CN115566329A - Directional exploding soft-packaged battery core, battery module and battery package that spout - Google Patents

Directional exploding soft-packaged battery core, battery module and battery package that spout Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115566329A
CN115566329A CN202111276681.0A CN202111276681A CN115566329A CN 115566329 A CN115566329 A CN 115566329A CN 202111276681 A CN202111276681 A CN 202111276681A CN 115566329 A CN115566329 A CN 115566329A
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China
Prior art keywords
explosion
edge
proof
spraying
soft
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Pending
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CN202111276681.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈剑伟
刘丽荣
王书敬
熊得军
李明会
孟晓茜
王万林
张文斌
董少海
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Farasis Energy Ganzhou Co Ltd
Farasis Energy Zhenjiang Co Ltd
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Farasis Energy Ganzhou Co Ltd
Farasis Energy Zhenjiang Co Ltd
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Publication of CN115566329A publication Critical patent/CN115566329A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105Pouches or flexible bags
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a directional explosion-spraying soft-packaged battery cell, a battery module and a battery pack. According to the invention, the anti-explosion spraying layer is coated at the edge sealing part or the lug of the cell body, and the edge sealing is covered, so that the edge sealing is reinforced, when the thermal runaway of the cell body occurs, the anti-explosion spraying layer can play a role in guiding electrolyte in a soft-package cell and high-temperature gas generated during the thermal runaway, and has a pressure locking effect on the edge sealing of the soft-package cell, so that the electrolyte and the high-temperature gas are sprayed out from the untreated surface or the edge sealing part, the directional spraying of the cell is realized, the flame burning caused by the thermal runaway of the battery is effectively prevented, and the potential safety hazard after the thermal runaway of the battery is effectively slowed down.

Description

Directional exploding soft-packaged battery core, battery module and battery package that spout
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, in particular to a soft package battery cell capable of directional explosion spraying, a battery module and a battery pack.
Background
The lithium battery can be divided into a cylindrical battery cell, a square-shell battery cell and a soft-package battery cell according to different packaging forms, wherein the soft-package battery cell has the advantages of good safety, light weight, high energy density, good electrochemical performance, long cycle life and the like. However, the soft-package battery cell has the problem that the explosion spraying direction is uncertain when the thermal runaway occurs, which seriously hinders the development of the soft-package battery cell.
The surface of the soft-package battery cell is made of an aluminum-plastic film composite material, and the aluminum-plastic film composite material generally consists of an outer barrier layer (nylon + PET, nylon or PET), an aluminum layer and a high barrier layer (polypropylene). Polypropylene is flammable, has a melting point of about 189 ℃, softens at about 155 ℃, has viscosity, and generally has a use temperature range of-30-140 ℃. Therefore, the heat-sealing of the soft-package battery cell is that the polypropylene layer is melted and bonded together under the heating action of the end socket. When the electric core is out of control, the temperature inside the electric core suddenly increases, the polypropylene of the edge sealing material of the aluminum plastic film of the soft package electric core can be softened or melted along with the rise of the temperature, and the electrolyte inside the soft package electric core and the gas generated when the electrolyte is out of control can be popped out from the softened or melted edge sealing of the polypropylene. When the soft package battery cell is out of control due to heat, any edge sealing part of the aluminum-plastic film can be melted, and electrolyte in the battery cell and gas generated by the electrolyte can be blown out from one or more edge sealing parts. The uncertainty of electric core burst spraying can ignite other batteries or modules rapidly, and the battery module or battery PACK (PACK) can fail in a short time.
At present, most of the applications in the thermal runaway prevention and control of the battery core are to paste mica sheets, mica air bags or pouring sealant at a certain position of a module by using glue at the edge sealing position of the battery core, but the several forms can only be used for the protection at the initial stage of the thermal runaway. For example, patent document CN206564279U discloses a flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulating board and a battery pack. The flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulating plate is only suitable for heat insulation and fire prevention of a large area of a plurality of regular battery cells and is not suitable for protection of irregular weak areas such as a single battery cell edge sealing position and the like. And the battery is heavy due to the thick thickness, is not beneficial to the installation and the use of the battery pack and has no effect on the directional explosion spraying of the battery cell. Patent document CN 212485407U discloses a structure for delaying thermal runaway. This structure only enables the utmost point ear side eruption of modular unit, can not control the directional position of exploding and spouting of single electric core, and the structure is thick and heavy complicated, is unfavorable for the installation and the use of group battery, is unfavorable for the lightweight demand of battery, is unfavorable for the industrialization. The protection structure in the patent document with publication number CN106785225A can only be used for heat insulation protection below 120 ℃, and can only be used for local fire prevention and heat insulation between cells in a module, and cannot be used for directional explosion spraying of single cells.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more of the technical problems, the invention provides a soft package battery cell, a battery module and a battery pack for directional explosion spraying.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a directional soft-packaged electrical core that explodes and spout, includes the electric core body, the banding of electric core body spouts the region and the explosion-proof region of spouting including directional explosion, the explosion-proof region of spouting of banding is equipped with the explosion-proof spraying layer of living this explosion-proof regional cladding of spouting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the anti-explosion spraying layer is coated at the edge sealing part or the lug of the cell body, and the edge sealing is covered, so that the edge sealing is reinforced, when the thermal runaway of the cell body occurs, the anti-explosion spraying layer can play a role in guiding electrolyte in a soft-package cell and high-temperature gas generated during the thermal runaway, and has a pressure locking effect on the edge sealing of the soft-package cell, so that the electrolyte and the high-temperature gas are sprayed out from the untreated surface or the edge sealing part, the directional spraying of the cell is realized, the flame burning caused by the thermal runaway of the battery is effectively prevented, and the potential safety hazard after the thermal runaway of the battery is effectively slowed down.
The explosion-proof spraying layer can be made of ceramic silicon rubber which has the same performance as common silicon rubber at normal temperature, but the self-supporting ceramic product formed after high-temperature ignition has certain strength and can bear certain impact force, so that the ablation of 1000 ℃ open fire can be resisted, and the integrity of the product can be kept. Because the ceramic silicon rubber does not need to be added with a large amount of halogen flame retardant like flame-retardant silicon rubber, the ceramic silicon rubber is more environment-friendly during combustion and does not generate toxic gas and smoke. And as the sintering temperature increases, the volume resistivity thereof also decreases. The ceramic silicon rubber mainly comprises organic silica gel, a supporting filler, a fluxing agent, a flame retardant, a ceramic forming auxiliary agent and the like. The ceramic silicon rubber has the advantages of low viscosity, good fluidity, easy operation, small shrinkage, good tensile strength, difficult deformation, hardness suitable for product use, high temperature resistance, multiple mold turnover times, long service life, acid and alkali resistance and aging resistance. The explosion-proof spraying layer on the battery core can use different types of ceramic silicon rubber according to different occasions and requirements, such as foaming type and non-foaming type, the non-foaming type has simple manufacturability, mass production can be realized in a short time, and the heat insulation performance is excellent; the foaming type is greatly influenced by temperature and humidity, and the process requirement is strict, so that the cost can be saved, the weight of the battery cell can be reduced, and the requirement of light weight of new energy can be met. The explosion-proof spray coating can also be liquid ceramic silicon rubber, has good fluidity, is easy to form in a die, is convenient to directly coat on the battery cell, and has few defects.
PET or nylon on the outer layer of the aluminum plastic film and ceramic silicon rubber are utilized to form a composite structure. When the soft package battery cell is out of control due to heat, the silica gel matrix in the ceramic silicon rubber is heated and decomposed, so that the temperature of the surface of the soft package battery cell provided with the ceramic silicon rubber is reduced; with the rise of temperature, the ceramic forming cosolvent such as amorphous silica and low-melting-point glass powder generated by the decomposition of the matrix is gradually melted to form a liquid phase substance in a silica gel system, and the amorphous silica generated by the decomposition of the matrix is connected with a temperature-resistant ceramic forming filler (such as mica, kaolin, wollastonite) to form a eutectic mixture at the boundary of the filler. The eutectic mixture bridges between the amorphous silica and the filler, thereby allowing it to remain intact at the ignition temperature. Along with the rise of temperature, the ceramic filler, the amorphous silica and the eutectic mixture are mutually permeated more fully, the filler boundary disappears, new inorganic phase is generated, and a continuous, complete and compact ceramic body structure is formed. The decomposition of the silica gel matrix absorbs partial heat, and the temperature of the edge sealing position of the aluminum plastic film and the ceramic silicon rubber sealed at the position can not be burnt at the surface or the edge sealing position. Substances such as heat, electrolyte and the like in the battery cell are sprayed out from the surface or the weak part of the edge sealing, so that the purpose of directional explosion spraying is achieved. Therefore, the ceramic silicon rubber can effectively prevent the random spraying of electrolyte or high-temperature gas, and greatly delay the thermal runaway time of PACK.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof spray coating comprises the following steps: available plasma cleaning battery body's plastic-aluminum membrane surface especially sets up explosion-proof spraying layer department, packs the laminate polymer battery core into the mould, pours into the appropriate amount coating of mould into, treats that the coating takes out the laminate polymer battery core from the mould after the regional solidification shaping of directional explosion-spray of laminate polymer battery core. And in order to effectively bond and fix the anti-explosion spraying layer and the aluminum plastic film of the soft-package battery cell, a layer of adhesive can be coated on the anti-explosion spraying area of the soft-package battery cell, and then the soft-package battery cell is placed into the mold. The adhesive can be the existing organic silicon adhesive.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the explosion-proof spraying area is a continuous area or a plurality of areas at intervals.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: can set up a continuous explosion-proof area of spouting or the explosion-proof area of spouting of a plurality of interval arrangements at the banding of electricity core body as required to adapt to different explosion-proof needs of spouting and battery module structure.
Further, the edge sealing of the battery cell body comprises a first edge sealing and a second edge sealing, and a tab is arranged at the first edge sealing; the anti-explosion spraying layer is arranged on the whole edge of the first edge sealing, or the anti-explosion spraying layer is arranged on the whole edge of the second edge sealing and the non-tab junction of the first edge sealing, or the anti-explosion spraying layer is arranged on the whole edge of the second edge sealing and the tab junction of the first edge sealing, or the anti-explosion spraying layer is arranged on the whole edge of the first edge sealing and a part of the second edge sealing, or the tab junction of the first edge sealing and the middle position of the second edge sealing are provided with the anti-explosion spraying layer; or an explosion-proof spraying layer is arranged on part of the first sealing edge and/or the second sealing edge.
The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: the anti-explosion spraying layer can be coated in various ways, and can be arranged on two sides of the whole second edge sealing without a lug, so that when thermal runaway occurs in a soft package battery cell, directional explosion spraying can be performed from the first edge sealing; the anti-explosion spraying layer can be arranged on two sides of the whole first sealed edge provided with the tabs, and when thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell, directional explosion spraying can be carried out from the second sealed edge; explosion-proof spraying layers can be arranged on the two sides of the whole second edge sealing and the non-tab position of the first edge sealing, and when thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell, directional explosion spraying can be carried out from the tab position of the first edge sealing; explosion-proof spraying layers can be arranged on the two sides of the whole second edge sealing and the lug of the first edge sealing, and when thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell, directional explosion spraying can be carried out from the non-lug position of the first edge sealing; the two sides of the whole first sealing edge and one part of the second sealing edge can be provided with an anti-explosion spraying layer, and when thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell, the anti-explosion spraying layer can perform directional explosion spraying from the other part of the second sealing edge; explosion-proof spraying layers can be arranged at the lug of the first sealing edge and the position of the second sealing edge far away from the corner of the first sealing edge, and when thermal runaway occurs in the soft-package battery cell, the explosion-proof spraying can be directionally sprayed from the corner joint of the first sealing edge and the second sealing edge; can be provided with the explosion-proof spraying layer on the partly of first banding and/or second banding, the explosion-proof spraying layer can be in succession or the interval sets up, when the thermal runaway takes place for soft-packaged electrical core, can follow the directional blowout in position that first banding and second banding did not set up the explosion-proof spraying layer.
Furthermore, the explosion-proof spraying layer covers the two sides of the edge seal and the joint of the end part.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the explosion-proof spraying layer coats the two sides of the edge sealing and the joint of the end part, so that the connecting structure of the edge sealing is strengthened, and the explosion spraying of the edge sealing area where the explosion-proof spraying layer is located is prevented.
Further, the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating is 1-5 mm.
The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: through rationally injecing the thickness on explosion-proof spraying layer, make the lock to banding press the effect reliable and stable, can not cause the excessive waste of coating yet. An excessively thin explosion-proof sprayed layer may not be stable enough to lock the edge, and an excessively thick explosion-proof sprayed layer may cause paint waste.
Furthermore, the electrode lugs of the battery cell body are located on the same first sealing edge, or the electrode lugs of the battery cell body are located on two different first sealing edges respectively.
Further, the battery cell body comprises four sealed edges or three sealed edges, wherein one or two sealed edges are provided with tabs.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the battery cell body can be folded by a sheet of aluminum-plastic film to form an edge sealing structure or folded by two sheets of aluminum-plastic films to form an edge sealing structure.
Further, be equipped with the gluing layer on the explosion-proof region of spouting, the explosion-proof spraying layer is established on the explosion-proof region of spouting through the gluing layer.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: through setting up the gluing layer, make the connection of explosion-proof spraying layer and plastic-aluminum membrane more firm stable.
The utility model provides a battery module of directional explosion, includes the soft packet of electricity core of above-mentioned directional explosion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the battery module, the soft package battery cell adopting the directional explosion spraying can effectively prevent flame series burning caused by thermal runaway of the battery in the battery module, effectively alleviate potential safety hazards after the thermal runaway of the battery, and delay the time of the thermal runaway of the battery module.
The utility model provides a battery package of directional explosion, includes foretell battery module, is equipped with the guard plate between the adjacent battery module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the battery pack can realize the directional burst spraying of the battery core, effectively prevent the flame from being burnt due to the thermal runaway of the battery, effectively slow down the potential safety hazard after the thermal runaway of the battery and delay the time of the thermal runaway of the battery module or the battery pack.
Drawings
Fig. 1a is a schematic sectional structural diagram of an aluminum-plastic film with an anti-explosion spray coating of a soft-package battery cell of the invention;
FIG. 1b is a schematic sectional structure diagram of an aluminum-plastic film with an anti-explosion spray coating of the soft-packaged battery cell of the invention;
fig. 1c is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an aluminum-plastic film with an anti-explosion spray coating of the soft-packaged battery cell of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell body in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the soft-package battery cell shown in fig. 2, in which an explosion-proof spray coating layer is arranged at a tab;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the soft-package battery cell shown in fig. 2, in which a directional blasting coating is provided at the edge sealing position;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell body in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the soft-package battery cell shown in fig. 5, in which a directional explosion-spray coating is arranged at a tab;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the soft-package battery cell shown in fig. 5, in which a directional explosion-spray coating layer is arranged at the edge sealing position;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell body according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the soft-packaged battery cell shown in fig. 8, in which a directional blasting coating is provided at a tab;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the soft-package battery cell shown in fig. 8, in which a directional blasting coating is provided at the edge sealing position.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. a cell body; 2. an aluminum plastic film; 21. aluminum foil; 22. a PET layer; 23. a nylon layer; 24. a polypropylene layer; 3. a tab; 4. first edge sealing; 41. second edge sealing; 5. an explosion-proof spray coating; 6. and (4) directionally exploding the nozzle.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the soft-packaged electrical core with directional explosion spraying of this embodiment includes an electrical core body 1, the edge sealing of the electrical core body 1 includes a directional explosion spraying area and an explosion spraying area, and the explosion spraying area of the edge sealing is provided with an explosion spraying layer 5 that covers the explosion spraying area. The directional blasting area can be a continuous area, or can be two or more areas, and can be set according to the requirement. When thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell, a directional blowout opening 6 is formed at the directional blowout area, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 6, 9 and 10.
The composition of the aluminum plastic film 2 of the embodiment has three modes: as shown in fig. 1a, the aluminum plastic film 2 is sequentially provided with a polypropylene layer 24 (PP layer), an aluminum foil 21, a nylon layer 23 and a PET layer 22 from inside to outside, and the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is arranged on the PET layer 22. And as shown in fig. 1b, the aluminum plastic film 2 is sequentially provided with a polypropylene layer 24 (PP layer), an aluminum foil 21 and a PET layer 22 from inside to outside, and the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is arranged on the PET layer 22. And thirdly, as shown in fig. 1c, the aluminum plastic film 2 is sequentially provided with a polypropylene layer 24 (PP layer), an aluminum foil 21 and a nylon layer 23 from inside to outside, and the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is arranged on the nylon layer 23.
The explosion-proof sprayed coating 5 of the embodiment covers both sides of the edge seal and the joint of the end parts. The explosion-proof spraying layer strengthens the connection structure of the edge sealing by covering the two sides of the edge sealing and the end part joint part, and prevents the explosion spraying of the edge sealing area where the explosion-proof spraying layer is located.
The explosion-proof sprayed coating 5 of the present embodiment is only required to cover both sides of the edge seal and the joint of the end portions. In order to increase the locking effect, a preferable scheme of this embodiment is that the width of the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is not less than the width of the edge sealing, the locking is all strengthened in the connection area of the edge sealing, the strengthening effect is obvious, and the explosion spraying from the edge sealing is prevented.
In order to make the connection of explosion-proof spraying layer 5 and plastic-aluminum membrane 2 more firm stable, be equipped with the gluing layer on the explosion-proof spraying region, explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is established on the explosion-proof spraying region through the gluing layer.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is 1-5 mm, and the selectable thicknesses are 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, and 5mm. Through rationally injecing the thickness on explosion-proof spraying layer, make the lock to the banding press the effect reliable and stable, can not cause the excessive waste of coating yet. An excessively thin explosion-proof spray coating may not be stable enough to lock the edge seal, and an excessively thick explosion-proof spray coating may cause paint waste.
The electric core body 1 of this embodiment adopts two plastic-aluminum membranes 2 to paste and form the banding structure, as shown in fig. 2-4, 8-10, electric core body 1 has four banding to adopt the form that the heteropleural goes out utmost point ear, wherein is equipped with utmost point ear 3 on two relative banding, does not set up utmost point ear 3 on the other two banding.
As shown in fig. 2 to 10, the seal edge of the battery cell body 1 of this embodiment includes a first seal edge 4 and a second seal edge 41, and a tab 3 is disposed at the first seal edge 4; the directional blasting region can be on first banding, also can be on the second banding, also can all set up on first banding and second banding, based on this, the specific setting mode that the coating has the blast-proof regional of spouting of blast-proof spraying layer can choose for use following several kinds:
the first embodiment is as follows: the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is arranged on the whole edge of the first edge sealing 4, as shown in fig. 3 and 9, the explosion-proof spraying layer can be arranged at the whole first edge sealing position provided with a tab, and when the thermal runaway of the soft package battery core occurs, the explosion-proof spraying can be directionally sprayed from the directional explosion nozzle 6 at the second edge sealing position;
the second embodiment is as follows: the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is arranged on the whole edge of the second sealed edge 41, as shown in fig. 4 and 10, the explosion-proof spray coating layer can be arranged only at the whole second sealed edge without a tab, and when thermal runaway of the soft package battery cell occurs, the explosion-proof spray coating layer can be directionally sprayed from the directional explosion nozzle 6 at the first sealed edge;
the third concrete implementation mode: the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is arranged on the whole edge of the second sealing edge 41 and the non-tab junction of the first sealing edge 4, and can be sprayed directionally from the tab of the first sealing edge when the soft-package battery cell is out of control due to heat;
the fourth concrete implementation mode: the whole edge of the second sealed edge 41 and the tab junction of the first sealed edge 4 are provided with an explosion-proof spray coating layer 5, and when thermal runaway of a soft-package battery cell occurs, directional explosion spray can be carried out from the non-tab position of the first sealed edge;
the fifth concrete implementation mode: the whole edge of the first sealing edge 4 and one part of the second sealing edge 41 are provided with an explosion-proof spraying layer 5, and when thermal runaway of the soft package battery cell occurs, the explosion-proof spraying layer can be directionally sprayed from the other part of the second sealing edge;
the sixth specific implementation mode is as follows: the utmost point ear junction department of first banding 4 reaches the intermediate position of second banding 41 is equipped with explosion-proof spraying layer 5, can keep away from first banding turning promptly and the position at non-turning at utmost point ear department of first banding and second banding and set up explosion-proof spraying layer, when soft-packaged battery core takes place the thermal runaway, can follow the directional blowout in the turning junction of first banding and second banding. This embodiment is through the banding department at electric core body or utmost point ear department coating explosion-proof spraying layer, and live the banding cladding, carry out the enhancement processing to the banding, when electric core body takes place the thermal runaway, the explosion-proof spraying layer can play the guide effect to the inside electrolyte of laminate polymer core and the high-temperature gas that produces when the thermal runaway, the banding to laminate polymer core has the lock and presses the effect, make their surface or the banding department that never handle explode and spout, realize the directional blowout of electric core, effectively prevent the flame string fever that the battery thermal runaway caused, effectively slow down the potential safety hazard after the battery thermal runaway.
Example 2
Different from embodiment 1, the battery cell body 1 of this embodiment also adopts two aluminum-plastic films to paste to form an edge sealing structure, and the battery cell body 1 also has four edge seals, but adopts a form of leading out tabs at the same side, that is, a tab is arranged on any one edge seal, and no tab is arranged on the other three edge seals. The sealed edge provided with the pole lug is a first sealed edge, and the sealed edge without the pole lug is a second sealed edge.
Example 3
Different from the embodiment 1, the cell body 1 of the embodiment adopts a sealing edge structure formed by folding a sheet of aluminum-plastic film in half, the cell body 1 has three sealing edges, and adopts a mode of leading out tabs from different sides, that is, two sealing edges oppositely arranged are provided with tabs, and the other sealing edge is not provided with a tab. The sealed edge provided with the pole ear is a first sealed edge, and the sealed edge without the pole ear is a second sealed edge.
Example 4
Different from embodiment 1, the battery cell body 1 of this embodiment adopts a sealed edge structure formed by folding a sheet of aluminum-plastic film in half, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the battery cell body 1 has three sealed edges, and adopts a form of leading out tabs on the same side, that is, any one of the sealed edges is provided with a tab, and the other sealed edge is not provided with a tab. The sealed edge provided with the pole lug is a first sealed edge, and the sealed edge without the pole lug is a second sealed edge. Fig. 6 and 7 correspond to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of example 1, respectively.
Corresponding to the first embodiment of example 1, that is, the explosion-proof sprayed layer 5 is disposed on the entire edge of the first sealing edge 4, as shown in fig. 6, the explosion-proof sprayed layer may be disposed only on the entire first sealing edge where the tab is disposed, and when the thermal runaway of the soft package battery core occurs, the directional spray from the directional spray opening 6 at the second sealing edge may be performed.
Corresponding to the second specific implementation manner of embodiment 1, the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is disposed on the whole edge of the second sealing edge 41, as shown in fig. 7, the explosion-proof spray coating layer may be disposed only at the whole second sealing edge where no tab is disposed, and when thermal runaway occurs in the soft package battery cell, directional spray from the directional spray opening 6 at the first sealing edge may be performed.
Example 5
The battery module of directional blowout of this embodiment includes the soft package battery core of directional blowout of any embodiment of above-mentioned embodiment 1-embodiment 4. The soft package battery cell in the battery module of this embodiment may partially set up to the soft package battery cell of the directional burst of any embodiment of above-mentioned embodiment 1 to embodiment 4, and also may all set up to the soft package battery cell of the directional burst of any embodiment of above-mentioned embodiment 1 to embodiment 4. Each soft-packaged electrical core in the battery module can be provided with on the same position banding explosion-proof spraying layer 5, the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 on the same position banding of different soft-packaged electrical cores corresponds the setting or staggers the setting, and the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 on the same position banding of different soft-packaged electrical cores sets up the position promptly and can the same, also can be different, as long as all soft-packaged electrical cores's explosion-proof spraying layer 5 all be located on the same position banding can.
The battery module of this embodiment is through being provided with each laminate polymer core in the battery module on the same position banding explosion-proof spraying layer, every laminate polymer core's orientation explodes to spout the direction the same, is favorable to follow-up to carry out prevention and control to orientation explosion-proof spraying position on battery module or battery package, for example can set up explosion-proof spraying through-hole etc. at the explosion-proof spraying position that corresponds every laminate polymer core on the same lateral wall of the casing of battery module.
Example 6
The battery pack of directional explosion spraying of this embodiment includes the battery module of above-mentioned embodiment 5, is equipped with the guard plate between the adjacent battery module.
The battery pack of this embodiment can realize the directional blowout of electric core, effectively prevents the flame cluster that battery thermal runaway caused and burns, effectively slows down the potential safety hazard behind the battery thermal runaway, can delay battery module or battery pack thermal runaway's time.
And aiming at the soft package battery cell prepared by the embodiment, the anti-explosion spraying layers with different thicknesses are adopted to carry out directional explosion spraying effect test.
Test example 1: and (3) performing directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the first embodiment of the embodiment 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is 1mm.
Test example 2: and (3) performing directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the first embodiment of the embodiment 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is 5mm.
Test example 3: and performing a directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the first embodiment of example 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is 10mm.
Test example 4: and (3) performing directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the first embodiment of the embodiment 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is 0.5mm.
Test example 5: the difference from the test example 1 is that the directional explosion-spray coating adopts foaming type paint, other conditions are the same as the test example 1, the obtained soft package battery core is prepared, the directional explosion-spray effect test is carried out, and the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating 5 is 1mm.
Test example 6: and (3) performing directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the second specific embodiment of the embodiment 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is 1mm.
Test example 7: and performing a directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the third specific embodiment of example 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is 1mm.
Test example 8: and (3) performing directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the fourth specific embodiment of the embodiment 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spraying layer 5 is 1mm.
Test example 9: and performing a directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the fifth specific embodiment of example 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is 1mm.
Test example 10: and performing a directional explosion spraying effect test on the soft package battery cell prepared in the sixth specific embodiment of example 1, wherein the thickness of the explosion-proof spray coating layer 5 is 1mm.
The specific test method comprises the following steps: fix the soft-packaged electrical core and the heating plate of directional explosion with anchor clamps, the soft-packaged electrical core that the orientation was exploded through the heating plate heating makes its thermal runaway, observes the position that soft-packaged electrical core exploded to spout and explodes and spouts the time, explodes and spouts the effect and see table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003329655590000101
Figure BDA0003329655590000111
Known from the above test example, the explosion-proof area provided with the directional explosion-proof coating can not be subjected to explosion spraying when the thermal runaway of the soft-package battery cell occurs, and the directional explosion-proof area without the directional explosion-proof coating can be subjected to directional explosion spraying when the thermal runaway of the soft-package battery cell occurs. And the thickness range of the directional explosion-spraying coating layer which is less than the thickness range of the directional explosion-spraying coating layer defined by the embodiment can not play a role in locking pressure and preventing explosion-spraying. And the foaming type directional blasting coating or the non-foaming type directional blasting coating can play a role in strengthening the pressure locking effect on the anti-blasting area of the edge sealing.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "width", "thickness", "upper", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "a preferred embodiment," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a directional soft-packaged electrical core that explodes and spout, its characterized in that, includes electric core body (1), the banding of electric core body (1) spouts the region and the explosion-proof region of spouting including directional explosion, the explosion-proof region of spouting of banding is equipped with explosion-proof spraying layer (5) of living this explosion-proof regional cladding of spouting.
2. The oriented blowout-oriented soft-package battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the blowout-resistant area is a continuous area or a plurality of spaced areas.
3. The oriented burst-spraying soft package battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the sealed edges of the battery cell body (1) comprise a first sealed edge (4) and a second sealed edge (41), and a tab (3) is arranged at the first sealed edge (4); the anti-explosion spraying layer (5) is arranged on the whole edge of the first edge sealing edge (4), or the anti-explosion spraying layer (5) is arranged on the whole edge of the second edge sealing edge (41) and the non-tab junction of the first edge sealing edge (4), or the anti-explosion spraying layer (5) is arranged on the whole edge of the second edge sealing edge (41) and the tab junction of the first edge sealing edge (4), or the anti-explosion spraying layer (5) is arranged on the whole edge of the first edge sealing edge (4) and one part of the second edge sealing edge (41), or the tab junction of the first edge sealing edge (4) and the middle position of the second edge sealing edge (41) are provided with the anti-explosion spraying layer (5); or an explosion-proof spraying layer is arranged on part of the first sealing edge and/or the second sealing edge.
4. The oriented explosion-proof soft-packaged battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof sprayed layer (5) covers both sides of the edge seal and the end connection.
5. The oriented explosion-blown soft-package battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the explosion-proof sprayed layer (5) is 1-5 mm.
6. The oriented blowout soft package battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the tabs (3) of the battery cell body (1) are located on the same first sealed edge (4), or the tabs (3) of the battery cell body (1) are located on two different first sealed edges (4), respectively.
7. The oriented burst-spraying soft package battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the battery cell body (1) comprises four or three sealed edges, and one or two sealed edges are provided with tabs (3).
8. The soft package battery core for directional explosion spraying according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive layer is arranged on the explosion-proof spraying area, the explosion-proof spraying layer (5) is arranged on the explosion-proof spraying area through the adhesive layer, and the material used for the explosion-proof spraying layer (5) is ceramic silicone rubber, preferably liquid ceramic silicone rubber.
9. A battery module of directional explosion spraying, which is characterized by comprising the soft package battery core of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A battery pack sprayed in an oriented manner, comprising the battery modules according to claim 9, wherein a protective plate is disposed between the adjacent battery modules.
CN202111276681.0A 2021-07-01 2021-10-29 Directional exploding soft-packaged battery core, battery module and battery package that spout Pending CN115566329A (en)

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