CN115561816A - Three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method and device based on rotation ellipse model - Google Patents
Three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method and device based on rotation ellipse model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method based on a rotation ellipse model, which increases rotation ellipse model parameters with the characteristics changing along with the azimuth, and correctly characterizes a seismic wave field by utilizing an ellipse model changing along with the space; the multiple model is obtained by performing primary wave excision and inverse transformation in a transformation domain, and then the multiple model is subtracted to obtain a result after multiple suppression. In order to improve the resolution of a transform domain and better distinguish primary waves and multiples in the transform domain, the invention adopts a low-frequency constraint method to improve the resolution, uses a low-frequency calculation result as a constraint matrix of the next high frequency, and because low-frequency data has no spurious frequency, the obtained calculation result has higher time-space domain resolution, thereby being more beneficial to the distinguishing of the primary waves and the multiples and the suppression of the multiples. The method has better effect under the conditions that the underground medium is more complex and the wave field has anisotropy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to a method and a device for suppressing multiple waves of three-dimensional seismic data based on a rotation ellipse model.
Background
With the explosive development of the oil and gas industry, three-dimensional seismic has become a main means for exploration. Compared with two-dimension, the three-dimension exploration can more accurately and effectively suppress various interference waves, enhance effective waves, more truly and finely reflect underground geological conditions, and provide high-precision and high-quality processing results for tectonic lithology interpretation, reservoir inversion and oil field development monitoring. And the wide-azimuth seismic exploration can acquire more complete wave field information due to wider azimuth, is favorable for improving the imaging effect and is more favored by people.
Compared with narrow azimuth data, wide azimuth seismic data has the characteristic of changing along with azimuth, seismic traces with the same or similar offset but different azimuths are influenced by stratigraphic dip angles in different directions or stratigraphic anisotropy, and larger time difference can exist; when seismic data after dynamic correction are arrayed in the sequence of scalar offset from small to large to form a three-dimensional common-center-point gather similar to the two-dimensional situation, due to the fact that certain time difference exists among data in different directions, the time difference of adjacent paths changes violently, and the characteristic that a same-phase axis sampling point jumps is presented, a parabola of a conventional two-dimensional Radon algorithm cannot represent the data, effective waves and interference waves cannot be effectively separated, and the suppression effect is poor. The three-dimensional common-center-point gather can be arranged according to the offset distances in the x and y directions, namely the vector offset distances, so as to form a common-center-point gather consisting of small gather sets in different directions; the propagation of a three-dimensional wave field is described more intuitively by a three-dimensional common-center-point gather consisting of small gathers; however, when the underground stratum is inclined, the gather forms in different azimuths have great difference, and due to the influence of streamer drift, stratum characteristic difference in different azimuths and the like, the multiple wave time differences in different azimuths can have certain difference. Therefore, performing multiple compression on the small channel sets by using two-dimensional transformation with the same parameters cannot achieve a good effect. Therefore, the propagation characteristics of the three-dimensional seismic wave field need to be considered, and the data of different azimuths are accurately represented by using the three-dimensional Radon theory so as to be better processed.
However, when the three-dimensional Radon transform is used for representing multi-azimuth small gather seismic data, the characteristics of the medium in different directions are assumed to be the same, the propagation characteristics of the three-dimensional wave field in different directions are also the same, and the time difference between the multiple waves and the effective waves is also the same in the small gathers in different directions. The small gathers in different orientations can be characterized by a standard ellipse model due to the same time difference. Under the conditions of small inclination angle and smooth fluctuation of an underground structure, the existing method can obtain better application effect; however, when the underground structure is complex, the influence of the drift of the acquisition streamer, the stratum anisotropy and the like is added, so that the minor channel sets in different directions have large difference, the existing method cannot accurately describe the three-dimensional propagation of a wave field, the representing effect of the multiples in a transform domain is poor, the transformed multiples have large difference with the original multiples in data, the effective suppression of the multiples cannot be realized, and the serious interference is brought to the later offset imaging and interpretation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method and an apparatus for suppressing multiple waves in three-dimensional seismic data based on a rotational ellipse model, which can solve the problem that the traditional algorithm is difficult to cope with the azimuth anisotropy of seismic data.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method based on a rotation ellipse model, which comprises the following steps of:
transforming the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) into a frequency domain by adopting Fourier transform to obtain frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω,x,y)；
Seismic data D based on frequency space domain ω (ω, x, y), computing a frequency-space domain seismic data vector D vec (ω, G) and calculating the operator L;
for the first vector D of the frequency space domain seismic data vector vec (ω 1 G), calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), and storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W;
calculating other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by adopting a low-frequency constraint method to obtain other vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω i K), i = 2-N, and the calculation result is stored in a weighting matrix W, and the calculation of all frequencies is completed in such a way of circulation to obtain all vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω,K)；
Wherein t is time; x is the offset distance of the longitudinal measuring line; y is the transverse measuring line offset distance; omega is angular frequency; g is a general matrix D ω After the vector is converted, the vertical and horizontal measuring lines synthesize the offset factor; k is a comprehensive curvature factor in the direction of a longitudinal and transverse measuring line; omega 1 Is the angular frequency of the first vector; omega i Is the angular frequency of the ith vector; i is the vector order number.
Preferably, the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) are transformed into the frequency domain by fourier transform, so as to obtain the frequency-space domain seismic data D ω The specific steps of (omega, x, y) are as follows:
based on three-parameter three-dimensional Radon inverse transformation of a rotation ellipse model, the time-space domain seismic data d (t, x, y) can be written as:
d(t,x,y)＝∫∫∫m(τ＝t-q x x 2 -q y y 2 -q xy xy,q x ,q y ,q xy )dq x dq y dq xy (1)
equation (1) corresponds to the frequency domain discrete form:
wherein q is x Is a longitudinal line direction curvature parameter; q. q.s y The curvature parameter in the transverse measuring line direction; q. q.s xy Is a rotation ellipse parameter; t and τ are both times; m is three-parameter Radon domain data of a time-space domain; m ω Three-parameter Radon domain data of a frequency space domain.
The three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method preferably calculates a frequency space domain seismic data vector D vec The (ω, G) and the operator L are specifically:
matrix D of frequencies on both sides of formula (2) ω And M ω Writing in vector form, denoted D vec ,M vec Namely:
M vec ＝vec(M) D vec ＝vec(D) (3)
the exponential term in the formula (2)
Denoted as transformation operator L, equation (2) is written as operator form:
D vec ＝LM vec (4)
wherein L is transformed into an operator L through a vertical measuring line x Transverse line transformation operator L y And the rotation operator L qxy The kronecker product of the three matrices results, namely:
wherein L is x ,L y ,L qxy The specific expressions of the three matrices are as follows:
wherein L is x A longitudinal line transformation operator; l is y A transverse measuring line transformation operator; l is a radical of an alcohol qxy Is a rotation operator.
The three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method is preferably used for a first vector D of a frequency space domain seismic data vector vec (ω 1 G), this is denoted as D) vec_ω1 By means of least squaresCalculating to obtain a first vector M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), this is denoted M vec_ω1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
M vec_ω1 ＝L T (LL T +μI) -1 D vec_ω1 (9)
and saving the calculation result in the weighting matrix W by equation (10):
W＝diag(|M vec_ω1 |) (10)
preferably, the method for suppressing the multiples of the three-dimensional seismic data calculates other vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data by adopting a low-frequency constraint method for other frequency space domain seismic data vectors vec (ω i K), i =2 to N, which is denoted as M vec_ωi The method specifically comprises the following steps:
M vec_ωi ＝WL T (LWL T +μI) -1 D vec_ωi (11)
and the calculation result M is expressed by the formula (10) vec_ωi Stored in the weighting matrix W.
The three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method preferably further comprises the following steps:
all vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec Matrix M for converting (omega, K) into frequency Radon domain seismic data ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy ) And performing inverse Fourier transform to obtain Radon data mr (t, q) of time-curvature domain x ,q y ,q xy )；
Defining an excision parameter qxcut, and dividing q x <Zeroing the data of qxcut to obtain a multiple model mul _ r (t, q) of a time-curvature domain x ,q y ,q xy )；
Modeling multiples of the time-curvature domain mul _ r (t, q) x ,q y ,q xy ) Fourier transform is carried out, the frequency domain is transformed, and a multiple model matrix Mul _ R of the frequency-curvature domain is obtained ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy )；
According to the formula (3)) Calculating a multiple model matrix Mul _ R of a frequency-curvature domain ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy ) Multiple model vector Mul _ R of corresponding frequency-curvature domain vec (ω,K)；
Calculating to obtain a frequency-space domain multiple model vector mul _ x by using the formula (9) to the formula (11) based on the operator L vec (ω,G)；
Modeling vector mul _ x of frequency-space domain multiples vec (omega, G) into a frequency-space domain multiple model matrix mul _ x ω (ω,x,y)；
For frequency space domain multiple model matrix mul _ x ω Performing inverse Fourier transform on the (omega, x, y) to obtain a time-space domain multiple model mul _ xt (t, x, y);
the temporal-spatial domain multiple model mul _ xt (t, x, y) is directly subtracted from the input data d (t, x, y) to obtain the multiple-suppressed result, i.e., the primary p (t, x, y).
The invention discloses a three-dimensional seismic data multi-wave pressing device based on a rotation ellipse model, which comprises:
the first processing unit is used for transforming the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) into a frequency domain by adopting Fourier transform to obtain frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω,x,y)；
A second processing unit based on frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω, x, y) for computing a frequency-space domain seismic data vector D vec (ω, G), and calculating operator L;
a third processing unit for processing a first vector D of the frequency-space domain seismic data vectors vec (ω 1 G), this is denoted as D) vec_ω1 Calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), denote it as M vec_ω1 And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W;
the fourth processing unit is used for calculating other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by adopting a low-frequency constraint method to obtain other vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω i ,K)，i＝2N, denote it as M vec_ωi And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W, and completing the calculation of all frequencies by circulating the calculation to obtain all vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω,K)。
The computer storage medium of the present invention has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps of the method for suppressing multiples of three-dimensional seismic data based on a rotational ellipse model.
The computer equipment comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the method steps of the three-dimensional seismic data multiple wave suppression method based on the rotation ellipse model when executing the computer program.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The trace sets with time difference changes in different directions are better described;
(2) The resolution ratio of a transform domain is improved by using a low-frequency constraint algorithm, so that the separation of the multiples and the effective waves of the three-dimensional Radon transform domain can be improved;
(3) The three-dimensional Radon transformation theory can be deepened, expanded and perfected; meanwhile, the multiple waves of the seismic data in the complex area can be more thoroughly suppressed, effective signals are highlighted, and the accuracy of seismic imaging, inversion and reservoir prediction is improved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is simulation data for performing multiple suppression in accordance with the present invention; wherein (a) is a set of small element traces that differ in the y-direction; (b) scalar offset gathers; (c) a clearer display method effect;
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the results of multiple suppression for a conventional three-dimensional least squares algorithm, wherein (a) the multiple facet gathers estimated for the method; (b) is the small surface element gather after multiple pressing; (c) scalar offset gathers which are multiples compression results; (d) Estimated multiples for the extracted three gathers of the minor traces; (e) small surface element gathers after multiple pressing; (f) is the difference between the suppression result and the true primary;
FIG. 3 is the result of the three-dimensional Radon transform based on the rotational ellipse model of the present invention;
fig. 4 is the result of the high precision three-dimensional Radon transform based on a rotational ellipse model of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method based on a rotation ellipse model, which increases rotation ellipse model parameters with the characteristics changing along with the azimuth, and correctly characterizes a seismic wave field by utilizing an ellipse model changing along with the space; and performing primary wave excision in a transform domain, performing inverse transformation to obtain a multiple model, and subtracting the multiple model to obtain a result after multiple suppression. In order to improve the resolution of a transform domain and better distinguish primary waves and multiples in the transform domain, the invention adopts a low-frequency constraint method to improve the resolution, uses a low-frequency calculation result as a constraint matrix of the next high frequency, and because low-frequency data has no spurious frequency, the obtained calculation result has higher time-space domain resolution, thereby being more beneficial to the distinguishing of the primary waves and the multiples and the suppression of the multiples. The method has better effect under the conditions that the underground medium is more complex and the wave field has anisotropy.
The invention provides a three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method based on a rotation ellipse model, which comprises the following steps:
s1, transforming the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) into a frequency domain by adopting Fourier transform to obtain frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω,x,y)；
S2, seismic data D based on frequency-space domain ω (omega, x, y), calculating a frequency space domain seismic data vector D vec (ω, G), and calculating operator L;
s3, a first vector D of frequency space domain seismic data vectors vec (ω 1 G), this is denoted as D) vec_ω1 Calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), this is denoted M vec_ω1 And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W;
s4, calculating other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by adopting a low-frequency constraint method to obtain other vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω i K), i =2 to N, which is denoted as M vec_ωi And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W, and completing the calculation of all frequencies by circulating the calculation to obtain all vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω,K)；
Wherein t is time; x is the offset distance of the longitudinal measuring line; y is the transverse measuring line offset distance; omega is angular frequency; g is a matrix D ω After the vector is converted, the vertical and horizontal measuring lines synthesize the offset factor; k is a comprehensive curvature factor in the direction of a longitudinal and transverse measuring line; omega 1 Is the angular frequency of the first vector; omega i Is the angular frequency of the ith vector; i is the vector number.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) is transformed into the frequency domain by using fourier transform, so as to obtain the frequency-space domain seismic data D ω The specific steps of (omega, x, y) are as follows:
based on the three-parameter three-dimensional Radon inverse transformation of the rotation ellipse model, the time-space domain seismic data d (t, x, y) can be written as follows:
d(t,x,y)＝∫∫∫m(τ＝t-q x x 2 -q y y 2 -q xy xy,q x ,q y ,q xy )dq x dq y dq xy (1)
equation (1) corresponds to the discrete form of the frequency domain as:
wherein q is x For the curvature parameter in the inline direction, q y For transverse direction curvature parameters, q xy Is a rotation ellipse parameter; t and τ are both times; m is three-parameter Radon domain data of a time-space domain, M ω Three-parameter Radon domain data of a frequency space domain.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the frequency-space domain seismic data vector D is calculated vec (ω, G) and operator L are specifically:
the matrix D of the frequencies on both sides of the formula (2) ω And M ω Writing in vector form, denoted D vec ,M vec Namely:
M vec ＝vec(M) D vec ＝vec(D) (3)
the exponential term in formula (2)
Denoted as transformation operator L, equation (2) can be written as operator form:
D vec ＝LM vec (4)
wherein L can be transformed by the inline transform operator L x Transverse line transformation operator L y And a rotation operator L qxy The kronecker product of the three matrices results, namely:
wherein L is x ,L y ,L qxy The specific expressions of the three matrices are as follows:
wherein L is x A longitudinal line transformation operator; l is a radical of an alcohol y A transverse measuring line transformation operator; l is qxy Is a rotation operator.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the first vector D of the frequency space domain seismic data vectors is vec (ω 1 G), denote it as D vec_ω1 Calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), this is denoted M vec_ω1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
M vec_ω1 ＝L T (LL T +μI) -1 D vec_ω1 (9)
and saving the calculation result in the weighting matrix W by equation (10):
W＝diag(|M vec_ω1 |) (10)
in the above embodiment, preferably, the other vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data are obtained by calculating the other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by using a low-frequency constraint method vec (ω i K), i =2 to N, which is denoted as M vec_ωi The method specifically comprises the following steps:
M vec_ωi ＝WL T (LWL T +μI) -1 D vec_ωi (11)
and the calculation result M is expressed by the formula (10) vec_ωi Storing in a weighting matrix W;
in the above embodiment, preferably, the present invention further includes the steps of:
s5, all vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (omega, K) into a matrix M of frequency Radon domain seismic data ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy ) And performing inverse Fourier transform to obtain Radon data mr (t, q) of time-curvature domain x ,q y ,q xy )；
S6, defining an excision parameter qxcut and dividing q into q x <Zeroing the data of qxcut to obtain a multiple model mul _ r (t, q) of a time-curvature domain x ,q y ,q xy )；
S7, a multiple wave model mul _ r (t, q) of a time-curvature domain is used x ,q y ,q xy ) Fourier transform is carried out, the frequency domain is transformed, and a multiple model matrix Mul _ R of the frequency-curvature domain is obtained ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy )；
S8, calculating a multiple model matrix Mul _ R of the frequency-curvature domain according to the formula (3) ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy ) Multiple model vector Mul _ R of corresponding frequency-curvature domain vec (ω,K)；
S9, calculating by using a formula (9) to a formula (11) based on the operator L to obtain a frequency-space domain multiple model vector mul _ x vec (ω,G)；
S10, enabling a frequency-space domain multiple model vector mul _ x vec (omega, G) into a frequency-space domain multiple model matrix mul _ x ω (ω,x,y)；
S11, for a frequency-space domain multiple wave model matrix mul _ x ω Performing inverse Fourier transform (omega, x, y) to obtain a time-space domain multiple model mul _ xt (t, x, y)
S12, directly subtracting the time-space domain multiple model mul _ xt (t, x, y) from the input data d (t, x, y) to obtain a result after multiple suppression, namely the primary wave p (t, x, y).
The invention also provides a three-dimensional seismic data multi-wave pressing device based on the rotation ellipse model, which comprises:
a first processing unit for processing the time-space domain seismic data d (t, x)Y) transforming the seismic data into a frequency domain by Fourier transform to obtain frequency space domain seismic data D ω (ω,x,y)；
A second processing unit based on frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω, x, y) for computing a frequency-space domain seismic data vector D vec (ω, G), and calculating operator L;
a third processing unit for processing a first vector D of the frequency-space domain seismic data vectors vec (ω 1 G), this is denoted as D) vec_ω1 Calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), this is denoted M vec_ω1 And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W;
the fourth processing unit is used for calculating other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by adopting a low-frequency constraint method to obtain other vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω i K), i =2 to N, which is denoted as M vec_ωi And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W, and completing the calculation of all frequencies by circulating the calculation to obtain all vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω,K)；
The present invention also provides a computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the method steps of the above-described method for rotational ellipse model-based multiple suppression of three-dimensional seismic data.
The invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the method steps of the three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method based on the rotation ellipse model.
FIG. 1 is a graph of simulation data for multiple suppression according to the present invention; wherein (a) is a set of facet elements that differ in the y-direction; (b) scalar offset gathers; (c) In order to show the effect of the method more clearly, 3 small surface element channel sets are extracted from the step (a); it is obvious from the simulation data that the multiples in different orientations have large differences.
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the results of multiple suppression using a conventional three-dimensional least squares algorithm, wherein (a) is the multiple facet gather estimated by the method; (b) For the small surface element gather after the multiple pressing, it can be seen that because the method can not deal with the azimuth anisotropy of the seismic data, the estimated multiple has a large difference with the actual data, so that the multiple pressing has a lot of residues; (c) The residue of multiples can also be seen clearly for scalar offset gathers of the multiple suppression results; (d) For the estimated multiples in the extracted three small gathers, the fact that the multiples are different from the multiples of actual data can be seen, and the energies of the primaries also exist, which shows that the traditional method can not accurately estimate the multiples and also causes damage to the energy of the primaries; (e) For the small surface element gather after the multiple pressing, a large amount of multiple remnants can be seen after the pressing; (f) The difference between the suppression result and the real primary wave is obviously seen, and the energy of the multiple and the primary wave can be seen, which indicates that the method is not thorough in suppression and has damage to the primary wave.
Fig. 3 shows the result of three-dimensional Radon transformation based on a rotational ellipse model, i.e. a result calculated by using a least squares algorithm similar to equation (9). It can be seen that the result is improved compared with the traditional three-dimensional algorithm, but certain multiple residual and primary damage problems still exist.
FIG. 4 is the result of the high-precision three-dimensional Radon transform based on the rotational ellipse model of the present invention, and it can be clearly seen that the method has very good effect, the difference between the primary wave obtained after the multiple is suppressed and the real primary wave, i.e., FIG. 4f can not see any energy basically, fully illustrating the advantages of the method of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method based on a rotation ellipse model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
transforming the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) into a frequency domain by adopting Fourier transform to obtain frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω,x,y)；
Seismic data D based on frequency space domain ω (ω, x, y), computing a frequency-space domain seismic data vector D vec (ω, G), and calculating operator L;
for the first vector D of the frequency space domain seismic data vector vec (ω 1 G), calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), and storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W;
calculating other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by adopting a low-frequency constraint method to obtain other vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω i K), i = 2-N, and the calculation result is stored in a weighting matrix W, and the calculation of all frequencies is completed in such a way of circulation to obtain all vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω,K)；
Wherein t is time; x is the offset distance of the longitudinal measuring line; y is the transverse measuring line offset distance; omega is angular frequency; g is a matrix D ω After the vector is converted, the longitudinal and transverse measuring lines synthesize the offset factor; k is a comprehensive curvature factor in the direction of a longitudinal and transverse measuring line; omega 1 Is the angular frequency of the first vector; omega i Is the angular frequency of the ith vector; i is the vector number.
2. The method of suppressing multiples of three-dimensional seismic data according to claim 1, wherein said transforming the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) into the frequency domain using fourier transform to obtain the frequency-space domain seismic data D ω The specific steps of (omega, x, y) are as follows:
based on three-parameter three-dimensional Radon inverse transformation of a rotation ellipse model, the time-space domain seismic data d (t, x, y) can be written as:
d(t,x,y)＝∫∫∫m(τ＝t-q x x 2 -q y y 2 -q xy xy,q x ,q y ,q xy )dq x dq y dq xy (1)
equation (1) corresponds to the frequency domain discrete form:
wherein q is x Is a longitudinal line direction curvature parameter; q. q.s y The curvature parameter in the transverse measuring line direction; q. q of xy Is a rotation ellipse parameter; t and τ are both times; m is three-parameter Radon domain data of a time-space domain; m is a group of ω The data are three-parameter Radon domain data of a frequency space domain.
3. The method of three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression according to claim 2, wherein a frequency-space domain seismic data vector D is calculated vec The (ω, G) and the operator L are specifically:
the matrix D of the frequencies on both sides of the formula (2) ω And M ω Writing in vector form, denoted D vec ,M vec Namely:
M vec ＝vec(M) D vec ＝vec(D) (3)
the exponential term in the formula (2)
Denoted as transformation operator L, equation (2) is written as operator form:
D vec ＝LM vec (4)
wherein L is transformed into an operator L through a vertical measuring line x Transverse line transformation operator L y And the rotation operator L qxy The kronecker product of the three matrices results, namely:
wherein L is x ,L y ,L qxy The specific expressions of the three matrices are as follows:
wherein L is x A transform operator for the inline; l is y A transverse measuring line transformation operator; l is a radical of an alcohol qxy Is a rotation operator.
4. The method of suppressing multiples of three-dimensional seismic data according to claim 3, wherein said first vector D is a frequency-space domain seismic data vector vec (ω 1 G), this is denoted as D) vec_ω1 Calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), this is denoted M vec_ω1 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
M vec_ω1 ＝L T (LL T +μI) -1 D vec_ω1 (9)
and the calculation result is stored in the weighting matrix W by the formula (10):
W＝diag(|M vec_ω1 |) (10) 。
5. according to claim4, the three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression method is characterized in that other vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data are obtained by calculating other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by adopting a low-frequency constraint method vec (ω i K), i =2 to N, which is denoted as M vec_ωi The method specifically comprises the following steps:
M vec_ωi ＝WL T (LWL T +μI) -1 D vec_ωi (11)
and the calculation result M is expressed by the formula (10) vec_ωi Stored in the weighting matrix W.
6. The method of three-dimensional seismic data multiple suppression according to claim 3, further comprising the steps of:
all vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec Matrix M for converting (omega, K) into frequency Radon domain seismic data ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy ) And performing inverse Fourier transform to obtain Radon data mr (t, q) of time-curvature domain x ,q y ,q xy )；
Defining an excision parameter qxcut, and dividing q x <Zeroing the data of qxcut to obtain a multiple model mul _ r (t, q) of a time-curvature domain x ,q y ,q xy )；
The multiple model mul _ r (t, q) of the time-curvature domain is modeled x ,q y ,q xy ) Fourier transform is carried out, the frequency domain is transformed, and a multiple model matrix Mul _ R of the frequency-curvature domain is obtained ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy )；
Calculating a multiple model matrix Mul _ R of a frequency-curvature domain according to formula (3) ω (ω,q x ,q y ,q xy ) Multiple model vector Mul _ R of corresponding frequency-curvature domain vec (ω,K)；
Calculating to obtain a frequency-space domain multiple model vector mul _ x by using formulas (9) to (11) based on the operator L vec (ω,G)；
The frequency-space domain multiple model vector mul _ x vec (omega, G) rotationBecome frequency-space domain multiple model matrix mul _ x ω (ω,x,y)；
For frequency space domain multiple model matrix mul _ x ω Performing inverse Fourier transform on the (omega, x, y) to obtain a time-space domain multiple wave model mul _ xt (t, x, y);
the temporal-spatial domain multiple model mul _ xt (t, x, y) is directly subtracted from the input data d (t, x, y) to obtain the multiple-suppressed result, i.e., the primary p (t, x, y).
7. A three-dimensional seismic data multi-wave pressure device based on a rotation ellipse model is characterized by comprising:
a first processing unit, configured to transform the time-space domain seismic data D (t, x, y) into a frequency domain by using fourier transform, so as to obtain frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω,x,y)；
A second processing unit based on frequency-space domain seismic data D ω (ω, x, y) for computing a frequency-space domain seismic data vector D vec (ω, G) and calculating the operator L;
a third processing unit for processing a first vector D of the frequency-space domain seismic data vectors vec (ω 1 G), this is denoted as D) vec_ω1 Calculating by a least square method to obtain a first vector M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω 1 K), this is denoted M vec_ω1 And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W;
the fourth processing unit is used for calculating other frequency space domain seismic data vectors by adopting a low-frequency constraint method to obtain other vectors M of frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω i K), i =2 to N, which is denoted as M vec_ωi And storing the calculation result in a weighting matrix W, and completing the calculation of all frequencies by circulating the calculation to obtain all vectors M of the frequency Radon domain seismic data vec (ω,K)；
Wherein t is time; x is the offset distance of the longitudinal measuring line; y is the transverse measuring line offset distance; omega is angular frequency; g is a matrix D ω After the vector is converted, the comprehensive offset factor of the vertical and horizontal measuring lines(ii) a K is a comprehensive curvature factor in the direction of a longitudinal measuring line and a transverse measuring line; omega 1 Is the angular frequency of the first vector; omega i Is the angular frequency of the ith vector; i is the vector number.
8. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when being executed by a processor, performs the method steps of the method for rotational ellipse model based multiple suppression of three-dimensional seismic data as set forth in any one of claims 1-6.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program performs the method steps of the method for rotational ellipse model based multiple suppression of three-dimensional seismic data according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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