CN115558467A - Self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: loading soft magnetic nanoparticles on a two-dimensional conductive material by adopting a hydrothermal method to prepare the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles; uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer to form a first mixture; uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent to form a second mixture; and carrying out a curing reaction on a mixed reaction system containing the first mixture and the second mixture to prepare the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material. The self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material prepared by the invention can realize double functions of driving and self-sensing, has the characteristics of large deformation, good stability, high response speed, high sensitivity and the like, is simple to prepare, has low cost and can be recycled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent phase change composite materials, and particularly relates to a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The liquid-gas phase change material can absorb energy in a thermal environment, phase change occurs when the temperature reaches the boiling point of the material, the liquid state is changed into a gaseous state, heat energy can be changed into expansion driving force along with volume expansion in the phase change process, after heat supply is stopped, the phase change material is changed from the gaseous state into the liquid state, heat is released, and meanwhile the volume begins to shrink. The magnetic response phase change driving material is a liquid-gas phase change material which can raise temperature and make phase change under the action of alternating magnetic field, and has extensive application prospect in the fields of biological medicine, artificial muscle and flexible actuator, etc. due to its characteristics of high sensitivity, large deformation and non-contact.
The real-time sensing and feedback capability in the deformation process is beneficial to realizing stronger functions and wider environmental adaptability of the material. The current phase change driving material has poor conductivity, the real-time state of the material in the deformation process is difficult to perceive through the change of resistance in the deformation process, and the integration of a sensor on the surface of the material can greatly increase the complexity of the material, which seriously limits the further application of the material. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a phase change driving material that integrates deformation driving and sensing characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material, which comprises the following steps:
loading soft magnetic nanoparticles on a two-dimensional conductive material by adopting a hydrothermal method to prepare the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles;
uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer to form a first mixture;
uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent to form a second mixture;
and carrying out curing reaction on the mixed reaction system containing the first mixture and the second mixture at the temperature of 20-80 ℃ for 1-48 h to prepare the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material prepared by the preparation method, the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material comprises a dispersion medium and a dispersion phase, the dispersion phase is uniformly dispersed in the dispersion medium, the dispersion medium comprises silicon rubber, the dispersion phase comprises a two-dimensional conductive material loaded with soft magnetic nanoparticles and a low boiling point liquid, the soft magnetic nanoparticles in the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles are loaded on the two-dimensional conductive material, and the low boiling point liquid is uniformly dispersed in the dispersion medium in the form of liquid drops.
The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material in the field of flexible actuators or artificial muscles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The soft magnetic nanoparticles in the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material have good magnetic-thermal conversion performance, and the material generates a large amount of heat in an alternating magnetic field, so that low-boiling-point liquid in the elastomer is gasified, expanded and deformed;
(2) The two-dimensional conductive material has high dielectric constant, the signal-to-noise ratio of the capacitive sensing of the material can be effectively improved by doping the two-dimensional conductive material in the elastomer with low dielectric constant, in the expansion process of the elastomer, liquid-gas phase change occurs to liquid with low boiling point, the dielectric constant is reduced, the two-dimensional conductive material is gradually dispersed due to deformation, the dielectric constant of the two-dimensional conductive material between electrode plates is also reduced, meanwhile, the distance between the electrode plates is increased, and the capacitance of the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material is rapidly reduced under the combined action of the three factors, so that the deformation of the two-dimensional conductive material is sensed in real time;
(3) The self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material can realize double functions of driving and self-sensing, has the characteristics of large deformation, good stability, high response speed, high sensitivity and the like, is simple to prepare, low in cost, can be recycled, and has wide application prospects in the fields of artificial muscles, flexible actuators and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and it is also possible for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating deformation and sensing of a self-sensing magnetically responsive phase change material in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a self-sensing magnetically responsive phase change material in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of expansion force with temperature in an alternating magnetic field for the magnetic response device prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship of the capacitance with the compression ratio in an alternating magnetic field of the magnetic response device prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of dielectric constant versus frequency for a magnetically responsive device prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of expansion force with temperature in an alternating magnetic field for a magnetically responsive device prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of capacitance versus compression ratio in an alternating magnetic field for a magnetically responsive device prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the expansion force with respect to temperature in an alternating magnetic field of the magnetic response device prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of capacitance versus compression ratio in an alternating magnetic field for a magnetically responsive device prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of expansion force with temperature in an alternating magnetic field for a magnetically responsive device prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship of the capacitance with the compression ratio in an alternating magnetic field of the magnetic response device produced in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph of the expansion force in an alternating magnetic field as a function of temperature for the magnetic-responsive device prepared in example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship of the capacitance with the compression ratio in an alternating magnetic field of the magnetic response device produced in example 5 of the present invention;
fig. 14a to 14b are photographs showing the conversion of the fishbone structure executor prepared in example 6 of the invention from a two-dimensional planar structure into a three-dimensional structure;
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the expansion force with respect to temperature in an alternating magnetic field of the magnetic response device prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the relationship between the capacitance in an alternating magnetic field and the compression ratio of the magnetic-responsive device prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a graph of expansion force with temperature in an alternating magnetic field of a magnetically responsive device prepared in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a graph showing a relationship of capacitance with compression ratio in an alternating magnetic field of the magnetic-responsive device prepared in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a graph of dielectric constant versus frequency for the composite prepared in comparative example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 20 is a graph showing the change in capacitance during the deformation of the artificial muscle prepared in example 7 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In view of the defects of the prior art, the inventor of the present invention provides a technical solution of the present invention through long-term research and a great deal of practice, and mainly provides a liquid-gas phase change material with driving and sensing functions, and a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to overcome the defects that the existing liquid-gas phase change material only has a driving function and cannot timely feed back the change situation in the driving process.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Specifically, as an aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, a method for preparing a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material includes:
loading soft magnetic nanoparticles on a two-dimensional conductive material by a hydrothermal method to prepare the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles (also marked as a two-dimensional conductive material/soft magnetic nanoparticle composite material);
uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer (also named as a silicone rubber A agent) to form a first mixture;
uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent (also marked as a silicone rubber B agent) to form a second mixture;
and carrying out curing reaction on the mixed reaction system containing the first mixture and the second mixture at the temperature of 20-80 ℃ for 1-48 h to prepare the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material.
In some preferred embodiments, the two-dimensional conductive material includes MXene and/or graphene, and is not limited thereto.
In some preferred embodiments, the soft magnetic nanoparticles include any one of ferroferric oxide, permalloy, sendust, or a combination of two or more thereof, and are not limited thereto.
In some preferred embodiments, the low boiling point liquid includes any one or a combination of two or more of methanol, ethanol, novec 7000, trichlorotrifluoroethane, and is not limited thereto.
Further, the boiling point of the low boiling point liquid is less than 90 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments, the silicone rubber prepolymer comprises any one of, or a combination of two or more of, ecoflex 00-50 prepolymer, ecoflex 00-30 prepolymer, dragon Skin30 prepolymer, beshow Skin30 prepolymer, sylgard 184 prepolymer, T10 prepolymer, without limitation thereto.
In some preferred embodiments, the silicone rubber prepolymer curative includes any one or a combination of two or more of Ecoflex 00-50 prepolymer curative, ecoflex 00-30 prepolymer curative, dragon Skin30 prepolymer curative, beshow Skin30 prepolymer curative, sylgard 184 prepolymer curative, T10 prepolymer curative, without limitation thereto.
In some preferred embodiments, the side chain groups of the silicone rubber prepolymer and the silicone rubber prepolymer curative are capable of reacting with each other to form a silicone rubber having a three-dimensional network macromolecular structure.
Furthermore, the silicone rubber prepolymer and the silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent have the characteristics of low modulus, stretchability, easy doping and low cost.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material to the soft magnetic nanoparticles is 1 to 30.
Further, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material to the soft magnetic nanoparticles is 2-20;
in some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material supporting soft magnetic nanoparticles, the low boiling point liquid, and the silicone rubber prepolymer in the first mixture is 30 to 80:5 to 40:100;
in some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material supporting soft magnetic nanoparticles, the low boiling point liquid and the silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent in the second mixture is 30 to 80:5 to 40:100.
the self-sensing magnetic-response phase-change driving material prepared by the preparation method comprises a dispersion medium and a dispersion phase, wherein the dispersion phase is uniformly dispersed in the dispersion medium, the dispersion medium comprises silicon rubber, the dispersion phase comprises a two-dimensional conductive material loaded with soft magnetic nanoparticles and a low boiling point liquid, the soft magnetic nanoparticles in the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles are loaded on the two-dimensional conductive material, and the low boiling point liquid is uniformly dispersed in the dispersion medium in the form of liquid drops.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles to the dispersion medium in the self-sensing magnetically-responsive phase-change driving material is 30 to 80.
Further, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles in the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material to the dispersion medium is 40-70.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the low boiling point liquid to the dispersion medium in the self-sensing magnetically-responsive phase-change driving material is 5 to 40.
Further, the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point liquid to the dispersion medium in the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material is 10-30.
In some preferred embodiments, the silicone rubber includes any one or a combination of two or more of Ecoflex 00-50, ecoflex 00-30, dragon Skin30, beshow Skin30, sylgard 184, T10, and the like, without limitation thereto.
The soft magnetic particles in the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material are used as a heat source, the magnetocaloric conversion rate is high, and a large amount of heat is generated under the action of an alternating magnetic field, so that low-boiling-point liquid in the elastic body is gasified and expanded, and the elastic body is greatly deformed. After the magnetic field is closed, the soft magnetic particles stop supplying heat, the temperature is reduced, the low boiling point liquid is liquefied and contracted again, and at the moment, the elastic body is restored to the original shape.
The two-dimensional conductive material in the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material increases the conductivity of the elastomer, and the density of the conductive material in unit volume and the gas-liquid phase transition of low-boiling-point liquid can change the dielectric constant of the material in the deformation process of the elastomer, so that the capacitance of the elastomer changes, and the elastomer has self-sensing capability due to the capacitive sensing principle. The deformation and sensing behavior of the self-sensing magnetically responsive phase change driving material is illustrated in fig. 1.
The self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material realizes the dual-function cooperation of driving and self-sensing, and has the characteristics of large deformation, high response speed, high sensitivity, low cost and the like.
According to another aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the application of the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material in the field of flexible actuators or artificial muscles is further provided.
In conclusion, the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material can realize double functions of driving and self-sensing, has the characteristics of large deformation, good stability, high response speed, high sensitivity and the like, is simple to prepare, low in cost, capable of being recycled, and has wide application prospects in the fields of artificial muscles, flexible actuators and the like.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to several preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the detailed embodiments and the specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The experimental materials used in the examples below were obtained from conventional biochemicals unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
(1) Weighing 1.5g of ferroferric oxide, 01g of MXene prepared by hydrothermal method to obtain MXene/Fe 3 O 4 A composite material.
(2) Weighing 0.15g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 The composite material and 2.0g of methanol solution are mixed into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirred for 5min and mixed to obtain a premixed A agent;
(3) Weighing 0.15g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 The composite material and 2.0g of methanol solution are added into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirred for 5min and mixed to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 23 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material. FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are graphs of expansion force with temperature and capacitance with compression ratio respectively when a magnetic response device is placed in an alternating magnetic field with the frequency of 30kHz, and FIG. 5 is a graph of dielectric constant with frequency of the magnetic response device.
Example 2
(1) Weighing 2.0g of ferroferric oxide and 0.2g of graphene, and preparing graphene/Fe by using a hydrothermal method 3 O 4 A composite material.
(2) 0.3g of graphene/Fe was weighed 3 O 4 Mixing the composite material and 3.5g of ethanol solution into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed A agent;
(3) 0.3g of graphene/Fe was weighed 3 O 4 Mixing the composite material and 3.5g of ethanol solution into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 23 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material. Fig. 6 and 7 are graphs of expansion force versus temperature and capacitance versus compression ratio, respectively, for a magnetically responsive device placed in an alternating magnetic field having a frequency of 30 kHz.
Example 3
(1) Weighing 1.0g of beryllium-mullite alloy and 0.1g of graphene, and preparing the graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material by using a hydrothermal method.
(2) Weighing 0.2g of graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material and 2.0g of Novec 7000 solution, adding the graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material and the Novec 7000 solution into 10g of Ecoflex 00-50 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed A agent;
(3) Weighing 0.2g of graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material and 2.0g of Novec 7000 solution, adding the graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material and the Novec 7000 solution into 10g of Ecoflex 00-50 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 23 ℃ for 4h to obtain the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material. Fig. 8 and 9 are graphs of expansion force versus temperature and capacitance versus compression ratio, respectively, for a magnetically responsive device placed in an alternating magnetic field having a frequency of 30 kHz.
Example 4
(1) Weighing 1.5g of ferrum-silicon-aluminum and 0.1g of MXene, and preparing the MXene/ferrum-silicon-aluminum composite material by a hydrothermal method.
(2) Weighing 0.25g of MXene/ferrum-silicon-aluminum composite material and 4.0g of trichlorotrifluoroethane solution, adding into 10g of Ecoflex 00-50 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed A agent;
(3) Weighing 0.25g of MXene/ferrum-silicon-aluminum composite material and 4.0g of trichlorotrifluoroethane solution, adding into 10g of Ecoflex 00-50 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 23 ℃ for 4h to obtain the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material. FIGS. 10 and 11 are graphs of expansion force versus temperature and capacitance versus compression ratio, respectively, for a magnetically responsive device placed in an alternating magnetic field having a frequency of 30 kHz.
Example 5
(1) Weighing 1.0g of ferroferric oxide and 0.1g of MXene, and preparing MXene/Fe by using a hydrothermal method 3 O 4 A composite material.
(2) Weighing 0.1g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 Mixing the composite material and 2.0g of ethanol solution into 10g of Dragon skin30 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed A agent;
(3) Weighing 0.1g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 Mixing the composite material and 2.0g of ethanol solution into 10g of Dragon skin30 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 60 ℃ for 4h to obtain the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material. Fig. 12 and 13 are graphs of expansion force versus temperature and capacitance versus compression ratio, respectively, for a magnetically responsive device placed in an alternating magnetic field having a frequency of 30 kHz.
Example 6
(1) Weighing 1.5g of ferroferric oxide and 0.1g of MXene, and preparing MXene/Fe by using a hydrothermal method 3 O 4 A composite material.
(2) Weighing 0.15g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 The composite material and 2.0g of methanol solution are mixed into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirred for 5min and mixed to obtain a premixed A agent;
(3) Weighing 0.15g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 Mixing the composite material and 2.0g of methanol solution into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And (3) loading 8g of the compound slurry into a 10cc charging barrel, selecting the printing pressure of 0.2MPa and the moving speed of 20mm/s, and performing direct-writing printing on carbon paper to obtain the magnetic response fishbone structure actuator. Fig. 14-14 b are photographs of the fish-bone structure actuator transformed from a two-dimensional planar structure to a three-dimensional structure.
Comparative example 1
(1) Weighing 1.5g of ferroferric oxide and 0.1g of MXene, and preparing MXene/Fe by using a hydrothermal method 3 O 4 A composite material.
(2) Weighing 0.1g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 Mixing the composite material and 2.0g of ethanol solution into 10g of PDMS1700A agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed agent A;
(3) Weighing 0.1g MXene/Fe 3 O 4 Mixing the composite material and 2.0g of ethanol solution into 10g of PDMS1700B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 23 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the composite material. FIGS. 15 and 16 are graphs of expansion force versus temperature and capacitance versus compression ratio, respectively, of a composite material placed in an alternating magnetic field having a frequency of 30 kHz. It can be seen that the expansion force and capacitance change of the composite material are significantly less than those of the self-sensing magnetically responsive phase change driving materials prepared in examples 1-5.
Comparative example 2
(1) 1.0g of beryllium-mullite alloy and 0.1g of graphene are weighed, and the graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material is prepared by a hydrothermal method.
(2) Weighing 0.15g of graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material and 2.5g of edible oil solution, adding into 10g of Ecoflex 00-50 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed A agent;
(3) Weighing 0.15g of graphene/beryllium-mullite alloy composite material and 2.5g of edible oil solution, adding into 10g of Ecoflex 00-50 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(4) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(5) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 23 ℃ for 4h to obtain the composite material. FIGS. 17 and 18 are graphs of expansion force versus temperature and capacitance versus compression ratio, respectively, for a composite material placed in an alternating magnetic field having a frequency of 30 kHz. It can be seen that the expansion force and capacitance change of the composite material are significantly less than those of the self-sensing magnetically responsive phase change driving materials prepared in examples 1-5.
Comparative example 3
(1) Weighing 0.1g of ferroferric oxide, adding into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber A agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed A agent;
(2) Weighing 0.1g of ferroferric oxide, adding into 10g of Ecoflex 00-30 silicone rubber B agent, fully stirring for 5min, and mixing to obtain a premixed B agent;
(3) Adding the premixed agent A and the premixed agent B into a beaker according to the mass ratio of 1.
(4) And adding the composite slurry into a mold, sealing the mold, and curing at 23 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the composite material. FIG. 19 is a graph of composite dielectric constant versus frequency. It can be seen that the dielectric constant of the composite material is significantly lower than that of the self-sensing magnetically-responsive phase-change driving material prepared in example 1.
Example 7
In the same way as in embodiment 1, the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving device, i.e., the driving and sensing integrated artificial muscle, is manufactured by using the direct-writing 3D printing technology. The thigh and the lower leg are connected by an elastic body, which can extend the lower leg during the expansion process, and conversely, can recover the lower leg during the contraction process. In the driving process, the change of capacitance when the muscle stretches is tested, the bending angle of the leg can be known through the feedback capacitance value, and accurate control is exerted according to the required angle. Figure 20 is a graph of the change in capacitance during artificial muscle deformation.
In summary, according to the technical scheme, the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material provided by the invention realizes dual-function cooperation of driving and self-sensing, has the characteristics of large deformation, good stability, high response speed, high sensitivity and the like, and is simple to prepare and low in cost.
In addition, the inventor also refers to the preparation methods of examples 1-7, tests are carried out by using other raw materials and conditions listed in the specification of the invention, and the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material with large deformation, good stability, fast response speed and low cost is also successfully prepared.
It should be understood that the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
loading soft magnetic nanoparticles on a two-dimensional conductive material by adopting a hydrothermal method to prepare the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles;
uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer to form a first mixture;
uniformly dispersing the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles and the low-boiling-point liquid in a silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent to form a second mixture;
and carrying out curing reaction on a mixed reaction system containing the first mixture and the second mixture at the temperature of 20-80 ℃ for 1-48 h to prepare the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the two-dimensional conductive material comprises MXene and/or graphene;
and/or the soft magnetic nanoparticles comprise any one or a combination of more than two of ferroferric oxide, permalloy and iron-silicon-aluminum.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the low boiling point liquid comprises any one or the combination of more than two of methanol, ethanol, novec 7000 and trichlorotrifluoroethane; preferably, the boiling point of the low boiling point liquid is less than 90 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the silicone rubber prepolymer comprises any one or the combination of more than two of Ecoflex 00-50 prepolymer, ecoflex 00-30 prepolymer, dragon Skin30 prepolymer, beshow Skin30 prepolymer, sylgard 184 prepolymer and T10 prepolymer;
and/or the silicon rubber prepolymer curing agent comprises any one or the combination of more than two of Ecoflex 00-50 prepolymer curing agent, ecoflex 00-30 prepolymer curing agent, dragon Skin30 prepolymer curing agent, beshow Skin30 prepolymer curing agent, sylgard 184 prepolymer curing agent and T10 prepolymer curing agent;
and/or the side chain groups of the silicone rubber prepolymer and the silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent can react with each other to form the silicone rubber with a three-dimensional reticular macromolecular structure.
5. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material to the soft magnetic nanoparticles is 1-30, preferably 2-20;
and/or the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material loading the soft magnetic nanoparticles, the low boiling point liquid and the silicone rubber prepolymer in the first mixture is 30-80: 5 to 40:100;
and/or the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material loading the soft magnetic nanoparticles, the low boiling point liquid and the silicone rubber prepolymer curing agent in the second mixture is 30-80: 5 to 40:100.
6. the self-sensing magnetic-response phase-change driving material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a dispersion medium and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase being uniformly dispersed in the dispersion medium, the dispersion medium comprising silicone rubber, the dispersed phase comprising a two-dimensional conductive material supporting soft magnetic nanoparticles and a low boiling point liquid, the soft magnetic nanoparticles in the two-dimensional conductive material supporting soft magnetic nanoparticles being supported on the two-dimensional conductive material, the low boiling point liquid being uniformly dispersed in the form of droplets in the dispersion medium.
7. A self-sensing magnetically-responsive phase change drive material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the mass ratio of the two-dimensional conductive material loaded with the soft magnetic nanoparticles to the dispersion medium in the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material is 30-80, and preferably 40-70.
8. A self-sensing magnetically-responsive phase change drive material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point liquid to the dispersion medium in the self-sensing magnetic response phase change driving material is 5-40, preferably 10-30.
9. A self-sensing magnetically responsive phase change material as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the silicone rubber comprises any one or the combination of more than two of Ecoflex 00-50, ecoflex 00-30, dragon Skin30, beshow Skin30, sylgard 184 and T10.
10. Use of a self-sensing magnetically responsive phase change driving material as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9 in the field of flexible actuators or artificial muscles.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112047386A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-08 | 西北工业大学 | Heating modified MXene/ferroferric oxide composite wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113462366A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-01 | 苏州双碳新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of optical energy and magnetic energy dual-drive composite phase change material |
| CN113583448A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Deformable-variable-rigidity dual-function magnetic intelligent material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112047386A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-08 | 西北工业大学 | Heating modified MXene/ferroferric oxide composite wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113462366A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-01 | 苏州双碳新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of optical energy and magnetic energy dual-drive composite phase change material |
| CN113583448A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Deformable-variable-rigidity dual-function magnetic intelligent material and preparation method and application thereof |
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