CN115560677A - Method for rapidly measuring inner diameter of jewel bearing - Google Patents
Method for rapidly measuring inner diameter of jewel bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115560677A CN115560677A CN202211416456.7A CN202211416456A CN115560677A CN 115560677 A CN115560677 A CN 115560677A CN 202211416456 A CN202211416456 A CN 202211416456A CN 115560677 A CN115560677 A CN 115560677A
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- tool
- light intensity
- measurement
- inner diameter
- measuring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
- G01B11/005—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B11/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for rapidly measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing, which is based on a special workpiece positioning tool and finishes measurement on an MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine; the work piece location frock is the rectangular plate structure, is equipped with a plurality of frock holes along horizontal vertical equipartition on the rectangular plate, and the step is: 1. after a workpiece positioning tool is adhered to a glass plate of a MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine through plasticine, setting a vertical edge at the right side of the tool as an X axis, setting a Y axis at a lower transverse edge, and setting a connection intersection point of the two edges as an original point to establish a coordinate system; 2. selecting measurement parameters, including light intensity determination, Z coordinate determination and cycle parameter determination, wherein the light intensity determination adopts a standard block, the influence of bottom light and top light on the aperture size is respectively considered, and the adopted top light intensity value and bottom light intensity value are determined under the condition that the measured inner diameter numerical value is consistent with the standard block verification numerical value; 3. and running an automatic measuring program to successively complete the inner hole measurement of the plurality of workpieces. The invention improves the measurement efficiency and the measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of part size measurement, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing.
Background
The jewel bearing is a sliding bearing made of jewel and other hard materials, and is characterized by wear resistance, high hardness, small thermal expansion coefficient and high pressure resistance, and is one of the important parts of the gyroscope. The precision requirement of the jewel bearing is very high, the outer diameter of the jewel bearing is matched with the jewel bearing seat, and the matching gap is 0.001-0.003; the inner diameter of the ball is matched with the ball head of the small ball shaft, and the matching clearance is 0.001-0.002. The measurement accuracy determines the matching accuracy.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the jewel bearing has a small overall dimension and high requirements for dimensional, form and position accuracy, the inner diameter dimension is phi 0.600, the tolerance is 0.002, the cylindricity requirement is 0.0005, the coaxiality requirement with the outer circle is not more than phi 0.006, the jewel bearing belongs to a micro-aperture, and is not suitable for contact measurement, so that the jewel bearing can only be measured by an optical measurement method.
The common measuring method is to use a Hauser vertical projector to measure the inner hole, the error source of the measuring method is not only the self precision system error of the instrument, but also more accidental errors caused by human factors, and the measuring method mainly comprises the following aspects:
(1) Errors caused by manual focusing;
(2) Searching for errors caused by the maximum value of the inner diameter in a mode of manual observation and measurement;
(3) The error caused by the estimation and reading of the millimeter scale;
(4) And measuring errors caused by direction and times.
In addition, the jewel bearings are large in number, the jewel bearings are measured one by using a projector, the measuring process is complicated, the measuring time is long, and the problem of how to improve the measuring efficiency is also a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the method for quickly measuring the inner diameter of the jewel bearing, which can improve the measurement precision and the measurement efficiency.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing rapidly is characterized in that the method is based on a special workpiece positioning tool and finishes measurement on an MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine;
the workpiece positioning tool is of a rectangular plate structure, a plurality of tool holes are uniformly distributed in the rectangular plate along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, each tool hole is used for mounting a workpiece to be detected, and each tool hole is composed of a round hole used for positioning the workpiece and square grooves symmetrically arranged on two sides of the round hole and used for allowing a workpiece clamping tool to extend into the round hole;
the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a coordinate system, specifically:
firstly, placing a tool on a glass flat plate of an MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine, adhering plasticine on four corner positions of the tool, and fixing the tool on the glass flat plate; then setting the right vertical edge of the tool as an X axis, setting the lower horizontal edge of the tool as a Y axis, and establishing a coordinate system by taking the intersection point of connecting lines of the two edges as an original point;
step 2, selecting measurement parameters, including determination of light intensity, determination of Z coordinate and determination of cycle parameters;
4) The method comprises the steps that a standard block which is consistent with a designed inner hole of a workpiece to be detected is used as a standard, the influence of bottom light and top light on the aperture size is considered respectively, when the light intensity of the bottom light is 0, the light intensity of the top light is adjusted, the aperture of the standard block is measured to obtain a group of measurement data, when the light intensity of the top light is 0, the light intensity of the bottom light is adjusted, the aperture of the standard block is measured to obtain another group of measurement data, two groups of side data are considered comprehensively, and the adopted top light intensity value and the adopted bottom light intensity value are determined under the condition that the measured inner diameter value is consistent with the calibration value of the standard block;
5) Manually adjusting the focusing height of a three-coordinate measuring instrument, surrounding the inner diameter edge of the jewel bearing by two circles with different diameters, enabling the inner diameter edge to be positioned between the two circles, enabling the inner diameter edge to be imaged to reach a clear degree through edge focusing, and determining the measured Z coordinate position;
6) Acquiring cycle parameters serving as a subsequent operation automatic measurement program according to the line spacing and the row spacing among the tool holes;
and then, taking the workpiece close to the origin of the coordinates as a measurement starting position, operating the selected circular measurement program, and successively finishing the measurement of the inner holes of the workpieces.
Further: nine tool holes in the workpiece positioning tool are arranged in a three-row and three-column mode.
Further: the aperture of the round hole of the tool hole is 0.2mm larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece to be measured.
And further: in step 2, the light intensity is determined to be 0 for the top light and 55 for the bottom light.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention adopts the workpiece positioning tool which can position a plurality of workpieces at one time, can realize the measurement of a plurality of workpieces at one time and can greatly improve the measurement efficiency.
2. The tool hole on the workpiece positioning tool is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece to be measured, and the workpiece clamping tools are arranged on the two sides of the tool hole for extending into the long groove, so that on one hand, the subsequent optical measuring lens can be ensured to be focused smoothly, and on the other hand, the taking and placing operation of the measured workpiece is facilitated.
3. The measuring method of the invention obtains the best measuring light intensity through the standard block before measurement, and manually adjusts the focusing height of the three-coordinate measuring instrument, thereby ensuring the measuring precision of subsequent measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a dimensional view of a jewel bearing to which the present invention relates;
FIG. 2 is a structural dimension diagram of a single tooling hole on the special tooling of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural dimension diagram of the whole special tool of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention placing the tooling on a glass panel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the present invention in which light intensity determination is performed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the cycle parameter determination performed by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The structure of the present invention will be further described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that this embodiment is illustrative and not restrictive.
A method for rapidly measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing is disclosed, please refer to FIGS. 2-6, and the method is based on a special workpiece positioning tool and finishes measurement on a MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine.
1. The workpiece positioning tool is designed as follows:
the workpiece positioning tool is of a rectangular plate structure and is used for clamping a plurality of jewel bearings at one time, and the three-coordinate measuring instrument can measure the inner diameters of the jewel bearings at one time through a measuring program. Firstly, considering the aperture size of a jewel bearing, wherein the outer diameter of the jewel bearing is phi 2, and the aperture of the designed tool is larger than phi 2; and the size of an image displayed under the optical measurement lens is appropriate, so that the image can be automatically focused in an appropriate range during focusing, otherwise, the inner diameter of the jewel bearing cannot be completely displayed in the range between two circles and the focusing fails because the gap between the outer diameter of the jewel bearing and the aperture of the tool is too large, and the aperture of the tool is designed to be phi 2.2 through repeated verification, so that the edge of the inner diameter of the jewel bearing can be completely displayed in the focusing range. Rectangular grooves are respectively designed at two ends of the hole diameter, so that jewel bearings can be conveniently placed and taken by using tweezers, and the structural schematic diagram of a single tool hole is shown in figure 2. The internal diameter of jewel bearing need measure one by one and record measured data, and the jewel bearing that once dress card was too much causes measured data confusion easily, if unusual data appears, has certain difficulty to look for, and the comprehensive consideration, nine holes of frock design, whole frock structure is seen in figure 3.
2. The specific measurement method is as follows:
2.1, establishing a coordinate system, specifically:
the tool is placed on a glass plate of an MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine, plasticine is bonded at four corner positions of the tool, and the tool is fixed on the glass plate, and the tool is fixed by the plasticine.
And setting a right vertical edge A of the tool as an X axis, setting a lower transverse edge B as a Y axis, and setting the intersection point of connecting lines of the edge A and the edge B as an original point to establish a coordinate system.
2.2 measurement parameter selection, including light intensity determination, Z coordinate determination and cycle parameter determination
(1) Determination of light intensity
The light source of the MARH three-coordinate measuring instrument is divided into top light and bottom light, and the aperture measurement result can be changed along with the change of light intensity in the measuring process. Firstly, the light intensity required for measuring the inner diameter of the jewel bearing is determined, a standard block (verified by the Zhonghang industry 304) with the inner aperture of phi 0.603 is taken as a standard, and the influence of bottom light and top light on the aperture size is considered respectively. Table 1 shows a statistical table of the influence of the top light intensity on the aperture when the bottom light intensity is 0, and table 2 shows a statistical table of the influence of the bottom light intensity on the aperture when the top light intensity is 0.
TABLE 1 statistical table of influence of top light intensity on aperture
TABLE 2 statistical table of the influence of the bottom light intensity on the aperture
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, when the intensity of the bottom light is 0, the aperture value in the standard block was measured without changing with the intensity of the top light. When the top light intensity is 0 and the bottom light intensity is less than 50, the measured inner diameter value of the standard block does not change along with the change of the light intensity; when the intensity of the bottom light is greater than 50, the measured inner aperture value increases with increasing intensity: when the top light intensity is 0 and the bottom light intensity is 55, the measured inner diameter value is consistent with the standard block verification value.
The experiment shows that when the inner aperture of the jewel bearing is measured to be phi 0.6mm, a light source with the top light intensity of 0 and the bottom light intensity of 55 is selected.
(2) Determination of Z-axis coordinates
The focusing height of the coordinate measuring machine is manually adjusted, the inner diameter edge of the jewel bearing is surrounded by two circles with different diameters, the inner diameter edge is positioned between the two circles, and the inner diameter edge of the jewel bearing is imaged most clearly through edge focusing (as shown in figure 5). When the normal curve distribution shown in fig. 5 is achieved, the aperture edge of the jewel bearing is clearest, and the three-coordinate capture is most accurate through an optical system. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement, each measurement is focused,
(3) Determining and inputting cycle parameters
As can be seen from fig. 4, each row and column can carry 3 jewel bearings, and through the setting of the distance, the cycle parameters are set as shown in fig. 6.
2.3, operating a cyclic measurement program to measure a plurality of workpieces, specifically:
and then, taking the workpiece close to the origin of coordinates as a measurement starting position, operating the selected cyclic measurement program, and successively completing the measurement of the inner holes of the workpieces.
In conclusion, the invention provides a method for rapidly measuring the inner diameter of the jewel bearing, which can rapidly measure the inner diameter and the shape and position requirements of the jewel bearing by one-time fixing and clamping, not only improves the measurement precision, but also greatly improves the measurement efficiency.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (4)
1. A method for measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing rapidly is characterized in that the method is based on a special workpiece positioning tool and finishes measurement on an MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine;
the workpiece positioning tool is of a rectangular plate structure, a plurality of tool holes are uniformly distributed in the rectangular plate along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, each tool hole is used for mounting a workpiece to be detected, and each tool hole is composed of a round hole used for positioning the workpiece and square grooves symmetrically arranged on two sides of the round hole and used for allowing a workpiece clamping tool to extend into;
the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a coordinate system, specifically:
firstly, placing a tool on a glass flat plate of an MARH three-coordinate measuring and controlling machine, adhering plasticine on four corner positions of the tool, and fixing the tool on the glass flat plate; then setting the vertical edge of the right side of the tool as an X axis, setting the lower transverse edge of the tool as a Y axis, and establishing a coordinate system by taking the intersection point of connecting lines of the two edges as an original point;
step 2, selecting measurement parameters, including determination of light intensity, determination of Z coordinates and determination of circulation parameters;
1) The method comprises the steps that a standard block which is consistent with a designed inner hole of a workpiece to be detected is used as a standard, the influence of bottom light and top light on the size of an aperture is considered respectively, when the light intensity of the bottom light is 0, the light intensity of the top light is adjusted, the aperture of the standard block is measured to obtain a group of measurement data, when the light intensity of the top light is 0, the light intensity of the bottom light is adjusted, the aperture of the standard block is measured to obtain another group of measurement data, two groups of side data are considered comprehensively, and the adopted top light intensity value and the adopted bottom light intensity value are determined under the condition that the measured inner diameter value is consistent with the standard block verification value;
2) Manually adjusting the focusing height of a three-coordinate measuring machine, surrounding the inner diameter edge of the jewel bearing by two circles with different diameters, enabling the inner diameter edge to be positioned between the two circles, enabling the inner diameter edge to be imaged to reach a clear degree through edge focusing, and determining the position of a measured Z coordinate;
3) Acquiring cycle parameters serving as a subsequent operation automatic measurement program according to the line spacing and the row spacing among the tool holes;
step 3, operating a cyclic measurement program to measure a plurality of workpieces, specifically:
and then, taking the workpiece close to the origin of the coordinates as a measurement starting position, operating the selected circular measurement program, and successively finishing the measurement of the inner holes of the workpieces.
2. The method for rapidly measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: nine tool holes in the workpiece positioning tool are arranged in a three-row and three-column mode.
3. The method for rapidly measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aperture of the round hole of the tool hole is 0.2mm larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece to be measured.
4. The method for rapidly measuring the inner diameter of a jewel bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 2, the light intensity is determined to be 0 for the top light and 55 for the bottom light.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211416456.7A CN115560677A (en) | 2022-11-12 | 2022-11-12 | Method for rapidly measuring inner diameter of jewel bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211416456.7A CN115560677A (en) | 2022-11-12 | 2022-11-12 | Method for rapidly measuring inner diameter of jewel bearing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115560677A true CN115560677A (en) | 2023-01-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211416456.7A Pending CN115560677A (en) | 2022-11-12 | 2022-11-12 | Method for rapidly measuring inner diameter of jewel bearing |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115560677A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-12 CN CN202211416456.7A patent/CN115560677A/en active Pending
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