CN115558796A - Method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace ash - Google Patents
Method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN115558796A CN115558796A CN202211374267.8A CN202211374267A CN115558796A CN 115558796 A CN115558796 A CN 115558796A CN 202211374267 A CN202211374267 A CN 202211374267A CN 115558796 A CN115558796 A CN 115558796A
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/34—Obtaining zinc oxide
- C22B19/38—Obtaining zinc oxide in rotary furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace ash, belonging to the technical field of solid waste resource treatment. The method comprises the steps of sequentially crushing and magnetically separating the waste tires to remove iron components in the waste tires, and then pyrolyzing the waste tire rubber powder obtained by pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil are used as heat sources for subsequent reduction reaction and oxidation reaction; mixing the pyrolysis solid with zinc-containing blast furnace ash, wherein the pyrolysis solid contains carbon black which can be used as a reducing agent, and under the anoxic atmosphere, the carbon black and zinc oxide in the pyrolysis solid and the zinc-containing blast furnace ash are subjected to reduction reaction, so that zinc is converted into a zinc simple substance, and at the high temperature of 1100-1300 ℃, a zinc-containing air flow is formed and separated from the solid; finally, the zinc-containing gas flow is mixed with oxygen-containing gas to carry out oxidation reaction, the zinc simple substance is oxidized into zinc oxide, and zinc oxide particles are obtained after cooling and gas-solid separation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste recycling treatment, in particular to a method for recycling and extracting zinc oxide from waste tire coupling blast furnace ash.
Background
The automobile industry is the representative of industrialization, is the embodiment of the comprehensive strength of the national industry, and as the most developing countries in the world, the automobile holding amount in China is always kept at a high level. Inevitably, the increase in vehicle production results in a large amount of scrap tires. As one of pollution sources, the waste tire rubber has the characteristics of strong heat resistance, biological decomposition resistance, mechanical resistance and the like, and cannot be treated by a burying method; open air incineration can produce toxic and harmful gases, liquids and solid pollutants.
The traditional resource utilization mode of the waste tire generally comprises 3 types. The first is thermal cracking, the main products of thermal cracking of junked tires are pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon black, the ash content of the pyrolysis carbon black is about 15-20% and far higher than that of commercial carbon black, and the ash content mainly comprises ZnO and SiO 2 Inorganic oxides, etc., which affect the use properties of the carbon black; the second utilization mode is to process pyrolytic carbon generated after the waste tire rubber is pyrolyzed to obtain qualified carbonized materials, and activate the carbonized materials to obtain activated carbon; the third utilization mode is to perform the renovation treatment of local repairing processing on the waste tires to recover the original use value. Although the tire resource utilization technology has a wide application prospect, the resource cannot be fully utilized, a large amount of energy is consumed, and carbon emission is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tires and coupling blast furnace dust, which can extract zinc oxide from waste tires and blast furnace dust, and realize resource utilization of waste tires and blast furnace dust.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace dust, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially crushing and magnetically separating the waste tire to obtain rubber powder and iron components of the waste tire;
(2) Pyrolyzing the waste tire rubber powder to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil are used as heat sources for subsequent reduction reaction and oxidation reaction;
(3) Mixing the pyrolysis solid with zinc-containing blast furnace ash, and carrying out reduction reaction in an anoxic atmosphere to obtain solid waste and a zinc-containing gas flow, wherein the zinc-containing gas flow comprises a zinc simple substance, and the temperature of the reduction reaction is 1100-1300 ℃;
(4) And mixing the zinc-containing gas flow with oxygen-containing gas, carrying out oxidation reaction, cooling, and carrying out gas-solid separation to obtain the zinc oxide.
Preferably, the temperature of pyrolysis in the step (2) is 400-800 ℃, and the duration is 20-80 min.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the pyrolysis solid to the zinc-containing blast furnace ash in the step (3) is 0.4-0.6.
Preferably, the duration of the reduction reaction in the step (3) is 30 to 60min.
Preferably, the oxygen content in the oxygen-deficient atmosphere is less than or equal to 3vol%.
Preferably, the oxygen-containing gas in the step (4) is air and/or oxygen; after the zinc-containing gas flow is mixed with the oxygen-containing gas, the content of the oxygen in the obtained mixed gas is 2-6 vol%.
Preferably, the temperature of the oxidation reaction in the step (4) is 900-1300 ℃, and the duration time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the particle size of the waste tire rubber powder is less than or equal to 5mm.
Preferably, the zinc oxide content of the scrap tire is 2 to 4wt%;
the zinc oxide content in the zinc-containing blast furnace dust is 1-10 wt%.
Preferably, the composition of the waste tyre also comprises chlorine-containing organic matters; and (3) when the waste tire contains chlorine-containing organic matters, the solid obtained after the gas-solid separation in the step (4) contains zinc chloride.
The invention provides a method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace dust, which comprises the steps of sequentially crushing and magnetically separating waste tires to remove iron components in the waste tires, and pyrolyzing rubber powder of the waste tires obtained by pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil are used as heat sources for subsequent reduction reaction and oxidation reaction; the pyrolysis solid is mixed with zinc-containing blast furnace dust, the pyrolysis solid contains carbon black which can be used as a reducing agent, under the anoxic atmosphere, the carbon black and zinc oxide in the pyrolysis solid and the zinc-containing blast furnace dust are subjected to a reduction reaction, zinc is converted into a zinc simple substance, and at the high temperature of 1100-1300 ℃, a zinc-containing airflow is formed and separated from the solid; finally, the zinc-containing gas flow is mixed with oxygen-containing gas for oxidation reaction, the zinc simple substance is oxidized into zinc oxide, and zinc oxide particles are obtained after cooling and gas-solid separation. The waste tire and the blast furnace dust are respectively solid wastes of the automobile industry and the steel-making industry, are difficult to treat and dispose and are easy to cause environmental pollution. The invention realizes the recycling treatment of solid wastes by extracting and recovering the zinc oxide in the waste tires and the blast furnace dust, obtains the zinc oxide with economic value, can further treat the iron component obtained by magnetic separation into economic products, realizes the full utilization of metal resources and has high economic benefit. The invention utilizes the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis gas obtained by pyrolyzing the waste tire rubber powder as energy supply, realizes the full utilization of energy and is more environment-friendly. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of low cost of raw materials, simplicity and high efficiency, and is suitable for industrial production, the recovery rate of the obtained zinc oxide is more than or equal to 85%, and the commercial value is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace ash.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace dust, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially crushing and magnetically separating the waste tire to obtain rubber powder and iron components of the waste tire;
(2) Pyrolyzing the waste tire rubber powder to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil are used as heat sources for subsequent reduction reaction and oxidation reaction;
(3) Mixing the pyrolysis solid with zinc-containing blast furnace ash, and carrying out reduction reaction in an anoxic atmosphere to obtain solid waste and a zinc-containing gas flow, wherein the zinc-containing gas flow comprises a zinc simple substance, and the temperature of the reduction reaction is 1100-1300 ℃;
(4) And mixing the zinc-containing gas flow with oxygen-containing gas, carrying out oxidation reaction, cooling, and carrying out gas-solid separation to obtain the zinc oxide.
The invention carries out crushing and magnetic separation on the waste tire in sequence to obtain the rubber powder and iron components of the waste tire. In the present invention, the zinc oxide content of the scrap tire is 2 to 4wt%, more preferably 3wt%. The present invention preferably uses a rubber powder pulverizer to perform the crushing treatment. In the invention, the particle size of the waste tire rubber powder is preferably less than or equal to 5mm, and more preferably 1-3 mm.
The invention preferably uses waste tire magnetic separation equipment to carry out the magnetic separation. The invention has no special requirements on the specific operation mode of the magnetic separation, and the magnetic separation mode which is well known to the technical personnel in the field can be used. In the present invention, the iron component is preferably iron scrap or iron oxide. In the present invention, after the magnetic separation, the content of the iron component in the obtained waste tire rubber powder is preferably less than 0.5wt%.
Pyrolyzing the waste tire rubber powder to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil are used as heat sources for subsequent reduction reaction and oxidation reaction. The pyrolysis is preferably carried out in a pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention. In the present invention, the temperature of the pyrolysis is preferably 400 to 800 ℃, more preferably 500 to 700 ℃; the duration is preferably 20 to 80min, more preferably 40 to 60min. In the present invention, the rate of temperature rise to the pyrolysis temperature is preferably 0.5 ℃/min.
In the present invention, the main component of the pyrolytic solid is carbon black containing zinc oxide; the pyrolysis gas mainly comprises water gas, and the pyrolysis oil mainly comprises tar. In the present invention, the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil are used as heat sources for subsequent reduction and oxidation reactions.
The pyrolysis solid and the zinc-containing blast furnace ash are mixed and subjected to reduction reaction in an anoxic atmosphere to obtain solid waste and a zinc-containing gas flow, wherein the zinc-containing gas flow comprises a zinc simple substance. In the invention, the zinc-containing blast furnace ash is preferably solid waste collected by a cloth bag recovery method during steel making. In the present invention, the zinc oxide content in the zinc-containing blast furnace dust is preferably 1 to 10wt%, more preferably 3 to 7wt%.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the pyrolysis solid to the zinc-containing blast furnace ash is preferably 0.4 to 0.6, more preferably 0.5.
In the present invention, the mixing is preferably performed by stirring; the invention has no special requirement on the specific stirring mode, and the pyrolysis solid and the zinc-containing blast furnace ash are uniformly mixed. In the present invention, after the pyrolysis solid is mixed with zinc-containing blast furnace dust, the content of zinc oxide in the resulting mixture is preferably 3 to 7wt%, more preferably 4 to 6wt%.
In the present invention, the reduction reaction is preferably carried out in a rotary kiln. In the present invention, the oxygen content in the oxygen-deficient atmosphere is preferably 3vol% or less. In the present invention, the oxygen-deficient atmosphere is preferably an inert atmosphere or vacuum.
In the present invention, the reducing agent for the reduction reaction is carbon black in the pyrolysis solid. In the invention, the temperature of the reduction reaction is 1100-1300 ℃, preferably 1150-1250 ℃, and more preferably 1200 ℃; the duration of the reduction reaction is preferably 30 to 60min, more preferably 50min. In the present invention, the rate of temperature rise to the reduction reaction temperature is preferably 0.5 ℃/min.
In the present invention, the chemical reaction that occurs during the reduction is as follows:
ZnO+C＝Zn+CO
ZnO+CO＝Zn+CO 2
in the invention, because the temperature of the reduction reaction is 1100-1300 ℃, the zinc simple substance obtained by reduction is vaporized to form the zinc-containing gas flow.
In the invention, the solid waste can be used as an iron modifier to be sent to a cement plant to prepare cement, and can also be used as an additive raw material to produce internal combustion type energy-saving bricks.
The zinc-containing gas flow is mixed with oxygen-containing gas to carry out oxidation reaction, and zinc oxide is obtained after cooling and gas-solid separation. In the present invention, the oxygen-containing gas is preferably air and/or oxygen; after mixing the zinc-containing gas stream with the oxygen-containing gas, the oxygen content of the resulting mixed gas is preferably 2 to 6vol%, more preferably 3 to 4vol%. The present invention preferably uses a combustion fan for the delivery and mixing of the oxygen-containing gas.
In the present invention, the temperature of the oxidation reaction is preferably 900 to 1300 ℃, more preferably 1000 to 1200 ℃, and further preferably 1100 ℃; the duration is preferably 30 to 60min, more preferably 50min. In the present invention, the rate of temperature rise to the oxidation reaction temperature is preferably 0.5 ℃/min. In the invention, during the oxidation-reduction reaction, the zinc in the zinc-containing gas flow is oxidized into zinc oxide.
In the invention, the cooling mode is preferably smoke chamber heat exchange cooling, and the cooled temperature is preferably less than or equal to 50 ℃.
In the invention, the gas-solid separation mode is preferably settling in a settling chamber and bag-type dust removal separation. In the present invention, the zinc oxide obtained after the gas-solid separation is in the form of particles, and the particle diameter of the zinc oxide particles is preferably 1 to 100 μm, more preferably 10 to 50 μm.
In the invention, the gas obtained after gas-solid separation preferably comprises combustible substances which can be used as a heat source and conveyed to the pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline for supplying heat, and the gas after heat supply is discharged after desulfurization.
In the present invention, the composition of the scrap tire preferably further comprises chlorinated organic compounds; and (5) when the waste tire contains chlorine-containing organic matters, the solid obtained after gas-solid separation in the step (4) contains zinc chloride.
In the invention, the zinc oxide and zinc chloride obtained by the extraction can be used as tire rubber additives or zinc refining raw materials.
In the invention, a flow chart of resource extraction of zinc oxide by coupling waste tires with blast furnace ash is shown in figure 1.
The following will explain the resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace ash provided by the present invention in detail with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Crushing the recovered waste tire with the zinc content of 2wt% to obtain waste tire rubber powder with the particle size of less than 5mm, and separating substances such as steel wires, scrap iron and the like contained in the waste tire by combining electric drive stirring with a magnetic separation device;
(2) After entering a pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the waste tire rubber powder, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 500 ℃, and the time is 20min, so as to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
(3) Collecting blast furnace dust with 2wt% of zinc by a cloth bag dust removal method, fully mixing the pyrolysis solid and the blast furnace dust, conveying the obtained mixed material into a rotary kiln through a conveying pipe, and performing reduction reaction for 60min by using gas phase and liquid substance generated by pyrolysis to increase the temperature in the rotary kiln to 1300 ℃ through combustion energy supply, so as to obtain ash and zinc-containing airflow; cooling ash to below 50 ℃ after heat exchange through a heat exchange pipe, collecting the ash through a bag-type dust collector, and treating the ash as solid waste;
(4) Supplementing air into the zinc-containing airflow to ensure that the oxygen concentration is 6vol%, carrying out oxidation treatment at 1300 ℃ for 60min to obtain flue gas containing zinc oxide, carrying out heat exchange cooling by using a heat pipe heat exchanger, then carrying out cyclone separation, and collecting the crude zinc oxide by a cloth bag dust removal method; and tail gas after gas-solid separation is used as waste heat, enters the pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline to supply heat for the pyrolysis furnace, and is desulfurized by adopting an ammonia method, so that the desulfurized tail gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
The recovery rate of zinc oxide is more than or equal to 99 percent by calculation.
Example 2
(1) Crushing the recovered waste tire with the zinc content of 2wt% to obtain waste tire rubber with the particle size of less than 5mm, and separating substances such as steel wires, scrap iron and the like contained in the waste tire by combining electric drive stirring with a magnetic separation device;
(2) After entering a pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the waste tire rubber powder, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 600 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 40min, so as to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
(3) Collecting blast furnace ash with 2wt% of zinc by a cloth bag dust removal method, fully mixing the pyrolysis solid and the blast furnace ash, conveying the obtained mixed material into a rotary kiln through a conveying pipe, and performing reduction reaction for 50min by using gas phase and liquid substance generated by pyrolysis to increase the temperature in the rotary kiln to 1250 ℃ for combustion and energy supply, so as to obtain ash and zinc-containing airflow; cooling ash to below 50 ℃ after heat exchange through a heat exchange pipe, collecting the ash through a bag-type dust collector, and treating the ash as solid waste;
(4) Supplementing air into the zinc-containing airflow to ensure that the oxygen concentration is 5vol%, carrying out oxidation treatment for 50min at 1250 ℃ to obtain flue gas containing zinc oxide, carrying out heat exchange cooling by using a heat pipe exchanger, then carrying out cyclone separation, and collecting the crude zinc oxide by a cloth bag dust removal method; and tail gas after gas-solid separation is used as waste heat, enters the pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline to supply heat for the pyrolysis furnace, and is desulfurized by adopting an ammonia method, so that the desulfurized tail gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
The recovery rate of zinc oxide is more than or equal to 99 percent by calculation.
Example 3
(1) Crushing the recovered waste tire with the zinc content of 2wt% to obtain waste tire rubber with the particle size of less than 5mm, and separating substances such as steel wires, scrap iron and the like contained in the waste tire by combining electric drive stirring with a magnetic separation device;
(2) After entering a pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the waste tire rubber powder, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 700 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 50min, so as to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
(3) Collecting blast furnace ash with 2wt% of zinc by a cloth bag dust removal method, fully mixing the pyrolysis solid and the blast furnace ash, conveying the obtained mixed material into a rotary kiln through a conveying pipe, and performing reduction reaction for 40min by using gas phase and liquid substance generated by pyrolysis to increase the temperature in the rotary kiln to 1200 ℃ through combustion energy supply, so as to obtain ash and zinc-containing tail gas; cooling the ash to below 50 ℃ after heat exchange through a heat exchange pipe, collecting the ash through a bag-type dust collector, and treating the ash as solid waste;
(4) Supplementing air to the zinc-containing airflow to ensure that the oxygen concentration is 4vol%, carrying out oxidation treatment at 1200 ℃ for 40min to obtain flue gas containing zinc oxide, carrying out heat exchange cooling by using a heat pipe heat exchanger, then carrying out cyclone separation, and collecting the crude zinc oxide by using a cloth bag dust removal method; and tail gas after gas-solid separation is used as waste heat, enters the pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline to supply heat for the pyrolysis furnace, and is desulfurized by adopting an ammonia method, so that the desulfurized tail gas reaches the standard and is discharged.
The recovery rate of zinc oxide is more than or equal to 99 percent by calculation.
Example 4
(1) Crushing the recovered waste tire with the zinc content of 2wt% to obtain waste tire rubber with the particle size of less than 5mm, and separating substances such as steel wires, scrap iron and the like contained in the waste tire by combining electric drive stirring with a magnetic separation device;
(2) After entering a pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the waste tire rubber powder, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 800 ℃, and the time is 60min, so as to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
(3) Collecting blast furnace ash with 2wt% of zinc by a cloth bag dust removal method, fully mixing the pyrolysis solid and the blast furnace ash, conveying the obtained mixed material into a rotary kiln through a conveying pipe, and performing reduction reaction for 35min by using gas phase and liquid substance generated by pyrolysis to increase the temperature in the rotary kiln to 1150 ℃ through combustion energy supply, so as to obtain ash and zinc-containing tail gas; cooling ash to below 50 ℃ after heat exchange through a heat exchange pipe, collecting the ash through a bag-type dust collector, and treating the ash as solid waste;
(4) Supplementing air to the zinc-containing airflow to ensure that the oxygen concentration is 3vol%, carrying out oxidation treatment at 1150 ℃ for 35min to obtain flue gas containing zinc oxide, carrying out heat exchange cooling by using a heat pipe heat exchanger, then carrying out cyclone separation, and collecting the crude zinc oxide by a cloth bag dust removal method; and tail gas after gas-solid separation is used as waste heat, enters the pyrolysis furnace through a pipeline to supply heat for the pyrolysis furnace, and is desulfurized by adopting an ammonia method, so that the desulfurized tail gas reaches the standard and is discharged.
The recovery rate of zinc oxide is more than or equal to 99 percent by calculation.
Example 5
(1) Crushing the recovered waste tire with the zinc content of 2wt% to obtain waste tire rubber with the particle size of less than 5mm, and separating substances such as steel wires, scrap iron and the like contained in the waste tire by combining electric drive stirring with a magnetic separation device;
(2) After entering a pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the waste tire rubber powder, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 800 ℃ and the time is 80min, and obtaining pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;
(3) Collecting blast furnace dust with the zinc content of 2wt% by a cloth bag dust removal method, fully mixing the pyrolysis solid and the blast furnace dust, conveying the obtained mixed material into a rotary kiln through a conveying pipe, and raising the temperature in the rotary kiln to 1100 ℃ for reduction reaction for 30min through combustion energy supply of gas phase and liquid substances generated by pyrolysis to obtain ash and zinc-containing tail gas; cooling ash to below 50 ℃ after heat exchange through a heat exchange pipe, collecting the ash through a bag-type dust collector, and treating the ash as solid waste;
(5) Supplementing air to the zinc-containing airflow to make the oxygen concentration be 3vol%, carrying out oxidation treatment at 1100 ℃ for 30min to obtain flue gas containing zinc oxide, carrying out heat exchange cooling by using a heat pipe heat exchanger, then carrying out cyclone separation, and then carrying out a bag-type dust removal method to collect the crude zinc oxide; the tail gas after the gas-solid separation enters the pyrolysis furnace through the pipeline as waste heat to supply heat for the pyrolysis furnace, and then the ammonia desulphurization method is adopted, so that the tail gas after the desulphurization reaches the standard and is discharged.
The recovery rate of zinc oxide is more than or equal to 99 percent by calculation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for resource extraction of zinc oxide from waste tire coupled blast furnace dust comprises the following steps:
(1) Sequentially crushing and magnetically separating the waste tire to obtain rubber powder and iron components of the waste tire;
(2) Pyrolyzing the waste tire rubber powder to obtain pyrolysis solid, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil are used as heat sources for subsequent reduction reaction and oxidation reaction;
(3) Mixing the pyrolysis solid with zinc-containing blast furnace ash, and carrying out reduction reaction in an anoxic atmosphere to obtain solid waste and a zinc-containing gas flow, wherein the zinc-containing gas flow comprises a zinc simple substance, and the temperature of the reduction reaction is 1100-1300 ℃;
(4) And mixing the zinc-containing gas flow with oxygen-containing gas, carrying out oxidation reaction, cooling, and carrying out gas-solid separation to obtain the zinc oxide.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis in the step (2) is carried out at a temperature of 400 to 800 ℃ for a time of 20 to 80min.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pyrolysis solids to the zinc-containing blast furnace ash in step (3) is 0.4 to 0.6.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the duration of the reduction reaction in the step (3) is 30 to 60min.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxygen content of the oxygen-deficient atmosphere is less than or equal to 3vol%.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen-containing gas in step (4) is air and/or oxygen; after the zinc-containing gas flow is mixed with oxygen-containing gas, the content of oxygen in the obtained mixed gas is 2-6 vol%.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the temperature of the oxidation reaction in the step (4) is 900-1300 ℃ and the duration is 30-60 min.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the scrap tire rubber powder is less than or equal to 5mm.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the scrap tire has a zinc oxide content of 2 to 4wt%;
the zinc-containing blast furnace dust contains 1-10 wt% of zinc oxide.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition of the scrap tires further comprises chlorinated organics; and (3) when the waste tire contains chlorine-containing organic matters, the solid obtained after the gas-solid separation in the step (4) contains zinc chloride.
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