CN115565445A - Heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method - Google Patents
Heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method, which comprises a bearing box body, wherein the inside of the bearing box body is of a hollow structure, one side, close to the ground, of the bearing box body is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and a square groove is arranged below each threaded hole; the simulation shaft is provided with a thread at a position corresponding to the threaded hole, the inner wall of the threaded hole is provided with a threaded groove, the simulation shaft is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, a hollow part of the simulation shaft, which is positioned in the interior of the bearing box body, is provided with a shaft slot, one end of the simulation shaft is provided with a wellhead device, and one end of the simulation shaft, which is close to the wellhead device, is also provided with a slot outer sleeve ring; the invention can meet the requirements of various types of currently known complex heterogeneous oil and gas reservoir reservoirs by simply replacing and combining different reservoir structures, does not need real reservoir rock samples with various permeability rates, can rapidly manufacture various complex reservoir reservoirs by a 3D printing technology, and has the advantages of high speed, low experimental cost, simple and strong repeatability of the provided reservoir installation method and strong experimental operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development experiments, in particular to a multi-well production and test simulation device and method for a heterogeneous oil reservoir.
Background
With the development of exploration and development technologies and theories, more and more oil and gas reservoirs with complex reservoir structures, large burial depths and abnormally high temperature and pressure methods are discovered and developed, such as northward and Mar lake oil and gas reservoirs which are explored and developed in Tarim basin in recent years. For the development of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs, due to the characteristics of complex reservoir space structure, abnormity of temperature and pressure methods and the like, the existing shallow oil and gas development theory often cannot be directly applied. Therefore, a large number of indoor simulation experiments are required to be carried out on the oil and gas flow characteristics and the development mode of the strong heterogeneous reservoir with discontinuous reservoir medium space.
For simple homogeneous reservoirs and reservoirs co-produced by multi-layer sedimentary sandstone, laboratories can still perform effective production simulation. With the development of 3D printing technology in recent years, indoor simulation of production and development of fracture-cave carbonate reservoirs is gradually developed. However, the indoor simulation device for the slot-hole discrete reservoir mainly adopts 3D printed epoxy resin for simulation, but can only simulate the reservoir condition of a selected area. The experimental device can only simulate one type of reservoir, reservoir models need to be prepared again for other similar reservoirs, and well positions need to be arranged sequentially according to the single type of reservoir after a large amount of time is spent, so that the production conditions of the similar reservoirs and the reservoirs with similar fracture-cave space structures are difficult to develop in batches.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device and method, the device of the invention can be simply replaced and combined with different reservoir structures to meet the requirements of various types of currently known complex heterogeneous oil and gas reservoir, and the method of the invention can simulate the production, test and other processes in the current oil and gas field production development stage by changing the production well position, the well working system, the well group perforation space match and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments, and in this section as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application some simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art and/or the problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, one technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to realize that only different 3D printed reservoir structures are simply replaced and combined through one device can meet the existing various types of complex heterogeneous oil and gas reservoir reservoirs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multi-well production and test simulation device for heterogeneous oil reservoirs comprises,
the bearing box body is of a hollow structure, one side, close to the ground, of the interior of the bearing box body is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and a square groove is formed below each threaded hole;
the simulation pit shaft, the position that the simulation pit shaft corresponds the screw hole is equipped with the screw thread, threaded hole inner wall has seted up the thread groove, simulation pit shaft and screw hole screwed connection, just the part that the simulation pit shaft is located bearing box body internal hollow department has evenly seted up the pit shaft slot, the one end that the screw hole was kept away from to the simulation pit shaft is provided with the wellhead assembly, the one end that the simulation pit shaft is close to the wellhead assembly still is equipped with the slot outer collar.
As a preferred scheme of the heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following steps: the wellhead assembly includes the threaded rod, the threaded rod is kept away from the one end rigid coupling that bears the weight of the box and is had the lug.
As an optimal scheme of the simulation device for multi-well production and test of the heterogeneous oil reservoir, the simulation device comprises the following components: the one end outside that the simulation pit shaft is close to wellhead assembly is equipped with the screw thread, just the thread groove has been seted up to the threaded rod inner wall, simulation pit shaft and threaded rod screwed connection.
As a preferred scheme of the heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following steps: the bearing box body further comprises a top cover, a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole is formed in the top cover, the through hole is connected with the simulation shaft in a nested mode, fixed blocks are fixedly connected to the periphery of the top cover, a fixed groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the fixed blocks, of the bearing box body, and the fixed groove is connected with the fixed blocks in a clamped mode.
As a preferred scheme of the heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device, the heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device comprises the following steps: a first groove is formed in one side, close to the ground, of the periphery of the bearing box body, and a base is clamped inside the first groove.
As an optimal scheme of the simulation device for multi-well production and test of the heterogeneous oil reservoir, the simulation device comprises the following components: different types of reservoirs can be placed inside the carrying box body, the types of reservoirs comprise,
the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir is a horizontal plate, and a plurality of first through holes are formed in the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir; the vertical single-plate reservoir is a vertical plate, and a plurality of second through holes are formed in the vertical single-plate reservoir; the whole-block-shaped reservoir is a rectangular cube, and a plurality of third through holes are formed in the whole-block-shaped reservoir; the inclined layered reservoir is an inclined plate, and a plurality of fourth through holes are formed in the inclined layered reservoir; the anticline structure reservoir is a curved plate, and a plurality of fifth through holes are formed in the anticline structure reservoir.
The heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method meets the requirements of various types of currently known complex heterogeneous oil and gas reservoir reservoirs by simply replacing and combining different reservoir structures, does not need real reservoir rock samples with various permeability rates, can quickly manufacture various complex reservoir reservoirs through a 3D printing technology, and has the advantages of high speed, low experimental cost, simple reservoir installation method, strong repeatability and strong experimental operability.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem that: the production and test processes in the current oil and gas field production development stage are simulated by changing the production well position, the well working system, the well group perforation space matching and the like.
The invention provides a multi-well production and test simulation method for heterogeneous oil reservoir, which adopts the simulation device and,
determining reservoir printing, combining and placing schemes according to different simulated reservoir types and placing methods, and installing;
determining the opening and closing state of the 9-well 27 perforation and the production and test processes needing simulation aiming at the corresponding slotting and well group schemes, and connecting the device fluid method;
and the packaging experiment device simulates the production and test processes and analyzes the change characteristics of the temperature and the pressure under different states according to the data.
As an optimal scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method, the method comprises the following steps: if the structure of the horizontal layered reservoir stratum is simulated, adopting the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir stratum; if the structure of the solution reservoir is simulated, adopting the solution reservoir; if simulating a whole reservoir structure, adopting the whole reservoir; if the inclined layered reservoir structure is simulated, adopting the inclined layered reservoir; and if the anticline reservoir structure is simulated, adopting the anticline to construct the reservoir.
As an optimal scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method, the method comprises the following steps: the production and test process to be simulated mainly comprises production, well shut-in and test of single well and multiple wells, well pattern adjustment, interference between production wells and injection and production parameter adjustment before injection and production wells.
As an optimal scheme of the heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method, the method comprises the following steps: the simulation of the production and test process comprises the steps of installing a 3D printing reservoir simulation target oil-gas reservoir, simulating an injection well or a production well by using a simulation perforation shaft, recording wellhead pressure and yield by using a simulation shaft pressure gauge and a flow meter, and simulating and analyzing various shaft bottom test pressure and temperature data by using a temperature and pressure storage at the shaft bottom.
The heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the production and test processes in the current oil and gas field production development stage are simulated by changing the working system of a production well position and a well, matching and the like in the perforation space of a well group, not only can various complex reservoirs be simulated independently, but also the co-production process of several different reservoirs can be simulated simultaneously, not only can the single-well production and test process be simulated independently, but also the production and test process of multiple wells can be simulated simultaneously, the experimental device has comprehensive functions, and the production and test processes of different groups can be simulated simultaneously in batches, the experimental operation time is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-well production and test simulation device for a heterogeneous oil reservoir according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and testing simulation device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulated wellbore in a multi-well production and test simulation device for a heterogeneous reservoir according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation method for multi-well production and testing of a heterogeneous reservoir according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal single-plate layered reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a vertical single plate reservoir provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a monolithic reservoir provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a slanted lamellar reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a reservoir with anticline structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration when describing the embodiments of the present invention, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a simulation apparatus for multi-well production and testing of heterogeneous reservoirs, including,
the bearing box body 100 is a hollow structure, one side of the bearing box body 100, which is close to the ground, is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 101 for loading device components, a square groove 102 is arranged below each threaded hole 101, a temperature and pressure storage 102a is arranged in each square groove 102 and used for storing relevant temperature and pressure data required by an experiment, the bearing box body further comprises a top cover 103, the top cover 103 is provided with a through hole 103a corresponding to the threaded hole 101, the through hole 103a is connected with the simulation shaft 200 in a nested manner, one side of the periphery of the bearing box body 100, which is close to the ground, is provided with a first groove 104, a base 105 is clamped in the first groove 104, different types of reservoir layers 300 can be placed in the bearing box body 100, and each reservoir layer 300 comprises a horizontal single-plate reservoir layer 301, wherein the horizontal single-plate reservoir layer 301 is a horizontal plate, the horizontal single-plate reservoir layer 301 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 301a, a vertical Shan Banzhuang reservoir layer 302, the vertical single-plate reservoir layer 302 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 302a, 303, and a square reservoir layer 303 is provided with a plurality of third through holes 303a; the inclined layered reservoir layer 304, wherein the inclined layered reservoir layer 304 is an inclined plate, and a plurality of fourth through holes 304a are formed in the inclined plate; the anticline structure reservoir 305 is a curved plate, and a plurality of fifth through holes 305a are formed in the anticline structure reservoir 305.
The simulation shaft 200 is provided with threads at the position, corresponding to the threaded hole 101, of the simulation shaft 200, a threaded groove is formed in the inner wall of the threaded hole 101, the simulation shaft 200 is installed inside the threaded hole 104 and is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the installation and the disassembly of the device are facilitated through the threaded connection, a plurality of shaft slots 201 are uniformly formed in the part, located in the hollow part of the interior of the bearing box 100, of the simulation shaft 200, a wellhead device 202 is further arranged at one end, away from the threaded hole 101, of the simulation shaft 200, the simulation shaft 200 can be locked, the wellhead device 202 comprises a threaded rod 202a, a protruding block 202b is fixedly connected to one end, away from the bearing box 100, of the threaded rod 202a, a control valve 202c, a flow meter 202d and a pressure gauge 202e are arranged on the protruding block 202b and are used for controlling processes and observing data in an experiment process, threads are arranged on the outer side, of one end, close to the wellhead device, of the simulation shaft 200 is provided with the threaded rod 202, a threaded groove is formed in the inner wall, the simulation shaft 200 and is in threaded connection with the outer sleeve ring 203 for sealing the shaft slots 201.
Specifically, before application, firstly, the base 105 is fixedly placed, the simulated shaft 200 is fixed at the bottom of the bearing box body 100 through the threaded hole 101, and then, shaft slots 201 below the reservoir surface (4-port side shaft bottom slots, and the middle part and the bottom part of 1 central shaft) are sealed by using a slot outer sleeve ring 203 from the lower layer to the middle layer; secondly, placing the 3D printing simulated reservoir in the bearing box body 100, so that the simulated shaft 200 penetrates through a through hole in the reservoir; finally, all shaft slots 201 (upper part of the 4-hole side well, middle part of the 4-hole corner well and upper part) above the reservoir stratum are closed by using a slot outer sleeve ring 203, then the top cover 103 is covered, and the bearing box body 100 is sealed by a screw-mounted wellhead device 202.
Preferably, in the process of using the device, the well opening, the injection and production pressure difference of the water injection well and the production well can be simulated by opening the wellhead control valve 202c, and the pressure difference is calculated by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; the production volume between production wells can be obtained by the wellhead flowmeter 202d, and when the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stabilized, the data of the bottom temperature and pressure storage 102a is output for analyzing the bottom temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well shut-in and well production state change tests.
The device can meet the requirements of various currently known complex heterogeneous oil and gas reservoir stratums through simply replacing and combining different reservoir structures, does not need real reservoir rock samples with various permeability rates, can quickly manufacture various complex reservoir stratums through a 3D printing technology, and has the advantages of high speed, low experiment cost, simple and strong repeatability of the provided reservoir stratum installation method and strong experiment operability.
Example 2
This embodiment is a second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to fig. 5, the present invention provides a simulation method for multi-well production and testing of heterogeneous reservoir, which employs the simulation apparatus, and,
determining reservoir printing, combination and placement schemes according to different simulation reservoir types and placement methods, and installing; the reservoir types mainly include: the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir layer 301 is a horizontal plate and is provided with 9 first through holes 301a; the vertical Shan Banzhuang reservoir 302 is a vertical plate and is provided with 3 second through holes 302a; the whole-block-shaped reservoir layer 303 is a rectangular cube, and 9 third through holes 303a are formed in the whole-block-shaped reservoir layer; the inclined layered reservoir layer 304 is an inclined plate and is provided with 9 fourth through holes 304a; the anticline structure reservoir 305 is a curved plate and is provided with 9 fifth through holes 305a, and further includes single-layer, anticline trap-shaped, thick-layer sedimentary sandstone, carbonate rock, igneous rock reservoirs, in this embodiment, only the first five mentioned are taken as examples, but the reservoir is not limited in practical application, and the number of the through holes is also only exemplified and not taken as a limitation on the number, and the number can be increased or decreased according to the need in practical application.
Determining the opening and closing states of the 9-well 27 perforation and the production and test processes needing to be simulated according to the corresponding slotting and well group schemes, and connecting device fluid methods; the production and test process to be simulated mainly comprises production, well shut-in and test of single well and multiple wells, well pattern adjustment, interference between production wells, injection and production parameter adjustment before injection and production wells and the like.
The packaging experiment device simulates the production and test processes and analyzes the change characteristics of temperature and pressure under different states according to data; the simulation of the production and test process comprises the steps of installing a 3D printing reservoir simulation target oil and gas reservoir, simulating an injection well or a production well by using a simulation perforation shaft, recording wellhead pressure and yield by using a simulation shaft pressure gauge and a flow meter, and simulating various shaft bottom test pressure and temperature data by using a shaft bottom temperature and pressure storage device.
Specifically, this embodiment provides a partial 3D printing reservoir structure and its corresponding method scheme, as shown in the following table, wherein: in the slotted state scenario: 0 means closed, 1 means open; the 3 layers represent: upper, middle and lower; column 3 indicates: left, middle and right; in the well group production state scenario: + q represents drainage, -q represents flooding, 0 represents shut-in; 1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east, west.
Referring to the model sample diagram of the horizontal stratified reservoir 301 shown in fig. 6, the simulated reservoir type is a horizontal plate (1-3 boxes can be placed to simulate the horizontal stratified reservoir 301), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 1A slot status scheme (0 for closed, 1 for open) 3 layers represent: upper, middle and lower; column 3 indicates: left, middle and right
TABLE 1B well group production status protocol (+ q for drainage, -q for flooding, 0 for shut-in)
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south and east,
Western medicine
Referring to fig. 6 and the following table, a horizontal stratified reservoir 301 "positive five-point pattern" to "negative five-point pattern" is illustrated as an example.
Table 2A pre-selection scheme for wellbore slot states of a placed layer and a non-placed layer of a reservoir, as exemplified by a (horizontal single-plate) horizontal stratified reservoir
Table 2B front five and back five well pattern production status preselection scheme, exemplified by (horizontal single plate) horizontal stratified reservoir
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When the 3D printing is ensured, the horizontal layered reservoir layer 301 is connected with hole sites at the contact positions of the mineshaft, and whether a slot-hole structure is printed or not is selected according to the requirement of the reservoir layer. As shown in table 1A in example 1.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9 well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the horizontal stratiform reservoir 301 as an example (horizontal single plate in fig. 6), the wellbore perforation state of the placer layer of the reservoir is the A1 scheme in the table 2A, and the wellbore perforation state of the non-placer layer is the A2 scheme in the table 2A.
And step 3: and installing the reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placing base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 9 first through holes 301a of the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir layer 301 correspond to the 9 model wellbores 200 respectively, and then the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir layer 301 is aligned with the 9 model wellbores 200 and placed in the bearing box 100, so that the model wellbores 200 penetrate through the first through holes 301a of the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir layer 301; finally, the well bore slots 201 exposed outside the reservoir are closed by using a slot outer sleeve 203.
And 4, step 4: a method of connecting devices to a fluid. The top cover 103 is closed and sealed by installing a wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, an external fluid device is connected.
And 5: and (5) simulating the production process. Taking the early-stage "positive five-point well pattern B1" as an example, the injection-production system of the well group is B1 in table 2B. Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate well opening, and calculating injection and production pressure difference of a water injection well and a production well by using a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; production rates between production wells may be obtained from wellhead flow meters 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a test process. Taking the adjustment from B1 in the early stage "normal five-point well netlist 2B" to B2 in the later stage "inverse five-point well netlist 2B" as an example, the well head control valve 202c changes the water injection state of the 1 well in the middle of the reservoir to the production state, and changes the production states of the remaining 4 side wells to the water injection state) to B2 in table 2B.
And 7: and after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stabilized, outputting the data of the bottom hole temperature and pressure storage 102a for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well shut-in and well production state change tests.
Example 3
This embodiment is a third embodiment of the present invention, and is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to the vertical single-slab reservoir 302 model sample of fig. 7, the simulated oil reservoir type is a vertical single slab (1-3 blocks can be placed in the box to simulate the vertical single-slab reservoir 302), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 3A slot status scheme (0 for closed, 1 for open) 3 layers represent: upper, middle and lower; column 3 indicates: left, middle and right
Table 3B single row well group production status scenario (+ q for drain, -q for flood, 0 for shut-in) 1 centerwell; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east and west
Table 3C double-row well group production status scenario (+ q for drainage, -q for flooding, 0 for shut-in) 1 centerwell; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east and west
TABLE 3D three rows well group production status scenario (+ q for drainage, -q for flooding, 0 for shut-in)
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south and east,
Western medicine
Referring to fig. 7 and the following table, the vertical single-plate reservoir 302 "two-injection and two-production" is illustrated as an example.
Table 4A preselection scheme for contact wellbore, non-contact wellbore slot states for a reservoir, exemplified by a vertical single-plate reservoir
TABLE 4B Productivity State preselection scheme for one-injection two-production, two-injection one-production well network, exemplified by vertical single-plate reservoir
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is ensured, the vertical Shan Banzhuang reservoir 302 is connected with a hole position at a contact position of a shaft, and whether a slot-hole structure is printed or not is selected according to the requirement of the reservoir. As shown in table 3C in example 3.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9 well 27 perforations is determined. Take the example of a vertical, single-plate reservoir 302 configuration (fig. 7) in which the upper, middle, and lower well bore perforation states are in contact with the reservoir as in the C1 scenario of table 4A, and the non-contact well bore perforation states are in the C2 scenario of table 4A.
And 3, step 3: and installing the reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placing base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 3 second through holes 302a of the vertical Shan Banzhuang reservoir 302 correspond to 3 wellholes respectively, and then the vertical single-plate reservoir 302 is aligned with the 3 wellholes and placed in the bearing box 100, so that the simulated wellhole 200 penetrates through the reservoir hole; finally, the well bore slots 201 exposed outside the reservoir are closed by using a slot outer sleeve 203.
And 4, step 4: the device fluid system is connected. The top cover 103 is closed and sealed by installing a wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, an external fluid device is connected,
and 5: and (5) simulating the production process. Taking the early stage "one injection and two production D1" as an example, the injection and production system of the well group is D1 (left table of Table 4B). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate well opening, and calculating injection-production pressure difference of a water injection well and a production well by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; production rates between production wells may be obtained from wellhead flow meters 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a test process. Taking the adjustment from "one injection and two extraction D1" in the early stage to "two injection and one extraction D2" in the later stage as an example, the well head control valve 202c changes the water injection state of 1 well in the middle of the reservoir to the production state, and changes the production states of the other 2 wells to the water injection state D2 (table 4B right table).
And 7: and after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stabilized, outputting the data of the bottom hole temperature and pressure storage 102a for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well shut-in and well production state change tests.
Example 4
This embodiment is a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to the model sample of the monolithic reservoir 303 of fig. 8, the simulated reservoir type is a cube (1 can be placed in the box to simulate the monolithic reservoir 303), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
TABLE 5 slotting status scheme (0 for closed, 1 for open)
The 3 layers represent: upper, middle and lower; column 3 indicates: left, middle and right
The well group production status scheme refers to the 3-layer well pattern scheme in table 1 and to the 3-well pattern scheme in table 3.
Referring to fig. 8 and the following table, the monolithic reservoir 303 "positive nine-point pattern" to "negative nine-point pattern" is illustrated as an example.
TABLE 6A preselection scheme for upper, middle, and lower wellbore slot states, exemplified by a monolithic reservoir
TABLE 6B Positive nine and negative nine well pattern production status preselection scheme, exemplified by a monolithic reservoir
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is ensured, the whole block-shaped reservoir layer 303 is connected with hole sites at the contact positions of the mineshafts, and whether a seam hole structure is printed or not is selected according to the requirement of the reservoir layer. As shown in table 5 in example 4.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9 well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the monolithic reservoir 303 as an example (fig. 8), the upper portion is as protocol E1, the middle portion is as protocol E2, and the lower portion is perforated as protocol E3, see table 6A.
And step 3: and installing the reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placing base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 9 through holes of the whole block-shaped reservoir stratum 303 correspond to 9 mineshafts respectively, and then the whole block-shaped reservoir stratum 303 is aligned with the 9 mineshafts and placed in the bearing box 100, so that the simulated mineshaft 200 penetrates through the third through hole 303a of the reservoir stratum.
And 4, step 4: the device fluid system is connected. The top cover 103 is closed and sealed by installing a wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, an external fluid device is connected,
and 5: and (5) simulating the production process. Taking the early-stage "nine-point well pattern F1" as an example, the injection-production system of the well group is F1 (the left table of Table 6B). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate well opening, and calculating injection and production pressure difference of a water injection well and a production well by using a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; production rates between production wells may be obtained from wellhead flow meters 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a test process. Taking the adjustment from the early "positive nine-point well pattern F1" to the later "negative nine-point well pattern F2" as an example, the well head control valve 202c changes the water injection state of the 1-hole well in the middle of the reservoir to the production state, and changes the production state of the other 8-hole wells to the water injection state F2 (table 6B right table).
And 7: and after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stabilized, outputting the data of the bottom hole temperature and pressure storage 102a for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well shut-in and well production state change tests.
Example 5
This embodiment is a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to the schematic diagram of the tilted stratified reservoir 304 model of fig. 9, the simulation reservoir type is a tilted plate (1 box can be placed to simulate the tilted stratified reservoir 304), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 7A slotted condition protocol (0 for closed, 1 for open) 3 layers represent: upper, middle and lower; column 3 indicates: left, middle and right
TABLE 7B well group production status scenario for water-drive reservoir (+ q for drainage, -q for waterflood, 0 for shut-in)
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east and west
TABLE 7C well group production status scenario for gas drive reservoir (+ q for drainage, -q for waterflood, 0 for shut-in)
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east and west
Referring to fig. 9 and the following table, a low-injection high-production example of the inclined lamellar reservoir 304 is illustrated.
Table 8A pre-selection scheme for upper, middle, and lower wellbore slot states, exemplified by a dipping stratiform reservoir
Table 8B early and late well group production status preselection scheme using slanted stratiform reservoir as example
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is carried out, the inclined layered reservoir layer 304 is connected with hole sites at the contact positions of the shafts, and whether a slot-hole structure is printed or not is selected according to the requirement of the reservoir layer. As shown in table 7A in example 5.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9 well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the slant-layered reservoir 304 as an example (fig. 9), the upper portion is shown in scheme G1, the middle portion is shown in scheme G2, and the lower portion is shown in scheme G3, see table 8A.
And step 3: and installing the reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placing base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; the 9 fourth through holes 304a of the inclined layered reservoir layer 304 correspond to 9 well bores respectively, and then the inclined layered reservoir layer 304 is aligned with the 9 well bores and placed in the bearing box 100, so that the simulated well bore 200 passes through the fourth through hole 304a; finally, the well bore slots 201 exposed outside the inclined layered reservoir 304 are closed by using the slot outer sleeve 203.
And 4, step 4: a method of connecting devices to a fluid. The top cover 103 is closed and sealed by installing a wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, an external fluid device is connected,
and 5: and (5) simulating the production process. Taking the early low-injection high-recovery H1 as an example, the injection-recovery system of the well group is H1 (the left table of the table 8B). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate well opening, and calculating injection-production pressure difference of a water injection well and a production well by a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; production rates between production wells may be obtained from wellhead flow meters 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a test process. Taking the example of adjusting "low-injection high-recovery H1" to "injection top-recovery H2", 5 wells in the northwest, the west, the southwest, the northeast, and the southeast at the low-injection position are closed by the wellhead control valve 202c, and the production states of 3 wells in the middle of the reservoir and 1 well in the east are changed to the water injection state H2 (table 8B right table).
And 7: and after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stabilized, outputting the data of the bottom hole temperature and pressure storage 102a for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well shut-in and well production state change tests.
Example 6
This embodiment is a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment and is different from the previous embodiment in that: referring to the schematic diagram of the anticline structure reservoir 305 model of fig. 10, the simulated reservoir type is a curved plate (1 box can be placed to simulate the anticline structure reservoir 305), and the scheme adopted by the corresponding simulation method is shown in the following table:
table 9A slot status scheme (0 for closed, 1 for open) 3 layers representation: upper, middle and lower; column 3 indicates: left, middle and right
TABLE 9B well group production status scenario for gas drive reservoirs (+ q for drainage, -q for waterflood, 0 for shut-in)
1 central well; 4 side wells: northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; 4 corner wells: north, south, east and west
Referring to fig. 10 and the following table, a lean-architecture reservoir 110 with low water injection and high production is illustrated.
TABLE 10A Pre-selection scheme for Upper, middle, and lower wellbore slot states, exemplified for anticline formation reservoirs
Table 10B illustrates an early and late interval well group production status preselection scheme using anticline formation reservoirs as examples
Step 1:3D printing the reservoir. When 3D printing is carried out, the anticline structure reservoir 305 is connected with hole sites at the contact positions of the shafts, and whether a slot-hole structure is printed or not is selected according to the requirement of the reservoir. As shown in table 9A in example 6.
Step 2: the on-off status of the 9 well 27 perforations is determined. Taking the anticline formation reservoir 305 as an example (anticline scenario in FIG. 10), the upper portion is scenario I1, the middle portion is scenario I2, and the lower perforation status is scenario I3, see Table 10A.
And step 3: and installing the reservoir. Firstly, fixing a placing base 105, and fixing a simulated shaft 200 at the bottom of a bearing box 100 through a threaded hole 101; then, from the lower layer to the middle layer, well bore slots 201 (4-port side bottom slots, middle part and bottom part of 1 central well) below the reservoir surface are sealed by slot outer sleeves 203; secondly, placing the 3D printing anticline structure reservoir 305 inside the carrying case 100 so that the simulated wellbore 200 passes through the fifth through hole 305a; finally, all wellbore slots 201 (4-lateral well upper, 4-angle well middle, upper) above the anticline formation reservoir 305 are closed with slot outer collars 203.
And 4, step 4: a method of connecting devices to a fluid. The top cover 103 is closed and sealed by installing a wellhead 202. According to the simulation process scheme, an external fluid device is connected,
and 5: and (5) simulating the production process. Taking the early low-injection high-production J1 as an example, the injection-production system of the well group is J1 (the left table of the table 10B). Opening a wellhead control valve 202c to simulate well opening, and calculating injection and production pressure difference of a water injection well and a production well by using a wellhead pressure gauge 202 e; production rates between production wells may be obtained from wellhead flow meters 202 d.
Step 6: and (5) simulating a test process. Taking the adjustment of "low-injection high-recovery J1" to "injection top recovery J2" as an example, the 4 corner wells at the low-injection position are closed by the well head control valve 202c, and the production state of the 4 side wells in the middle of the anticline formation reservoir 110 is changed to the water injection state J2 (table 10B right table).
And 7: and after the wellhead pressure gauge 202e and the flowmeter 202d are stabilized, outputting the data of the bottom hole temperature and pressure storage 102a for analyzing the bottom hole temperature and pressure change characteristics under the well shut-in and well production state change tests.
In summary, the invention meets the requirements of various types of complex heterogeneous oil and gas reservoir reservoirs known at present by simply replacing and combining different 3D printed reservoir structures, realizes the processes of simulating multi-well production, testing and the like of the complex heterogeneous reservoir reservoirs according to the types and the placing methods of the several simulated reservoir reservoirs given in the table and the attached drawings, and can provide experimental data for connectivity testing, multi-well production dynamic analysis, inter-well interference testing analysis and the like of the complex heterogeneous reservoir reservoirs by using the multi-well production dynamic simulation analysis device.
Example 7
This embodiment is a seventh embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the first six embodiments and is different therefrom: this embodiment provides some of the areas in which the invention can be applied.
1. The method can be particularly applied to the following types of constructed reservoirs: (1) a single-layer horizontal stratified reservoir; (2) multilayer commingled production reservoir; (3) sloping the stratigraphically constructed reservoir; (4) breaking a karst rock and dissolving a carbonate reservoir; (5) a very thick homogeneous or heterogeneous reservoir; (6) the reservoir is constructed anticlinally.
2. The method can be particularly applied to the following lithologic reservoirs: (1) depositing a sandstone reservoir; (2) a slot type carbonate reservoir and (3) a fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir; (4) a igneous rock reservoir.
3. The method can be particularly applied to the following production dynamic analysis: (1) five-point, seven-point and nine-point well pattern production processes; (2) water injection, gas injection and polymer injection displacement processes; (3) adjusting oil production and water absorption profiles; (4) cold production and hot production of thick oil; (5) thick oil foaming, chemical displacement process.
4. The method can be specifically applied to the following production test analysis: (1) an interwell intervention process; (2) a stable and unstable well testing process; (3) testing the connectivity of the reservoir; (4) and (5) testing a tracer.
The invention is especially directed at various production and test processes of various complex reservoirs with the characteristics of deep burial, complex spatial structure and strong heterogeneity, compared with the existing well testing analysis experiment device of the homogeneous reservoir, the invention can manufacture various complex reservoir models by a 3D printing technology, and can rapidly simulate various production and test processes of various complex reservoirs by combination, and the experiment device has the advantages of simple operation, strong independence and comprehensive functions.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the bearing box body (100), the interior of the bearing box body (100) is of a hollow structure, one side, close to the ground, of the bearing box body is provided with a plurality of threaded holes (101), and a square groove (102) is arranged below each threaded hole (101);
simulation pit shaft (200), the position that simulation pit shaft (200) corresponds screw hole (101) is equipped with the screw thread, screw hole (101) inner wall has seted up the thread groove, simulation pit shaft (200) and screw hole (104) threaded connection, just the part that simulation pit shaft (200) are located bearing box body (100) inner hollow department has evenly seted up pit shaft slot (201), the one end that screw hole (101) were kept away from in simulation pit shaft (200) is provided with well head device (202), the one end that simulation pit shaft (200) are close to well head device (202) still is equipped with slot outer collar (203).
2. The heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and testing simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the wellhead device (202) comprises a threaded rod (202 a), and a lug (202 b) is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the bearing box body (100), of the threaded rod (202 a).
3. Heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production, test simulation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the simulation shaft (200) is close to the one end outside of wellhead assembly (202) and is equipped with the screw thread, just threaded rod (202 a) inner wall has seted up the thread groove, simulation shaft (200) and threaded rod (202 a) screwed connection.
4. The heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and testing simulation device of claim 3, wherein: bear box (100) and still include top cap (103), set up through-hole (103 a) corresponding with screw hole (101) on top cap (103), through-hole (103 a) and simulation pit shaft (200) nested connection, top cap (103) rigid coupling all around has fixed block (103 b), bear box (100) and correspond the position of fixed block (103 b) and seted up fixed slot (204), fixed slot (204) and fixed block (103 b) joint.
5. The heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and testing simulation device of claim 4, wherein: a first groove (104) is formed in one side, close to the ground, of the periphery of the bearing box body (100), and a base (105) is clamped inside the first groove (104).
6. Heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production, test simulation device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: different types of reservoirs (300) can be placed inside the carrying case (100), the reservoirs (300) comprise,
the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir (301) is a horizontal plate, and a plurality of first through holes (301 a) are formed in the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir (301);
the vertical single-plate reservoir (302), the vertical single-plate reservoir (302) is a vertical plate, and a plurality of second through holes (302 a) are arranged on the vertical single-plate reservoir;
the whole block-shaped reservoir layer (303), wherein the whole block-shaped reservoir layer (303) is a rectangular cube, and a plurality of third through holes (303 a) are formed in the whole block-shaped reservoir layer;
the inclined laminar reservoir (304), wherein the inclined laminar reservoir (304) is an inclined plate, and a plurality of fourth through holes (304 a) are formed in the inclined laminar reservoir (304);
the reservoir (305) is an anticline structure reservoir, and the anticline structure reservoir (305) is a curved plate and is provided with a plurality of fifth through holes (305 a).
7. A multi-well production and test simulation method for heterogeneous oil reservoirs is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation device of claim 6 is adopted, and,
determining reservoir printing, combining and placing schemes according to different simulated reservoir types and placing methods, and installing;
determining the opening and closing state of the 9-well 27 perforation and the production and test processes needing simulation aiming at the corresponding slotting and well group schemes, and connecting the device fluid method;
and the packaging experiment device simulates the production and test processes and analyzes the change characteristics of the temperature and the pressure under different states according to the data.
8. The heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method of claim 7, wherein: if the horizontal layered reservoir structure is simulated, adopting the horizontal single-plate layered reservoir (301); if the structure of the solution reservoir is simulated, adopting the vertical single-plate reservoir (302); if a monolithic reservoir structure is simulated, the monolithic reservoir (303) is adopted; if a tilted stratified reservoir formation is simulated, employing the tilted stratified reservoir (304); if an anticline reservoir formation is simulated, the reservoir is constructed using the anticline (305).
9. The heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production and test simulation method of claim 7, wherein: the production and test process to be simulated comprises production, well shut-in and test of single well and multiple wells, well pattern adjustment, interference between production wells and injection and production parameter adjustment before injection and production wells.
10. Heterogeneous reservoir multi-well production, test simulation method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that: the simulation of the production and test process comprises the steps of installing a 3D printing reservoir simulation target oil-gas reservoir, respectively simulating an injection well or a production well by using a simulation perforation shaft, recording wellhead pressure and yield by using a simulation shaft pressure gauge and a simulation shaft flowmeter, and simulating and analyzing various shaft bottom test pressure and temperature data by using a temperature-pressure storage at the shaft bottom of the shaft.
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| CN111022010A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-04-17 | 西南石油大学 | Three-dimensional heterogeneous oil reservoir multi-well-grid mode water-drive physical simulation experiment device |
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| CN102022112A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-04-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Intelligent oil well simulation experiment system and working method |
| CN107420096A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-12-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | The physical simulation experiment device and its method of horizontal well multi-stage water power successively pressure break |
| CN109664510A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-23 | 长江大学 | A kind of oil exploitation stratum reservoir 3D modeling print system |
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