CN115584402B - Self-driven electrochemical device and method for extracting uranium and recycling electric energy and application of self-driven electrochemical device and method - Google Patents
Self-driven electrochemical device and method for extracting uranium and recycling electric energy and application of self-driven electrochemical device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);uranium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[U+4] OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[U]=O FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 uranyl ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001872 Spider silk Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SFZULDYEOVSIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl321317 Chemical group C1=CC(C(=N)NO)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(=N)NO)O1 SFZULDYEOVSIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B60/00—Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals
- C22B60/02—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
- C22B60/0204—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium
- C22B60/0217—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes
- C22B60/0252—Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides obtaining uranium by wet processes treatment or purification of solutions or of liquors or of slurries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46176—Galvanic cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/006—Radioactive compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-driven electrochemical device for extracting uranium and recovering electric energy, a method and application thereof, wherein the device comprises an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by an anion exchange membrane, an anode and a cathode are respectively arranged in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, the anode adopts zero-valent iron, the cathode adopts an inert electrode, and the anode and the cathode are connected by a wire. The U extraction-recovery process does not need energy input, solves the problem that the uranium extraction by an electroreduction method depends on electric energy consumption, realizes the net electric energy production, saves the extraction cost, simplifies the operation difficulty, and does not need an expensive solid-liquid separation process to recover the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cores, in particular to a self-driven electrochemical device and method for extracting uranium and recovering electric energy and application thereof.
Background
Nuclear energy is a clean and efficient low-carbon energy source, and uranium (U) is an important resource from which the nuclear energy industry is based. With the rapid expansion of the nuclear industry, the public has raised concerns about the sustainability of the nuclear industry. On the one hand, with the rapid development of nuclear energy, the demand of uranium resources in the nuclear energy industry is increasing. On the other hand, a great amount of uranium is released into the environment in a series of nuclear industrial activities such as uranium mining, uranium ore processing, nuclear power plant operation and the like, which threatens ecological safety and human health. Therefore, the recovery of uranium from uranium mine tailing seepage water is of great significance. In addition, the seawater contains abundant uranium resources, and the global seawater contains thousands of times of uranium resources of land reserves, so that the extraction of uranium from the seawater is also a potential effective means for supplementing uranium resource supply.
At present, the main way of extracting uranium is a physicochemical adsorption method, for example, patent CN201910580843 proposes a preparation method of a recombinant spider silk protein fiber material for extracting uranium from seawater, and patent CN202011226973 proposes an antibacterial adhesion type fiber uranium extraction material and a preparation method thereof, but in the physicochemical adsorption process, the uranium extraction capacity is limited by the number of active sites of an adsorbent. The number of active sites on the adsorbent will continue to decrease as adsorption proceeds and the positively charged U adsorbed on the active sites will repel other incoming uranyl ions due to coulombic repulsion, and adsorption of uranium will cease once all active sites on the adsorbent are saturated. Recent researches show that the adsorption of uranium can be reduced by externally applying direct current, and coulomb repulsion is avoided, so that the uranium extraction efficiency is remarkably improved. Patent CN201810765731 proposes a method for efficient electrochemical reduction, enrichment and recovery of uranium in uranium-containing wastewater and groundwater, which uses a metal electrode as a cathode and an anode to construct an electrochemical system, uses the property that U (VI) can be reduced into U (IV) by electrons, applies a direct current voltage, reduces U (VI) into uranium dioxide by the electrode and enriches the uranium dioxide on the surface of the electrode, and can realize efficient removal and recovery.
Reduction of hexavalent uranium U (VI) to tetravalent uranium U (IV) is also a viable method for uranium extraction, in which zero-valent iron is of great research interest due to its low cost and ease of manufacture, fe/Fe, among different reducing agents 2+ The redox potential has high reactivity and reducing power to drive the reduction of U (VI) to U (IV). In the uranium extraction process driven by zero-valent iron, soluble U (VI) substances are firstly adsorbed on the surface of the zero-valent iron and then reduced into U (IV) sediments, and the nanoscale zero-valent iron material has larger specific surface area and is more beneficial to uranium reduction. For example, CN202010861387 proposes a method for fixing uranyl ions in waste water by phosphate reinforced nano zero-valent iron and application thereof, and patent CN201910382362 proposes a method for removing uranium in nuclear waste liquid by coating nano zero-valent iron with high-strength powder, which can effectively fix uranium in uranium-containing waste water to achieve the purpose of removing uranium, but since the extracted U (IV) product is coprecipitated with nano zero-valent iron, an expensive separation process is required to realize U recovery, and in addition, passivation of nano zero-valent iron in aqueous solution easily occurs to form aggregates.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for extracting uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater and simultaneously recovering electric energy and application thereof, which are used for spatially decoupling Fe oxidation and U reduction, eliminating the use of nanoscale zero-valent iron and related defects, and electrons generated by Fe oxidation of an anode can be used for reducing U (VI) adsorbed on the surface of a cathode into slightly-soluble U (IV), so that the uranium extraction capacity of an adsorbent is further improved. The whole system U does not need energy input in the extraction-recovery process, solves the problem that the uranium extraction by an electroreduction method depends on electric energy consumption, realizes the net electric energy production, saves the extraction cost, simplifies the operation difficulty, and does not need an expensive solid-liquid separation process to recover the product.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a self-driven electrochemical device for extracting uranium and recovering electrical energy, the device comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment separated by an anion exchange membrane, the anode and cathode compartments being provided with an anode and a cathode respectively, the anode being of zero-valent iron and the cathode being of inert polarity, the anode and cathode being connected by a wire.
Further, the anode is one of an iron wire electrode, an iron net electrode, an iron sheet electrode, an iron rod electrode or a zero-valent nano iron electrode.
Further, the cathode is a carbon felt electrode, a carbon cloth electrode, a carbon rod electrode, a graphite electrode, a titanium electrode or a stainless steel electrode.
Further, the cathode is an electrode modified by chitosan or an electrode modified by an amidoxime group.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of extracting uranium and recovering electrical energy, the method comprising:
in an aqueous solution containing U (VI), taking zero-valent iron as a first anode, taking an inert electrode as a first cathode to form a primary cell, generating electricity and enriching U (IV) on the surface of the first cathode.
Further, after generating electricity and enriching U (IV) at the cathode surface, the method further comprises:
and taking out the first cathode enriched with U (IV), and scraping off the deposited product on the surface of the first cathode to obtain a U recovered product.
Further, after generating electricity and enriching U (IV) at the cathode surface, the method further comprises:
and taking the first cathode enriched with U (IV) as a second anode, taking the inert electrode as a second cathode, placing the second anode and the second cathode in an acid solution to form a primary cell, and recovering U products and simultaneously generating electricity spontaneously.
Further, the reaction time for generating electricity and enriching U (IV) on the surface of the first cathode is 23-60 h.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of a self-driven electrochemical device as described above for extracting uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater, for removing uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of a method of extracting uranium and recovering electrical energy as described above in extracting uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater, removing uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following technical effects:
(1) According to the invention, through decoupling Fe oxidation and U reduction from space, the use of nanoscale zero-valent iron and related defects are eliminated, and U (VI) adsorbed on the surface of a cathode is reduced into slightly soluble U (IV) by electrons, so that the uranium extraction capacity of the adsorbent is further improved;
(2) The whole system does not need energy input in the uranium extraction-recovery process, solves the problem that the uranium extraction by an electroreduction method depends on electric energy consumption, and realizes the production of net electric energy;
(3) The invention saves the uranium extraction cost, simplifies the operation difficulty, and does not need expensive solid-liquid separation process to recycle the product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 shows the U extraction amounts of each of the initial U concentrations after 23 hours of the reaction of each of example 1 and comparative example 1 in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing output power as a function of load for an embodiment with different loads applied;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the uranium recovery process described in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the purpose of better illustration only, but the invention is not limited to the examples. Those skilled in the art will appreciate from the foregoing disclosure that various modifications and adaptations of the embodiments described herein can be made to other examples without departing from the scope of the invention.
For a clearer understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the invention is further illustrated below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise indicated, the starting materials are all available commercially.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a 250mL solution of sulfuric acid with ph=1.2 was placed in the anode chamber, 250mL solution containing U (5 ppm;10ppm;50ppm;100 ppm) with different concentration (containing 32g/L NaCl) was placed in the cathode chamber, the two chambers were separated by an anion exchange membrane, and the cathode and anode were connected using a wire, using an iron mesh (3.5 cm. X6 cm) as anode, and a chitosan modified carbon felt (1.5 cm. X2 cm) as cathode. As shown in fig. 2, after running in U-containing solutions of different concentrations for 23 hours at normal temperature and pressure, the U extraction amounts were respectively obtained as follows: 50mg/g;105mg/g;401mg/g;606mg/g.
Comparative example 1
Physical and chemical adsorption experiments were performed with chitosan modified carbon felt (1.5 cm. Times.2cm) as adsorbent in 250mL of solutions containing U (5 ppm;10ppm;50ppm;100 ppm) and 32g/L NaCl at different concentrations. After adsorption in an air atmosphere at normal temperature and pressure for 23 hours, the enriched U content on the adsorbent was smaller than the cathode enriched U content in example 1 at the same initial U concentration (see fig. 2), and the U extraction amounts were respectively: 35mg/g;51mg/g;13mg/g;51mg/g.
Example 2
Under the conditions of example 1, where the other conditions were unchanged, 10ppm U was added to the cathode chamber, and a series of U extraction experiments were performed under different external loads (0.about.1000Ω), as shown in FIG. 3, the output power of the system increased with the increase in load.
Example 3
An iron mesh (3.5 cm. Times.6cm) was used as the anode, a chitosan-modified carbon felt (1.5 cm. Times.3cm) was used as the cathode, a solution of 1LPh =1.2 sulfuric acid was placed in the anode chamber, and 1L of real uranium ore (at a concentration of about 7.7 mg. L) -1 ) The waste water containing U is used as reaction liquid and placed in a cathode chamber, the two chambers are separated by an anion exchange membrane, and a cathode and an anode are connected by a wire to be used as a reactor. The two reactors are connected in series, and after the continuous operation is carried out for 60 hours, the U content enriched in the cathode is 316 mg.g -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The two reactors are connected in parallel, and after continuous operation for 60 hours, the reactor is enriched in yinThe U content of the pole is 352mg g -1 . The uranium extraction kinetics is shown to be stable throughout the operation, with a uranium extraction rate of 5mg·g in series mode -1 ·h -1 Uranium extraction rate in parallel mode is 6mg.g -1 ·h -1 . And, in two modes of series-parallel connection, the system runs for 60 hours to respectively generate 0.65 Wh.m -2 And 0.60 Wh.m -2 Is provided.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4, the electrode enriched with U (IV) is taken out of the solution, and the product deposited on the surface of the electrode is scraped off, so that the U recovered product is obtained. Or respectively placing 250mL sulfuric acid solution with pH=1 in an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, taking an electrode for extracting uranium as an anode, taking dissolved oxygen in aqueous solution as an electron acceptor at a cathode to form a primary cell, and recovering U products and simultaneously generating electricity spontaneously by an electrochemical method.
The foregoing is illustrative of embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. The present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, but is capable of being modified or equivalent to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The self-driven electrochemical device for extracting uranium and recovering electric energy is characterized by comprising an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, wherein the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by an anion exchange membrane, an anode and a cathode are respectively arranged in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, the anode adopts a zero-valent nano iron electrode, the cathode adopts chitosan modified carbon felt, and the anode and the cathode are connected by a lead.
2. A method of extracting uranium and recovering electrical energy, the method comprising:
in an aqueous solution containing hexavalent uranium, a zero-valent nano iron electrode is used as a first anode, a chitosan modified carbon felt is used as a first cathode to form a primary cell, electricity is generated, and the tetravalent uranium is obtained through enrichment on the surface of the first cathode.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein after generating electricity and enriching for uranium with tetravalent species at the cathode surface, the method further comprises:
and taking out the first cathode enriched with tetravalent uranium, and scraping off a product deposited on the surface of the first cathode to obtain a U recovery product.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein after generating electricity and enriching for uranium with tetravalent species at the cathode surface, the method further comprises:
and taking the first cathode enriched with tetravalent uranium as a second anode, taking the inert electrode as a second cathode, placing the second anode and the second cathode in an acid solution to form a primary cell, and recovering U products and simultaneously generating electricity spontaneously.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the reaction time for generating electricity and enriching the tetravalent uranium on the surface of the first cathode is 23-60 hours.
6. Use of the self-driven electrochemical device according to claim 1 for extracting uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater and for removing uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater.
7. Use of the method for extracting uranium and recovering electrical energy as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5 for extracting uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater and for removing uranium from uranium-containing wastewater or seawater.
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