CN115579456A - Negative electrode, secondary battery, and electric device - Google Patents

Negative electrode, secondary battery, and electric device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115579456A
CN115579456A CN202211253147.2A CN202211253147A CN115579456A CN 115579456 A CN115579456 A CN 115579456A CN 202211253147 A CN202211253147 A CN 202211253147A CN 115579456 A CN115579456 A CN 115579456A
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nitrogen
negative electrode
base material
containing compound
oxygen
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尹传明
张子栋
陈鹏
褚春波
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Sunwoda Electric Vehicle Battery Co Ltd
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Sunwoda Electric Vehicle Battery Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The application discloses negative pole, secondary battery and consumer. The negative electrode includes a base material and lithium metal distributed in the base material. The matrix material comprises a nitrogen-containing compound, the pore density of the matrix material is Xppi, and X is more than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 500. The nitrogen-containing compound has strong adsorptivity to lithium ions, can reduce the difficulty of mass transfer of the lithium ions, reduce the ohmic impedance of the battery, inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, and improve the cycle stability and the cycle life of the battery, and meanwhile, the pore density of the base material is in the range of 100 ppi-500 ppi, so that the local current density distribution of the negative electrode is more uniform, and the cycle life of the battery is further prolonged.

Description

Negative electrode, secondary battery, and electric device
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a negative electrode, a secondary battery and electric equipment.
Background
Lithium metal negative electrodes are the ultimate choice for lithium-based negative electrode materials due to their highest theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g) -1 ) And the advantage of the lowest electrochemical potential (-3.04 Vvs. Standard hydrogen electrode) have received widespread attention. However, low safety and cycle instability during repeated charging and discharging limits its practical utilityThe use of (1). In other words, the non-uniform deposition of lithium metal results in the formation of lithium dendrites, the large generation of which easily pierce the separator to cause short circuits. In addition, when a Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) of the lithium metal negative electrode is formed, the local concentrated lithium ion flux is caused by the non-uniform form or chemical composition, and the electrolyte is irreversibly consumed due to the high reactivity of lithium, so that the capacity of the final lithium metal battery is sharply reduced in the circulating process, and the cycle life of the battery is influenced. Therefore, how to improve the cycle life of the negative electrode needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a negative pole, secondary battery and consumer aims at solving current lithium metal negative pole lithium dendrite appears easily in the cyclic process, influences battery cycle life's technical problem.
In view of this, the present application first provides a negative electrode comprising: the lithium-ion battery comprises a base material and lithium metal distributed in the base material, wherein the base material comprises a nitrogen-containing compound, the pore density of the base material is X ppi, and X is more than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 500.
Further, the nitrogen-containing compound includes graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen, and pyrrole nitrogen. Further, the base material further comprises an oxygen-containing compound, wherein the oxygen-containing compound comprises an oxygen-containing functional group, and the oxygen-containing functional group comprises at least one of hydroxyl, ether bond, carbonyl, carboxyl and ester group.
Further, the mass ratio of nitrogen in the nitrogen-containing compound to oxygen in the oxygen-containing compound is 1 (1 to 1.9).
Further, based on the mass content of the nitrogen-containing compound, the graphite nitrogen accounts for 49-55%, the pyridine nitrogen accounts for 25-37%, and the pyrrole nitrogen accounts for 12-21%.
Further, the ratio of the D peak intensity and the I peak intensity of the base material in the raman spectrum satisfies:
1.05≤I D /I G 1.19, wherein, the I is D Indicating that the Raman shift is 1300 +/-50 cm -1 Intensity of nearby peak, I G Indicating that the Raman shift is 1480 +/-50 cm -1 Peak intensity of (a).
Further, the lithium metal has a maximum acceptable capacity of Q mAh, and Q and X satisfy: Q/X is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10.
Further, the thickness of the base material is 60-140 μm.
The present application also provides a secondary battery including the above-described anode.
The application also provides electric equipment, which comprises the secondary battery, wherein the secondary battery is used as a power supply of the electric equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following effects:
the negative pole in this application has nitrogen compound's matrix material, and above-mentioned nitrogen compound is strong to lithium ion's adsorptivity, can reduce the degree of difficulty of lithium ion mass transfer, suppresses the growth of lithium dendrite, reduces the ohmic impedance of battery, improves the cycling stability and the cycle life of battery, and matrix material's pore density is between 100ppi ~ 500ppi, can make the distribution of negative pole local current density more even, further improves the cycle life of battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial SEM photograph of a base material of example 1;
FIG. 2 is another partial SEM photograph of the base material of example 1.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation to the scope of the present application. The following examples are provided as a guide for further improvement by a person skilled in the art and do not constitute a limitation of the present application in any way.
The experimental procedures in the following examples, unless otherwise indicated, are conventional and are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the instructions of the products. Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The present application provides a negative electrode, including: a matrix material, and lithium metal distributed in the matrix material; the pore density of the matrix material is Xppi, and X is more than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 500. In this embodiment, the nitrogen-containing compound may include graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen, and the nitrogen-containing compound has strong adsorbability to lithium ions, and can reduce difficulty of mass transfer of the lithium ions, inhibit growth of lithium dendrites, reduce ohmic resistance of the battery, and improve cycle stability and cycle life of the battery. In addition, the matrix material is in the pore density range, so that the matrix material has a proper specific surface area, the local current density distribution of the negative electrode is more uniform, and the generation of lithium dendrites is inhibited. If the pore density is too large, more side reactions occur to deteriorate the electrochemical performance of the battery, and if the pore density is too small, the amount of lithium metal supported by the matrix material decreases, resulting in a decrease in the energy density of the battery. In some embodiments, the thickness of the matrix material is 60 μm to 140 μm. Too thick a matrix material requires more volume space to accommodate, and too thin a matrix material results in a decrease in the battery's capacity to double. In another embodiment, the matrix material comprises a carbon foam matrix material having a substantial amount of three-dimensional pores, increasing the specific surface area of the matrix material, reducing the local current density, inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites, and also reducing the density and increasing the energy density. In some embodiments, the carbon foam base material may be obtained from melamine foam after carbonization.
The base material further comprises an oxygen-containing compound, wherein the oxygen-containing compound comprises an oxygen-containing functional group, and the oxygen-containing functional group comprises at least one of hydroxyl, ether bond, carbonyl, carboxyl and ester group. The compound containing the oxygen functional group exists in the base material, and the compound containing the oxygen functional group has excellent affinity with the electrolyte, so that the wettability of the negative electrode to the electrolyte can be improved, the ohmic resistance of the battery is reduced, the growth of lithium dendrites is inhibited, and the cycle performance of the battery is improved.
In order to further enable the negative electrode to have better wetting performance and better lithium ion extraction performance, in one embodiment, the mass ratio of nitrogen in the nitrogen-containing compound to oxygen in the oxygen-containing compound is 1 (1-1.9). The mass ratio may be one or any two of 1.
In order to further enhance the adsorptivity of the negative electrode to lithium ions, further reduce the difficulty of lithium ion mass transfer, reduce ohmic resistance and prolong the cycle life, in another embodiment, based on the mass content of the nitrogen-containing compound, the graphite nitrogen accounts for 49-55%, the pyridine nitrogen accounts for 25-37% and the pyrrole nitrogen accounts for 12-21%. In this embodiment, since pyrrole nitrogen and pyridine nitrogen have stronger adsorption capacity to lithium ions, the higher the ratio of pyrrole nitrogen to pyridine nitrogen in nitrogen elements is, the better the cycle stability and the longer the cycle life is.
In some embodiments, to further improve the cycle performance of the battery, the lithium metal has a maximum acceptable capacity of QmAh in the negative electrode, and Q and X satisfy: Q/X is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10. For example, Q/X includes a range of values of one or any two of 3, 5, 7, 9, 10. The ratio of the ultimate containable capacity QmAh of the anode to the porosity Xppi of the matrix material determines the total amount of lithium deposition that the matrix material can withstand.
In some embodiments, the ratio of the D peak intensity and the I peak intensity of the matrix material in the raman spectrum satisfies: 1.05 is less than or equal to I D /I G 1.19, wherein, the I is D Indicating that the Raman shift is 1300 +/-50 cm -1 Peak intensity of (1), I G Indicating that the Raman shift is 1480 +/-50 cm -1 Peak intensity of (a). In some embodiments of the present application, I D /I G Is a range value of one or any two of 1.05, 1.08, 1.12, 1.15, 1.19. In this embodiment, I D /I G The defect concentration of the matrix material is shown, and the defect concentration of the matrix material is in the range, so that the transmission rate of lithium ions on the surface interface of the negative electrode can be improved, and the cycle stability and the cycle life of the battery can be improved.
In another embodiment, the present application further provides a method for preparing the above negative electrode, wherein the method for preparing the negative electrode comprises the following steps:
1) Carbonizing the carbon precursor to obtain carbon foam; wherein the carbon precursor comprises melamine foam;
2) Modifying the obtained carbon foam by oxygen plasma and nitrogen plasma to obtain a matrix material;
3) And depositing lithium metal on the base material to obtain the negative electrode.
The operation of the step 1) of the method is as follows: placing the carbon precursor in a tubular furnace in a chemical vapor deposition system, heating under the protection of inert gas, keeping the temperature at 700-1000 ℃ (preferably 800-1000 ℃), carbonizing for 1-3 h, cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain carbon foam;
wherein the temperature rise is from room temperature to 700-1000 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min;
in some embodiments of the present application, the rate of temperature increase is 2 deg.C/min, 3 deg.C/min, or 5 deg.C/min,
in some embodiments of the present application, the temperature is raised to 700 ℃, 800 ℃, or 1000 ℃;
in some embodiments of the present application, the holding time at 800 ℃ is 1h, 2h, 3h;
in the application, the porosity and the thickness of carbonized carbon foam are adjusted by adjusting the heating rate, the carbonization temperature and the time for keeping at high temperature;
the carbon precursor is cleaned and dried before carbonization, and the cleaning and drying operations are as follows: respectively putting the carbon precursor into solutions of ethanol, deionized water and ethanol, ultrasonically cleaning and drying;
the ultrasonic cleaning time can be 0.5-1.5 h, and specifically can be 1h;
the drying temperature can be 40-70 ℃, specifically 60 ℃, and the drying time can be 20-26h, specifically 24h;
the oxygen plasma and nitrogen plasma modification in step 2) of the above method are both performed in a PECVD system,
the oxygen plasma modification operation comprises the following steps: firstly, the vacuum degree in the PECVD system is kept at 1X10 -3 Less than Pa, introducing O 2 Adjusting the pressure of the system to be maintained within the range of 0.1-10 Pa, turning on the plasma generator, and settingThe output power of the plasma is 500-1300W, the reflection power of the plasma radio frequency system is adjusted to be 0-10W, the plasma generator is operated for 5-30 min, the plasma generator is closed, and the introduction of O is stopped 2 Then, the method is carried out;
in some embodiments of the present application, the time for operating the plasma generator after the oxygen gas is introduced is 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min;
said O is 2 The flow rate of (2) can be 16-64 sccm;
said O is 2 The purity of the product can be 99-99.999%;
the nitrogen plasma modification operation comprises the following steps: introduction of N 2 Adjusting the pressure of the system to be maintained within the range of 0.1-10 Pa, opening the plasma generator, setting the output power of the plasma to be 500-1300W, adjusting the reflection power of the plasma radio frequency system to be 0-10W, operating the plasma generator for 5-30 min, closing the plasma generator, and stopping introducing N 2 Then, the method is carried out;
in some embodiments of the present application, the time for operating the plasma generator after the nitrogen gas is introduced is 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min;
wherein, the N is 2 The flow rate of the catalyst can be 16-40 sccm;
said N is 2 The purity of (A) can be 99-99.999%.
The proportion and the distribution of C, N and O elements on the surface of the carbon foam, particularly the types and the distribution of graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen in the N elements are regulated and controlled through simple plasma treatment, so that the base material with excellent performance is obtained.
In the above method step 3), lithium metal is deposited on the base material by an electrochemical method.
In an embodiment of the present application, the electrochemical method for depositing lithium metal operates as follows: assembling the matrix material (as a negative electrode), the lithium metal (as a counter electrode), the diaphragm and the electrolyte into a battery, and performing electrochemical deposition to obtain the lithium ion battery,
wherein the electrolyte is 1M LiTFSI (DOL: DME =1, volume fraction 2.0% LiNO 3 )；
At a rate of 1-3 mAh/cm 2 And 0.1-3 mA/cm 2 (specifically, it may be 1 mA/cm) 2 And 1mAh/cm 2 ) The current density of (2) is such that metallic lithium is deposited and deposition is stopped after a corresponding amount of lithium has been reached.
The present application also provides a secondary battery including the above negative electrode.
The application also provides an electric device, the electric device includes above-mentioned secondary battery, secondary battery is as electric device's power supply.
In this application negative electrode material, nitrogen-containing compound has strong adsorptivity to lithium ion, can reduce the degree of difficulty of lithium ion mass transfer, restraines the growth of lithium dendrite, reduces the ohmic impedance of battery, improves the cycle stability and the cyclic life of battery, in addition, because contain among the matrix material and have oxygen-containing functional group to can promote the negative pole to the infiltration nature of electrolyte, further reduce the ohmic impedance of pole piece, restrain the growth of lithium dendrite, improve battery cycle performance.
Example 1
Preparation of secondary battery having the above negative electrode:
1) Placing cleaned and dried melamine foam with the size of 5cm x 4cm x 0.8cm (length, width and height) in a tubular furnace in a chemical vapor deposition system (PECVD system), introducing argon protective gas with the flow of 0.1L/min into the tubular furnace, adjusting the heating rate of the tubular furnace to 2 ℃/min, heating to 800 ℃ from the room temperature of 25 ℃, keeping for 2h, naturally cooling to the room temperature, and taking out to obtain carbon foam;
2) The resulting carbon foam was placed in a PECVD system, and a vacuum pump system was operated to maintain a vacuum of 1X10 in the system -3 Pa below; then introducing O with the flow rate of 16sccm 2 (purity is controlled to be 99.999%), adjusting the vacuum pump system until the pressure in the cavity is maintained within the range of 5Pa, opening the plasma generator, setting the output power of the plasma to be 1000W, adjusting the reflection power of the plasma radio frequency system to be 5W, operating the plasma generator for 10min, closing the plasma generator, and stopping introducing O 2 ；
3) At a flow rate of 16sccmN 2 (purity is controlled to be 99.999%), the pressure from the vacuum pump system to the cavity is adjusted to be maintained within 5 ranges, the plasma generator is started, the output power of the plasma is set to be 1000W, the reflected power of the plasma radio frequency system is adjusted to be 5W constant value, the plasma generator is operated for 10min, the plasma generator is closed, and N is stopped to be introduced 2 And closing the PECVD system to prepare the carbon foam type base material. The partial SEM images of the matrix material at different magnifications are shown in the attached figures 1 and 2 respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the matrix material has a rich porous network structure, and the surface of the matrix material is etched with a rugged topography as a result of carbon modification by nitrogen and oxygen.
4) The base material prepared in the above manner is used as a negative electrode, a lithium sheet is used as a counter electrode, a polypropylene film (PP) is used as a separator, and a battery is assembled by using 1mol of LiTFSI (lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate)/DME (ethylene glycol dimethyl ether): DOL (dioxolane) (v: v = 1;
5) Performing constant current discharge on the prepared battery, and depositing lithium metal in a matrix material in advance at a current density of 1 mA-cm -2 、1mAh·cm -2 And the discharge time is 10 hours, thus obtaining the secondary button cell with the cathode of the application.
Example 2
The same as in example 1, except that the temperature increase rate in step 1) was adjusted to 5 ℃/min.
Example 3
The same as in example 1, except that the temperature increase rate in step 1) was adjusted to 3 ℃/min.
Example 4
The same as in example 1, except that the temperature increase rate in step 1) was adjusted to 7 ℃/min.
Example 5
Same as in example 1, except that O is introduced in the step 2) 2 The flow rate of (3) is 13sccm.
Example 6
Same as example 1, except that O is introduced into the reaction mixture in step 2) 2 The flow rate of (2) is 14sccm.
Example 7
Same as example 1, except that O is introduced into the reaction mixture in step 2) 2 The flow rate of (2) is 18sccm.
Example 8
Same as example 1, except that O is introduced into the reaction mixture in step 2) 2 The flow rate of (2) is 20sccm.
Example 9
Same as in example 1, except that the tube furnace temperature in step 1) was maintained at 800 ℃ for 1.2 hours.
Example 10
Same as in example 1, except that the tube furnace temperature in step 1) was maintained at 800 ℃ for 1.5 hours.
Example 11
Same as in example 1, except that the tube furnace temperature in step 1) was maintained at 800 ℃ for 2.4 hours.
Example 12
Same as in example 1, except that the tube furnace temperature in step 1) was maintained at 800 ℃ for 3 hours.
Example 13
The same as in example 1, except that the tube furnace temperature in step 1) was changed to 800 ℃ instead of 700 ℃.
Example 14
The same as in example 1, except that the tube furnace temperature in step 1) was changed to 800 ℃ and 750 ℃.
Example 15
The same as in example 1 except that the tube furnace temperature in step 1) was changed to 800 deg.c instead of 780 deg.c.
Example 16
The same as in example 1, except that the size of the melamine foam in step 1) was replaced by 2.5cm x 2cm x 0.4cm.
Example 17
The same as in example 1, except that the size of the melamine foam in step 1) was replaced with 3cm x 0.5cm.
Example 18
The same as in example 1, except that the size of the melamine foam in step 1) was replaced by 4cm by 0.6cm.
Example 19
Same as in example 1, except that the size of the melamine foam in step 1) was replaced by 6cm x 5cm x 1.2cm.
Comparative example 1
The same as in example 1, except that the substrate material was not subjected to the plasma modification step of nitrogen and oxygen.
Comparative example 2
A copper foil is provided as a lithium metal carrier.
The parameters associated with the negative electrodes obtained in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 2 are recorded in table 1, and the prepared secondary button cells were tested, and the test results are recorded in table 1, as follows:
1) Testing the cycle performance, comprising the following steps; at 1.0mAh cm -2 And 1.0mA cm -2 The battery is tested according to the charge-discharge current density, the cut-off voltage is 1V, and the discharge cut-off voltage is 0.2V. The number of cycles at which the battery capacity retention rate dropped to 98% was recorded.
2) Ohmic impedance test: and performing EIS test on the battery by adopting an electrochemical workstation to obtain the ohmic impedance Rct of the battery.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003888723060000071
Figure BDA0003888723060000081
As can be seen from the data of examples 1 to 19 and comparative example 1, the ohmic resistance of the battery was significantly high (85 Ω) and the cycle life was low (the battery capacity had decreased to 98% at 38 cycles) when the base material contained no nitrogen element, whereas the ohmic resistance of the battery was only 40 Ω at the highest and was 20 Ω at the lowest when the base material contained nitrogen element. In addition, as can be seen from the data of examples 1 to 19 and comparative example 2, the ohmic resistance and cycle life of the battery using the negative electrode of the present application are significantly superior to those of the negative electrode using copper as a carrier.
The present application is described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced in a wide range of equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and without undue experimentation. While this application has been given specific examples, it will be appreciated that further modifications may be made. In general, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains.

Claims (10)

1. An anode, comprising: the lithium-ion battery comprises a base material and lithium metal distributed in the base material, wherein the base material comprises a nitrogen-containing compound, the pore density of the base material is Xppi, and X is more than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 500.
2. The negative electrode of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound comprises graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen, and pyrrole nitrogen.
3. The anode according to claim 1, wherein the base material further comprises an oxygen-containing compound, and the oxygen-containing compound comprises an oxygen-containing functional group, and the oxygen-containing functional group comprises at least one of a hydroxyl group, an ether bond, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, and an ester group.
4. The negative electrode according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen in the nitrogen-containing compound to oxygen in the oxygen-containing compound is 1 (1 to 1.9).
5. The negative electrode according to claim 2, wherein the graphite nitrogen accounts for 49 to 55 percent, the pyridine nitrogen accounts for 25 to 37 percent, and the pyrrole nitrogen accounts for 12 to 21 percent based on the mass content of the nitrogen-containing compound.
6. The negative electrode according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a D-peak intensity and an I-peak intensity of the base material in a raman spectrum satisfies: 1.05 is less than or equal to I D /I G 1.19, wherein, the I is D Indicating that the Raman shift is 1300 +/-50 cm -1 Intensity of nearby peak, I G Indicating that the Raman shift is 1480 +/-50 cm -1 Peak intensity of (a).
7. The anode of claim 1, wherein the lithium metal has an ultimate containment capacity of QmAh, and Q and X satisfy: Q/X is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10.
8. The negative electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the thickness of the base material is 60 μm to 140 μm.
9. A secondary battery comprising the negative electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electric device, characterized by comprising the secondary battery according to claim 10 as a power supply source for the electric device.
CN202211253147.2A 2022-10-13 2022-10-13 Negative electrode, secondary battery, and electric device Pending CN115579456A (en)

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