized steel pipe 4 with the wall thickness of 10mm in an equal strength mode, a bolt mounting hole is formed in the connecting steel plate A3, and two reinforcing steel plates A5 with the thickness of 8mm are further welded between the connecting steel plate A3 and the outer wall of the customized section steel A1; and the surfaces of the connecting steel plate A3, the customized steel pipe 4 and the reinforced steel plate A5 are sprayed with silver-white fluorocarbon paint.
Step 6: adjusting and rechecking the material;
as shown in fig. 2, the high-precision steel rib in this embodiment is a three-pivot fixing structure, that is, a three-pivot fixing structure including an upper pivot, a middle-upper pivot and a bottom pivot; coordinate information of three supporting points on the high-precision steel rib is extracted, field lofting synchronization is carried out, then size rechecking is carried out on main installation components such as the high-precision steel rib and the glass plate 6, and if deviation exists, field withdrawal processing is immediately required to avoid deviation of subsequent installation quality.
And 7: an upper support steel component for positioning and installing an upper fulcrum (a fixed hinge support is adopted as the upper fulcrum);
because no reference object is marked at high altitude, the embodiment adopts a temporary fixed reinforcing steel bar auxiliary positioning mark with the diameter of 8mm, firstly point location information of each upper support customized steel member is input into a lofting robot to carry out automatic lofting, infrared laser of the lofting robot is projected onto a positioning light blocking plate to obtain the distance between a bolt hole of the upper support steel member and a main structure, and then the short waste reinforcing steel bar is temporarily welded on the main structure to be used as a middle position determination reference of the bolt hole of the upper support steel member; then welding and fixing the upper support steel members, and accurately controlling recheck through the lofting robot to ensure that each upper support steel member passes through a measuring-resetting-determining process, namely four times of measurement, so that lofting point position error minimization control is realized, and finally forming measurement deviation records of all upper support steel member point positions;
as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 6, the upper bracket steel member includes two 16mm thick steel sheets B9 of parallel arrangement welded on the edge-sealing steel beam 8 of the main structure, all welded between steel sheets B9 and the edge-sealing steel beam 8 have two 8mm thick steel sheets B10 of strengthening, steel sheets B10 of strengthening are the right angled triangle structure, 112mm mounting holes are reserved on two steel sheets B9 midlines, a steel sheet A3 of connecting on follow-up and high accuracy steel rib is fixed and is adjusted, and 8mm thick square steel sheet C of strengthening has all been welded in this bolt mounting hole department.
And 8: hoisting the high-precision steel rib;
step 8.1: automatic lofting is carried out on the bottom supporting point of the high-precision steel rib through a lofting robot (provided with a VR helmet), and then a positioning line is directly popped out of the ground;
step 8.2: hoisting the high-precision steel rib by a crane, ensuring that the upper part of the high-precision steel rib moves to the position of the upper support steel member, inserting the connecting steel plate A3 at the upper part of the outer side of the customized section steel A1 between two connecting steel plates B9 of the upper support steel member as shown in figure 4, and connecting and fixing the connecting steel plates through an M30 bolt group;
step 8.3: fixing a fulcrum at the bottom of the high-precision steel rib: slowly adjusting a crane, and aligning the lower end of the high-precision steel rib to the position of the steel embedded plate 12 at a preset position through a suspension arm; then respectively sleeving a steel sleeve core 13 (subjected to surface hot-dip galvanizing treatment and 300mm in height) which is formed by welding and combining steel plates with the thickness of 12mm and has a trapezoidal section into the inner cavities of the customized section steel A1 and the customized section steel B2, and welding the bottom end of the steel sleeve core 13 and the steel embedded plate 12 together as shown in FIG. 6; and then slowly lowering the high-precision steel rib to ensure that the whole weight of the high-precision steel rib falls on the steel embedded plate 12 to meet the requirement of lower end stress.
And step 9: correcting and rechecking the high-precision steel rib;
after the initial fixed mounting of the high-precision steel ribs is completed, data are acquired through three-dimensional laser scanning, and the position of each high-precision steel rib is matched and collided with the position of the three-dimensional model, so that millimeter-level adjustment recheck is realized.
Step 10: the middle upper part is connected with a fulcrum;
according to the size information between the main structure and the middle upper fulcrum of the high-precision steel rib, the lower sheet and the lower sheet are subjected to scale and are handed to a factory, the middle support steel member for the middle upper fulcrum in the processing production is transported to the site, the main body structure and the high-precision steel rib are fixedly installed through a climbing vehicle, and after the installation is finished, whether the thermal deformation problem occurs due to welding and the like is judged through three-dimensional laser scanning comparison again;
as shown in fig. 2, 5 and 6, the middle support steel member comprises a surface hot-dip galvanized rectangular steel pipe a14 with the size of 20 × 150 × 6mm, one end of the rectangular steel pipe a14 is welded with a main structural steel beam 24, the other end of the rectangular steel pipe is welded with a square steel plate a15 with the thickness of 16mm, a square steel plate B16 with the thickness of 16mm is welded at the end part of the customized steel pipe 4 at the middle upper part in the outer side of the customized steel section A1 of the high-precision steel rib, the square steel plate a15 and the square steel plate B16 are connected through 4 groups of M24 stainless steel hexagon bolts, and two triangular reinforcing steel plates D17 with the thickness of 8mm are welded between the rectangular steel pipe a14 and the square steel plate a15 and between the customized steel pipe 4 and the square steel plate B16.
Step 11: mounting a glass bracket 18 and a bent U-shaped steel groove 19;
as shown in fig. 3, 7 and 8, the curtain wall with the oblique curved surface in the embodiment is designed in a crossbeam-free manner, and is installed between high-precision steel ribs by customizing an L110 × 110 × 10mm steel glass bracket 18, and the glass bracket 18 and the bent U-shaped steel groove 19 are both supporting pieces of a curtain wall glass plate 6, and the specific installation process is as follows:
dividing the glass plate block into 6 sizes to be positioned on the surface of the high-precision steel rib, drawing the position of the glass support 18, then customizing the corresponding position of the section steel A1 in the notch of the high-precision steel rib for perforating, and fixing the glass support 18 in the notch of the high-precision steel rib by using an M8 multiplied by 170 bolt group 11; a bent U-shaped steel groove 19 (surface hot dip galvanizing) with the thickness of 4mm is welded between the lower parts of the adjacent high-precision steel rib notches and is used for subsequently placing the glass plate 6 at the lowest row, a plurality of supporting rib plates 20 (with the distance of 500mm and the surface subjected to hot galvanizing treatment) with the thickness of 5mm are arranged at the lower part of the bent U-shaped steel groove 19, and the supporting rib plates 20 are welded with the bent U-shaped steel groove 19 and are fixedly connected with ground expansion bolts; the method comprises the steps that an aluminum plate with the thickness of 2mm is arranged at the splicing position of a bent U-shaped steel groove 19, a bent L-shaped steel piece 21 with the thickness of 8mm is welded on one side, inclined towards the indoor, of the bent U-shaped steel groove 19, the lower surface of the bent L-shaped steel piece 21 is fixedly connected with a ground expansion bolt, a stainless steel 29 with the thickness of 2mm is welded on one side, close to the outdoor, of the bent U-shaped steel groove 19, and the other end of the stainless steel 29 is fixed on the ground.
Step 12: installing a curtain wall glass plate 6;
the glass plate 6 is installed and carried by matching an automobile crane with a remote control type sucking disc vehicle, the glass plate 6 is installed by utilizing mechanical arms and manual cooperation, the glass plate 6 is installed by adopting an inclined installation process, one side of the glass plate 6 firstly enters the notch of the high-precision steel rib, the other side of the glass plate is placed into the two sides of the notch, then the position of the glass plate 6 is further adjusted, the lapping widths of the two sides of the glass plate 6 are consistent, the glass plate is slowly placed on a glass support 18 with a rubber gasket, the bottom of the glass plate 6 at the lowest row is ensured to be placed in a bent U-shaped steel groove 19, and the joint is sealed by adopting weather-resistant sealant 28; then placing the glass plate 6 into a rectangular steel tube B22 with the size of 50 multiplied by 40 multiplied by 2mm for limiting, and fixing by adopting a foam bar, a sealant 26 (used between the rectangular steel tube B22 and the glass plate 6) and a double-sided tape and a structural adhesive 25 (used between the customized section steel A1 and the glass plate 6).
Step 13: installing an aluminum profile trim strip 23;
as shown in fig. 3, a stainless steel self-tapping self-drilling nail 27 is used for fixing a pressing block of the aluminum section decorating strip 23 on the customized section steel A1 in the high-precision steel rib notch, then a cover plate of the aluminum section decorating strip 23 is fixed on the pressing block, a foam rod and sealant 26 are used for fixing and sealing between the aluminum section decorating strip 23 and the customized section steel B2 and between the aluminum section decorating strip 23 and the glass plate 6, and the aluminum section decorating strip 23 can plug a space reserved for installing the glass curtain wall without considering oblique insertion; and carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the surface of the pressing block and spraying fluorocarbon paint on the surface of the cover plate.
Step 14: after the glass plate 6 and the aluminum profile decorating strip 23 are installed, the gap is cleaned, glue injection work is completed within half an hour after the cleaning is completed, subsequent glue scraping is conducted to scrape the glue gap (or the concave surface) in the same direction, meanwhile, the curing time of the sealant 26 is needed to be noticed, and finally, the curtain wall cleaning work is conducted.
The model of the three-dimensional laser scanner is as-X330, the three-dimensional laser scanner is used for scanning and measuring civil structures and curtain wall upright post closed routes, point cloud splicing processing can be carried out on scanning data, a three-dimensional point cloud model of buildings and construction spaces is derived under the condition that point cloud splicing errors meet precision conditions, and a high-precision high-resolution digital model is obtained.
The model of the lofting robot is a full-automatic high-precision total station with a data collector and lofting software (RTS 771) and an MR virtual reality helmet worn by a Tianbao lofting robot, does not need an eyepiece, can directly use a handbook to operate, can lead in a two-dimensional and three-dimensional coordinate graph and a BIM model, and is used for automatic lofting of curtain wall high-precision steel support point positions through a handbook control instrument host.
The glass plate 6 is 12Low-E +12Ar +10+1.52pvb +10mm hollow super-white toughened laminated glass, the size and the weight of each glass plate are different, the largest area of the glass plate is 7 square meters, and the largest weight of the glass plate reaches 565kg.
The steel embedded plate 12 is embedded by a galvanized steel plate with the size of 400 multiplied by 16 mm.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-precision steel skew surface curtain wall system installation method based on an intelligent lofting technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: scanning a field main body structure by using a three-dimensional laser scanner to form a three-dimensional point cloud model, carrying out error analysis and data correction after the three-dimensional point cloud model and an original main body structure model are matched, and establishing an actual contour line of the main body structure;
and 2, step: establishing and optimizing a three-dimensional model of a curtain wall system, and then performing three-dimensional typesetting and ordering;
and step 3: unifying a three-dimensional space coordinate system of a point cloud model and a three-dimensional space coordinate system of a curtain wall system on the basis of an intelligent lofting robot and a three-dimensional laser scanner, and performing point location conversion;
and 4, step 4: processing and manufacturing a high-precision steel rib, extracting coordinate information of three supporting points on the high-precision steel rib, performing on-site lofting synchronization, and performing size rechecking on a main installation part;
and 5: an upper support steel member is arranged on the edge sealing steel beam (8) of the main structure;
step 6: hoisting the high-precision steel rib, connecting an upper fulcrum of the high-precision steel rib with an upper support steel member, fixing a bottom fulcrum of the high-precision steel rib, and finally correcting and rechecking the position;
and 7: mounting a middle support steel member on the main structure steel beam (24), and then connecting a middle upper support point of the high-precision steel rib with the middle support steel member;
and 8: a glass support (18) for bearing a curtain wall glass plate (6) and a bent U-shaped steel groove (19) are arranged on the high-precision steel rib;
and step 9: hoisting and placing the glass plate (6);
step 10: mounting an aluminum profile trim strip (23);
step 11: after the glass plate (6) and the aluminum profile decorating strip (23) are installed, the gap is cleaned, glue injection work is completed within half an hour after the cleaning is completed, and finally the curtain wall is cleaned.
2. The method for installing the high-precision steel skew-curved curtain wall system based on the intelligent lofting technology according to claim 1, wherein the high-precision steel ribs in the step 4 are approximately fusiform in overall section and are formed by combining two rounded triangles and one square; the high-precision steel rib comprises customized section steel A (1) and customized section steel B (2), the customized section steel A (1) and the customized section steel B (2) are connected through a plurality of steel plate combined welding pieces (7), and the upper part and the middle upper part of the outer side of the customized section steel A (1) are respectively welded with a connecting steel plate A (3) and a customized steel pipe (4) in an equal-strength mode.
3. The intelligent lofting technology-based high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system installation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
firstly, point location information of each upper support steel member is input into a lofting robot to carry out automatic lofting, infrared laser of the lofting robot is projected onto a positioning light-blocking board to obtain the distance between a bolt hole of the upper support steel member and a main structure, and then the upper support steel member is temporarily welded onto the main structure by using a short-cut waste steel bar to serve as a positioning reference of the upper support steel member; and then, the upper support steel members are welded and fixed on the edge banding steel beam (8), and rechecked by a lofting robot, so that each upper support steel member is ensured to pass through four measurement processes of measurement-resetting-determining, and measurement deviation records of all upper support steel member point positions are formed.
4. The method for installing the high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system based on the intelligent lofting technology according to claim 3, wherein the upper support steel member comprises two parallel connecting steel plates B (9) welded on the edge-sealing steel beam (8), mounting holes are reserved on the center lines of the two connecting steel plates B (9), and two right-angled triangular reinforcing steel plates B (10) are welded between the connecting steel plates B (9) and the edge-sealing steel beam (8).
5. The method for installing the high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system based on the intelligent lofting technology according to claim 4, wherein the specific process of the step 6 is as follows:
step 8.1: carrying out automatic lofting on a bottom fulcrum of the high-precision steel rib by a lofting robot matched with a VR helmet, and then popping out a positioning line on the ground;
step 8.2: hoisting the high-precision steel rib by a crane, moving the upper part of the high-precision steel rib to the position of the upper support steel member, inserting the connecting steel plate A (3) between two connecting steel plates B (9) of the upper support steel member, and connecting the connecting steel plates through bolt groups;
step 8.3: slowly adjusting a crane, aligning the lower end of the high-precision steel rib to a steel embedded plate (12) at a preset position through a suspension arm, then sleeving a steel sleeve core (13) into the inner cavities of the customized section steel A (1) and the customized section steel B (2), welding the bottom end of the steel sleeve core (13) with the steel embedded plate (12), and then slowly lowering the high-precision steel rib to enable the whole weight of the high-precision steel rib to fall onto the steel embedded plate (12);
step 8.4: and (3) acquiring data through three-dimensional laser scanning, performing fitting collision on the position of each high-precision steel rib and the position of the three-dimensional model, and performing millimeter-level adjustment recheck.
6. The intelligent lofting technology-based high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system installation method is characterized in that in the step 7, the middle support steel component comprises a rectangular steel pipe A (14), one end of the rectangular steel pipe A (14) is welded with the main structural steel beam (24), the other end of the rectangular steel pipe A (14) is welded with a square steel plate A (15), the end part of the customized steel pipe (4) is welded with a square steel plate B (16), and the square steel plate A (16) is connected with the square steel plate B (16) through multiple groups of stainless steel hexagon head bolts; triangular reinforcing steel plates D (17) are welded between the rectangular steel tube A (14) and the square steel plate A (15) and between the customized steel tube (4) and the square steel plate B (16).
7. The intelligent lofting technology-based high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system installation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific process of the step 8 is as follows:
firstly, dividing the glass plate (6) according to the size and positioning on the surface of the high-precision steel rib, drawing the position of a glass support (18), then customizing the corresponding position of the section steel A (1) in the notch of the high-precision steel rib for perforating, and fixing the glass support (18) in the notch of the high-precision steel rib by using a bolt group;
a bent U-shaped steel groove (19) is welded between the lower parts of the notches of the adjacent high-precision steel ribs, a plurality of support rib plates (20) are arranged on the lower parts of the bent U-shaped steel grooves (19), and the support rib plates (20) are welded with the bent U-shaped steel grooves (19) and fixedly connected with ground expansion bolts; the aluminum plate is arranged at the splicing position of the bent U-shaped steel groove (19), a bent L-shaped steel piece (21) is welded on one side, inclined towards the indoor, of the bent U-shaped steel groove (19), the lower surface of the bent L-shaped steel piece (21) is fixedly connected with the ground expansion bolt, stainless steel (29) is welded on one side, close to the outdoor, of the bent U-shaped steel groove (19), and the other end of the stainless steel (29) is fixed on the ground.
8. The method for installing the high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system based on the intelligent lofting technology according to claim 7, wherein the specific process of the step 9 is as follows:
the glass plate (6) is installed and carried by matching a truck crane with a remote control type sucking disc vehicle, the glass plate (6) is installed by utilizing mechanical arms and manual cooperation, the glass plate (6) is installed by adopting an inclined installation process, one side of the glass plate (6) firstly enters a notch of a high-precision steel rib, the other side of the glass plate is placed to two sides of the notch and is completely put into the notches, the glass plate (6) is further adjusted and then is slowly placed on a glass support (18) with a rubber gasket, the bottom of the glass plate (6) at the lowest row is ensured to be placed in a bent U-shaped steel groove (19), and a seam is sealed by adopting weather-resistant sealant (28); then placing the rectangular steel tube B (22) to limit the glass plate (6), and further fixing and sealing the rectangular steel tube B (22) and the glass plate (6) by adopting a foam rod, a sealant (26), double-sided paste and a structural adhesive (25).
9. The method for installing the high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system based on the intelligent lofting technology according to claim 8, wherein the specific process of the step 10 is as follows:
a pressing block of the aluminum profile trim strip (23) is fixed on the customized section steel A (1) in the high-precision steel rib notch by using stainless steel self-tapping self-drilling nails (27), then a cover plate of the aluminum profile trim strip (23) is fixed on the pressing block, and a foam rod and sealant (26) are used for fixing and sealing between the aluminum profile trim strip (23) and the customized section steel B (2) and between the aluminum profile trim strip (23) and the glass plate (6).
10. The intelligent lofting technology-based high-precision steel skew-surface curtain wall system installation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein a reinforced steel plate A (5) is welded between the connecting steel plate A (3) and the outer wall of the customized section steel A (1), and silver-white fluorocarbon paint is sprayed on the surfaces of the high-precision steel rib, the connecting steel plate A (3), the customized steel pipe (4) and the reinforced steel plate A (5).
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