CN115574580A - Self-adaptive slide channel seed dryer and drying method thereof - Google Patents
Self-adaptive slide channel seed dryer and drying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115574580A CN115574580A CN202211178472.7A CN202211178472A CN115574580A CN 115574580 A CN115574580 A CN 115574580A CN 202211178472 A CN202211178472 A CN 202211178472A CN 115574580 A CN115574580 A CN 115574580A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-adaptive slide channel seed dryer which comprises a dryer shell and an automatic lifting device, wherein the dryer shell is cuboid, the dryer shell comprises a base and an upper cover, the upper cover is fixed on the base, a feeding air inlet and a discharging port are respectively arranged on a left side plate and a right side plate of the upper cover, an air outlet is arranged on a top plate, and the automatic lifting device is arranged in a cavity in the dryer shell. The invention also provides a drying method of the self-adaptive slideway seed dryer. The seed drying machine provided by the invention utilizes the automatic lifting device to adjust the seed drying time in real time, so that the seeds are fully dried, the drying is not excessive, and the economic benefit of production is the maximum. Greatly improves the drying effect of the seeds and reduces the energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of control over drying effect of a seed dryer, in particular to a self-adaptive slideway seed dryer and a drying method thereof.
Background
In the process of seed industrialization, the processing of seeds is an important link, and drying is a key in the seed processing process. The drying method of the seeds comprises a sun drying method, a dryer drying method, a far infrared heating drying method, a microwave drying method and the like. The drying of seeds is more severe than that of other seeds because it is required not only to dry the moisture in the seeds but also to maintain the characteristics of the seeds, i.e., four flavors and five flavors. In order to keep the four flavors and five flavors of the seeds, a dryer drying method of accelerating drying by hot air is selected.
Seeds of all types are typically harvested at high moisture content. If can not in time dry, can generate heat fast and deteriorate, cause serious loss, during the storage, the respiratory intensity of seed is decided to seed moisture content height, especially adopts seal package's seed, in case the moisture content is higher, respiratory intensity obviously strengthens, accelerates the nutrient consumption of seed self on the one hand, and anaerobic respiration takes place under the sealing strip on the other hand, and the vitality of seed will lose in very short time. The seed dryer has the advantages of high drying speed, high drying efficiency, low drying energy consumption, low seed loss rate and the like, is a common machine for seed drying operation, and plays an important role in seed industrialization engineering.
In the drying process of the seeds, the drying temperature and time must be strictly controlled, if the drying time is too short, the moisture content of the seeds is not reduced to the storage standard, and the seeds can be rotten during storage; if the drying time is too long, the seeds will die or lose their own four and five flavors, resulting in irreparable losses. Simultaneously, the seed desiccator also needs to be suitable for the seed drying under the multiple condition, and current research results show that the suitable water content lower limit of different seeds is different, and the quality of seed also can have some influences to the suitable water content lower limit of seed. At present, the seed drying machine on the market can not well realize intelligent temperature control during seed drying, still needs to rely on a large amount of human labor and operating experience of workers in actual operation, reduces the efficiency of seed drying, and increases the human cost and the loss rate of seeds.
The existing drying machines mostly have the following two problems:
1. at present, when a drying machine carries out drying operation, the temperature for drying seeds and the drying time cannot be accurately controlled, and the drying degree of the seeds is too high or too low, so that the seed storage work is difficult to continue.
2. The current desiccator still needs to rely on a large amount of human labor and workman's operation experience in actual operation, has reduced the dry efficiency of seed, has increased the human cost and the rate of loss of seed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems that the seed drying temperature and time are difficult to control, the seed drying efficiency is low and the loss rate of seeds in the drying process is high when most seed drying machines on the market dry seeds. The invention provides a self-adaptive sliding channel seed dryer with an automatic lifting device capable of self-adaptively adjusting seed drying time and a drying method thereof.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is specifically adopted: the utility model provides a self-adaptation slide way seed drying machine, includes desiccator casing and automatic lifting device, the desiccator casing is the cuboid shape, and the desiccator casing includes base and upper cover, and the upper cover is fixed on the base, is equipped with feeding air intake and discharge gate on the left side board and the right side board of upper cover respectively, and the roof is equipped with the air outlet, is equipped with automatic lifting device in the inside cavity of desiccator casing, automatic lifting device includes five automatic jacks, transfer sprocket, ejector pin and hollow tube, and five automatic jacks interval arrangements are in the desiccator casing, and all automatic jacks's bottom is fixed on the base, and automatic jack's top all is connected with the ejector pin, and all ejector pins are fixed together with transfer sprocket in proper order, and wherein, the ejector pin of foremost is fixed mutually with transfer sprocket's head end, and rearmost ejector pin is fixed mutually with transfer sprocket's tail end, is equipped with the hollow tube of perpendicular setting respectively in the top of every ejector pin, and the top of hollow tube is fixed mutually with the roof of upper cover, and the bottom is located transfer sprocket's top, and all ejector pins are arranged in hollow tube and can sliding connection with the hollow tube, form piston structure.
Further, self-adaptation slide way seed desiccator still includes PID adjusting device, PID adjusting device includes detection device and PID controller, detection device installs in air outlet department for survey the water content in the air that blows off from the air outlet, the PID controller is fixed on the back wall of desiccator casing, the PID controller is connected with each jack, detection device is connected with the PID controller, detection device conveys water content data to the PID controller, the PID controller adjusts the height that each jack jacked up the ejector pin according to water content data, messenger's transfer sprocket forms inclined plane or level.
Furthermore, the upper end of each hollow pipe is respectively provided with a vent hole which radially penetrates through the hollow pipe.
Further, the transmission chain wheel is fixed at the middle position of the ejector rod.
The invention also provides a drying method of the self-adaptive slideway seed dryer, which comprises the following steps:
and 4, updating the water content s in real time by the detection device, repeating the step 3 and controlling three automatic jacks at the leftmost end and the middle part to drive the ejector rod to lift by referring to the mode PID controller in the step 2 so as to finely adjust the height of the transmission chain wheel.
Further, step 5 is performed after the step 4: when the drying is stopped, the external seed input is stopped firstly, then the PID controller is used for adjusting each automatic jack to drive the ejector rod to reset, the conveying chain wheel returns to the horizontal position, then the PID adjusting device is closed, the hot air input is closed, and the drying of the seeds is completed.
Further, the specific process that the PID controller respectively adjusts the heights of the three automatic jacks at the leftmost end and the middle of the ejection mandril in the step 2 according to the water content s is as follows:
the PID controller firstly calculates the height h of the ejector rod on the automatic jack at the leftmost end, which needs to extend, according to the water content s detected by the detection device, and the calculation formula is as follows:
because the position of the mandril on the rightmost automatic jack is not changed, the mandril is further according to the formula
(i =2,3,4) calculating the height h of the middle three automatic jacks required to jack out the jack rod i ；
H is the height of the ejector rod on the automatic jack at the leftmost end, and the unit is m;
s is the water content detected by the detection device and the unit is Kg/m 3 ；
e is the Euler number, is a constant, take the value 2.71828;
m is the average mass of seeds entering the shell of the dryer and is in kg;
l is the length of the transmission chain wheel and has the unit of m;
h i is counted from the leftThe height of the ejector rods on the i automatic jacks, which needs to extend out, is m;
l i is the horizontal distance from the ith jack from the left to the rightmost jack, and is given in m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the seed drying machine utilizes the automatic lifting device to adjust the drying time of the seeds in real time, the PID controller is controlled to receive and analyze the real-time air water content from the detection device and ideal water content information simulated by the PID controller, an ideal working state is judged and the automatic lifting device is adjusted, the detection device in the PID adjustment device detects the water content of air inlet air, and then the automatic lifting device is controlled to adjust the time of the seeds staying on the transmission chain wheel, namely, the drying time of the seeds is controlled, and further, the drying degree of the seeds is controlled in real time. Thereby ensuring that the seeds are dried fully, the drying is not excessive, and the economic benefit of the production is the maximum. Greatly improves the drying effect of the seeds and reduces the energy consumption.
2. The drying machine provided by the invention adopts full-automatic circulation, does not need to depend on manual labor and operation experience of workers in actual operation, improves the seed drying efficiency, and reduces the labor cost and the seed loss rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an adaptive chute seed dryer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the operation of the automatic jack of the present invention to jack up the carrier rod;
FIG. 3 is a control schematic diagram of a PID controller of the invention.
In the figure: 1-dryer shell; 11-a base; 12-upper cover; 121-a feeding air inlet; 122-a discharge port; 123-an air outlet; 2-an automatic lifting device; 21-automatic jack; 22-a transmission sprocket; 23-a mandril; 24-a hollow pipe; 241-a vent hole; 3-PID regulating means; 31-a detection device; 32-PID controller.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail and further elucidated with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments;
example one
Referring to fig. 1-2, a self-adaptive sliding channel seed dryer comprises a dryer shell 1 and an automatic lifting device 2, wherein the dryer shell 1 is in a cuboid shape, the dryer shell 1 comprises a base 11 and an upper cover 12, the upper cover 12 is fixed on the base 11, a left side plate and a right side plate of the upper cover 12 are respectively provided with a feeding air inlet 121 and a discharging port 122, a top plate is provided with an air outlet 123, the automatic lifting device 2 is arranged in a cavity inside the dryer shell 1, the automatic lifting device 2 comprises five automatic jacks 21, a conveying chain wheel 22, ejector rods 23 and hollow tubes 24, the five automatic jacks 21 are arranged in the dryer shell 1 at intervals, the bottoms of all the automatic jacks 21 are fixed on the base 11, the top ends of the automatic jacks 21 are all connected with the ejector rods 23, all the ejector rods 23 are sequentially fixed with the conveying chain wheel 22, wherein the ejector rod 23 at the foremost end is fixed with the head end of the conveying chain wheel 22, the ejector rod 23 at the rearmost end is fixed with the tail end of the conveying chain wheel 22, the ejector rod 23 is respectively provided with the top end of the top plate 24 vertically arranged above the upper cover 12, the hollow tubes 23 are arranged in the hollow tubes, and the hollow tubes are connected with the hollow tubes 24, and the hollow tubes are connected with the hollow tubes 24.
The self-adaptive slideway seed dryer further comprises a PID adjusting device 3, the PID adjusting device 3 comprises a detecting device 31 and a PID controller 32, the detecting device 31 is installed at the air outlet 123 and used for detecting the water content in the air blown out from the air outlet 123, the PID controller 32 is fixed on the rear wall of the dryer shell 1, the PID controller 32 is connected with all the automatic jacks 21, the detecting device 31 is connected with the PID controller 32, the detecting device 31 transmits the water content data to the PID controller 32, and the PID controller 32 adjusts the height of each automatic jack 21 for jacking the jacking ejector rod 23 according to the water content data, so that the transmission chain wheel 22 forms an inclined plane or a horizontal plane.
A vent 241 radially penetrating the hollow tube 24 is provided at the upper end of each hollow tube 24. The ventilation holes 241 may improve a ventilation effect of hot wind in the case.
The transmission chain wheel is fixed in the middle of the ejector rod.
The seed dryer of the invention detects the air water content at the air port 123 through the detection device 31 in the PID adjusting device 3, controls each automatic jack 21 to jack the ejector rod 23 through the PID controller 32, controls the height of the automatic jack 21 at the rightmost end to jack the ejector rod 23 to be unchanged, and sequentially adjusts the height of the automatic jack 21 at the leftmost end to jack the ejector rod 23 and the height of the ejector rod 23 by the middle three automatic jacks 21 according to the detected air water content through the PID controller 32, thereby realizing the adjustment of the angle of the inclined plane formed by the transmission chain wheel 22 and the adjustment of the drying time of seeds, ensuring that the seeds are dried fully, the drying is not excessive, and the economic benefit of the production is the maximum. Greatly improves the drying effect of the seeds and reduces the energy consumption.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a drying method of an adaptive chute seed dryer is implemented by using the adaptive chute seed dryer in the first embodiment, and specifically includes the following steps:
and 4, updating the water content s in real time by the detection device 31, repeating the step 3, and controlling the three automatic jacks 21 at the leftmost end and the middle part to drive the ejector rod 23 to lift by referring to the mode PID controller 32 in the step 2, so as to finely adjust the height of the transmission chain wheel 22.
Step 5 is performed after step 4: when the drying is stopped, the external seed input is stopped, then the PID controller 32 adjusts each automatic jack 21 to drive the ejector rod 23 to reset, the transmission chain wheel 22 returns to the horizontal position, then the PID adjusting device 3 is closed, the hot air input is closed, and the drying of the seeds is completed.
The specific process that the PID controller 32 respectively adjusts the heights of the three automatic jacks 21 at the leftmost end and the middle part for ejecting the ejector rods 23 in the step 2 according to the water content s is as follows:
the PID controller 32 first calculates the height h of the ejector rod 23 on the leftmost automatic jack 21, which needs to be extended, according to the water content s detected by the detection device 31, and the calculation formula is:
because the position of the mandril 23 on the rightmost automatic jack 21 is not changed, the mandril is further according to the formula
(i =2,3,4) calculating the height h of the central three automatic jacks 21 required to eject the ejector rod 23 i ；
Wherein h is the height of the ejector rod 23 on the automatic jack 21 at the leftmost end, and the unit is m;
s is the water content detected by the detecting device 31, and the unit is Kg/m 3 ；
e is the Euler number, is a constant, and takes the value of 2.71828;
m is the average mass of seeds entering the shell of the dryer and is in kg;
l is the length of the transfer sprocket 22 in m;
h i the height of the ejector rod 23 on the ith automatic jack 21 from the left needs to be extended, and the unit is m;
l i is the horizontal distance from the ith jack 21 from the left to the rightmost jack 21 in m.
The PID controller 32 employed in the present invention is a feedback loop component in industrial control applications. The PID controller 32 compares the collected data with a reference value and then uses this difference to calculate a new input value which is intended to allow the data of the system to reach or remain at the reference value. Unlike other simple control operations, the PID controller 32 can adjust the input values based on historical data and the occurrence of differences, which can make the system more accurate and stable. A PID feedback loop can maintain the stability of the system in the event that other control methods result in a system stability error or process iteration.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modifications of the embodiments of the invention, which may occur to those skilled in the art and which are within the teachings of this specification, are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a self-adaptation slide way seed drying machine, its characterized in that, includes desiccator casing and automatic rising and falling device, the desiccator casing is the cuboid shape, and the desiccator casing includes base and upper cover, and the upper cover is fixed on the base, is equipped with feeding air intake and discharge gate on the left side board and the right side board of upper cover respectively, and the roof is equipped with the air outlet, is equipped with automatic rising and falling device in the internal cavity of desiccator casing, automatic rising and falling device includes five automatic jacks, conveying sprocket, ejector pin and hollow tube, and five automatic jacks interval arrangement are in the desiccator casing, and the bottom of all automatic jacks is fixed on the base, and all the top of automatic jack all is connected with the ejector pin, and all the ejector pins are in proper order with conveying sprocket together, and wherein, the ejector pin of foremost is fixed mutually with conveying sprocket's head end, and the ejector pin of rearmost end is fixed mutually with conveying sprocket's tail end, is equipped with the hollow tube of perpendicular setting respectively in the top of every ejector pin, and the top of hollow tube is fixed mutually with the roof of upper cover, and the bottom is located conveying sprocket, and all hollow tubes are arranged in hollow tubes and can sliding connection in the hollow tube, form piston structure.
2. The adaptive chute seed dryer of claim 1 further comprising a PID adjusting device, wherein the PID adjusting device comprises a detecting device and a PID controller, the detecting device is installed at the air outlet for detecting the water content in the air blown out from the air outlet, the PID controller is fixed on the rear wall of the dryer housing, the PID controller is connected to each of the automatic jacks, the detecting device is connected to the PID controller, the detecting device transmits the water content data to the PID controller, and the PID controller adjusts the height of the jacking rod of each of the automatic jacks according to the water content data, so that the conveying sprocket is inclined or horizontal.
3. The adaptive chute seed dryer of claim 1 wherein each hollow tube is provided at its upper end with a vent disposed radially therethrough.
4. The adaptive chute seed dryer of claim 1 wherein the transfer sprocket is fixed to the top bar at an intermediate position.
5. A drying method of an adaptive slideway seed dryer is realized by adopting the adaptive slideway seed dryer as claimed in claim 2,3 or 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, switching on hot air, switching on a power supply of a dryer, placing seeds in a seed containing device at a feeding air inlet, enabling the seeds to enter a dryer shell from the feeding air inlet and move towards a discharge port along with a conveying chain wheel, introducing the hot air into the whole dryer shell from the feeding air inlet to dry the seeds, and blowing out the hot air from an air outlet above;
step 2, the PID adjusting device starts to work, the height of the ejection ejector rod of the automatic jack at the rightmost end is adjusted to a set value, the detection device detects the water content s in hot air blown out of the air outlet and transmits the water content s to the PID controller, and the PID controller respectively adjusts the heights of the ejection ejector rods of the automatic jacks at the leftmost end and the middle part according to the water content s, so that the conveying chain wheel forms an inclined plane type slideway;
step 3, the PID controller judges whether the detected water content s is larger than a standard value s0, if the detected water content s is larger than the standard value s0, the PID controller controls ejector rods on the three automatic jacks at the leftmost end and the middle to lift, and the conveying chain wheel forms an inclined plane, so that the moving speed of seeds is increased, and the drying time is shortened; on the contrary, if the detected water content s is less than the standard value s0, the ejector rods on the three automatic jacks at the leftmost end and the middle part are controlled to fall, the angle of the inclined plane formed by the transmission chain wheel is reduced, the moving speed of the seeds is reduced, and the drying time is prolonged;
and 4, updating the water content s in real time by the detection device, repeating the step 3 and controlling the three automatic jacks at the leftmost end and the middle part to drive the ejector rod to lift by referring to the mode PID controller in the step 2, and finely adjusting the height of the conveying chain wheel.
6. The drying method of an adaptive chute seed dryer as claimed in claim 5, wherein step 5 is performed after step 4: when the drying is stopped, the external seed input is stopped firstly, then the PID controller is used for adjusting each automatic jack to drive the ejector rod to reset, the conveying chain wheel returns to the horizontal position, then the PID adjusting device is closed, the hot air input is closed, and the drying of the seeds is completed.
7. The drying method of the self-adaptive chute seed dryer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the specific process of the PID controller adjusting the heights of the ejection mandrils of the three automatic jacks at the leftmost end and the middle part respectively according to the water content s in the step 2 is as follows:
the PID controller firstly calculates the height h of the ejector rod on the automatic jack at the leftmost end, which needs to extend, according to the water content s detected by the detection device, and the calculation formula is as follows:
because the position of the mandril on the automatic jack at the rightmost end is not changed, the mandril is positioned according to a formula
Calculating the height h of the middle three automatic jacks to jack out the ejector rod i ；
H is the height of the ejector rod on the automatic jack at the leftmost end, and the unit is m;
s is the water content detected by the detection device, and the unit is Kg/m 3 ；
e is the Euler number, is a constant, take the value 2.71828;
m is the average mass of seeds entering the shell of the dryer and is in kg;
l is the length of the transmission chain wheel and has the unit of m;
h i the height of the ejector rod on the ith automatic jack counted from the left needs to extend is m;
l i is the horizontal distance from the ith jack counted from the left to the rightmost jack, and the unit is m.
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| CN202211178472.7A CN115574580A (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Self-adaptive slide channel seed dryer and drying method thereof |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH065491U (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1994-01-25 | 秋山 平八 | Draining boiled small fish, cooling and drying equipment |
| CN2689141Y (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2005-03-30 | 张树静 | Foldable particle driers |
| CN101487660A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-07-22 | 张连发 | Rubbish drying machine |
| CN107973080A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-01 | 新乡市振英机械设备有限公司 | It is a kind of can automatic controlled height ribbon conveyer |
| CN111345141A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-30 | 徐州双源农业发展有限公司 | Crop seed drying machine |
| CN211823510U (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-10-30 | 程洪连 | Intelligent energy-saving heat-preservation drying room |
| CN213631420U (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-07-06 | 安徽省创富种业有限公司 | Continuity type seed drying equipment |
-
2022
- 2022-09-26 CN CN202211178472.7A patent/CN115574580A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH065491U (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1994-01-25 | 秋山 平八 | Draining boiled small fish, cooling and drying equipment |
| CN2689141Y (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2005-03-30 | 张树静 | Foldable particle driers |
| CN101487660A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-07-22 | 张连发 | Rubbish drying machine |
| CN107973080A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-01 | 新乡市振英机械设备有限公司 | It is a kind of can automatic controlled height ribbon conveyer |
| CN111345141A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-30 | 徐州双源农业发展有限公司 | Crop seed drying machine |
| CN211823510U (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-10-30 | 程洪连 | Intelligent energy-saving heat-preservation drying room |
| CN213631420U (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-07-06 | 安徽省创富种业有限公司 | Continuity type seed drying equipment |
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Inventor after: Tian Wanyi Inventor after: Zhu Xuanjie Inventor after: He Jianda Inventor after: Liu Yanhao Inventor before: Tian Wanyi Inventor before: Zhu Xuanjie Inventor before: He Jianda Inventor before: Liu Yanhao Inventor before: Jiang Chao |