CN115584452A - Anti-deformation and shape-correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy casting and application - Google Patents
Anti-deformation and shape-correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy casting and application Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-deformation and shape-correcting device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting and application, belonging to the technical field of preparation of aluminum alloy castings, and comprising a supporting base and a rotary structure, wherein the whole rotary structure is provided with a cross beam in an inner cavity, and the cross beam divides the supporting base into four fan-shaped operating windows; the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support is arranged on one cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner; the Y-direction screw rod bidirectional feeding support is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner; and the workpiece fixing mechanisms are arranged on the at least two corresponding fan-shaped operation windows. The invention effectively reduces the deformation phenomenon of the aluminum alloy casting caused by overlarge internal stress in the heat treatment quenching process, ensures the structural size of the casting end frame, ensures the integral stability of the aluminum alloy casting, and can carry out shape correction treatment on the local deformation of the aluminum alloy casting after the heat treatment to obtain the qualified casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting preparation, and particularly relates to an anti-deformation and shape-correcting device for aluminum alloy casting heat treatment and application thereof.
Background
Along with the development of aerospace science and technology, the application of aluminum alloy is more and more extensive, and especially cast aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small volume and mass, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good cutting processing performance and the like, and plays an important role in mass production. In order to further improve the performance index of the cast aluminum alloy, the cast aluminum alloy is finally subjected to heat treatment processes such as solution treatment, time efficiency and the like to obtain the required mechanical properties. Because large aluminum alloy castings are large in size, uneven in wall thickness and complex in shape, heat treatment of the large aluminum alloy castings is special and complex, uncontrollable factors are increased, and heat treatment defects such as unqualified mechanical properties, deformation and cracks are easily caused. Under the existing equipment and process conditions, the heat treatment qualification rate of large aluminum alloy castings is always in a low position, wherein the out-of-tolerance of parts caused by heat treatment deformation accounts for a large part of the proportion. At present, in order to solve the problem of excessive deformation of aluminum alloy castings during heat treatment, the heating process is generally controlled: in the heating and temperature rising process of the part, the surface temperature rising is fast, the core temperature rising is slow, and the surface temperature difference and the core temperature difference exist, namely the thermal stress exists; the faster the heating speed, the larger the temperature difference, and the larger the generated thermal stress, so that the heating rate can be reduced to reduce the heating speed and the thermal stress when the part is heated, and the deformation of the part when the part is heated can be effectively reduced. For parts with small size and simple shape, the heating speed has little influence on the deformation of the parts, and the temperature can be directly raised to the specified heating temperature technically, and the heating speed is determined by the heating capacity of the equipment; however, in the case of large aluminum alloy castings, since the dimensional change is large and the shape is complicated, the influence of the heating rate on the deformation of the parts is remarkable, and it is necessary to control the heating process of the solution treatment in order to reduce the thermal stress generated during heating.
At present, the following specific measures are taken for preventing the heat treatment deformation of large aluminum alloy castings: controlling the heating speed, increasing the isothermal stage, controlling the charging temperature of the part, controlling in the quenching process and correcting the part. Specifically, under the condition that the equipment condition is met, the temperature rise rate, especially the rate of a high-temperature section, is reduced, so that the temperatures of the surface and the core of the casting tend to be consistent; by adding the isothermal stage, the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the part in the heating process is effectively reduced, so that the deformation is favorably reduced; during continuous production, if the next furnace part enters the furnace immediately after the quenching of the one furnace part in the solution treatment of the aluminum alloy, the temperature in the furnace is actually very high, which is unfavorable for controlling the heating speed, so the charging temperature needs to be controlled, and is generally controlled to be less than 300 ℃; for the solution treatment of cast aluminum alloy, the cooling speed is faster during quenching and cooling, the generated thermal stress is larger, the part is easy to deform, the cooling speed is properly reduced on the premise of ensuring that a second phase is not precipitated in the cooling process, and the deformation of the part can be effectively reduced, because the solution treatment of the cast aluminum alloy usually adopts water as a cooling medium, and the cooling capacity of the water can be adjusted through the water temperature, the purpose of controlling the cooling speed is achieved, along with the increase of the temperature, the cooling capacity of the water is rapidly reduced, the water temperature is regulated to be 60-100 ℃ on the general standard, the influence of the water temperature on the cooling speed is required to be considered for large aluminum alloy castings and strictly controlled, the water temperature is increased to reduce the quenching and cooling speed on the premise of ensuring the cooling effect, the cooling deformation of the part is reduced, and the water temperature is properly increased according to the actual conditions of the castings, such as the shapes of the parts, the material marks and the like; the correction is an effective means for eliminating and reducing part deformation, because of the structural limitation of parts, not all parts are suitable for correction, some parts can be corrected, and some parts can not be corrected, and for the parts which can be corrected, if the heat treatment deformation can still not meet the machining requirement, the characteristics of low strength and good plasticity of the cast aluminum alloy after the solution treatment and before the artificial aging can be utilized for correction, such as the correction by adopting methods of jack expansion, heavy object extrusion and the like. The solution is a conventional measure for preventing the heat treatment deformation of the large casting at present, but the deformation problem of the shell in the heat treatment process cannot be effectively and completely solved.
The Chinese patent CN108823517A discloses a conformal micro-constraint rigid supporting device for controlling deformation of a thin-wall aluminum alloy casting and a heat treatment method thereof. The device arranged in the above way can form multi-point uniformly distributed micro-constraint rigid supports for the inner cavity of the casting, and can effectively reduce the deformation in the high direction and the circumferential direction in the casting treatment process through the support of the bottom tray to the casting; and (4) carrying out local shape correction by adjusting the feeding amount of the supporting bolt to obtain a qualified casting.
However, the shape-following micro-constraint rigid supporting device for controlling the deformation of the thin-wall aluminum alloy casting is realized by adjusting the feeding amount of the supporting bolt arranged on the adjusting device when the local shape correction is carried out, the operation is complicated, and the accurate shape correction treatment cannot be carried out on the deformation generated at the position where the supporting bolt is not arranged.
Disclosure of Invention
The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more concise and understandable description of the invention.
The invention provides an anti-deformation and shape-correcting device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting and a using method thereof, which can effectively reduce the deformation phenomenon of the aluminum alloy casting caused by overlarge internal stress in the heat treatment quenching process, ensure the structural size of an end frame of the casting, ensure the integral stability of the aluminum alloy casting, and carry out shape correction treatment on the local deformation of the aluminum alloy casting to obtain a qualified casting.
The invention discloses an anti-deformation and anti-deformation device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting, which comprises a supporting base and a rotary structure, wherein the whole rotary structure is provided with a cross beam in an inner cavity, and the cross beam divides the supporting base into four fan-shaped operation windows; the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support is arranged on one cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner; the Y-direction screw rod bidirectional feeding support is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner; and the workpiece fixing mechanisms are arranged on the at least two corresponding fan-shaped operation windows.
In some embodiments, the cross beam further comprises an operation window disposed at the cross beam intersection; the first dovetail groove is arranged on one cross beam of the cross beams; and the second dovetail groove is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross-shaped cross beam.
In some embodiments, there are two unidirectional feeding supports for the X-direction gears, the two unidirectional feeding supports for the X-direction gears are symmetrically disposed in the two first dovetail grooves on the cross beam, and each unidirectional feeding support for the X-direction gears further includes a first dovetail slider slidably disposed on the first dovetail groove; the first arc-shaped support is arranged at one end of the first dovetail sliding block; the gear groove is arranged on the first dovetail slide block; the gear type bolt is arranged on the gear groove; and the top nut is arranged on the gear type bolt.
In some embodiments, the Y-direction screw bidirectional-feeding support is a symmetrical structure, and the Y-direction screw bidirectional-feeding support further includes two second dovetail sliders, which are slidably disposed on the second dovetail grooves, respectively; the two second arc supports are respectively arranged at one end of each of the two second dovetail slide blocks; the two rectangular feeding blocks are respectively and fixedly arranged on the upper end surfaces of the two second dovetail slide blocks; the two ends of the screw rod are respectively connected with the two rectangular feeding blocks; the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support is arranged on the second dovetail groove in a symmetrical structure relative to the lug.
In some embodiments, the workpiece fixing mechanism further comprises an anti-rotation baffle plate, which is rotatably arranged on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window; and the fixed pressing plate is arranged on the outer end face of the fan-shaped operation window.
In some embodiments, the cross beam further includes a mounting boss disposed on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operating window, and the anti-rotation baffle and the fixed pressure plate are disposed on the inner cavity surface and the outer end surface of the mounting boss, respectively.
In some embodiments, the anti-rotation baffle further comprises a baffle plate arranged on the inner cavity surface of the mounting boss; and the positioning pin column is arranged on the baffle plate, penetrates through the baffle plate and is arranged on the inner cavity surface of the mounting boss.
In some embodiments, the fixed pressing plate further comprises a pressing plate arranged on the outer end face of the mounting boss; and the bolt is arranged on the pressure plate, penetrates through the pressure plate and is arranged on the outer end face of the mounting boss.
On the other hand, the invention discloses a method for resisting deformation by applying the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resisting and correcting device listed in any embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
fixing the aluminum alloy casting: horizontally hoisting an aluminum alloy casting, enabling the upper end surface of the supporting base to be tightly attached to the bottom end surface of the aluminum alloy casting, and respectively adjusting the positions of the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support and the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support to enable the outer end surfaces of the first arc-shaped support and the second arc-shaped support to be slightly smaller than the inner opening part of the aluminum alloy casting; rotating the bolt to enable the pressing plate to press a flange surface in the end surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell, and rotating the anti-rotation baffle to enable the baffle to be buckled on the pressing plate; screwing the gear type bolt and the lug tightly to enable the torque of the gear type bolt and the torque of the lug to reach 30-40 Nm;
a heat treatment step: and carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the aluminum alloy casting and the anti-deformation and shape correction device for the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises a shaping step, and the shaping step further comprises:
and (3) measuring: measuring the bottom end inner diameter size of the aluminum alloy casting obtained by cooling after the heat treatment step;
a position correction step: for the deformation of a certain position after measurement, the gear in the X direction is fed in one direction and supported to face the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the rotation cycle number of the gear type bolt is adjusted according to the measured deformation to correct the shape;
and/or a symmetrical position correction step: for the deformation of the symmetrical position after measurement, the arc-shaped supporting surface of the Y-direction screw rod bidirectional feeding support is opposite to the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the screw rod is twisted according to the measured deformation for correction;
and/or a plurality of position correction steps: and for the deformation of a plurality of positions after measurement, combining the position correction step and the symmetrical position correction step to perform compound correction for a plurality of times until the size requirement is met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an anti-deformation and shape-correcting device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting, which can effectively reduce the deformation phenomenon of the aluminum alloy casting caused by overlarge internal stress in the heat treatment quenching process, ensure the structural size of a casting end frame, ensure the integral stability of the aluminum alloy casting, and perform shape correction treatment on the local deformation of the aluminum alloy casting to obtain a qualified casting; the invention also provides a method for resisting deformation and correcting by applying the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resisting and correcting device, which is simple to operate, improves the deformation resisting capability of the aluminum alloy casting, and effectively controls the deformation problem of the aluminum alloy casting shell in the heat treatment process; and the deformed shell can be locally and accurately corrected to obtain a qualified aluminum alloy casting.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for heat treatment deformation resistance and shape correction of an aluminum alloy casting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an apparatus for heat treatment deformation resistance and alignment of aluminum alloy castings according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a supporting base of the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and shape correction device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an X-direction gear unidirectional feed support of the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and correction device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of a Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support of the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment anti-deformation and shape correction device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an anti-rotation baffle of the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment anti-deformation and shape correction device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed pressing plate of a heat treatment deformation and shape correction device for aluminum alloy castings according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of the drawings: 1. the device comprises a supporting base, 11, a cross beam, 111, a square operating window, 112, a first dovetail groove, 113, a second dovetail groove, 12, a fan-shaped operating window, 13 and an installation boss; 2. the X-direction gear unidirectional feed support comprises an X-direction gear unidirectional feed support 21, a first dovetail slide block 22, a first arc support 23, a gear groove 24, a gear type bolt 25 and a top nut; 3. a Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support 31, a second dovetail slide block 32, a second arc support 33, a rectangular feeding block 34, a screw 35 and a bump; 41. anti-rotation baffle 411, baffle 412, locating pin 42, fixed pressing plate 421, pressing plate 422 and bolt.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments provided by the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the invention, from which it is possible for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, to apply the invention also in other similar contexts. Moreover, it should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is to be expressly and implicitly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments of the present invention may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (including a reference to the context of the specification and claims) are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way, and may be construed in any way. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," "has," "having," and any variations thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. References to "connected," "coupled," and the like in the present disclosure are not to be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The term "plurality" as used herein means two or more. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as referred to herein, merely distinguish similar objects and do not denote a particular ordering for the objects.
The embodiment of the invention provides an anti-deformation and correction device for heat treatment of an aluminum alloy casting and application thereof, and particularly relates to an anti-deformation and correction device for a revolving body aluminum alloy structural member in a heat treatment process and application thereof, wherein fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-deformation and correction device for the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting according to the embodiment of the invention. With reference to fig. 1, the device comprises at least: a supporting base 1, an X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support 2, a Y-direction lead screw bidirectional feeding support 3 and a workpiece fixing mechanism. Referring to fig. 3, the support base 1 is a rotary structure with a cross beam 11 in an inner cavity, an operation window 111 is arranged at a cross part of the cross beam 11, and the operation window 111 is preferably a square structure; the cross beam 11 divides the support base 1 into four fan-shaped operation windows 12, and the arc-shaped inner cavity surfaces of at least two opposite fan-shaped operation windows 12 are provided with mounting bosses 13; one cross beam of the cross beams 11 is provided with a first dovetail groove 112, and the other cross beam is provided with a second dovetail groove 113; the bottom of the first dovetail groove 112 is provided with a through hole for mounting, and the mounting boss 13 is provided with a through hole for fixing.
Referring to fig. 4, the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support 2 is slidably disposed on one of the cross beams 11 for ensuring the structural dimension stability of the aluminum alloy casting in the X direction. The one-way support 2 quantity that feeds of X direction gear is two, two the one-way support symmetry that feeds of X direction gear set up in two on the crossbeam in the first dovetail, each one-way support 2 that feeds of X direction gear is including sliding the first dovetail slider 21 that sets up on first dovetail 112, sets up in the first arc support 22 of first dovetail slider 21 one end, sets up the gear groove 23 on first dovetail slider 21, installs the gear bolt 24 on gear groove 23 to and install the top nut 25 on gear bolt 24. The gear groove 23 is preferably of an oval structure and is arranged in the middle of the first dovetail slide block 21; the gear bolt 24 is mounted on the gear groove 23 through the top nut 25, and the gear bolt 24 is twisted by a wrench to realize the feeding of the X-direction gear one-way feeding support 2.
Referring to fig. 5, the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support 3 is a symmetrical structure, and is slidably disposed on the other cross beam of the cross beam 11, and the square protrusion 35 is twisted by a wrench to realize feeding. The Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support 3 comprises two second dovetail sliders 31 respectively arranged on the second dovetail grooves 113 in a sliding mode, two second arc-shaped supports 32 respectively arranged at one ends of the two second dovetail sliders 31, two rectangular feeding blocks 33 respectively fixedly arranged on the upper end faces of the two second dovetail sliders 31, a screw 34 with two ends respectively connected with the two rectangular feeding blocks 33, and a square bump 35 arranged in the middle of the screw 34 and corresponding to an operation window arranged at the cross position of the cross beam, wherein the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support is arranged on the second dovetail grooves in a symmetrical structure relative to the bumps. The rectangular feeding block 33 is provided with a Y-direction threaded hole, and the lead screw 34 is connected with the rectangular feeding block 33 through a gear thread; the square bump 35 is twisted by a wrench, so that the feed of the Y-direction screw bidirectional feed support 3 is realized.
The workpiece fixing mechanism of the embodiment of the invention further comprises an anti-rotation baffle 41 which is rotatably arranged on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window 12 and a fixed pressure plate 42 which is arranged on the outer end surface of the fan-shaped operation window 12. Referring to fig. 6, the rotation-preventing baffle 41 further includes a baffle 411 disposed on the inner cavity surface of the mounting boss 13 and a positioning pin 412 disposed on the baffle 411, and the baffle 411 is rotated by the positioning pin 412. The baffle 411 is of a rectangular structure, a positioning round hole is formed in the baffle 411, and the positioning pin 412 sequentially penetrates through the positioning round hole and a through hole in the inner cavity surface of the mounting boss 13 to compress and fix the baffle 411 and the inner cavity surface of the mounting boss 13. Referring to fig. 7, the fixed pressing plate 42 further includes a pressing plate 421 disposed on the outer end surface of the mounting boss 13, and a bolt 422 disposed on the pressing plate 421, wherein the pressing plate 421 has a rectangular structure, and a threaded hole is disposed on the pressing plate 421, and the bolt 422 sequentially passes through the threaded hole and the through hole on the outer end surface of the mounting boss 13, so as to press the pressing plate 421 against the outer end surface of the mounting boss 13.
The anti-deformation and correction device for the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting ensures the structural size of the casting end frame in the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy casting, prevents the deformation phenomenon caused by overlarge internal stress in the quenching process, ensures the integral stability and the structural size of the aluminum alloy casting, has the correction capability of a deformation shell, and is particularly suitable for the anti-deformation and the partial correction of the end part of a rotary aluminum alloy casting. Before the rotary aluminum alloy casting is subjected to heat treatment, an inner diameter micrometer or a vernier caliper is used for respectively measuring the inner diameter size which is equally divided into four positions with the same height in the same direction, the deformation condition of the aluminum alloy casting shell is judged according to the measurement result, and the deformation of the aluminum alloy casting shell before the heat treatment is carried out is very small; in the quenching process, the casting has large size, uneven wall thickness and complex shape, the temperature gradient between the aluminum alloy casting and the quenching medium is large, and internal stresses such as thermal stress, structural stress and the like are caused by various factors such as structural phase change and the like, so that the aluminum alloy casting is easy to deform and even scrap.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preventing the aluminum alloy casting from deforming and a deformation correcting device for heat treatment, which is enumerated by any one of the above embodiments, and the method comprises the steps of fixing the aluminum alloy casting and heat treatment, specifically, the aluminum alloy casting is lifted by a tool such as a crane sling and the like, so that the aluminum alloy casting shell is horizontally placed, and the flange surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell is ensured to have an operable space; the upper end face of the support base 1 is tightly attached to the bottom end face of the aluminum alloy casting, and the positions of the X-direction gear unidirectional feed support 2 and the Y-direction screw bidirectional feed support 3 are respectively adjusted to enable the outer end faces of the first arc-shaped support 22 and the second arc-shaped support 32 to be slightly smaller than the inner opening of the aluminum alloy casting; the bolt 422 is rotated to enable the pressure plate 421 to press the flange surface in the end surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell, the anti-rotation baffle 41 is rotated to enable the baffle 411 to rotate to just clamp the pressure plate 421, and the pressure plate 421 is ensured not to rotate and fall off when the shell flange is pressed; respectively screwing the gear type bolts 24 from the end faces of counter bores of nuts 25 on the top of the back of the support base 1 by using a torque socket wrench until the torque reaches 30-40 Nm; then a torque wrench is used for clamping the lug 35 from the operation window 111 at the back of the supporting base 1 until the torque reaches 30-40 Nm; and (3) carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the aluminum alloy casting and the anti-deformation and correction device for the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting, and taking down the anti-deformation and correction device for the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy casting after the aluminum alloy casting is cooled to room temperature after the heat treatment is finished.
Because the aluminum alloy casting has one deformation, two symmetrical deformation or a plurality of deformation after heat treatment, the method for deformation resistance of the heat treatment deformation resistance and correction device of the aluminum alloy casting further comprises a deformation correction step, and the deformation correction treatment is carried out on the deformation position of the aluminum alloy casting after the heat treatment. The shape correcting step further comprises a measuring step, and/or a position correcting step, and/or a symmetrical position correcting step, and/or a plurality of position correcting steps, specifically, an inner diameter micrometer or a vernier caliper is adopted to respectively measure the inner diameter sizes of the aluminum alloy casting at the same height positions in four directions, and the comparison analysis is carried out on the inner diameter sizes and the casting graph according to the size detection result; for a certain deformation, the gear in the X direction is fed in one way to support 2 to be opposite to the deformation position, after the aluminum alloy casting is fastened according to the fixing step of the aluminum alloy casting, a socket wrench is used for tightly twisting the gear type bolt 24 from the back of the support base 1, a certain number of gear pitch sizes are outwards supported along the deformation direction after the gear type bolt 24 rotates for one circle, the number of the rotation circles of the gear type bolt 24 is adjusted according to the measured deformation, and local shape correction is carried out to obtain a qualified casting; for the deformation of two symmetrical positions, the second arc-shaped supporting surface 32 is opposite to the deformation position, after the aluminum alloy casting is fastened according to the fixing step of the aluminum alloy casting, a spanner is used for clamping the lug 35 from the square operating window 111 at the back of the supporting base 1, the screw rod 34 is twisted according to the measured deformation, the screw pitch size of the screw rod is outwards supported along two deformation directions when the screw rod 34 rotates for one circle, the number of the rotation circles of the lug 35 is adjusted according to the measured deformation, and the local shape correction is carried out to obtain a qualified casting; and for the deformation at multiple positions, combining the one-position shape correction step and the symmetrical position shape correction step for multiple composite shape correction to obtain the qualified casting.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an aluminum alloy casting heat treatment resistance to deformation and school shape device which characterized in that: comprises that
The supporting base is of a rotary structure with an inner cavity provided with a cross beam on the whole, and the cross beam divides the supporting base into four fan-shaped operating windows;
the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support is arranged on one cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner;
the Y-direction screw rod bidirectional feeding support is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam in a sliding manner;
and the workpiece fixing mechanisms are arranged on the at least two corresponding fan-shaped operation windows.
2. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and deformation resistant apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the cross beam further comprises
The operation window is arranged at the cross part of the cross beam;
the first dovetail groove is arranged on one cross beam of the cross beam;
and the second dovetail groove is arranged on the other cross beam of the cross beam.
3. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and deformation resistant apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support is symmetrically arranged in the two first dovetail grooves on the cross beam, and each X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support further comprises
The first dovetail sliding block is arranged on the first dovetail groove in a sliding mode;
the first arc-shaped support is arranged at one end of the first dovetail sliding block;
the gear groove is arranged on the first dovetail slide block;
the gear type bolt is arranged on the gear groove;
and the top nut is arranged on the gear type bolt.
4. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and shape correction device of claim 2, wherein: the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support is of a symmetrical structure and further comprises
The second dovetail slide blocks are respectively arranged on the second dovetail grooves in a sliding manner;
the two second arc supports are respectively arranged at one end of each of the two second dovetail slide blocks;
the two rectangular feeding blocks are respectively and fixedly arranged on the upper end surfaces of the two second dovetail sliding blocks;
the two ends of the screw rod are respectively connected with the two rectangular feeding blocks;
and the projection is arranged in the middle of the screw rod and corresponds to the operation window at the cross part of the cross beam, and the Y-direction screw rod bidirectional feeding support is arranged on the second dovetail groove in a symmetrical structure relative to the projection.
5. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and deformation resistant apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the workpiece fixing mechanism further comprises
The anti-rotation baffle is rotatably arranged on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window;
and the fixed pressing plate is arranged on the outer end face of the fan-shaped operation window.
6. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and deformation resistant apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the cross beam further comprises
The installation boss is arranged on the arc-shaped inner cavity surface of the fan-shaped operation window, and the anti-rotation baffle and the fixed pressing plate are respectively arranged on the inner cavity surface and the outer end surface of the installation boss.
7. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and deformation resistant apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the anti-rotation baffle further comprises
The baffle is arranged on the inner cavity surface of the mounting boss;
and the positioning pin column is arranged on the baffle plate and penetrates through the baffle plate to be arranged on the inner cavity surface of the mounting boss.
8. The aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and deformation resistant apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the fixed pressing plate further comprises
The pressing plate is arranged on the outer end face of the mounting boss;
and the bolt is arranged on the pressure plate, penetrates through the pressure plate and is arranged on the outer end face of the mounting boss.
9. A method of applying the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation resistance and correction device deformation resistance of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
fixing the aluminum alloy casting: horizontally hoisting an aluminum alloy casting, enabling the upper end surface of the supporting base to be tightly attached to the bottom end surface of the aluminum alloy casting, and respectively adjusting the positions of the X-direction gear unidirectional feeding support and the Y-direction screw bidirectional feeding support to enable the outer end surfaces of the first arc-shaped support and the second arc-shaped support to be slightly smaller than the inner opening part of the aluminum alloy casting; rotating the bolt to enable the pressing plate to press a flange surface in the end surface of the aluminum alloy casting shell, and rotating the anti-rotation baffle to enable the baffle to be buckled on the pressing plate; screwing the gear type bolt and the lug tightly to enable the torque of the gear type bolt and the torque of the lug to reach 30-40 Nm;
and (3) a heat treatment step: and carrying out solid solution and aging treatment on the aluminum alloy casting and the aluminum alloy casting together with the anti-deformation and shape correction device for the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting.
10. The method of claim 9, in which the aluminum alloy casting heat treatment deformation and deformation resisting and correcting device of any one of claims 1 to 8 is applied, wherein: also comprises a shaping step, wherein the shaping step further comprises
A measurement step: measuring the bottom end inner diameter size of the aluminum alloy casting obtained by cooling after the heat treatment step;
a position correction step: for the deformation of a certain position after measurement, the gear in the X direction is fed in one direction and supported to face the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the rotation cycle number of the gear type bolt is adjusted according to the measured deformation to correct the shape;
and/or the symmetrical position correction step: for the deformation of the symmetrical position after measurement, the arc-shaped supporting surface of the Y-direction lead screw bidirectional feeding support is opposite to the deformation position, the aluminum alloy casting is fixed according to the aluminum alloy casting fixing step, and the lead screw is twisted according to the measured deformation for correction;
and/or a plurality of position correction steps: and for the deformation of a plurality of positions after measurement, combining the position correction step and the symmetrical position correction step to perform compound correction for a plurality of times until the size requirement is met.
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| CN202211344237.2A CN115584452B (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Anti-deformation and shape correcting device for heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings and application thereof |
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